path: root/it/hardware/supported/powerpc.xml

<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking -->
<!-- original version: 38791 -->


  <sect2 arch="powerpc">
  <!-- <title>CPU, Main Boards, and Video Support</title> -->
  <title>CPU, schede madri e video supportate</title>
<para>

<!--
There are four major supported <emphasis>&architecture;</emphasis>
subarchitectures: PMac (Power-Macintosh or PowerMac), PReP, APUS (Amiga
Power-UP System), and CHRP machines. Each subarchitecture has its own boot
methods. In addition, there are four different kernel flavours,
supporting different CPU variants.
-->

Esistono quattro sottoarchitetture principali di
<emphasis>&architecture;</emphasis>: PMac (Power-Macintosh o PowerMac),
PReP, APUS (Amiga Power-UP System) e CHRP. Ciascuna sottoarchitettura ha
il proprio sistema di avvio ed esistono quattro varianti del kernel che
supportano i diversi tipi di CPU.

</para><para>

<!--
Ports to other <emphasis>&architecture;</emphasis> architectures, such
as the Be-Box and MBX architecture, are underway but not yet supported
by Debian. We may have a 64-bit port in the future.
-->

I port su altre architetture <emphasis>&architecture;</emphasis>, come
Be-Box e MBX sono in corso ma ancora non supportati da Debian. In futuro
si potrebbe avere anche un port a 64&nbsp;bit.

</para>

   <sect3>
   <!-- <title>Kernel Flavours</title> -->
   <title>Varianti del kernel</title>
<para>

<!--
There are four flavours of the powerpc kernel in Debian, based on the
CPU type:
-->

In Debian esistono quattro varianti del kernel per powerpc a seconda del
tipo di processore:

<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term>powerpc</term>
<listitem><para>

<!--
Most systems use this kernel flavour, which supports the PowerPC 601,
603, 604, 740, 750, and 7400 processors. All Apple PowerMac machines
up to and including the one marketed as G4 use one of these processors.
-->

La maggior parte dei sistemi usano questa variante del kernel che supporta
i processori PowerPC 601, 603, 604, 740 e 7400. Tutte le macchine Apple
dal PowerMac in poi, comprese quelle commercializzate come G4, usano uno di
questi processori.

</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term>power64</term>
<listitem><para>

<!--
The power64 kernel flavour supports the following CPUs:
-->

La versione del kernel power64 supporta i seguenti processori:

</para><para>

<!--
The POWER3 processor is used in older IBM 64-bit server systems: known
models include the IntelliStation POWER Model 265, the pSeries 610 and
640, and the RS/6000 7044-170, 7043-260, and 7044-270.
-->

Il processore POWER3 è usato nei sistemi server IBM a 64&nbsp;bit più
vecchi; dei modelli che usano questi processori sono l'IntelliStation
POWER Model 265, i pSeries 610 e 640 e gli RS/6000 7044-170, 7043-260 e
7044-270.

</para><para>

<!--
The POWER4 processor is used in more recent IBM 64-bit server systems:
known models include the pSeries 615, 630, 650, 655, 670, and 690.
-->

Il processore POWER4 è usato nei sistemi server IBM a 64&nbsp;bit più
recenti; dei modelli che usano questi processori sono i pSeries 615,
630, 650, 655, 670 e 690.

</para><para>

<!--
Systems using the Apple G5 (PPC970FX processor) are also based on the
POWER4 architecture, and use this kernel flavour.
-->

Anche i sistemi Apple G5 (processore PCC970FX) sono basati sull'architettura
POWER4 e utilizzano questa variante del kernel.

</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term>prep</term>
<listitem><para>

<!--
This kernel flavour supports the PReP subarchitecture.
-->

Questa variante del kernel supporta la sottoarchitettura PReP.

</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term>apus</term>
<listitem><para>

<!--
This kernel flavour supports the Amiga Power-UP System, though it is
currently disabled.
-->

Questa variante del kernel supporta Amiga Power-UP System, tuttavia
attualmente è disabilitata.

</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>

</para>
   </sect3>

   <sect3>
   <!-- <title>Power Macintosh (pmac) subarchitecture</title> -->
   <title>Sottoarchitettura Power Macintosh (pmac)</title>
<para>

<!--
Apple (and briefly a few other manufacturers &mdash; Power Computing, for
example) made a series of Macintosh computers based on the PowerPC
processor. For purposes of architecture support, they are categorized
as NuBus (not supported by Debian), OldWorld, and NewWorld.
-->

Apple (e pochi altri costruttori, per esempio Power Computing) ha realizzato
una serie di computer Macintosh basata sul processore PowerPC. Dal punto
di vista delle architetture supportate queste macchine si dividono in
NuBus (non supportata da Debian), OldWorld e NewWorld.

</para><para>

<!--
OldWorld systems are most Power Macintoshes with a floppy drive and a
PCI bus. Most 603, 603e, 604, and 604e based Power Macintoshes are
OldWorld machines. Those pre-iMac PowerPC models from Apple use a 
four digit naming scheme, except for the beige colored G3 systems, which 
are also OldWorld.
-->

I sistemi OldWorld sono la maggior parte dei Power Macintosh con un lettore
per dischetti e bus PCI. I Power Macintosh basati su 603, 603e, 604 e 604e
sono macchine OldWolrd. Gli Apple precedenti all'iMac PowerPC che hanno come
nome del modello un numero di 4 cifre, eccetto i sistemi G3 di colore beige,
sono degli OldWorld.

</para><para>

<!--
The so called NewWorld PowerMacs are any PowerMacs in translucent
colored plastic cases and later models. That includes all iMacs, iBooks,
G4 systems, blue colored G3 systems, and most PowerBooks manufactured in and
after 1999. The NewWorld PowerMacs are also known for using the <quote>ROM in
RAM</quote> system for MacOS, and were manufactured from mid-1998 onwards.
-->

I così detti PowerMac NewWorld sono tutti i PowerMac con il case in plastica
colorata translucida e i modelli successivi. Questi includono tutti gli iMac,
gli iBooks, i sistemi G4, i sistemi G3 di colore blu e la maggior parte dei
PowerBook costruiti dal 1999. I PowerMac NewWorld fabbricati a partire dalla
metà del 1998 sono conosciuti per l'uso del sistema <quote>ROM in RAM</quote>
per MacOS.

</para><para>

<!--
Specifications for Apple hardware are available at
<ulink url="http://www.info.apple.com/support/applespec.html">AppleSpec</ulink>,
and, for older hardware,
<ulink url="http://www.info.apple.com/support/applespec.legacy/index.html">AppleSpec Legacy</ulink>.
-->

Le specifiche hardware della Apple sono disponibili su <ulink
url="http://www.info.apple.com/support/applespec.html">AppleSpec</ulink>,
e, per l'hardware più vecchio, su <ulink
url="http://www.info.apple.com/support/applespec.legacy/index.html">AppleSpec
Legacy</ulink>.

</para><para>

<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="3">
<colspec colname="c1"/>
<colspec colname="c2"/>
<colspec colname="c3"/>
<thead>
<row>
  <entry namest="c1" nameend="c2"><!-- Model Name/Number -->Nome/Numero
  del modello</entry>
  <entry><!-- Generation -->Generazione</entry>
</row>
</thead>

<tbody>
<row>
  <entry morerows="27">Apple</entry>
  <entry>iMac Bondi Blue, 5 Flavors, Slot Loading</entry>
  <entry>NewWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>iMac Summer 2000, Early 2001</entry>
  <entry>NewWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>iMac G5</entry>
  <entry>NewWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>iBook, iBook SE, iBook Dual USB</entry>
  <entry>NewWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>iBook2</entry>
  <entry>NewWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>iBook G4</entry>
  <entry>NewWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>Power Macintosh Blue and White (B&amp;W) G3</entry>
  <entry>NewWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>Power Macintosh G4 PCI, AGP, Cube</entry>
  <entry>NewWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>Power Macintosh G4 Gigabit Ethernet</entry>
  <entry>NewWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>Power Macintosh G4 Digital Audio, Quicksilver</entry>
  <entry>NewWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>Power Macintosh G5</entry>
  <entry>NewWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>PowerBook G3 FireWire Pismo (2000)</entry>
  <entry>NewWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>PowerBook G3 Lombard (1999)</entry>
  <entry>NewWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>PowerBook G4 Titanium</entry>
  <entry>NewWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>PowerBook G4 Aluminum</entry>
  <entry>NewWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>Xserve G5</entry>
  <entry>NewWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>Performa 4400, 54xx, 5500</entry>
  <entry>OldWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>Performa 6360, 6400, 6500</entry>
  <entry>OldWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>Power Macintosh 4400, 5400</entry>
  <entry>OldWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>Power Macintosh 7200, 7300, 7500, 7600</entry>
  <entry>OldWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>Power Macintosh 8200, 8500, 8600</entry>
  <entry>OldWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>Power Macintosh 9500, 9600</entry>
  <entry>OldWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>Power Macintosh (Beige) G3 Minitower</entry>
  <entry>OldWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>Power Macintosh (Beige) Desktop, All-in-One</entry>
  <entry>OldWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>PowerBook 2400, 3400, 3500</entry>
  <entry>OldWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>PowerBook G3 Wallstreet (1998)</entry>
  <entry>OldWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>Twentieth Anniversary Macintosh</entry>
  <entry>OldWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>Workgroup Server 7250, 7350, 8550, 9650, G3</entry>
  <entry>OldWorld</entry>
</row>

<row>
  <entry morerows="1">Power Computing</entry>
  <entry>PowerBase, PowerTower / Pro, PowerWave</entry>
  <entry>OldWorld</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>PowerCenter / Pro, PowerCurve</entry>
  <entry>OldWorld</entry>
</row>

<row>
  <entry>UMAX</entry>
  <entry>C500, C600, J700, S900</entry>
  <entry>OldWorld</entry>
</row>

<row>
  <entry>APS</entry>
  <entry>APS Tech M*Power 604e/2000</entry>
  <entry>OldWorld</entry>
</row>

<row>
  <entry>Motorola</entry>
  <entry>Starmax 3000, 4000, 5000, 5500</entry>
  <entry>OldWorld</entry>
</row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>

</para>
   </sect3>

   <sect3>
   <!-- <title>PReP subarchitecture</title> -->
   <title>Sottoarchitettura PReP</title>
<para>

<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec colname="c1"/>
<colspec colname="c2"/>
<thead>
<row>
  <entry namest="c1" nameend="c2"><!-- Model Name/Number -->Nome/Numero
  del modello</entry>
</row>
</thead>

<tbody>
<row>
  <entry morerows="4">Motorola</entry>
  <entry>Firepower, PowerStack Series E, PowerStack II</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>MPC 7xx, 8xx</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>MTX, MTX+</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>MVME2300(SC)/24xx/26xx/27xx/36xx/46xx</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>MCP(N)750</entry>
</row>

<row>
  <entry morerows="3">IBM RS/6000</entry>
  <entry>40P, 43P</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>Power 830/850/860 (6070, 6050)</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>6030, 7025, 7043</entry>
</row><row>
  <entry>p640</entry>
</row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>

</para>
   </sect3>

   <sect3>
   <!-- <title>CHRP subarchitecture</title> -->
   <title>Sottoarchitettura CHRP</title>
<para>

<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec colname="c1"/>
<colspec colname="c2"/>
<thead>
<row>
  <entry namest="c1" nameend="c2"><!-- Model Name/Number -->Nome/Numero
  del modello</entry>
</row>
</thead>

<tbody>
<row>
  <entry>IBM RS/6000</entry>
  <entry>B50, 43P-150, 44P</entry>
</row>
<row>
  <entry>Genesi</entry>
  <entry>Pegasos I, Pegasos II</entry>
</row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>

</para>
   </sect3>

   <sect3>
   <!-- <title>APUS subarchitecture</title> -->
   <title>Sottoarchitettura APUS</title>
<para>

<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec colname="c1"/>
<colspec colname="c2"/>
<thead>
<row>
  <entry namest="c1" nameend="c2"><!-- Model Name/Number -->Nome/Numero
  del modello</entry>
</row>
</thead>

<tbody>
<row>
  <entry>Amiga Power-UP Systems (APUS)</entry>
  <entry>A1200, A3000, A4000</entry>
</row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>

</para>
   </sect3>

   <sect3>
   <!-- <title>Nubus PowerMac subarchitecture (unsupported)</title> -->
   <title>Sottoarchitettura PowerMac Nubus (non supportata)</title>
<para>

<!--
NuBus systems are not currently supported by Debian/powerpc. The
monolithic Linux/PPC kernel architecture does not have support for
these machines; instead, one must use the MkLinux Mach microkernel,
which Debian does not yet support. These include the following:
-->

I sistemi NuBus non sono attualmente supportati da Debian/powerpc. Il
kernel monolitico Linux/PPC non supporta queste macchine; al suo posto
si può usare il microkernel MkLinux Mach che però non è supportato da
Debian. Questo tipo di macchine comprende:

<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>

Power Macintosh 6100, 7100, 8100

</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>

Performa 5200, 6200, 6300

</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>

<!--
Powerbook 1400, 2300, and 5300
-->

Powerbook 1400, 2300 e 5300

</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>

Workgroup Server 6150, 8150, 9150

</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>

<!--
A linux kernel for these machines and limited support is available at
<ulink url="http://nubus-pmac.sourceforge.net/"></ulink>.
-->

Un kernel Linux e delle informazioni minime per queste macchine sono
disponibili su <ulink url="http://nubus-pmac.sourceforge.net/"></ulink>.

</para>
   </sect3>

   <sect3>
   <!-- <title>Non-PowerPC Macs</title> -->
   <title>Mac non-PowerPC</title>
<para>

<!--
Macintosh computers using the 680x0 series of processors are
<emphasis>not</emphasis> in the PowerPC family but are instead m68k
machines. Those models start with <quote>Mac II</quote> series, go on
to the <quote>LC</quote> family, then the Centris series, and culminate
in the Quadras and Performas. These models usually have a Roman numeral
or 3-digit model number such as Mac IIcx, LCIII or Quadra 950.
-->

I computer Macintosh che usano uno dei processori della serie 680x0
<emphasis>non</emphasis> appartengono alla famiglia dei PowerPC ma sono
delle macchine m68k. Questi modelli iniziano con la serie
<quote>Mac&nbsp;II</quote>, continuano con la famiglia <quote>LC</quote>,
proseguono con la serie Centris e culminano con i Quadra e i Performa. Di
solito questi modelli hanno come nome del modello un numero romano oppure
un numero di 3 cifre; per esempio Mac IIcx, LCIII o Quadra 950.

</para><para>

<!--
This model range started with the Mac II (Mac II, IIx, IIcx, IIci,
IIsi, IIvi, IIvx, IIfx), then the LC (LC, LCII, III, III+, 475, 520,
550, 575, 580, 630), then the Mac TV, then the Centris (610, 650,
660AV), the Quadra (605, 610, 630, 650, 660AV, 700, 800, 840AV, 900,
950), and finally the Performa 200-640CD.
-->

Questa gamma di modelli inizia con Mac II (Mac II, IIx, IIcx, IIci,
IIsi, IIvi, IIvx, IIfx), prosegue con LC (LC, LCII, III, III+, 475,
520, 550, 575, 580, 630), Mac TV, Centris (610, 650, 660AV), Quadra
(605, 610, 630, 650, 660AV, 700, 800, 840AV, 900, 950) e finisce con
Performa 200-640CD.

</para><para>

<!--
In laptops, it started with the Mac Portable, then the PowerBook
100-190cs and the PowerBook Duo 210-550c (excluding PowerBook 500
which is Nubus, please see the section above).
-->

Per i portatili inizia con Mac Portable, prosegue con PowerBook 100-190cs
e PowerBook Duo 210-550c (a esclusione del PowerBook 500 che è un Nubus,
si veda la sezione precedente).

</para>
   </sect3>
  </sect2>