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Diffstat (limited to 'po/pt/preparing.po')
| -rw-r--r-- | po/pt/preparing.po | 263 |
1 files changed, 257 insertions, 6 deletions
diff --git a/po/pt/preparing.po b/po/pt/preparing.po index 431dceca6..a2a46652b 100644 --- a/po/pt/preparing.po +++ b/po/pt/preparing.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: preparing\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: debian-boot@lists.debian.org\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-05-27 08:42+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-08-03 08:11+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2013-05-25 09:12+0100\n" "Last-Translator: Miguel Figueiredo <elmig@debianpt.org>\n" "Language-Team: Portuguese <kde-i18n-doc@kde.org>\n" @@ -2282,19 +2282,270 @@ msgid "FIXME: more information needed — from a Redbook?" msgstr "FIXME: mais informação necessária — de um Redbook?" #. Tag: title -#: preparing.xml:1463 +#: preparing.xml:1466 +#, no-c-format +msgid "ARM firmware" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: preparing.xml:1468 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"As already mentioned before, there is unfortunately no standard for system " +"firmware on ARM systems. Even the behaviour of different systems which use " +"nominally the same firmware can be quite different. This results from the " +"fact that a large part of the devices using the ARM architecture are " +"embedded systems, for which the manufacturers usually build heavily " +"customized firmware versions and include device-specific patches. " +"Unfortunately the manufacturers often do not submit their changes and " +"extensions back to the mainline firmware developers, so their changes are " +"not integrated into newer versions of the original firmware." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: preparing.xml:1480 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"As a result even newly sold systems often use a firmware that is based on a " +"years-old manufacturer-modified version of a firmware whose mainline " +"codebase has evolved a lot further in the meantime and offers additional " +"features or shows different behaviour in certain aspects. In addition to " +"that, the naming of onboard devices is not consistent between different " +"manufacturer-modified versions of the same firmware, therefore it is nearly " +"impossible to provide usable product-independend instructions for ARM-based " +"systems." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: preparing.xml:1493 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Setting the ethernet MAC address in u-boot" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: preparing.xml:1494 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The MAC address of every ethernet interface should normally be globally " +"unique, and it technically has to be unique within its ethernet broadcast " +"domain. To achieve this, the manufacturer usually allocates a block of MAC " +"addresses from a centrally-administered pool (for which a fee has to be " +"paid) and preconfigures one of these addresses on each item sold." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: preparing.xml:1502 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"In the case of development boards, sometimes the manufacturer wants to avoid " +"paying these fees and therefore provides no globally unique addresses. In " +"these cases the users themselves have to define MAC addresses for their " +"systems. When no MAC address is defined for an ethernet interface, some " +"network drivers generate a random MAC address that can change on every boot, " +"and if this happens, network access would be possible even when the user has " +"not manually set an address, but e.g. assigning semi-static IP addresses by " +"DHCP based on the MAC address of the requesting client would obviously not " +"work reliably." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: preparing.xml:1513 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"To avoid conflicts with existing officially-assigned MAC addresses, there is " +"an address pool which is reserved for so-called <quote>locally administered</" +"quote> addresses. It is defined by the value of two specific bits in the " +"first byte of the address (the article \"MAC address\" in the English " +"language Wikipedia gives a good explanation). In practice this means that e." +"g. any address starting with hexadecimal ca (such as ca:ff:ee:12:34:56) can " +"be used as a locally administered address." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: preparing.xml:1523 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"On systems using u-boot as system firmware, the ethernet MAC address is " +"placed in the <quote>ethaddr</quote> environment variable. It can be checked " +"at the u-boot command prompt with the command <quote>printenv ethaddr</" +"quote> and can be set with the command <quote>setenv ethaddr ca:ff:" +"ee:12:34:56</quote>. After setting the value, the command <quote>saveenv</" +"quote> makes the assignment permanent." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: preparing.xml:1534 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Kernel/Initrd/Device-Tree relocation issues in u-boot" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: preparing.xml:1535 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"On some systems with older u-boot versions there can be problems with " +"properly relocating the Linux kernel, the initial ramdisk and the device-" +"tree blob in memory during the boot process. In this case, u-boot shows the " +"message \"Starting kernel ...\", but the system freezes afterwards without " +"further output. These issues have been solved with newer u-boot versions " +"from v2014.07 onwards." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: preparing.xml:1543 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"If the system has originally used a u-boot version older than v2014.07 and " +"has been upgraded to a newer version later, the problem might still occur " +"even after upgrading u-boot. Upgrading u-boot usually does not modify the " +"existing u-boot environment variables and the fix requires an additional " +"environment variable (bootm_size) to be set, which u-boot does automatically " +"only on fresh installations without existing environment data. It is " +"possible to manually set bootm_size to the new u-boot's default value by " +"running the command \"env default bootm_size; saveenv\" at the u-boot prompt." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: preparing.xml:1554 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Another possibility to circumvent relocation-related problems is to run the " +"command \"setenv fdt_high ffffffff; setenv initrd_high 0xffffffff; saveenv\" " +"at the u-boot prompt to completely disable the relocation of the initial " +"ramdisk and the device-tree blob." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: preparing.xml:1564 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Systems with UEFI firmware" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: preparing.xml:1565 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"UEFI (<quote>Unified Extensible Firmware Interface</quote>) is a new kind of " +"system firmware that is used on many modern systems and is - among other " +"uses - intended to replace the classic PC BIOS." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: preparing.xml:1571 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Currently most PC systems that use UEFI also have a so-called " +"<quote>Compatibility Support Module</quote> (CSM) in the firmware, which " +"provides excatly the same interfaces to an operating system as a classic PC " +"BIOS, so that software written for the classic PC BIOS can be used " +"unchanged. Nonetheless UEFI is intended to one day completely replace the " +"old PC BIOS without being fully backwards-compatible and there are already a " +"few systems with UEFI but without CSM." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: preparing.xml:1581 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"On systems with UEFI there are a few things to take into consideration when " +"installing an operating system. The way the firmware loads an operating " +"system is fundamentally different between the classic BIOS (or UEFI in CSM " +"mode) and native UEFI. One major difference is the way the harddisk " +"partitions get recorded on the harddisk. While the classic BIOS and UEFI in " +"CSM mode use a DOS partition table, native UEFI uses a different " +"partitioning scheme called <quote>GUID Partition Table</quote> (GPT). On a " +"single disk, for all practical purposes only one of the two can be used and " +"in case of a multi-boot setup with different operating systems on one disk, " +"all of them must therefore use the same type of partition table. Booting " +"from a disk with GPT is only possible in native UEFI mode, but using GPT " +"becomes more and more common as hard disk sizes grow, because the classic " +"DOS partition table cannot address disks larger than about 2 Terabytes while " +"GPT allows for by far larger disks. The other major difference between BIOS " +"(or UEFI in CSM mode) and native UEFI is from where boot code is loaded and " +"in which format it has to be, so that different bootloaders are needed for " +"both systems." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: preparing.xml:1601 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The latter becomes important when booting &d-i; on a UEFI system with CSM " +"because &d-i; checks whether it was started on a BIOS- or on a native UEFI " +"system and installs the corresponding bootloader. Normally this simply works " +"but there can be a problem in multi-boot environments. On some UEFI systems " +"with CSM the default boot mode for removable devices can be different from " +"what is actually used when booting from hard disk, so when booting the " +"installer from a USB stick in a different mode from what is used when " +"booting another already installed operating system from the hard disk, the " +"wrong bootloader might be installed and the system might be unbootable after " +"finishing the installation. When choosing the boot device from a firmware " +"boot menu, some systems offer two seperate choices for each device, so that " +"the user can select whether booting shall happen in CSM or in native UEFI " +"mode." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: preparing.xml:1617 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Another UEFI-related topic is the so-called <quote>secure boot</quote> " +"mechanism. Secure boot means a function of UEFI implementations that allows " +"the firmware to only load and execute code that is cryptographically signed " +"with certain keys and thereby blocking any (potentially malicious) boot code " +"that is unsigned or signed with unknown keys. In practice the only key " +"accepted by default on most UEFI systems with secure boot is a key from " +"Microsoft used for signing the Windows bootloader. As the boot code used by " +"&d-i; is not signed by Microsoft, booting the installer requires prior " +"deactivation of secure boot in case it is enabled. Secure boot is often " +"enabled by default on systems that come preinstalled with a 64Bit version of " +"Windows 8 and there is unfortunately no standard where in the UEFI setup it " +"can be disabled. On some systems, the option to disable secure boot is only " +"made visible when a BIOS password has been set by the user, so if you have a " +"system with secure boot enabled, but cannot find an option to disable it, " +"try setting a BIOS password, powercycle the machine and look again for an " +"appropriate option." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: preparing.xml:1639 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Disabling the Windows 8 <quote>fast boot</quote> feature" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: preparing.xml:1640 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Windows 8 offers a feature called \"fast boot\" to cut down the time needed " +"to boot itself. Technically, when this feature is enabled, Windows 8 does " +"not do a real shutdown and a real cold boot afterwards when ordered to shut " +"down, but instead does something resembling a partial suspend to disk to " +"reduce the \"boot\" time. As long as Windows 8 is the only operating system " +"on the machine, this is unproblematic, but it can result in problems and " +"data loss when you have a dual boot setup in which another operating system " +"accesses the same filesystems as Windows 8 does. In that case the real state " +"of the filesystem can be different from what Windows 8 believes it to be " +"after the \"boot\" and this could cause filesystem corruption upon further " +"write accesses to the filesystem. Therefore in a dual boot setup, to avoid " +"filesystem corruption the \"fast boot\" feature has to be disabled within " +"Windows." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: preparing.xml:1658 #, no-c-format msgid "Hardware Issues to Watch Out For" msgstr "Assuntos de Hardware Para Estar Atento" #. Tag: title -#: preparing.xml:1466 +#: preparing.xml:1661 #, no-c-format msgid "USB BIOS support and keyboards" msgstr "Suporte USB da BIOS e teclados" #. Tag: para -#: preparing.xml:1467 +#: preparing.xml:1662 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you have no PS/2-style keyboard, but only a USB model, on some very old " @@ -2313,13 +2564,13 @@ msgstr "" "keyboard support</quote>." #. Tag: title -#: preparing.xml:1480 +#: preparing.xml:1675 #, no-c-format msgid "Display-visibility on OldWorld Powermacs" msgstr "Visibilidade do ecrã em OldWorld Powermacs" #. Tag: para -#: preparing.xml:1482 +#: preparing.xml:1677 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Some OldWorld Powermacs, most notably those with the <quote>control</quote> " |