path: root/po/nb/hardware.po

# Debian installation guide - translation into Norwegian Bokmål
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: hardware_nb\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: debian-boot@lists.debian.org\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-02-13 11:47+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2019-10-30 18:03+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Allan Nordhøy <epost@anotheragency.no>\n"
"Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmål\n"
"Language: nb\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n != 1;\n"
"X-Generator: Weblate 3.10-dev\n"

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:5
#, no-c-format
msgid "System Requirements"
msgstr "Systemkrav"

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:7
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This section contains information about what hardware you need to get "
"started with &debian;. You will also find links to further information about "
"hardware supported by GNU and &arch-kernel;."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:20
#, no-c-format
msgid "Supported Hardware"
msgstr "Støttet maskinvare"

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:21
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"&debian; does not impose hardware requirements beyond the requirements of "
"the Linux or kFreeBSD kernel and the GNU tool-sets. Therefore, any "
"architecture or platform to which the Linux or kFreeBSD kernel, libc, "
"<command>gcc</command>, etc. have been ported, and for which a &debian; port "
"exists, can run &debian;. Please refer to the Ports pages at <ulink url="
"\"&url-ports;\"></ulink> for more details on &arch-title; architecture "
"systems which have been tested with &debian-gnu;."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:32
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Rather than attempting to describe all the different hardware configurations "
"which are supported for &arch-title;, this section contains general "
"information and pointers to where additional information can be found."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:41
#, no-c-format
msgid "Supported Architectures"
msgstr "Støttede arkitekturer"

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:42
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"&debian; GNU/Linux &release; supports 9 major architectures and several "
"variations of each architecture known as <quote>flavors</quote>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:53
#, no-c-format
msgid "Architecture"
msgstr "Arkitektur"

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:53
#, no-c-format
msgid "&debian; Designation"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:54
#, no-c-format
msgid "Subarchitecture"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:54
#, no-c-format
msgid "Flavor"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:60
#, no-c-format
msgid "AMD64 &amp; Intel 64"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:61
#, no-c-format
msgid "amd64"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:67
#, no-c-format
msgid "Intel x86-based"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:68
#, fuzzy, no-c-format
msgid "i386"
msgstr "i386"

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:69
#, no-c-format
msgid "default x86 machines"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:70
#, no-c-format
msgid "default"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:72
#, no-c-format
msgid "Xen PV domains only"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:73
#, no-c-format
msgid "<entry>xen</entry>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:77
#, no-c-format
msgid "<entry>ARM</entry>"
msgstr "<entry>ARM</entry>"

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:78
#, no-c-format
msgid "armel"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:79
#, no-c-format
msgid "Marvell Kirkwood and Orion"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:80
#, no-c-format
msgid "marvell"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:84
#, no-c-format
msgid "ARM with hardware FPU"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:85
#, no-c-format
msgid "armhf"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:86
#, no-c-format
msgid "multiplatform"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:87
#, no-c-format
msgid "armmp"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:91
#, no-c-format
msgid "64bit ARM"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:92
#, no-c-format
msgid "arm64"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:110
#, no-c-format
msgid "64bit MIPS (little-endian)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:111
#, no-c-format
msgid "mips64el"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:112 hardware.xml:125
#, no-c-format
msgid "<entry>MIPS Malta</entry>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:113
#, no-c-format
msgid "5kc-malta"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:115 hardware.xml:128
#, no-c-format
msgid "<entry>Cavium Octeon</entry>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:116 hardware.xml:129
#, no-c-format
msgid "octeon"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:118 hardware.xml:131
#, no-c-format
msgid "<entry>Loongson 3</entry>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:119 hardware.xml:132
#, no-c-format
msgid "loongson-3"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:123
#, no-c-format
msgid "32bit MIPS (little-endian)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:124
#, no-c-format
msgid "mipsel"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:126
#, no-c-format
msgid "4kc-malta"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:150
#, no-c-format
msgid "Power Systems"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:151
#, no-c-format
msgid "ppc64el"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:152
#, no-c-format
msgid "IBM POWER8 or newer machines"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:177
#, no-c-format
msgid "64bit IBM S/390"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:178
#, no-c-format
msgid "s390x"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:179
#, no-c-format
msgid "IPL from VM-reader and DASD"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:180
#, no-c-format
msgid "generic"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:187
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This document covers installation for the <emphasis>&arch-title;</emphasis> "
"architecture using the <emphasis>&arch-kernel;</emphasis> kernel. If you are "
"looking for information on any of the other &debian;-supported architectures "
"take a look at the <ulink url=\"http://www.debian.org/ports/\">&debian;-"
"Ports</ulink> pages."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:197
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This is the first official release of &debian-gnu; for the &arch-title; "
"architecture. We feel that it has proven itself sufficiently to be released. "
"However, because it has not had the exposure (and hence testing by users) "
"that some other architectures have had, you may encounter a few bugs. Use "
"our <ulink url=\"&url-bts;\">Bug Tracking System</ulink> to report any "
"problems; make sure to mention the fact that the bug is on the &arch-title; "
"platform using the <emphasis>&arch-kernel;</emphasis> kernel. It can be "
"necessary to use the <ulink url=\"&url-list-subscribe;\">debian-&arch-"
"listname; mailing list</ulink> as well."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:219
#, no-c-format
msgid "CPU Support"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:220
#, no-c-format
msgid "Both AMD64 and Intel 64 processors are supported."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:244
#, no-c-format
msgid "Three different ARM ports"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:246
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The ARM architecture has evolved over time and modern ARM processors provide "
"features which are not available in older models. &debian; therefore "
"provides three ARM ports to give the best support for a very wide range of "
"different machines:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:252
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"&debian;/armel targets older 32-bit ARM processors without support for a "
"hardware floating point unit (FPU),"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:256
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"&debian;/armhf works only on newer 32-bit ARM processors which implement at "
"least the ARMv7 architecture with version 3 of the ARM vector floating point "
"specification (VFPv3). It makes use of the extended features and performance "
"enhancements available on these models."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:263
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"&debian;/arm64 works on 64-bit ARM processors which implement at least the "
"ARMv8 architecture."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:270
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Technically, all currently available ARM CPUs can be run in either endian "
"mode (big or little), but in practice the vast majority use little-endian "
"mode. All of &debian;/arm64, &debian;/armhf and &debian;/armel support only "
"little-endian systems."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:279
#, no-c-format
msgid "Variations in ARM CPU designs and support complexity"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:281
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"ARM systems are much more heterogeneous than those based on the i386/amd64-"
"based PC architecture, so the support situation can be much more complicated."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:287
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The ARM architecture is used mainly in so-called <quote>system-on-chip</"
"quote> (SoC) designs. These SoCs are designed by many different companies "
"with vastly varying hardware components even for the very basic "
"functionality required to bring the system up. System firmware interfaces "
"have been increasingly standardised over time, but especially on older "
"hardware firmware/boot interfaces vary a great deal, so on these systems the "
"Linux kernel has to take care of many system-specific low-level issues which "
"would be handled by the mainboard's BIOS/UEFI in the PC world."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:299
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"At the beginning of the ARM support in the Linux kernel, the hardware "
"variety resulted in the requirement of having a separate kernel for each ARM "
"system in contrast to the <quote>one-fits-all</quote> kernel for PC systems. "
"As this approach does not scale to a large number of different systems, work "
"was done to allow booting with a single ARM kernel that can run on different "
"ARM systems. Support for newer ARM systems is now implemented in a way that "
"allows the use of such a multiplatform kernel, but for several older systems "
"a separate specific kernel is still required. Because of this, the standard "
"&debian; distribution only supports installation on a selected number of "
"such older ARM systems, alongside the newer systems which are supported by "
"the ARM multiplatform kernels (called <quote>armmp</quote>) in &debian;/"
"armhf."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:315
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The ARM architecture is used mainly in so-called <quote>system-on-chip</"
"quote> (SoC) designs. These SoCs are designed by many different companies, "
"often with vastly varying hardware components even for the very basic "
"functionality required to bring the system up. Older versions of the ARM "
"architecture have seen massive differences from one SoC to the next, but "
"ARMv8 (arm64) is much more standardised and so is easier for the Linux "
"kernel and other software to support."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:326
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Server versions of ARMv8 hardware are typically configured using the Unified "
"Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) and Advanced Configuration and Power "
"Interface (ACPI) standards. These two provide common, device-independent "
"ways to boot and configure computer hardware. They are also common in the "
"x86 PC world."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:336
#, no-c-format
msgid "Platforms supported by Debian/arm64"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:338
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Arm64/AArch64/ARMv8 hardware became available quite late in the &debian; "
"&releasename-cap; release cycle so not many platforms had support merged in "
"the mainline kernel version by the time of this release; this is the main "
"requirement to have &d-i; working on them. The following platforms are known "
"to be supported by &debian;/arm64 in this release. There is only one kernel "
"image, which supports all the listed platforms."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:350
#, no-c-format
msgid "Applied Micro (APM) Mustang/X-Gene"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:352
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The APM Mustang was the first Linux-capable ARMv8 system available. It uses "
"the X-gene SoC, which has since also been used in other machines. It is an 8-"
"core CPU, with ethernet, USB and serial. A common form-factor looks just "
"like a desktop PC box, but many other versions are expected in the future. "
"Most of the hardware is supported in the mainline kernel, but at this point "
"USB support is lacking in the &releasename-cap; kernel."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:366
#, no-c-format
msgid "ARM Juno Development Platform"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:368
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Juno is a capable development board with a 6-core (2xA57, 4xA53) ARMv8-A "
"800Mhz CPU, Mali (T624) graphics, 8GB DDR3 RAM, Ethernet, USB, Serial. It "
"was designed for system bring-up and power testing so is neither small nor "
"cheap, but was one of the first boards available. All the on-board hardware "
"is supported in the mainline kernel and in &releasename-cap;."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:382
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"When using &d-i; on non-UEFI systems, you may have to manually make the "
"system bootable at the end of the installation, e.g. by running the required "
"commands in a shell started from within &d-i;. flash-kernel knows how to set "
"up an X-Gene system booting with U-Boot."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:390
#, no-c-format
msgid "Other platforms"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:391
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The multiplatform support in the arm64 Linux kernel may also allow running "
"&d-i; on arm64 systems not explicitly listed above. So long as the kernel "
"used by &d-i; has support for the target system's components, and a device-"
"tree file for that target is available, a new target system may work just "
"fine. In these cases, the installer can usually provide a working "
"installation, and so long as UEFI is in use, it should be able to make the "
"system bootable as well. If UEFI is not used you may also need to perform "
"some manual configuration steps to make the system bootable."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:407
#, no-c-format
msgid "Platforms supported by Debian/armhf"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:409
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The following systems are known to work with &debian;/armhf using the "
"multiplatform (armmp) kernel:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:416
#, no-c-format
msgid "Freescale MX53 Quick Start Board (MX53 LOCO Board)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:418
#, no-c-format
msgid "The IMX53QSB is a development board based on the i.MX53 SoC."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:425
#, no-c-format
msgid "Versatile Express"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:427
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The Versatile Express is a development board series from ARM consisting of a "
"baseboard which can be equipped with various CPU daughter boards."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:436
#, no-c-format
msgid "Certain Allwinner sunXi-based development boards and embedded systems"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:439
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The armmp kernel supports several development boards and embedded systems "
"based on the Allwinner A10 (architecture codename <quote>sun4i</quote>), "
"A10s/A13 (architecture codename <quote>sun5i</quote>), A20 (architecture "
"codename <quote>sun7i</quote>), A31/A31s (architecture codename "
"<quote>sun6i</quote>) and A23/A33 (part of the <quote>sun8i</quote> family) "
"SoCs. Full installer support (including provision of ready-made SD card "
"images with the installer) is currently available for the following sunXi-"
"based systems:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:453
#, no-c-format
msgid "Cubietech Cubieboard 1 + 2 / Cubietruck"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:456
#, no-c-format
msgid "LeMaker Banana Pi and Banana Pro"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:459
#, no-c-format
msgid "LinkSprite pcDuino and pcDuino3"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:462
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Olimex A10-Olinuxino-LIME / A20-Olinuxino-LIME / A20-Olinuxino-LIME2 / A20-"
"Olinuxino Micro / A20-SOM-EVB"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:466
#, no-c-format
msgid "Xunlong OrangePi Plus"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:472
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"System support for Allwinner sunXi-based devices is limited to drivers and "
"device-tree information available in the mainline Linux kernel. Vendor-"
"specific kernel trees (such as the Allwinner SDK kernels) and the android-"
"derived linux-sunxi.org kernel 3.4 series are not supported by &debian;."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:480
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The mainline Linux kernel generally supports serial console, ethernet, SATA, "
"USB and MMC/SD-cards on Allwinner A10, A10s/A13, A20, A23/A33 and A31/A31s "
"SoCs. The level of support for local display (HDMI/VGA/LCD) and audio "
"hardware varies between individual systems. For most systems, the kernel "
"doesn't have native graphics drivers but instead uses the <quote>simplefb</"
"quote> infrastructure in which the bootloader initializes the display and "
"the kernel just re-uses the pre-initialized framebuffer. This generally "
"works reasonably well, although it results in certain limitations (the "
"display resolution cannot be changed on the fly and display powermanagement "
"is not possible)."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:495
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Onboard flash memory intended to be used as a mass storage device generally "
"exists in two basic variants on sunXi-based systems: raw NAND flash and eMMC "
"flash. Most older sunXi-based boards with onboard flash storage use raw NAND "
"flash for which support is not generally available in the mainline kernel "
"and therefore also not in Debian. A number of newer systems use eMMC flash "
"instead of raw NAND flash. An eMMC flash chip basically appears as a fast, "
"non-removable SD card and is supported in the same way as a regular SD card."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:508
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The installer includes basic support for a number of sunXi-based systems not "
"listed above, but it is largely untested on those systems as the &debian; "
"project doesn't have access to the corresponding hardware. No pre-built SD "
"card images with the installer are provided for those systems. Development "
"boards with such limited support include:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:517
#, no-c-format
msgid "Olimex A10s-Olinuxino Micro / A13-Olinuxino / A13-Olinuxino Micro"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:521
#, no-c-format
msgid "Sinovoip BPI-M2 (A31s-based)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:524
#, no-c-format
msgid "Xunlong Orange Pi (A20-based) / Orange Pi Mini (A20-based)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:529
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"In addition to the SoCs and systems listed above, the installer has very "
"limited support for the Allwinner H3 SoC and a number of boards based on it. "
"Mainline kernel support for the H3 is still largely work in progress at the "
"time of the Debian 9 release freeze, so the installer only supports serial "
"console, MMC/SD and the USB host controller on H3-based systems. There is no "
"driver for the on-board ethernet port of the H3 yet, so networking is only "
"possible with a USB ethernet adaptor or a USB wifi dongle. Systems based on "
"the H3 for which such very basic installer support is available include:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:542
#, no-c-format
msgid "FriendlyARM NanoPi NEO"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:545
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Xunlong Orange Pi Lite / Orange Pi One / Orange Pi PC / Orange Pi PC Plus / "
"Orange Pi Plus / Orange Pi Plus 2E / Orange Pi 2"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:556
#, no-c-format
msgid "NVIDIA Jetson TK1"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:558
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The NVIDIA Jetson TK1 is a developer board based on the Tegra K1 chip (also "
"known as Tegra 124). The Tegra K1 features a quad-core 32-bit ARM Cortex-A15 "
"CPU and Kepler GPU (GK20A) with 192 CUDA cores. Other systems based on the "
"Tegra 124 may work, too."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:569
#, no-c-format
msgid "Seagate Personal Cloud and Seagate NAS"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:571
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The Seagate Personal Cloud and Seagate NAS are NAS devices based on "
"Marvell's Armada 370 platform. Debian supports the Personal Cloud (SRN21C), "
"Personal Cloud 2-Bay (SRN22C), Seagate NAS 2-Bay (SRPD20) and Seagate NAS 4-"
"Bay (SRPD40)."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:581
#, no-c-format
msgid "SolidRun Cubox-i2eX / Cubox-i4Pro"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:583
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The Cubox-i series is a set of small, cubical-shaped systems based on the "
"Freescale i.MX6 SoC family. System support for the Cubox-i series is limited "
"to drivers and device-tree information available in the mainline Linux "
"kernel; the Freescale 3.0 kernel series for the Cubox-i is not supported by "
"&debian;. Available drivers in the mainline kernel include serial console, "
"ethernet, USB, MMC/SD-card and display support over HDMI (console and X11). "
"In addition to that, the eSATA port on the Cubox-i4Pro is supported."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:598
#, no-c-format
msgid "Wandboard"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:600
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The Wandboard Quad, Dual and Solo are development boards based on the "
"Freescale i.MX6 Quad SoC. System support is limited to drivers and device-"
"tree information available in the mainline Linux kernel; the wandboard-"
"specific 3.0 and 3.10 kernel series from wandboard.org are not supported by "
"&debian;. The mainline kernel includes driver support for serial console, "
"display via HDMI (console and X11), ethernet, USB, MMC/SD, SATA (Quad only) "
"and analog audio. Support for the other audio options (S/PDIF, HDMI-Audio) "
"and for the onboard WLAN/Bluetooth module is untested or not available in "
"&debian; 9."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:618
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Generally, the ARM multiplatform support in the Linux kernel allows running "
"&d-i; on armhf systems not explicitly listed above, as long as the kernel "
"used by &d-i; has support for the target system's components and a device-"
"tree file for the target is available. In these cases, the installer can "
"usually provide a working installation, but it may not be able to "
"automatically make the system bootable. Doing that in many cases requires "
"device-specific information."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:630
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"When using &d-i; on such systems, you may have to manually make the system "
"bootable at the end of the installation, e.g. by running the required "
"commands in a shell started from within &d-i;."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:639
#, no-c-format
msgid "Platforms no longer supported by Debian/armhf"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:643
#, no-c-format
msgid "EfikaMX"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:644
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The EfikaMX platform (Genesi Efika Smartbook and Genesi EfikaMX nettop) was "
"supported in &debian; 7 with a platform-specific kernel, but is no longer "
"supported from &debian; 8 onwards. The code required to build the formerly "
"used platform-specific kernel has been removed from the upstream Linux "
"kernel source in 2012, so &debian; cannot provide newer builds. Using the "
"armmp multiplatform kernel on the EfikaMX platform would require device-tree "
"support for it, which is currently not available."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:662
#, no-c-format
msgid "Platforms supported by Debian/armel"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:664
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The following platforms are supported by &debian;/armel; they require "
"platform-specific kernels."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:672
#, no-c-format
msgid "Kirkwood"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:673
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Kirkwood is a system-on-chip (SoC) from Marvell that integrates an ARM CPU, "
"Ethernet, SATA, USB, and other functionality in one chip. &debian; currently "
"supports the following Kirkwood based devices:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: ulink
#: hardware.xml:681
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Plug computers (SheevaPlug, GuruPlug, DreamPlug and Seagate FreeAgent "
"DockStar)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:684
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"&url-arm-cyrius-qnap-kirkwood;\">QNAP Turbo Station</ulink> "
"(all TS-11x/TS-12x, HS-210, TS-21x/TS-22x and TS-41x/TS-42x models)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:688
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"LaCie NASes (Network Space v2, Network Space Max v2, Internet Space v2, d2 "
"Network v2, 2Big Network v2 and 5Big Network v2)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:692
#, no-c-format
msgid "OpenRD (OpenRD-Base, OpenRD-Client and OpenRD-Ultimate)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:701 hardware.xml:745
#, no-c-format
msgid "Orion5x"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:702
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Orion is a system-on-chip (SoC) from Marvell that integrates an ARM CPU, "
"Ethernet, SATA, USB, and other functionality in one chip. There are many "
"Network Attached Storage (NAS) devices on the market that are based on an "
"Orion chip. &debian; currently supports the following Orion based devices: "
"<ulink url=\"&url-arm-cyrius-kuroboxpro;\">Buffalo Kurobox</ulink> and "
"<ulink url=\"&url-arm-cyrius-mv2120;\">HP mv2120</ulink>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:716
#, no-c-format
msgid "Versatile"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:717
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The Versatile platform is emulated by QEMU and is therefore a nice way to "
"test and run &debian; on ARM if you don't have real hardware."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:730
#, no-c-format
msgid "Platforms and devices no longer supported by Debian/armel"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:734
#, no-c-format
msgid "IXP4xx"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:735
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Support for the Intel IXP4xx platform has been dropped in &debian; 9. The "
"Linksys NSLU2 device is based on IXP4xx and is therefore no longer supported."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:746
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Support for the D-Link DNS-323 and Conceptronic CH3SNAS devices has been "
"dropped from the Orion5x platform in &debian; 9. The Linux kernel no longer "
"fits into the flash on these devices. Other Orion devices, such as Buffalo "
"Kurobox and HP mv2120, are still supported."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:765 hardware.xml:933 hardware.xml:1376
#, no-c-format
msgid "CPU, Main Boards, and Video Support"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:766
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Complete information concerning supported peripherals can be found at <ulink "
"url=\"&url-hardware-howto;\">Linux Hardware Compatibility HOWTO</ulink>. "
"This section merely outlines the basics."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:774 hardware.xml:877
#, no-c-format
msgid "<title>CPU</title>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:775
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Nearly all x86-based (IA-32) processors still in use in personal computers "
"are supported. This also includes 32-bit AMD and VIA (former Cyrix) "
"processors, and processors like the Athlon XP and Intel P4 Xeon."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:782
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"However, &debian; GNU/Linux &releasename; will <emphasis>not</emphasis> run "
"on 586 (Pentium) or earlier processors."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:788
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If your system has a 64-bit processor from the AMD64 or Intel 64 families, "
"you will probably want to use the installer for the amd64 architecture "
"instead of the installer for the (32-bit) i386 architecture."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:797
#, no-c-format
msgid "I/O Bus"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:798
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The system bus is the part of the motherboard which allows the CPU to "
"communicate with peripherals such as storage devices. Your computer must use "
"the PCI, PCIe, or PCI-X bus. Essentially all personal computers sold in "
"recent years use one of these."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:815
#, no-c-format
msgid "Platforms supported by the &debian; &architecture; port"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:817
#, no-c-format
msgid "&debian; on &arch-title; supports the following platforms:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:823
#, no-c-format
msgid "<term>Cavium Octeon</term>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:825
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Cavium designs a range of 64-bit MIPS Octeon processors which are mainly "
"used in networking devices. Devices with these processors include the "
"Ubiquiti EdgeRouter and the Rhino Labs UTM8."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:834
#, no-c-format
msgid "<term>Loongson 3</term>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:836
#, no-c-format
msgid "Devices based on the Loongson 3A and 3B processors are supported."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:844
#, no-c-format
msgid "<term>MIPS Malta</term>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:846
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This platform is emulated by QEMU and is therefore a nice way to test and "
"run &debian; on MIPS if you don't have the hardware."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:850
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"There are two Malta kernel flavours: 4kc-malta is built for 32-bit "
"processors, and 5kc-malta is built for 64-bit processors."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:858
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"In addition, other boards which contain <phrase arch=\"mips;mipsel"
"\">MIPS32r2 or</phrase> MIPS64r2 based processors should also be able to run "
"&debian;, however kernels for these processors are not built and the "
"&debian; installer does not directly support them."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:866
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Complete information regarding supported mips/mipsel/mips64el machines can "
"be found at the <ulink url=\"&url-linux-mips;\">Linux-MIPS homepage</ulink>. "
"In the following, only the systems supported by the &debian; installer will "
"be covered. If you are looking for support for other subarchitectures, "
"please contact the <ulink url=\"&url-list-subscribe;\"> debian-&arch-"
"listname; mailing list</ulink>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:878
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Some MIPS machines can be operated in both big and little endian mode. "
"<phrase arch=\"mips64el;mipsel\"> For little endian MIPS, please read the "
"documentation for the mipsel and mips64el architectures. </phrase> <phrase "
"arch=\"mips\"> For big endian MIPS, please read the documentation for the "
"mips architecture. </phrase>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:893
#, no-c-format
msgid "Platforms no longer supported by the &debian; &architecture; port"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:894
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Since &debian; Stretch, support for all MIPS processors which do not "
"implement MIPS32 Release 2 have been dropped. Therefore the following "
"platforms supported in Jessie are no longer supported:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:901
#, no-c-format
msgid "Loongson 2E and 2F"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: listitem
#: hardware.xml:902
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"These are the older Loongson processors. Devices based on them include the "
"Fuloong Mini-PC and the Lemote Yeeloong laptop."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:908
#, no-c-format
msgid "SGI IP22"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: listitem
#: hardware.xml:909
#, no-c-format
msgid "This platform includes the SGI machines Indy, Indigo 2 and Challenge S."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:914
#, no-c-format
msgid "SGI IP32"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: listitem
#: hardware.xml:915
#, no-c-format
msgid "This platform is generally known as SGI O2."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:918
#, no-c-format
msgid "Broadcom BCM91250"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: listitem
#: hardware.xml:919
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Development board for Broadcom's SiByte core. Also known by its codename "
"SWARM."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:934
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"For &debian-gnu; &release; only the PMac (Power-Macintosh or PowerMac) and "
"PreP subarchitectures are supported."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:955
#, no-c-format
msgid "Kernel Flavours"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:957
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"There are two flavours of the powerpc kernel in &debian;, based on the CPU "
"type:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:964
#, no-c-format
msgid "powerpc"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:965
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This kernel flavour supports the PowerPC 601, 603, 604, 740, 750, and 7400 "
"processors. All Apple PowerMac machines up to and including the one marketed "
"as G4 use one of these processors."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:975
#, no-c-format
msgid "powerpc-smp"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:976
#, no-c-format
msgid "All Apple PowerMac G4 SMP machines."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:984
#, no-c-format
msgid "power64"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:985
#, no-c-format
msgid "The power64 kernel flavour supports the following CPUs:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:989
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The POWER3 processor is used in older IBM 64-bit server systems: known "
"models include the IntelliStation POWER Model 265, the pSeries 610 and 640, "
"and the RS/6000 7044-170, 7043-260, and 7044-270."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:995
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The POWER4 processor is used in more recent IBM 64-bit server systems: known "
"models include the pSeries 615, 630, 650, 655, 670, and 690."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1000
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Systems using the PPC970 processor (Apple G5, YDL PowerStation, IBM "
"Intellistation POWER 185) are also based on the POWER4 architecture, and use "
"this kernel flavour."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1006
#, no-c-format
msgid "Newer IBM systems using POWER5, POWER6, and POWER7 processors."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1039
#, no-c-format
msgid "Power Macintosh (pmac) subarchitecture"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1041
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Apple (and briefly a few other manufacturers &mdash; Power Computing, for "
"example) made a series of Macintosh computers based on the PowerPC "
"processor. For purposes of architecture support, they are categorized as "
"NuBus (not supported by &debian;), OldWorld, and NewWorld."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1048
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"OldWorld systems are most Power Macintoshes with a floppy drive and a PCI "
"bus. Most 603, 603e, 604, and 604e based Power Macintoshes are OldWorld "
"machines. Those pre-iMac PowerPC models from Apple use a four digit naming "
"scheme, except for the beige colored G3 systems, which are also OldWorld."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1056
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The so called NewWorld PowerMacs are any PowerMacs in translucent colored "
"plastic cases and later models. That includes all iMacs, iBooks, G4 systems, "
"blue colored G3 systems, and most PowerBooks manufactured in and after 1999. "
"The NewWorld PowerMacs are also known for using the <quote>ROM in RAM</"
"quote> system for MacOS, and were manufactured from mid-1998 onwards."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1064
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Specifications for Apple hardware are available at <ulink url=\"http://www."
"info.apple.com/support/applespec.html\">AppleSpec</ulink>, and, for older "
"hardware, <ulink url=\"http://www.info.apple.com/support/applespec.legacy/"
"index.html\">AppleSpec Legacy</ulink>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1080 hardware.xml:1215 hardware.xml:1259 hardware.xml:1292
#, no-c-format
msgid "Model Name/Number"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1081
#, no-c-format
msgid "Generation"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1087
#, no-c-format
msgid "Apple"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1088
#, no-c-format
msgid "iMac Bondi Blue, 5 Flavors, Slot Loading"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1089 hardware.xml:1092 hardware.xml:1095 hardware.xml:1098
#: hardware.xml:1101 hardware.xml:1104 hardware.xml:1107 hardware.xml:1110
#: hardware.xml:1113 hardware.xml:1116 hardware.xml:1119 hardware.xml:1122
#: hardware.xml:1125 hardware.xml:1128 hardware.xml:1131 hardware.xml:1134
#, no-c-format
msgid "NewWorld"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1091
#, no-c-format
msgid "iMac Summer 2000, Early 2001"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1094
#, no-c-format
msgid "iMac G5"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1097
#, no-c-format
msgid "iBook, iBook SE, iBook Dual USB"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1100
#, no-c-format
msgid "iBook2"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1103
#, no-c-format
msgid "iBook G4"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1106
#, no-c-format
msgid "Power Macintosh Blue and White (B&amp;W) G3"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1109
#, no-c-format
msgid "Power Macintosh G4 PCI, AGP, Cube"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1112
#, no-c-format
msgid "Power Macintosh G4 Gigabit Ethernet"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1115
#, no-c-format
msgid "Power Macintosh G4 Digital Audio, Quicksilver"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1118
#, no-c-format
msgid "Power Macintosh G5"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1121
#, no-c-format
msgid "PowerBook G3 FireWire Pismo (2000)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1124
#, no-c-format
msgid "PowerBook G3 Lombard (1999)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1127
#, no-c-format
msgid "PowerBook G4 Titanium"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1130
#, no-c-format
msgid "PowerBook G4 Aluminum"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1133
#, no-c-format
msgid "Xserve G5"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1136
#, no-c-format
msgid "Performa 4400, 54xx, 5500"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1137 hardware.xml:1140 hardware.xml:1143 hardware.xml:1146
#: hardware.xml:1149 hardware.xml:1152 hardware.xml:1155 hardware.xml:1158
#: hardware.xml:1161 hardware.xml:1164 hardware.xml:1167 hardware.xml:1170
#: hardware.xml:1176 hardware.xml:1179 hardware.xml:1185 hardware.xml:1191
#: hardware.xml:1197
#, no-c-format
msgid "OldWorld"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1139
#, no-c-format
msgid "Performa 6360, 6400, 6500"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1142
#, no-c-format
msgid "Power Macintosh 4400, 5400"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1145
#, no-c-format
msgid "Power Macintosh 7200, 7300, 7500, 7600"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1148
#, no-c-format
msgid "Power Macintosh 8200, 8500, 8600"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1151
#, no-c-format
msgid "Power Macintosh 9500, 9600"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1154
#, no-c-format
msgid "Power Macintosh (Beige) G3 Minitower"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1157
#, no-c-format
msgid "Power Macintosh (Beige) Desktop, All-in-One"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1160
#, no-c-format
msgid "PowerBook 2400, 3400, 3500"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1163
#, no-c-format
msgid "PowerBook G3 Wallstreet (1998)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1166
#, no-c-format
msgid "Twentieth Anniversary Macintosh"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1169
#, no-c-format
msgid "Workgroup Server 7250, 7350, 8550, 9650, G3"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1174
#, no-c-format
msgid "Power Computing"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1175
#, no-c-format
msgid "PowerBase, PowerTower / Pro, PowerWave"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1178
#, no-c-format
msgid "PowerCenter / Pro, PowerCurve"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1183
#, no-c-format
msgid "UMAX"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1184
#, no-c-format
msgid "C500, C600, J700, S900"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1189
#, no-c-format
msgid "<entry>APS</entry>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1190
#, no-c-format
msgid "APS Tech M*Power 604e/2000"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1195 hardware.xml:1221
#, no-c-format
msgid "Motorola"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1196
#, no-c-format
msgid "Starmax 3000, 4000, 5000, 5500"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1205
#, no-c-format
msgid "PReP subarchitecture"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1222
#, no-c-format
msgid "Firepower, PowerStack Series E, PowerStack II"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1224
#, no-c-format
msgid "MPC 7xx, 8xx"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1226
#, no-c-format
msgid "MTX, MTX+"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1228
#, no-c-format
msgid "MVME2300(SC)/24xx/26xx/27xx/36xx/46xx"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1230
#, no-c-format
msgid "MCP(N)750"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1234 hardware.xml:1265
#, no-c-format
msgid "IBM RS/6000"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1235
#, no-c-format
msgid "40P, 43P"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1237
#, no-c-format
msgid "Power 830/850/860 (6070, 6050)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1239
#, no-c-format
msgid "6030, 7025, 7043"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1241
#, no-c-format
msgid "p640"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1249
#, no-c-format
msgid "CHRP subarchitecture"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1266
#, no-c-format
msgid "B50, 43P-150, 44P"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1269
#, no-c-format
msgid "Genesi"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1270
#, no-c-format
msgid "Pegasos I, Pegasos II"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1273
#, no-c-format
msgid "Fixstars"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1274
#, no-c-format
msgid "YDL PowerStation"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1282
#, no-c-format
msgid "APUS subarchitecture (unsupported)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1298
#, no-c-format
msgid "Amiga Power-UP Systems (APUS)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: entry
#: hardware.xml:1299
#, no-c-format
msgid "A1200, A3000, A4000"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1307
#, no-c-format
msgid "Nubus PowerMac subarchitecture (unsupported)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1309
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"NuBus systems are not currently supported by &debian;/powerpc. The "
"monolithic Linux/PPC kernel architecture does not have support for these "
"machines; instead, one must use the MkLinux Mach microkernel, which &debian; "
"does not yet support. These include the following: <itemizedlist> "
"<listitem><para> Power Macintosh 6100, 7100, 8100 </para></listitem> "
"<listitem><para> Performa 5200, 6200, 6300 </para></listitem> "
"<listitem><para> Powerbook 1400, 2300, and 5300 </para></listitem> "
"<listitem><para> Workgroup Server 6150, 8150, 9150 </para></listitem> </"
"itemizedlist> A linux kernel for these machines and limited support is "
"available at <ulink url=\"http://nubus-pmac.sourceforge.net/\"></ulink>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1346
#, no-c-format
msgid "Non-PowerPC Macs"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1348
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Macintosh computers using the 680x0 series of processors are <emphasis>not</"
"emphasis> in the PowerPC family but are instead m68k machines. Those models "
"start with <quote>Mac II</quote> series, go on to the <quote>LC</quote> "
"family, then the Centris series, and culminate in the Quadras and Performas. "
"These models usually have a Roman numeral or 3-digit model number such as "
"Mac IIcx, LCIII or Quadra 950."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1357
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This model range started with the Mac II (Mac II, IIx, IIcx, IIci, IIsi, "
"IIvi, IIvx, IIfx), then the LC (LC, LCII, III, III+, 475, 520, 550, 575, "
"580, 630), then the Mac TV, then the Centris (610, 650, 660AV), the Quadra "
"(605, 610, 630, 650, 660AV, 700, 800, 840AV, 900, 950), and finally the "
"Performa 200-640CD."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1365
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"In laptops, it started with the Mac Portable, then the PowerBook 100-190cs "
"and the PowerBook Duo 210-550c (excluding PowerBook 500 which is Nubus, "
"please see the section above)."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1379
#, no-c-format
msgid "Machines"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1382
#, no-c-format
msgid "S822L"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1387
#, no-c-format
msgid "S821L"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1392
#, no-c-format
msgid "S822"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1397
#, no-c-format
msgid "S821"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1402
#, no-c-format
msgid "TYAN GN70-BP010"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1417
#, no-c-format
msgid "zSeries and System z machine types"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1418
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The minimum required z/Architecture processor type is z196. The most current "
"information about IBM's Linux support can be found at the <ulink url="
"\"http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/linux390/development_technical.html"
"\"> Linux on <trademark class=\"registered\">System z</trademark> page on "
"developerWorks</ulink>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1431
#, no-c-format
msgid "PAV and HyperPAV"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1432
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"PAV and HyperPAV are supported transparently, multipathing is not needed to "
"take advantage of these storage system features. Be sure to configure the "
"devices during DASD device selection. The alias devices will not be offered "
"neither for formatting, partitioning nor direct use."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1448
#, no-c-format
msgid "CPU and Main Boards Support"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1449
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Sparc-based hardware is divided into a number of different subarchitectures, "
"identified by one of the following names: sun4, sun4c, sun4d, sun4m, sun4u "
"or sun4v. The following list describes what machines they include and what "
"level of support may be expected for each of them."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:1460
#, no-c-format
msgid "sun4, sun4c, sun4d, sun4m"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1462
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"None of these 32-bit sparc subarchitectures (sparc32) is supported. For a "
"complete list of machines belonging to these subarchitectures, please "
"consult the <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPARCstation"
"\">Wikipedia SPARCstation page</ulink>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1469
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The last &debian; release to support sparc32 was Etch, but even then only "
"for sun4m systems. Support for the other 32-bits subarchitectures had "
"already been discontinued after earlier releases."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:1479
#, no-c-format
msgid "sun4u"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1481
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This subarchitecture includes all 64-bit machines (sparc64) based on the "
"UltraSparc processor and its clones. Most of the machines are well "
"supported, even though for some you may experience problems booting from CD "
"due to firmware or bootloader bugs (this problem may be worked around by "
"using netbooting). Use the sparc64 or sparc64-smp kernel in UP and SMP "
"configurations respectively."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: term
#: hardware.xml:1494
#, no-c-format
msgid "sun4v"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1496
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This is the newest addition to the Sparc family, which includes machines "
"based on the Niagara multi-core CPUs. At the moment such CPUs are only "
"available in T1000 and T2000 servers by Sun, and are well supported. Use the "
"sparc64-smp kernel."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1507
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Note that Fujitsu's SPARC64 CPUs used in PRIMEPOWER family of servers are "
"not supported due to lack of support in the Linux kernel."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1516
#, no-c-format
msgid "Laptops"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1517
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"From a technical point of view, laptops are normal PCs, so all information "
"regarding PC systems applies to laptops as well. Installations on laptops "
"nowadays usually work out of the box, including things like automatically "
"suspending the system on closing the lid and laptop specfic hardware buttons "
"like those for disabling the wifi interfaces (<quote>airplane mode</quote>). "
"Nonetheless sometimes the hardware vendors use specialized or proprietary "
"hardware for some laptop-specific functions which might not be supported. To "
"see if your particular laptop works well with GNU/Linux, see for example the "
"<ulink url=\"&url-x86-laptop;\">Linux Laptop pages</ulink>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1534 hardware.xml:1554 hardware.xml:1576 hardware.xml:1599
#, no-c-format
msgid "Multiple Processors"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1535
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Multiprocessor support &mdash; also called <quote>symmetric multiprocessing</"
"quote> or SMP &mdash; is available for this architecture. Having multiple "
"processors in a computer was originally only an issue for high-end server "
"systems but has become common in recent years nearly everywhere with the "
"introduction of so called <quote>multi-core</quote> processors. These "
"contain two or more processor units, called <quote>cores</quote>, in one "
"physical chip."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1545
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The standard &debian; &release; kernel image has been compiled with SMP "
"support. It is also usable on non-SMP systems without problems."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1556
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Multiprocessor support &mdash; also called <quote>symmetric multiprocessing</"
"quote> or SMP &mdash; is available for this architecture. The standard "
"&debian; &release; kernel image has been compiled with <firstterm>SMP-"
"alternatives</firstterm> support. This means that the kernel will detect the "
"number of processors (or processor cores) and will automatically deactivate "
"SMP on uniprocessor systems."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1565
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Having multiple processors in a computer was originally only an issue for "
"high-end server systems but has become common in recent years nearly "
"everywhere with the introduction of so called <quote>multi-core</quote> "
"processors. These contain two or more processor units, called <quote>cores</"
"quote>, in one physical chip."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1577
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Multiprocessor support &mdash; also called <quote>symmetric multiprocessing</"
"quote> or SMP &mdash; is available for this architecture. However, the "
"standard &debian; &release; kernel image does not support SMP. This should "
"not prevent installation, since the standard, non-SMP kernel should boot on "
"SMP systems; the kernel will simply use only the first CPU."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1586
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"In order to take advantage of multiple processors, you'll have to replace "
"the standard &debian; kernel.<phrase arch=\"linux-any\"> You can find a "
"discussion of how to do this in <xref linkend=\"kernel-baking\"/>. At this "
"time (kernel version &kernelversion;) the way you enable SMP is to select "
"<quote>&smp-config-option;</quote> in the <quote>&smp-config-section;</"
"quote> section of the kernel config.</phrase>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1600
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Multiprocessor support &mdash; also called <quote>symmetric multiprocessing</"
"quote> or SMP &mdash; is available for this architecture, and is supported "
"by a precompiled &debian; kernel image. Depending on your install media, "
"this SMP-capable kernel may or may not be installed by default. This should "
"not prevent installation, since the standard, non-SMP kernel should boot on "
"SMP systems; the kernel will simply use the first CPU."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1610
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"In order to take advantage of multiple processors, you should check to see "
"if a kernel package that supports SMP is installed, and if not, choose an "
"appropriate kernel package."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1616
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"You can also build your own customized kernel to support SMP.<phrase arch="
"\"linux-any\"> You can find a discussion of how to do this in <xref linkend="
"\"kernel-baking\"/>. At this time (kernel version &kernelversion;) the way "
"you enable SMP is to select <quote>&smp-config-option;</quote> in the "
"<quote>&smp-config-section;</quote> section of the kernel config.</phrase>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1627
#, no-c-format
msgid "Graphics Hardware Support"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1628
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"&debian;'s support for graphical interfaces is determined by the underlying "
"support found in X.Org's X11 system, and the kernel. Basic framebuffer "
"graphics is provided by the kernel, whilst desktop environments use X11. "
"Whether advanced graphics card features such as 3D-hardware acceleration or "
"hardware-accelerated video are available, depends on the actual graphics "
"hardware used in the system and in some cases on the installation of "
"additional <quote>firmware</quote> images (see <xref linkend=\"hardware-"
"firmware\"/>)."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1640
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"On modern PCs, having a graphical display usually works out of the box. In "
"very few cases there have been reports about hardware on which installation "
"of additional graphics card firmware was required even for basic graphics "
"support, but these have been rare exceptions. For quite a lot of hardware, "
"3D acceleration also works well out of the box, but there is still some "
"hardware that needs binary blobs to work well."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1651
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Nearly all ARM machines have the graphics hardware built-in, rather than "
"being on a plug-in card. Some machines do have expansion slots which will "
"take graphics cards, but that is a rarity. Hardware designed to be headless "
"with no graphics at all is quite common. Whilst basic framebuffer video "
"provided by the kernel should work on all devices that have graphics, fast "
"3D graphics invariably needs binary drivers to work. The situation is "
"changing quickly but at the time of the &releasename; release free drivers "
"for nouveau (Nvidia Tegra K1 SoC) and freedreno (Qualcomm Snapdragon SoCs) "
"are available in the release. Other hardware needs non-free drivers from 3rd "
"parties."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1665
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Details on supported graphics hardware and pointing devices can be found at "
"<ulink url=\"&url-xorg;\"></ulink>. &debian; &release; ships with X.Org "
"version &x11ver;."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1670
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Most graphics options commonly found on Sparc-based machines are supported. "
"X.org graphics drivers are available for sunbw2, suncg14, suncg3, suncg6, "
"sunleo and suntcx framebuffers, Creator3D and Elite3D cards (sunffb driver), "
"PGX24/PGX64 ATI-based video cards (ati driver), and PermediaII-based cards "
"(glint driver). To use an Elite3D card with X.org you additionally need to "
"install the <classname>afbinit</classname> package, and read the "
"documentation included with it on how to activate the card."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1680
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"It is not uncommon for a Sparc machine to have two graphics cards in a "
"default configuration. In such a case there is a possibility that the Linux "
"kernel will not direct its output to the card initially used by the "
"firmware. The lack of output on the graphical console may then be mistaken "
"for a hang (usually the last message seen on console is 'Booting Linux...'). "
"One possible solution is to physically remove one of the video cards; "
"another option is to disable one of the cards using a kernel boot parameter. "
"Also, if graphical output is not required or desired, serial console may be "
"used as an alternative. On some systems use of serial console can be "
"activated automatically by disconnecting the keyboard before booting the "
"system."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1702
#, no-c-format
msgid "Network Connectivity Hardware"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1703
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Almost any network interface card (NIC) supported by the &arch-kernel; "
"kernel should also be supported by the installation system; drivers should "
"normally be loaded automatically. <phrase arch=\"x86\">This includes most "
"PCI/PCI-Express cards as well as PCMCIA/Express Cards on laptops.</phrase> "
"<phrase arch=\"i386\">Many older ISA cards are supported as well.</phrase>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1713
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This includes a lot of generic PCI cards (for systems that have PCI) and the "
"following NICs from Sun:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1719
#, no-c-format
msgid "Sun LANCE"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1724
#, no-c-format
msgid "Sun Happy Meal"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1729
#, no-c-format
msgid "Sun BigMAC"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1734
#, no-c-format
msgid "Sun QuadEthernet"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1739
#, no-c-format
msgid "MyriCOM Gigabit Ethernet"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1746
#, no-c-format
msgid "The list of supported network devices is:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1751
#, no-c-format
msgid "Channel to Channel (CTC) and ESCON connection (real or emulated)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1756
#, no-c-format
msgid "OSA-2 Token Ring/Ethernet and OSA-Express Fast Ethernet (non-QDIO)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1761
#, no-c-format
msgid "OSA-Express in QDIO mode, HiperSockets and Guest-LANs"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1770
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"On &arch-title;, most built-in Ethernet devices are supported and modules "
"for additional PCI and USB devices are provided."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1775
#, no-c-format
msgid "ISDN is supported, but not during the installation."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1782
#, no-c-format
msgid "Wireless Network Cards"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1783
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Wireless networking is in general supported as well and a growing number of "
"wireless adapters are supported by the official &arch-kernel; kernel, "
"although many of them do require firmware to be loaded."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1790
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If firmware is needed, the installer will prompt you to load firmware. See "
"<xref linkend=\"loading-firmware\"/> for detailed information on how to load "
"firmware during the installation."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1795
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Wireless NICs that are not supported by the official &arch-kernel; kernel "
"can generally be made to work under &debian-gnu;, but are not supported "
"during the installation."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1800
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If there is a problem with wireless and there is no other NIC you can use "
"during the installation, it is still possible to install &debian-gnu; using "
"a full CD-ROM or DVD image. Select the option to not configure a network and "
"install using only the packages available from the CD/DVD. You can then "
"install the driver and firmware you need after the installation is completed "
"(after the reboot) and configure your network manually."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1810
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"In some cases the driver you need may not be available as a &debian; "
"package. You will then have to look if there is source code available in the "
"internet and compile the driver yourself. How to do this is outside the "
"scope of this manual. <phrase arch=\"x86\">If no Linux driver is available, "
"your last resort is to use the <classname>ndiswrapper</classname> package, "
"which allows you to use a Windows driver.</phrase>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1824
#, no-c-format
msgid "Known Issues for &arch-title;"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1825
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"There are a couple of issues with specific network cards that are worth "
"mentioning here."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1832
#, no-c-format
msgid "Conflict between tulip and dfme drivers"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1834
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"There are various PCI network cards that have the same PCI identification, "
"but are supported by related, but different drivers. Some cards work with "
"the <literal>tulip</literal> driver, others with the <literal>dfme</literal> "
"driver. Because they have the same identification, the kernel cannot "
"distinguish between them and it is not certain which driver will be loaded. "
"If this happens to be the wrong one, the NIC may not work, or work badly."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1844
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This is a common problem on Netra systems with a Davicom (DEC-Tulip "
"compatible) NIC. In that case the <literal>tulip</literal> driver is "
"probably the correct one. You can prevent this issue by blacklisting the "
"wrong driver module as described in <xref linkend=\"module-blacklist\"/>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1852
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"An alternative solution during the installation is to switch to a shell and "
"unload the wrong driver module using <userinput>modprobe -r "
"<replaceable>module</replaceable></userinput> (or both, if they are both "
"loaded). After that you can load the correct module using "
"<userinput>modprobe <replaceable>module</replaceable></userinput>. Note that "
"the wrong module may then still be loaded when the system is rebooted."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1865
#, no-c-format
msgid "Sun B100 blade"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1867
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The <literal>cassini</literal> network driver does not work with Sun B100 "
"blade systems."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1882
#, no-c-format
msgid "Braille Displays"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1883
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Support for braille displays is determined by the underlying support found "
"in <classname>brltty</classname>. Most displays work under "
"<classname>brltty</classname>, connected via either a serial port, USB or "
"bluetooth. Details on supported braille devices can be found on the <ulink "
"url=\"&url-brltty;\"><classname>brltty</classname> website</ulink>. &debian-"
"gnu; &release; ships with <classname>brltty</classname> version &brlttyver;."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1897
#, no-c-format
msgid "Hardware Speech Synthesis"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1898
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Support for hardware speech synthesis devices is determined by the "
"underlying support found in <classname>speakup</classname>. "
"<classname>speakup</classname> only supports integrated boards and external "
"devices connected to a serial port (no USB, serial-to-USB or PCI adapters "
"are supported). Details on supported hardware speech synthesis devices can "
"be found on the <ulink url=\"&url-speakup;\"><classname>speakup</classname> "
"website</ulink>. &debian-gnu; &release; ships with <classname>speakup</"
"classname> version &speakupver;."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1918
#, no-c-format
msgid "Peripherals and Other Hardware"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1919
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"&arch-kernel; supports a large variety of hardware devices such as mice, "
"printers, scanners, PCMCIA/CardBus/ExpressCard and USB devices. However, "
"most of these devices are not required while installing the system."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1925
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"USB hardware generally works fine. On some very old PC systems some USB "
"keyboards may require additional configuration (see <xref linkend=\"hardware-"
"issues\"/>). On modern PCs, USB keyboards and mice work without requiring "
"any specific configuration."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1934
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Package installations from XPRAM and tape are not supported by this system. "
"All packages that you want to install need to be available on a DASD or over "
"the network using NFS, HTTP or FTP."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:1947
#, no-c-format
msgid "Devices Requiring Firmware"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1948
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Besides the availability of a device driver, some hardware also requires so-"
"called <firstterm>firmware</firstterm> or <firstterm>microcode</firstterm> "
"to be loaded into the device before it can become operational. This is most "
"common for network interface cards (especially wireless NICs), but for "
"example some USB devices and even some hard disk controllers also require "
"firmware. With many graphics cards, basic functionality is available without "
"additional firmware, but the use of advanced features requires an "
"appropriate firmware file to be installed in the system."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1959
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"On many older devices which require firmware to work, the firmware file was "
"permanently placed in an EEPROM/Flash chip on the device itself by the "
"manufacturer. Nowadays most new devices do not have the firmware embedded "
"this way anymore, so the firmware file must be uploaded into the device by "
"the host operating system every time the system boots."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1967
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"In most cases firmware is non-free according to the criteria used by the "
"&debian-gnu; project and thus cannot be included in the main distribution or "
"in the installation system. If the device driver itself is included in the "
"distribution and if &debian-gnu; legally can distribute the firmware, it "
"will often be available as a separate package from the non-free section of "
"the archive."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1976
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"However, this does not mean that such hardware cannot be used during an "
"installation. Starting with &debian-gnu; 5.0, &d-i; supports loading "
"firmware files or packages containing firmware from a removable medium, such "
"as a USB stick. See <xref linkend=\"loading-firmware\"/> for detailed "
"information on how to load firmware files or packages during the "
"installation."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:1985
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If the &d-i; prompts for a firmware file and you do not have this firmware "
"file available or do not want to install a non-free firmware file on your "
"system, you can try to proceed without loading the firmware. There are "
"several cases where a driver prompts for additional firmware because it may "
"be needed under certain circumstances, but the device does work without it "
"on most systems (this e.g. happens with certain network cards using the tg3 "
"driver)."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:2002
#, no-c-format
msgid "Purchasing Hardware Specifically for GNU/&arch-kernel;"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2004
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"There are several vendors, who ship systems with &debian; or other "
"distributions of GNU/Linux <ulink url=\"&url-pre-installed;\">pre-installed</"
"ulink>. You might pay more for the privilege, but it does buy a level of "
"peace of mind, since you can be sure that the hardware is well-supported by "
"GNU/Linux."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2012
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you do have to buy a machine with Windows bundled, carefully read the "
"software license that comes with Windows; you may be able to reject the "
"license and obtain a rebate from your vendor. Searching the Internet for "
"<quote>windows refund</quote> may get you some useful information to help "
"with that."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2020
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Whether or not you are purchasing a system with &arch-kernel; bundled, or "
"even a used system, it is still important to check that your hardware is "
"supported by the &arch-kernel; kernel. Check if your hardware is listed in "
"the references found above. Let your salesperson (if any) know that you're "
"shopping for a &arch-kernel; system. Support &arch-kernel;-friendly hardware "
"vendors."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:2031
#, no-c-format
msgid "Avoid Proprietary or Closed Hardware"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2032
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Some hardware manufacturers simply won't tell us how to write drivers for "
"their hardware. Others won't allow us access to the documentation without a "
"non-disclosure agreement that would prevent us from releasing the driver's "
"source code, which is one of the central elements of free software. Since we "
"haven't been granted access to usable documentation on these devices, they "
"simply won't work under &arch-kernel;."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2042
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"In many cases there are standards (or at least some de-facto standards) "
"describing how an operating system and its device drivers communicate with a "
"certain class of devices. All devices which comply to such a (de-"
"facto-)standard can be used with a single generic device driver and no "
"device-specific drivers are required. With some kinds of hardware (e.g. USB "
"<quote>Human Interface Devices</quote>, i.e. keyboards, mice, etc., and USB "
"mass storage devices like USB flash disks and memory card readers) this "
"works very well and practically every device sold in the market is standards-"
"compliant."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2054
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"In other fields, among them e.g. printers, this is unfortunately not the "
"case. While there are many printers which can be addressed via a small set "
"of (de-facto-)standard control languages and therefore can be made to work "
"without problems in any operating system, there are quite a few models which "
"only understand proprietary control commands for which no usable "
"documentation is available and therefore either cannot be used at all on "
"free operating systems or can only be used with a vendor-supplied closed-"
"source driver."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2065
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Even if there is a vendor-provided closed-source driver for such hardware "
"when purchasing the device, the practical lifespan of the device is limited "
"by driver availability. Nowadays product cycles have become short and it is "
"not uncommon that a short time after a consumer device has ceased "
"production, no driver updates get made available any more by the "
"manufacturer. If the old closed-source driver does not work anymore after a "
"system update, an otherwise perfectly working device becomes unusable due to "
"lacking driver support and there is nothing that can be done in this case. "
"You should therefore avoid buying closed hardware in the first place, "
"regardless of the operating system you want to use it with."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2078
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"You can help improve this situation by encouraging manufacturers of closed "
"hardware to release the documentation and other resources necessary for us "
"to provide free drivers for their hardware."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:2093
#, no-c-format
msgid "Installation Media"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2095
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This section will help you determine which different media types you can use "
"to install &debian;. There is a whole chapter devoted to media, <xref "
"linkend=\"install-methods\"/>, which lists the advantages and disadvantages "
"of each media type. You may want to refer back to this page once you reach "
"that section."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:2105
#, no-c-format
msgid "CD-ROM/DVD-ROM/BD-ROM"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2107
#, no-c-format
msgid "Installation from optical disc is supported for most architectures."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2111
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"On PCs SATA, IDE/ATAPI, USB and SCSI optical drives are supported, as are "
"FireWire devices that are supported by the ohci1394 and sbp2 drivers."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:2128
#, no-c-format
msgid "USB Memory Stick"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2130
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"USB flash disks a.k.a. USB memory sticks have become a commonly used and "
"cheap storage device. Most modern computer systems also allow booting the &d-"
"i; from such a stick. Many modern computer systems, in particular netbooks "
"and thin laptops, do not have an optical drive anymore at all and booting "
"from USB media is the standard way of installing a new operating system on "
"them."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:2142
#, no-c-format
msgid "Network"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2144
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The network can be used during the installation to retrieve files needed for "
"the installation. Whether the network is used or not depends on the "
"installation method you choose and your answers to certain questions that "
"will be asked during the installation. The installation system supports most "
"types of network connections (including PPPoE, but not ISDN or PPP), via "
"either HTTP or FTP. After the installation is completed, you can also "
"configure your system to use ISDN and PPP."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2154
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"You can also <emphasis>boot</emphasis> the installation system over the "
"network without needing any local media like CDs/DVDs or USB sticks. If you "
"already have a netboot-infrastructure available (i.e. you are already "
"running DHCP and TFTP services in your network), this allows an easy and "
"fast deployment of a large number of machines. Setting up the necessary "
"infrastructure requires a certain level of technical experience, so this is "
"not recommended for novice users. <phrase arch=\"mips;mipsel;mips64el\">This "
"is the preferred installation technique for &arch-title;.</phrase>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2167
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Diskless installation, using network booting from a local area network and "
"NFS-mounting of all local filesystems, is another option."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:2176
#, no-c-format
msgid "Hard Disk"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2178
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Booting the installation system directly from a hard disk is another option "
"for many architectures. This will require some other operating system to "
"load the installer onto the hard disk. This method is only recommended for "
"special cases when no other installation method is available."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2185
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Although the &arch-title; does not allow booting from SunOS (Solaris), you "
"can install from a SunOS partition (UFS slices)."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:2194
#, no-c-format
msgid "Un*x or GNU system"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2196
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you are running another Unix-like system, you could use it to install "
"&debian-gnu; without using the &d-i; described in the rest of this manual. "
"This kind of install may be useful for users with otherwise unsupported "
"hardware or on hosts which can't afford downtime. If you are interested in "
"this technique, skip to the <xref linkend=\"linux-upgrade\"/>. This "
"installation method is only recommended for advanced users when no other "
"installation method is available."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:2209
#, no-c-format
msgid "Supported Storage Systems"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2211
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The &debian; installer contains a kernel which is built to maximize the "
"number of systems it runs on."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2215
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Generally, the &debian; installation system includes support for IDE (also "
"known as PATA) drives, SATA and SCSI controllers and drives, USB, and "
"FireWire. The supported file systems include FAT, Win-32 FAT extensions "
"(VFAT) and NTFS."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2232
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Any storage system supported by the Linux kernel is also supported by the "
"boot system. The following SCSI drivers are supported in the default kernel: "
"<itemizedlist> <listitem><para> Sparc ESP </para></listitem> "
"<listitem><para> PTI Qlogic,ISP </para></listitem> <listitem><para> Adaptec "
"AIC7xxx </para></listitem> <listitem><para> NCR and Symbios 53C8XX </para></"
"listitem> </itemizedlist> IDE systems (such as the UltraSPARC 5) are also "
"supported. See <ulink url=\"&url-sparc-linux-faq;\">Linux for SPARC "
"Processors FAQ</ulink> for more information on SPARC hardware supported by "
"the Linux kernel."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2277
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Any storage system supported by the Linux kernel is also supported by the "
"boot system."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2282
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Any storage system supported by the Linux kernel is also supported by the "
"boot system. This means that FBA and ECKD DASDs are supported with the old "
"Linux disk layout (ldl) and the new common S/390 disk layout (cdl)."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: hardware.xml:2299
#, no-c-format
msgid "Memory and Disk Space Requirements"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2301
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"You must have at least &minimum-memory; of memory and &minimum-fs-size; of "
"hard disk space to perform a normal installation. Note that these are fairly "
"minimal numbers. For more realistic figures, see <xref linkend=\"minimum-"
"hardware-reqts\"/>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: hardware.xml:2308
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Installation on systems with less memory<footnote condition=\"gtk\"> <para> "
"Installation images that support the graphical installer require more memory "
"than images that support only the textual installer and should not be used "
"on systems with less than &minimum-memory; of memory. If there is a choice "
"between booting the text-based and the graphical installer, the former "
"should be selected on such systems. </para> </footnote> or disk space "
"available may be possible but is only advised for experienced users."
msgstr ""