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diff --git a/po/nn/using-d-i.po b/po/nn/using-d-i.po deleted file mode 100644 index 399b6914c..000000000 --- a/po/nn/using-d-i.po +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3732 +0,0 @@ -# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. -# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR. -# -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -msgstr "" -"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" -"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: debian-boot@lists.debian.org\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-05-05 00:09+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" -"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n" -"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n" -"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" -"Content-Type: application/x-xml2pot; charset=UTF-8\n" -"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:5 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Using the Debian Installer" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:7 -#, no-c-format -msgid "How the Installer Works" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:8 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The Debian Installer consists of a number of special-purpose components to " -"perform each installation task. Each component performs its task, asking the " -"user questions as necessary to do its job. The questions themselves are " -"given priorities, and the priority of questions to be asked is set when the " -"installer is started." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:16 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"When a default installation is performed, only essential (high priority) " -"questions will be asked. This results in a highly automated installation " -"process with little user interaction. Components are automatically run in " -"sequence; which components are run depends mainly on the installation method " -"you use and on your hardware. The installer will use default values for " -"questions that are not asked." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:25 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If there is a problem, the user will see an error screen, and the installer " -"menu may be shown in order to select some alternative action. If there are " -"no problems, the user will never see the installer menu, but will simply " -"answer questions for each component in turn. Serious error notifications are " -"set to priority <quote>critical</quote> so the user will always be notified." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:34 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Some of the defaults that the installer uses can be influenced by passing " -"boot arguments when &d-i; is started. If, for example, you wish to force " -"static network configuration (DHCP is used by default if available), you " -"could add the boot parameter <userinput>netcfg/disable_dhcp=true</" -"userinput>. See <xref linkend=\"installer-args\"/> for available options." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:42 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Power users may be more comfortable with a menu-driven interface, where each " -"step is controlled by the user rather than the installer performing each " -"step automatically in sequence. To use the installer in a manual, menu-" -"driven way, add the boot argument <userinput>priority=medium</userinput>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:50 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If your hardware requires you to pass options to kernel modules as they are " -"installed, you will need to start the installer in <quote>expert</quote> " -"mode. This can be done by either using the <command>expert</command> command " -"to start the installer or by adding the boot argument " -"<userinput>priority=low</userinput>. Expert mode gives you full control over " -"&d-i;." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:59 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The normal installer display is character-based (as opposed to the now more " -"familiar graphical interface). The mouse is not operational in this " -"environment. Here are the keys you can use to navigate within the various " -"dialogs. The <keycap>Tab</keycap> or <keycap>right</keycap> arrow keys move " -"<quote>forward</quote>, and the <keycombo> <keycap>Shift</keycap> " -"<keycap>Tab</keycap> </keycombo> or <keycap>left</keycap> arrow keys move " -"<quote>backward</quote> between displayed buttons and selections. The " -"<keycap>up</keycap> and <keycap>down</keycap> arrow select different items " -"within a scrollable list, and also scroll the list itself. In addition, in " -"long lists, you can type a letter to cause the list to scroll directly to " -"the section with items starting with the letter you typed and use <keycap>Pg-" -"Up</keycap> and <keycap>Pg-Down</keycap> to scroll the list in sections. The " -"<keycap>space bar</keycap> selects an item such as a checkbox. Use " -"&enterkey; to activate choices." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:77 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"S/390 does not support virtual consoles. You may open a second and third ssh " -"session to view the logs described below." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:82 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Error messages and logs are redirected to the fourth console. You can access " -"this console by pressing <keycombo><keycap>Left Alt</keycap><keycap>F4</" -"keycap></keycombo> (hold the left <keycap>Alt</keycap> key while pressing " -"the <keycap>F4</keycap> function key); get back to the main installer " -"process with <keycombo><keycap>Left Alt</keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></" -"keycombo>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:92 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"These messages can also be found in <filename>/var/log/syslog</filename>. " -"After installation, this log is copied to <filename>/var/log/installer/" -"syslog</filename> on your new system. Other installation messages may be " -"found in <filename>/var/log/</filename> during the installation, and " -"<filename>/var/log/installer/</filename> after the computer has been booted " -"into the installed system." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:106 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Components Introduction" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:107 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Here is a list of installer components with a brief description of each " -"component's purpose. Details you might need to know about using a particular " -"component are in <xref linkend=\"module-details\"/>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:118 -#, no-c-format -msgid "main-menu" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:118 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Shows the list of components to the user during installer operation, and " -"starts a component when it is selected. Main-menu's questions are set to " -"priority medium, so if your priority is set to high or critical (high is the " -"default), you will not see the menu. On the other hand, if there is an error " -"which requires your intervention, the question priority may be downgraded " -"temporarily to allow you to resolve the problem, and in that case the menu " -"may appear." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:128 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"You can get to the main menu by selecting the &BTN-GOBACK; button repeatedly " -"to back all the way out of the currently running component." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:137 -#, no-c-format -msgid "localechooser" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:137 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Allows the user to select localization options for the installation and the " -"installed system: language, country and locales. The installer will display " -"messages in the selected language, unless the translation for that language " -"is not complete in which case some messages may be shown in English." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:149 -#, no-c-format -msgid "kbd-chooser" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:149 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Shows a list of keyboards, from which the user chooses the model which " -"matches his own." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:158 -#, no-c-format -msgid "hw-detect" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:158 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Automatically detects most of the system's hardware, including network " -"cards, disk drives, and PCMCIA." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:167 -#, no-c-format -msgid "cdrom-detect" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:167 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Looks for and mounts a Debian installation CD." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:175 -#, no-c-format -msgid "netcfg" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:175 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Configures the computer's network connections so it can communicate over the " -"internet." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:184 -#, no-c-format -msgid "iso-scan" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:184 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Looks for ISO file systems, which may be on a CD-ROM or on the hard drive." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:193 -#, no-c-format -msgid "choose-mirror" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:193 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Presents a list of Debian archive mirrors. The user may choose the source of " -"his installation packages." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:202 -#, no-c-format -msgid "cdrom-checker" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:202 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Checks integrity of a CD-ROM. This way, the user may assure him/herself that " -"the installation CD-ROM was not corrupted." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:211 -#, no-c-format -msgid "lowmem" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:211 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Lowmem tries to detect systems with low memory and then does various tricks " -"to remove unnecessary parts of &d-i; from the memory (at the cost of some " -"features)." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:221 -#, no-c-format -msgid "anna" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:221 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Anna's Not Nearly APT. Installs packages which have been retrieved from the " -"chosen mirror or CD." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:230 -#, no-c-format -msgid "clock-setup" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:230 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Updates the system clock and determines whether the clock is set to UTC or " -"not." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:239 -#, no-c-format -msgid "tzsetup" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:239 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Selects the time zone, based on the location selected earlier." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:247 -#, no-c-format -msgid "partman" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:247 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Allows the user to partition disks attached to the system, create file " -"systems on the selected partitions, and attach them to the mountpoints. " -"Included are also interesting features like a fully automatic mode or LVM " -"support. This is the preferred partitioning tool in Debian." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:259 -#, no-c-format -msgid "partitioner" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:259 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Allows the user to partition disks attached to the system. A partitioning " -"program appropriate to your computer's architecture is chosen." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:269 -#, no-c-format -msgid "partconf" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:269 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Displays a list of partitions, and creates file systems on the selected " -"partitions according to user instructions." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:278 -#, no-c-format -msgid "lvmcfg" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:278 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Helps the user with the configuration of the <firstterm>LVM</firstterm> " -"(Logical Volume Manager)." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:287 -#, no-c-format -msgid "mdcfg" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:287 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Allows the user to setup Software <firstterm>RAID</firstterm> (Redundant " -"Array of Inexpensive Disks). This Software RAID is usually superior to the " -"cheap IDE (pseudo hardware) RAID controllers found on newer motherboards." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:298 -#, no-c-format -msgid "base-installer" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:298 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Installs the most basic set of packages which would allow the computer to " -"operate under Linux when rebooted." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:307 -#, no-c-format -msgid "user-setup" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:307 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Sets up the root password, and adds a non-root user." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:315 -#, no-c-format -msgid "apt-setup" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:315 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Configures apt, mostly automatically, based on what media the installer is " -"running from." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:324 -#, no-c-format -msgid "pkgsel" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:324 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Uses <classname>tasksel</classname> to select and install additional " -"software." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:332 -#, no-c-format -msgid "os-prober" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:332 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Detects currently installed operating systems on the computer and passes " -"this information to the bootloader-installer, which may offer you an ability " -"to add discovered operating systems to the bootloader's start menu. This way " -"the user could easily choose at the boot time which operating system to " -"start." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:344 -#, no-c-format -msgid "bootloader-installer" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:344 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The various bootloader installers each install a boot loader program on the " -"hard disk, which is necessary for the computer to start up using Linux " -"without using a floppy or CD-ROM. Many boot loaders allow the user to choose " -"an alternate operating system each time the computer boots." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:355 -#, no-c-format -msgid "shell" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:355 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Allows the user to execute a shell from the menu, or in the second console." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:364 -#, no-c-format -msgid "save-logs" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:364 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Provides a way for the user to record information on a floppy disk, network, " -"hard disk, or other media when trouble is encountered, in order to " -"accurately report installer software problems to Debian developers later." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:382 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Using Individual Components" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:383 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"In this section we will describe each installer component in detail. The " -"components have been grouped into stages that should be recognizable for " -"users. They are presented in the order they appear during the install. Note " -"that not all modules will be used for every installation; which modules are " -"actually used depends on the installation method you use and on your " -"hardware." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:395 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Setting up Debian Installer and Hardware Configuration" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:396 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Let's assume the Debian Installer has booted and you are facing its first " -"screen. At this time, the capabilities of &d-i; are still quite limited. It " -"doesn't know much about your hardware, preferred language, or even the task " -"it should perform. Don't worry. Because &d-i; is quite clever, it can " -"automatically probe your hardware, locate the rest of its components and " -"upgrade itself to a capable installation system. However, you still need to " -"help &d-i; with some information it can't determine automatically (like " -"selecting your preferred language, keyboard layout or desired network " -"mirror)." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:409 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"You will notice that &d-i; performs <firstterm>hardware detection</" -"firstterm> several times during this stage. The first time is targeted " -"specifically at the hardware needed to load installer components (e.g. your " -"CD-ROM or network card). As not all drivers may be available during this " -"first run, hardware detection needs to be repeated later in the process." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:424 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Check available memory / low memory mode" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:426 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"One of the first things &d-i; does, is to check available memory. If the " -"available memory is limited, this component will make some changes in the " -"installation process which hopefully will allow you to install &debian; on " -"your system." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:433 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The first measure taken to reduce memory consumption by the installer is to " -"disable translations, which means that the installation can only be done in " -"English. Of course, you can still localize the installed system after the " -"installation has completed." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:440 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If that is not sufficient, the installer will further reduce memory " -"consumption by loading only those components essential to complete a basic " -"installation. This reduces the functionality of the installation system. You " -"will be given the opportunity to load additional components manually, but " -"you should be aware that each component you select will use additional " -"memory and thus may cause the installation to fail." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:449 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If the installer runs in low memory mode, it is recommended to create a " -"relatively large swap partition (64–128MB). The swap partition will be " -"used as virtual memory and thus increases the amount of memory available to " -"the system. The installer will activate the swap partition as early as " -"possible in the installation process. Note that heavy use of swap will " -"reduce performance of your system and may lead to high disk activity." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:459 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Despite these measures, it is still possible that your system freezes, that " -"unexpected errors occur or that processes are killed by the kernel because " -"the system runs out of memory (which will result in <quote>Out of memory</" -"quote> messages on VT4 and in the syslog)." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:466 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"For example, it has been reported that creating a big ext3 file system fails " -"in low memory mode when there is insufficient swap space. If a larger swap " -"doesn't help, try creating the file system as ext2 (which is an essential " -"component of the installer) instead. It is possible to change an ext2 " -"partition to ext3 after the installation." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:474 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"It is possible to force the installer to use a higher lowmem level than the " -"one based on available memory by using the boot parameter <quote>lowmem</" -"quote> as described in <xref linkend=\"installer-args\"/>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:489 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Selecting Localization Options" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:491 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"In most cases the first questions you will be asked concern the selection of " -"localization options to be used both for the installation and for the " -"installed system. The localization options consist of language, country and " -"locales." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:498 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The language you choose will be used for the rest of the installation " -"process, provided a translation of the different dialogs is available. If no " -"valid translation is available for the selected language, the installer will " -"default to English." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:505 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The selected country will be used later in the installation process to pick " -"the default timezone and a Debian mirror appropriate for your geographic " -"location. Language and country together will be used to set the default " -"locale for your system and to help select your keyboard." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:512 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"You will first be asked to select your preferred language. The language " -"names are listed in both English (left side) and in the language itself " -"(right side); the names on the right side are also shown in the proper " -"script for the language. The list is sorted on the English names. At the top " -"of the list is an extra option that allows you to select the <quote>C</" -"quote> locale instead of a language. Choosing the <quote>C</quote> locale " -"will result in the installation proceding in English; the installed system " -"will have no localization support as the <classname>locales</classname> " -"package will not be installed." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:524 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you selected a language that is recognized as an official language for " -"more than one country<footnote> <para> In technical terms: where multiple " -"locales exist for that language with differing country codes. </para> </" -"footnote>, you will next be asked to select a country. If you choose " -"<guimenuitem>Other</guimenuitem> at the bottom of the list, you will be " -"presented with a list of all countries, grouped by continent. If the " -"language has only one country associated with it, that country will be " -"selected automatically." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:542 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"A default locale will be selected based on the selected language and " -"country. If you are installing at medium or low priority, you will have the " -"option of selecting a different default locale and of selecting additional " -"locales to be generated for the installed system." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:557 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Choosing a Keyboard" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:559 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Keyboards are often tailored to the characters used in a language. Select a " -"layout that conforms to the keyboard you are using, or select something " -"close if the keyboard layout you want isn't represented. Once the system " -"installation is complete, you'll be able to select a keyboard layout from a " -"wider range of choices (run <command>kbdconfig</command> as root after you " -"have completed the installation)." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:569 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Move the highlight to the keyboard selection you desire and press " -"&enterkey;. Use the arrow keys to move the highlight — they are in the " -"same place in all national language keyboard layouts, so they are " -"independent of the keyboard configuration. An 'extended' keyboard is one " -"with <keycap>F1</keycap> through <keycap>F10</keycap> keys along the top row." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:578 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"On DECstations there is currently no loadable keymap available, so you have " -"to skip the keyboard selection and keep the default kernel keymap (LK201 " -"US). This may change in the future as it depends on further Linux/MIPS " -"kernel development." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:585 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"There are two keyboard layouts for US keyboards; the qwerty/mac-usb-us " -"(Apple USB) layout will place the Alt function on the <keycap>Command/Apple</" -"keycap> key (in the keyboard position next to the <keycap>space</keycap> key " -"similar to <keycap>Alt</keycap> on PC keyboards), while the qwerty/us " -"(Standard) layout will place the Alt function on the <keycap>Option</keycap> " -"key (engraved with 'alt' on most Mac keyboards). In other respects the two " -"layouts are similar." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:615 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Looking for the Debian Installer ISO Image" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:616 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"When installing via the <emphasis>hd-media</emphasis> method, there will be " -"a moment where you need to find and mount the Debian Installer iso image in " -"order to get the rest of the installation files. The component <command>iso-" -"scan</command> does exactly this." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:623 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"At first, <command>iso-scan</command> automatically mounts all block devices " -"(e.g. partitions) which have some known filesystem on them and sequentially " -"searches for filenames ending with <filename>.iso</filename> (or <filename>." -"ISO</filename> for that matter). Beware that the first attempt scans only " -"files in the root directory and in the first level of subdirectories (i.e. " -"it finds <filename>/<replaceable>whatever</replaceable>.iso</filename>, " -"<filename>/data/<replaceable>whatever</replaceable>.iso</filename>, but not " -"<filename>/data/tmp/<replaceable>whatever</replaceable>.iso</filename>). " -"After an iso image has been found, <command>iso-scan</command> checks its " -"content to determine if the image is a valid Debian iso image or not. In the " -"former case we are done, in the latter <command>iso-scan</command> seeks for " -"another image." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:640 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"In case the previous attempt to find an installer iso image fails, " -"<command>iso-scan</command> will ask you whether you would like to perform a " -"more thorough search. This pass doesn't just look into the topmost " -"directories, but really traverses whole filesystem." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:647 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If <command>iso-scan</command> does not discover your installer iso image, " -"reboot back to your original operating system and check if the image is " -"named correctly (ending in <filename>.iso</filename>), if it is placed on a " -"filesystem recognizable by &d-i;, and if it is not corrupted (verify the " -"checksum). Experienced Unix users could do this without rebooting on the " -"second console." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:668 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Configuring the Network" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:670 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"As you enter this step, if the system detects that you have more than one " -"network device, you'll be asked to choose which device will be your " -"<emphasis>primary</emphasis> network interface, i.e. the one which you want " -"to use for installation. The other interfaces won't be configured at this " -"time. You may configure additional interfaces after installation is " -"complete; see the <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>interfaces</refentrytitle> " -"<manvolnum>5</manvolnum> </citerefentry> man page." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:681 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"By default, &d-i; tries to configure your computer's network automatically " -"via DHCP. If the DHCP probe succeeds, you are done. If the probe fails, it " -"may be caused by many factors ranging from unplugged network cable, to a " -"misconfigured DHCP setup. Or maybe you don't have a DHCP server in your " -"local network at all. For further explanation, check the error messages on " -"the fourth console. In any case, you will be asked if you want to retry, or " -"if you want to perform a manual setup. DHCP servers are sometimes really " -"slow in their responses, so if you are sure everything is in place, try " -"again." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:693 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The manual network setup in turn asks you a number of questions about your " -"network, notably <computeroutput>IP address</computeroutput>, " -"<computeroutput>Netmask</computeroutput>, <computeroutput>Gateway</" -"computeroutput>, <computeroutput>Name server addresses</computeroutput>, and " -"a <computeroutput>Hostname</computeroutput>. Moreover, if you have a " -"wireless network interface, you will be asked to provide your " -"<computeroutput>Wireless ESSID</computeroutput> and a <computeroutput>WEP " -"key</computeroutput>. Fill in the answers from <xref linkend=\"needed-info\"/" -">." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:707 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Some technical details you might, or might not, find handy: the program " -"assumes the network IP address is the bitwise-AND of your system's IP " -"address and your netmask. The default broadcast address is calculated as the " -"bitwise OR of your system's IP address with the bitwise negation of the " -"netmask. It will also guess your gateway. If you can't find any of these " -"answers, use the offered defaults — if necessary, you can change them " -"by editing <filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename> once the system has " -"been installed." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:752 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Configuring the Clock" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:754 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The installer will first attempt to connect to a time server on the Internet " -"(using the <firstterm>NTP</firstterm> protocol) in order to correctly set " -"the system time. If this does not succeed, the installer will assume the " -"time and date obtained from the system clock when the installation system " -"was booted are correct. It is not possible to manually set the system time " -"during the installation process." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:772 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Depending on the location selected earlier in the installation process, you " -"may be shown a list of timezones relevant for that location. If your " -"location has only one time zone, you will not be asked anything and the " -"system will assume that time zone." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:779 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If for some reason you wish to set a time zone for the installed system that " -"does <emphasis>not</emphasis> match the selected location, there are two " -"options." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:790 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The simplest option is to just select a different timezone after the " -"installation has been completed and you've booted into the new system. The " -"command to do this is:" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: screen -#: using-d-i.xml:796 -#, no-c-format -msgid "# dpkg-reconfigure tzdata" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:802 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Alternatively, the time zone can be set at the very start of the " -"installation by passing the parameter <userinput>time/" -"zone=<replaceable>value</replaceable></userinput> when you boot the " -"installation system. The value should of course be a valid time zone, for " -"example <userinput>Europe/London</userinput> or <userinput>UTC</userinput>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:816 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"For automated installations the time zone can also be set using preseeding." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:829 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Partitioning and Mount Point Selection" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:830 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"At this time, after hardware detection has been executed a final time, &d-i; " -"should be at its full strength, customized for the user's needs and ready to " -"do some real work. As the title of this section indicates, the main task of " -"the next few components lies in partitioning your disks, creating " -"filesystems, assigning mountpoints and optionally configuring closely " -"related options like RAID, LVM or encrypted devices." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:851 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you are uncomfortable with partitioning, or just want to know more " -"details, see <xref linkend=\"partitioning\"/>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:857 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If a hard disk has previously used under Solaris, the partitioner may not " -"detect the size of the drive correctly. Creating a new partition table does " -"not fix this issue. What does help, is to <quote>zero</quote> the first few " -"sectors of the drive: <informalexample><screen>\n" -"# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/hd<replaceable>X</replaceable> bs=512 count=2; " -"sync\n" -"</screen></informalexample> Note that this will make any existing data on " -"that disk inaccessible." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:870 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"First you will be given the opportunity to automatically partition either an " -"entire drive, or available free space on a drive. This is also called " -"<quote>guided</quote> partitioning. If you do not want to autopartition, " -"choose <guimenuitem>Manual</guimenuitem> from the menu." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:880 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Guided Partitioning" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:881 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you choose guided partitioning, you may have three options: to create " -"partitions directly on the hard disk (classic method), or to create them " -"using Logical Volume Management (LVM), or to create them using encrypted " -"LVM<footnote> <para> The installer will encrypt the LVM volume group using a " -"256 bit AES key and makes use of the kernel's <quote>dm-crypt</quote> " -"support. </para> </footnote>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:896 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The option to use (encrypted) LVM may not be available on all architectures." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:901 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"When using LVM or encrypted LVM, the installer will create most partitions " -"inside one big partition; the advantage of this method is that partitions " -"inside this big partition can be resized relatively easily later. In the " -"case of encrypted LVM the big partition will not be readable without knowing " -"a special key phrase, thus providing extra security of your (personal) data." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:910 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"When using encrypted LVM, the installer will also automatically erase the " -"disk by writing random data to it. This further improves security (as it " -"makes it impossible to tell which parts of the disk are in use and also " -"makes sure that any traces of previous installations are erased), but may " -"take some time depending on the size of your disk." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:919 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you choose guided partitioning using LVM or encrypted LVM, some changes " -"in the partition table will need to be written to the selected disk while " -"LVM is being set up. These changes effectively erase all data that is " -"currently on the selected hard disk and you will not be able to undo them " -"later. However, the installer will ask you to confirm these changes before " -"they are written to disk." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:929 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you choose guided partitioning (either classic or using (encrypted) LVM) " -"for a whole disk, you will first be asked to select the disk you want to " -"use. Check that all your disks are listed and, if you have several disks, " -"make sure you select the correct one. The order they are listed in may " -"differ from what you are used to. The size of the disks may help to identify " -"them." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:938 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Any data on the disk you select will eventually be lost, but you will always " -"be asked to confirm any changes before they are written to the disk. If you " -"have selected the classic method of partitioning, you will be able to undo " -"any changes right until the end; when using (encrypted) LVM this is not " -"possible." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:946 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Next, you will be able to choose from the schemes listed in the table below. " -"All schemes have their pros and cons, some of which are discussed in <xref " -"linkend=\"partitioning\"/>. If you are unsure, choose the first one. Bear in " -"mind that guided partitioning needs a certain minimal amount of free space " -"to operate with. If you don't give it at least about 1GB of space (depends " -"on chosen scheme), guided partitioning will fail." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:962 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Partitioning scheme" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:963 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Minimum space" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:964 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Created partitions" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:970 -#, no-c-format -msgid "All files in one partition" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:971 -#, no-c-format -msgid "600MB" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:972 -#, no-c-format -msgid "<filename>/</filename>, swap" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:974 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Separate /home partition" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:975 -#, no-c-format -msgid "500MB" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:976 -#, no-c-format -msgid "<filename>/</filename>, <filename>/home</filename>, swap" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:980 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Separate /home, /usr, /var and /tmp partitions" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:981 -#, no-c-format -msgid "<entry>1GB</entry>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:982 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"<filename>/</filename>, <filename>/home</filename>, <filename>/usr</" -"filename>, <filename>/var</filename>, <filename>/tmp</filename>, swap" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:991 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you choose guided partitioning using (encrypted) LVM, the installer will " -"also create a separate <filename>/boot</filename> partition. The other " -"partitions, including the swap partition, will be created inside the LVM " -"partition." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:997 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you choose guided partitioning for your IA-64 system, there will be an " -"additional partition, formatted as a FAT16 bootable filesystem, for the EFI " -"boot loader. There is also an additional menu item in the formatting menu to " -"manually set up a partition as an EFI boot partition." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1005 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you choose guided partitioning for your Alpha system, an additional, " -"unformatted partition will be allocated at the beginning of your disk to " -"reserve this space for the aboot boot loader." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1011 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"After selecting a scheme, the next screen will show your new partition " -"table, including information on whether and how partitions will be formatted " -"and where they will be mounted." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1017 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The list of partitions might look like this: <informalexample><screen>\n" -" IDE1 master (hda) - 6.4 GB WDC AC36400L\n" -" #1 primary 16.4 MB B f ext2 /boot\n" -" #2 primary 551.0 MB swap swap\n" -" #3 primary 5.8 GB ntfs\n" -" pri/log 8.2 MB FREE SPACE\n" -"\n" -" IDE1 slave (hdb) - 80.0 GB ST380021A\n" -" #1 primary 15.9 MB ext3\n" -" #2 primary 996.0 MB fat16\n" -" #3 primary 3.9 GB xfs /home\n" -" #5 logical 6.0 GB f ext3 /\n" -" #6 logical 1.0 GB f ext3 /var\n" -" #7 logical 498.8 MB ext3\n" -" #8 logical 551.5 MB swap swap\n" -" #9 logical 65.8 GB ext2\n" -"</screen></informalexample> This example shows two IDE harddrives divided " -"into several partitions; the first disk has some free space. Each partition " -"line consists of the partition number, its type, size, optional flags, file " -"system, and mountpoint (if any). Note: this particular setup cannot be " -"created using guided partitioning but it does show possible variation that " -"can be achieved using manual partitioning." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1030 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"This concludes the guided partitioning. If you are satisfied with the " -"generated partition table, you can choose <guimenuitem>Finish partitioning " -"and write changes to disk</guimenuitem> from the menu to implement the new " -"partition table (as described at the end of this section). If you are not " -"happy, you can choose to <guimenuitem>Undo changes to partitions</" -"guimenuitem> and run guided partitioning again, or modify the proposed " -"changes as described below for manual partitioning." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:1044 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Manual Partitioning" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1045 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"A similar screen to the one shown just above will be displayed if you choose " -"manual partitioning except that your existing partition table will be shown " -"and without the mount points. How to manually setup your partition table and " -"the usage of partitions by your new Debian system will be covered in the " -"remainder of this section." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1053 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you select a pristine disk which has neither partitions nor free space on " -"it, you will be asked if a new partition table should be created (this is " -"needed so you can create new partitions). After this, a new line entitled " -"<quote>FREE SPACE</quote> should appear in the table under the selected disk." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1061 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you select some free space, you will have the opportunity to create a new " -"partition. You will have to answer a quick series of questions about its " -"size, type (primary or logical), and location (beginning or end of the free " -"space). After this, you will be presented with a detailed overview of your " -"new partition. The main setting is <guimenuitem>Use as:</guimenuitem>, which " -"determines if the partition will have a file system on it, or be used for " -"swap, software RAID, LVM, an encrypted file system, or not be used at all. " -"Other settings include mountpoint, mount options, and bootable flag; which " -"settings are shown depends on how the partition is to be used. If you don't " -"like the preselected defaults, feel free to change them to your liking. E.g. " -"by selecting the option <guimenuitem>Use as:</guimenuitem>, you can choose a " -"different filesystem for this partition, including options to use the " -"partition for swap, software RAID, LVM, or not use it at all. Another nice " -"feature is the ability to copy data from an existing partition onto this " -"one. When you are satisfied with your new partition, select " -"<guimenuitem>Done setting up the partition</guimenuitem> and you will return " -"to <command>partman</command>'s main screen." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1083 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you decide you want to change something about your partition, simply " -"select the partition, which will bring you to the partition configuration " -"menu. This is the same screen as is used when creating a new partition, so " -"you can change the same settings. One thing that may not be very obvious at " -"a first glance is that you can resize the partition by selecting the item " -"displaying the size of the partition. Filesystems known to work are at least " -"fat16, fat32, ext2, ext3 and swap. This menu also allows you to delete a " -"partition." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1094 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Be sure to create at least two partitions: one for the <emphasis>root</" -"emphasis> filesystem (which must be mounted as <filename>/</filename>) and " -"one for <emphasis>swap</emphasis>. If you forget to mount the root " -"filesystem, <command>partman</command> won't let you continue until you " -"correct this issue." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1102 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you forget to select and format an EFI boot partition, <command>partman</" -"command> will detect this and will not let you continue until you allocate " -"one." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1108 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Capabilities of <command>partman</command> can be extended with installer " -"modules, but are dependent on your system's architecture. So if you can't " -"see all promised goodies, check if you have loaded all required modules (e." -"g. <filename>partman-ext3</filename>, <filename>partman-xfs</filename>, or " -"<filename>partman-lvm</filename>)." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1116 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"After you are satisfied with partitioning, select <guimenuitem>Finish " -"partitioning and write changes to disk</guimenuitem> from the partitioning " -"menu. You will be presented with a summary of changes made to the disks and " -"asked to confirm that the filesystems should be created as requested." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:1144 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Configuring Multidisk Devices (Software RAID)" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1145 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you have more than one harddrive<footnote><para> To be honest, you can " -"construct MD device even from partitions residing on single physical drive, " -"but that won't bring you anything useful. </para></footnote> in your " -"computer, you can use <command>mdcfg</command> to setup your drives for " -"increased performance and/or better reliability of your data. The result is " -"called <firstterm>Multidisk Device</firstterm> (or after its most famous " -"variant <firstterm>software RAID</firstterm>)." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1159 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"MD is basically a bunch of partitions located on different disks and " -"combined together to form a <emphasis>logical</emphasis> device. This device " -"can then be used like an ordinary partition (i.e. in <command>partman</" -"command> you can format it, assign a mountpoint, etc.)." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1167 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"What benefits this brings depends on the type of MD device you are creating. " -"Currently supported are: <variablelist> <varlistentry> <term>RAID0</" -"term><listitem><para> Is mainly aimed at performance. RAID0 splits all " -"incoming data into <firstterm>stripes</firstterm> and distributes them " -"equally over each disk in the array. This can increase the speed of read/" -"write operations, but when one of the disks fails, you will lose " -"<emphasis>everything</emphasis> (part of the information is still on the " -"healthy disk(s), the other part <emphasis>was</emphasis> on the failed " -"disk). </para><para> The typical use for RAID0 is a partition for video " -"editing. </para></listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> <term>RAID1</" -"term><listitem><para> Is suitable for setups where reliability is the first " -"concern. It consists of several (usually two) equally-sized partitions where " -"every partition contains exactly the same data. This essentially means three " -"things. First, if one of your disks fails, you still have the data mirrored " -"on the remaining disks. Second, you can use only a fraction of the available " -"capacity (more precisely, it is the size of the smallest partition in the " -"RAID). Third, file-reads are load-balanced among the disks, which can " -"improve performance on a server, such as a file server, that tends to be " -"loaded with more disk reads than writes. </para><para> Optionally you can " -"have a spare disk in the array which will take the place of the failed disk " -"in the case of failure. </para></listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> " -"<term>RAID5</term><listitem><para> Is a good compromise between speed, " -"reliability and data redundancy. RAID5 splits all incoming data into stripes " -"and distributes them equally on all but one disk (similar to RAID0). Unlike " -"RAID0, RAID5 also computes <firstterm>parity</firstterm> information, which " -"gets written on the remaining disk. The parity disk is not static (that " -"would be called RAID4), but is changing periodically, so the parity " -"information is distributed equally on all disks. When one of the disks " -"fails, the missing part of information can be computed from remaining data " -"and its parity. RAID5 must consist of at least three active partitions. " -"Optionally you can have a spare disk in the array which will take the place " -"of the failed disk in the case of failure. </para><para> As you can see, " -"RAID5 has a similar degree of reliability to RAID1 while achieving less " -"redundancy. On the other hand, it might be a bit slower on write operations " -"than RAID0 due to computation of parity information. </para></listitem> </" -"varlistentry> </variablelist> To sum it up:" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:1245 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Type" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:1246 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Minimum Devices" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:1247 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Spare Device" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:1248 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Survives disk failure?" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:1249 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Available Space" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:1255 -#, no-c-format -msgid "RAID0" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:1256 using-d-i.xml:1264 -#, no-c-format -msgid "<entry>2</entry>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:1257 using-d-i.xml:1258 -#, no-c-format -msgid "<entry>no</entry>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:1259 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Size of the smallest partition multiplied by number of devices in RAID" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:1263 -#, no-c-format -msgid "RAID1" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:1265 using-d-i.xml:1273 -#, no-c-format -msgid "optional" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:1266 using-d-i.xml:1274 -#, no-c-format -msgid "<entry>yes</entry>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:1267 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Size of the smallest partition in RAID" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:1271 -#, no-c-format -msgid "RAID5" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:1272 -#, no-c-format -msgid "<entry>3</entry>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: entry -#: using-d-i.xml:1275 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Size of the smallest partition multiplied by (number of devices in RAID " -"minus one)" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1283 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you want to know more about Software RAID, have a look at <ulink url=" -"\"&url-software-raid-howto;\">Software RAID HOWTO</ulink>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1288 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"To create a MD device, you need to have the desired partitions it should " -"consist of marked for use in a RAID. (This is done in <command>partman</" -"command> in the <guimenu>Partition settings</guimenu> menu where you should " -"select <menuchoice> <guimenu>Use as:</guimenu> <guimenuitem>physical volume " -"for RAID</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>.)" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1297 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Make sure that the system can be booted with the partitioning scheme you are " -"planning. In general it will be necessary to create a separate file system " -"for <filename>/boot</filename> when using RAID for the root (<filename>/</" -"filename>) file system. Most boot loaders <phrase arch=\"x86\">(including " -"lilo and grub)</phrase> do support mirrored (not striped!) RAID1, so using " -"for example RAID5 for <filename>/</filename> and RAID1 for <filename>/boot</" -"filename> can be an option." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1309 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Support for MD is a relatively new addition to the installer. You may " -"experience problems for some RAID levels and in combination with some " -"bootloaders if you try to use MD for the root (<filename>/</filename>) file " -"system. For experienced users, it may be possible to work around some of " -"these problems by executing some configuration or installation steps " -"manually from a shell." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1318 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Next, you should choose <guimenuitem>Configure software RAID</guimenuitem> " -"from the main <command>partman</command> menu. (The menu will only appear " -"after you mark at least one partition for use as <guimenuitem>physical " -"volume for RAID</guimenuitem>.) On the first screen of <command>mdcfg</" -"command> simply select <guimenuitem>Create MD device</guimenuitem>. You will " -"be presented with a list of supported types of MD devices, from which you " -"should choose one (e.g. RAID1). What follows depends on the type of MD you " -"selected." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1331 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"RAID0 is simple — you will be issued with the list of available RAID " -"partitions and your only task is to select the partitions which will form " -"the MD." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1338 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"RAID1 is a bit more tricky. First, you will be asked to enter the number of " -"active devices and the number of spare devices which will form the MD. Next, " -"you need to select from the list of available RAID partitions those that " -"will be active and then those that will be spare. The count of selected " -"partitions must be equal to the number provided few seconds ago. Don't " -"worry. If you make a mistake and select different number of partitions, the " -"&d-i; won't let you continue until you correct the issue." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1350 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"RAID5 has a similar setup procedure as RAID1 with the exception that you " -"need to use at least <emphasis>three</emphasis> active partitions." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1358 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"It is perfectly possible to have several types of MD at once. For example, " -"if you have three 200 GB hard drives dedicated to MD, each containing two " -"100 GB partitions, you can combine the first partitions on all three disks " -"into the RAID0 (fast 300 GB video editing partition) and use the other three " -"partitions (2 active and 1 spare) for RAID1 (quite reliable 100 GB partition " -"for <filename>/home</filename>)." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1367 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"After you setup MD devices to your liking, you can <guimenuitem>Finish</" -"guimenuitem> <command>mdcfg</command> to return back to the " -"<command>partman</command> to create filesystems on your new MD devices and " -"assign them the usual attributes like mountpoints." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:1382 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Configuring the Logical Volume Manager (LVM)" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1383 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you are working with computers at the level of system administrator or " -"<quote>advanced</quote> user, you have surely seen the situation where some " -"disk partition (usually the most important one) was short on space, while " -"some other partition was grossly underused and you had to manage this " -"situation with moving stuff around, symlinking, etc." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1391 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"To avoid the described situation you can use Logical Volume Manager (LVM). " -"Simply said, with LVM you can combine your partitions (<firstterm>physical " -"volumes</firstterm> in LVM lingo) to form a virtual disk (so called " -"<firstterm>volume group</firstterm>), which can then be divided into virtual " -"partitions (<firstterm>logical volumes</firstterm>). The point is that " -"logical volumes (and of course underlying volume groups) can span across " -"several physical disks." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1401 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Now when you realize you need more space for your old 160GB <filename>/home</" -"filename> partition, you can simply add a new 300GB disk to the computer, " -"join it with your existing volume group and then resize the logical volume " -"which holds your <filename>/home</filename> filesystem and voila — " -"your users have some room again on their renewed 460GB partition. This " -"example is of course a bit oversimplified. If you haven't read it yet, you " -"should consult the <ulink url=\"&url-lvm-howto;\">LVM HOWTO</ulink>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1412 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"LVM setup in &d-i; is quite simple and completely supported inside " -"<command>partman</command>. First, you have to mark the partition(s) to be " -"used as physical volumes for LVM. This is done in the <guimenu>Partition " -"settings</guimenu> menu where you should select <menuchoice> <guimenu>Use as:" -"</guimenu> <guimenuitem>physical volume for LVM</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1421 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"When you return to the main <command>partman</command> screen, you will see " -"a new option <guimenuitem>Configure the Logical Volume Manager</" -"guimenuitem>. When you select that, you will first be asked to confirm " -"pending changes to the partition table (if any) and after that the LVM " -"configuration menu will be shown. Above the menu a summary of the LVM " -"configuration is shown. The menu itself is context sensitive and only shows " -"valid actions. The possible actions are:" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1432 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"<guimenuitem>Display configuration details</guimenuitem>: shows LVM device " -"structure, names and sizes of logical volumes and more" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: guimenuitem -#: using-d-i.xml:1437 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Create volume group" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: guimenuitem -#: using-d-i.xml:1440 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Create logical volume" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: guimenuitem -#: using-d-i.xml:1443 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Delete volume group" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: guimenuitem -#: using-d-i.xml:1446 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Delete logical volume" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: guimenuitem -#: using-d-i.xml:1449 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Extend volume group" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: guimenuitem -#: using-d-i.xml:1452 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Reduce volume group" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1454 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"<guimenuitem>Finish</guimenuitem>: return to the main <command>partman</" -"command> screen" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1460 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Use the options in that menu to first create a volume group and then create " -"your logical volumes inside it." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1465 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"After you return to the main <command>partman</command> screen, any created " -"logical volumes will be displayed in the same way as ordinary partitions " -"(and you should treat them as such)." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:1479 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Configuring Encrypted Volumes" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1480 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"&d-i; allows you to set up encrypted partitions. Every file you write to " -"such a partition is immediately saved to the device in encrypted form. " -"Access to the encrypted data is granted only after entering the " -"<firstterm>passphrase</firstterm> used when the encrypted partition was " -"originally created. This feature is useful to protect sensitive data in case " -"your laptop or hard drive gets stolen. The thief might get physical access " -"to the hard drive, but without knowing the right passphrase, the data on the " -"hard drive will look like random characters." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1492 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The two most important partitions to encrypt are: the home partition, where " -"your private data resides, and the swap partition, where sensitive data " -"might be stored temporarily during operation. Of course, nothing prevents " -"you from encrypting any other partitions that might be of interest. For " -"example <filename>/var</filename> where database servers, mail servers or " -"print servers store their data, or <filename>/tmp</filename> which is used " -"by various programs to store potentially interesting temporary files. Some " -"people may even want to encrypt their whole system. The only exception is " -"the <filename>/boot</filename> partition which must remain unencrypted, " -"because currently there is no way to load the kernel from an encrypted " -"partition." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1507 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Please note that the performance of encrypted partitions will be less than " -"that of unencrypted ones because the data needs to be decrypted or encrypted " -"for every read or write. The performance impact depends on your CPU speed, " -"chosen cipher and a key length." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1514 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"To use encryption, you have to create a new partition by selecting some free " -"space in the main partitioning menu. Another option is to choose an existing " -"partition (e.g. a regular partition, an LVM logical volume or a RAID " -"volume). In the <guimenu>Partition settings</guimenu> menu, you need to " -"select <guimenuitem>physical volume for encryption</guimenuitem> at the " -"<menuchoice> <guimenu>Use as:</guimenu> </menuchoice> option. The menu will " -"then change to include several cryptographic options for the partition." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1525 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"&d-i; supports several encryption methods. The default method is " -"<firstterm>dm-crypt</firstterm> (included in newer Linux kernels, able to " -"host LVM physical volumes), the other is <firstterm>loop-AES</firstterm> " -"(older, maintained separately from the Linux kernel tree). Unless you have " -"compelling reasons to do otherwise, it is recommended to use the default." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1537 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"First, let's have a look at the options available when you select " -"<userinput>Device-mapper (dm-crypt)</userinput> as the encryption method. As " -"always: when in doubt, use the defaults, because they have been carefully " -"chosen with security in mind." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:1547 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Encryption: <userinput>aes</userinput>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1549 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"This option lets you select the encryption algorithm (<firstterm>cipher</" -"firstterm>) which will be used to encrypt the data on the partition. &d-i; " -"currently supports the following block ciphers: <firstterm>aes</firstterm>, " -"<firstterm>blowfish</firstterm>, <firstterm>serpent</firstterm>, and " -"<firstterm>twofish</firstterm>. It is beyond the scope of this document to " -"discuss the qualities of these different algorithms, however, it might help " -"your decision to know that in 2000, <emphasis>AES</emphasis> was chosen by " -"the American National Institute of Standards and Technology as the standard " -"encryption algorithm for protecting sensitive information in the 21st " -"century." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:1567 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Key size: <userinput>256</userinput>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1569 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Here you can specify the length of the encryption key. With a larger key " -"size, the strength of the encryption is generally improved. On the other " -"hand, increasing the length of the key usually has a negative impact on " -"performance. Available key sizes vary depending on the cipher." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:1581 -#, no-c-format -msgid "IV algorithm: <userinput>cbc-essiv:sha256</userinput>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1583 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The <firstterm>Initialization Vector</firstterm> or <firstterm>IV</" -"firstterm> algorithm is used in cryptography to ensure that applying the " -"cipher on the same <firstterm>clear text</firstterm> data with the same key " -"always produces a unique <firstterm>cipher text</firstterm>. The idea is to " -"prevent the attacker from deducing information from repeated patterns in the " -"encrypted data." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1593 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"From the provided alternatives, the default <userinput>cbc-essiv:sha256</" -"userinput> is currently the least vulnerable to known attacks. Use the other " -"alternatives only when you need to ensure compatibility with some previously " -"installed system that is not able to use newer algorithms." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:1605 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Encryption key: <userinput>Passphrase</userinput>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1607 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Here you can choose the type of the encryption key for this partition." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:1613 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Passphrase" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1614 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The encryption key will be computed<footnote> <para> Using a passphrase as " -"the key currently means that the partition will be set up using <ulink url=" -"\"&url-luks;\">LUKS</ulink>. </para></footnote> on the basis of a passphrase " -"which you will be able to enter later in the process." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:1629 using-d-i.xml:1722 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Random key" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1630 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"A new encryption key will be generated from random data each time you try to " -"bring up the encrypted partition. In other words: on every shutdown the " -"content of the partition will be lost as the key is deleted from memory. (Of " -"course, you could try to guess the key with a brute force attack, but unless " -"there is an unknown weakness in the cipher algorithm, it is not achievable " -"in our lifetime.)" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1639 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Random keys are useful for swap partitions because you do not need to bother " -"yourself with remembering the passphrase or wiping sensitive information " -"from the swap partition before shutting down your computer. However, it also " -"means that you will <emphasis>not</emphasis> be able to use the " -"<quote>suspend-to-disk</quote> functionality offered by newer Linux kernels " -"as it will be impossible (during a subsequent boot) to recover the suspended " -"data written to the swap partition." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:1658 using-d-i.xml:1735 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Erase data: <userinput>yes</userinput>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1660 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Determines whether the content of this partition should be overwritten with " -"random data before setting up the encryption. This is recommended because it " -"might otherwise be possible for an attacker to discern which parts of the " -"partition are in use and which are not. In addition, this will make it " -"harder to recover any leftover data from previous " -"installations<footnote><para> It is believed that the guys from three-letter " -"agencies can restore the data even after several rewrites of the " -"magnetooptical media, though. </para></footnote>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1680 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you select <menuchoice> <guimenu>Encryption method:</guimenu> " -"<guimenuitem>Loopback (loop-AES)</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>, the menu " -"changes to provide the following options:" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:1689 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Encryption: <userinput>AES256</userinput>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1691 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"For loop-AES, unlike dm-crypt, the options for cipher and key size are " -"combined, so you can select both at the same time. Please see the above " -"sections on ciphers and key sizes for further information." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:1701 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Encryption key: <userinput>Keyfile (GnuPG)</userinput>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1703 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Here you can select the type of the encryption key for this partition." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:1709 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Keyfile (GnuPG)" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1710 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The encryption key will be generated from random data during the " -"installation. Moreover this key will be encrypted with <application>GnuPG</" -"application>, so to use it, you will need to enter the proper passphrase " -"(you will be asked to provide one later in the process)." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1723 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Please see the section on random keys above." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1737 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Please see the the section on erasing data above." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1746 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"After you have selected the desired parameters for your encrypted " -"partitions, return back to the main partitioning menu. There should now be a " -"new menu item called <guimenu>Configure encrypted volumes</guimenu>. After " -"you select it, you will be asked to confirm the deletion of data on " -"partitions marked to be erased and possibly other actions such as writing a " -"new partition table. For large partitions this might take some time." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1756 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Next you will be asked to enter a passphrase for partitions configured to " -"use one. Good passphrases should be longer than 8 characters, should be a " -"mixture of letters, numbers and other characters and should not contain " -"common dictionary words or information easily associable with you (such as " -"birthdates, hobbies, pet names, names of family members or relatives, etc.)." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1765 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Before you input any passphrases, you should have made sure that your " -"keyboard is configured correctly and generates the expected characters. If " -"you are unsure, you can switch to the second virtual console and type some " -"text at the prompt. This ensures that you won't be surprised later, e.g. by " -"trying to input a passphrase using a qwerty keyboard layout when you used an " -"azerty layout during the installation. This situation can have several " -"causes. Maybe you switched to another keyboard layout during the " -"installation, or the selected keyboard layout might not have been set up yet " -"when entering the passphrase for the root file system." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1778 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you selected to use methods other than a passphrase to create encryption " -"keys, they will be generated now. Because the kernel may not have gathered a " -"sufficient amount of entropy at this early stage of the installation, the " -"process may take a long time. You can help speed up the process by " -"generating entropy: e.g. by pressing random keys, or by switching to the " -"shell on the second virtual console and generating some network and disk " -"traffic (downloading some files, feeding big files into <filename>/dev/null</" -"filename>, etc.). This will be repeated for each partition to be encrypted." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1794 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"After returning to the main partitioning menu, you will see all encrypted " -"volumes as additional partitions which can be configured in the same way as " -"ordinary partitions. The following example shows two different volumes. The " -"first one is encrypted via dm-crypt, the second one via loop-AES. " -"<informalexample><screen>\n" -"Encrypted volume (<replaceable>sda2_crypt</replaceable>) - 115.1 GB Linux " -"device-mapper\n" -" #1 115.1 GB F ext3\n" -"\n" -"Loopback (<replaceable>loop0</replaceable>) - 515.2 MB AES256 keyfile\n" -" #1 515.2 MB F ext3\n" -"</screen></informalexample> Now is the time to assign mount points to the " -"volumes and optionally change the file system types if the defaults do not " -"suit you." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1807 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"One thing to note here are the identifiers in parentheses " -"(<replaceable>sda2_crypt</replaceable> and <replaceable>loop0</replaceable> " -"in this case) and the mount points you assigned to each encrypted volume. " -"You will need this information later when booting the new system. The " -"differences between ordinary boot process and boot process with encryption " -"involved will be covered later in <xref linkend=\"mount-encrypted-volumes\"/" -">." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1817 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Once you are satisfied with the partitioning scheme, continue with the " -"installation." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:1828 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Installing the Base System" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1829 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Although this stage is the least problematic, it consumes a significant " -"fraction of the install because it downloads, verifies and unpacks the whole " -"base system. If you have a slow computer or network connection, this could " -"take some time." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1842 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"During installation of the base system, package unpacking and setup messages " -"are redirected to <userinput>tty4</userinput>. You can access this terminal " -"by pressing <keycombo><keycap>Left Alt</keycap><keycap>F4</keycap></" -"keycombo>; get back to the main installer process with " -"<keycombo><keycap>Left Alt</keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1851 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The unpack/setup messages generated during this phase are also saved in " -"<filename>/var/log/syslog</filename>. You can check them there if the " -"installation is performed over a serial console." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1857 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"As part of the installation, a Linux kernel will be installed. At the " -"default priority, the installer will choose one for you that best matches " -"your hardware. In lower priority modes, you will be able to choose from a " -"list of available kernels." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:1869 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Setting Up Users And Passwords" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1870 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"After the base system has been installed, the installer will allow you to " -"set up the <quote>root</quote> account and/or an account for the first user. " -"Other user accounts can be created after the installation has been completed." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:1884 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Set the Root Password" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1888 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The <emphasis>root</emphasis> account is also called the <emphasis>super-" -"user</emphasis>; it is a login that bypasses all security protection on your " -"system. The root account should only be used to perform system " -"administration, and only used for as short a time as possible." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1896 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Any password you create should contain at least 6 characters, and should " -"contain both upper- and lower-case characters, as well as punctuation " -"characters. Take extra care when setting your root password, since it is " -"such a powerful account. Avoid dictionary words or use of any personal " -"information which could be guessed." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1904 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If anyone ever tells you they need your root password, be extremely wary. " -"You should normally never give your root password out, unless you are " -"administering a machine with more than one system administrator." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:1914 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Create an Ordinary User" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1916 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The system will ask you whether you wish to create an ordinary user account " -"at this point. This account should be your main personal log-in. You should " -"<emphasis>not</emphasis> use the root account for daily use or as your " -"personal login." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1925 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Why not? Well, one reason to avoid using root's privileges is that it is " -"very easy to do irreparable damage as root. Another reason is that you might " -"be tricked into running a <emphasis>Trojan-horse</emphasis> program — " -"that is a program that takes advantage of your super-user powers to " -"compromise the security of your system behind your back. Any good book on " -"Unix system administration will cover this topic in more detail — " -"consider reading one if it is new to you." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1935 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"You will first be prompted for the user's full name. Then you'll be asked " -"for a name for the user account; generally your first name or something " -"similar will suffice and indeed will be the default. Finally, you will be " -"prompted for a password for this account." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1942 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If at any point after installation you would like to create another account, " -"use the <command>adduser</command> command." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:1953 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Installing Additional Software" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1954 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"At this point you have a usable but limited system. Most users will want to " -"install additional software on the system to tune it to their needs, and the " -"installer allows you do so. This step can take even longer than installing " -"the base system if you have a slow computer or network connection." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:1969 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Configuring apt" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1971 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"One of the tools used to install packages on a &debian; system is a program " -"called <command>apt-get</command>, from the <classname>apt</classname> " -"package<footnote> <para> Note that the program which actually installs the " -"packages is called <command>dpkg</command>. However, this program is more of " -"a low-level tool. <command>apt-get</command> is a higher-level tool, which " -"will invoke <command>dpkg</command> as appropriate. It knows how to retrieve " -"packages from your CD, the network, or wherever. It is also able to " -"automatically install other packages which are required to make the package " -"you're trying to install work correctly. </para> </footnote>. Other front-" -"ends for package management, like <command>aptitude</command> and " -"<command>synaptic</command>, are also in use. These front-ends are " -"recommended for new users, since they integrate some additional features " -"(package searching and status checks) in a nice user interface. In fact, " -"<command>aptitude</command> is now the recommended utility for package " -"management." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:1995 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"<command>apt</command> must be configured so that it knows from where to " -"retrieve packages. The results of this configuration are written to the file " -"<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. You can examine and edit this " -"file to your liking after the installation is complete." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2002 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you are installing at default priority, the installer will largely take " -"care of the configuration automatically, based on the installation method " -"you are using and possibly using choices made earlier in the installation. " -"In most cases the installer will automatically add a security mirror and, if " -"you are installing the stable distribution, a mirror for the " -"<quote>volatile</quote> update service." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2011 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you are installing at a lower priority (e.g. in expert mode), you will be " -"able to make more decisions yourself. You can choose whether or not to use " -"the security and/or volatile update services, and you can choose to add " -"packages from the <quote>contrib</quote> and <quote>non-free</quote> " -"sections of the archive." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2022 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Installing from more than one CD or DVD" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2024 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you are installing from a CD or a DVD that is part of a larger set, the " -"installer will ask if you want to scan additional CDs or DVDs. If you have " -"additional CDs or DVDs available, you probably want to do this so the " -"installer can use the packages included on them." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2031 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you do not have any additional CDs or DVDs, that is no problem: using " -"them is not required. If you also do not use a network mirror (as explained " -"in the next section), it can mean that not all packages belonging to the " -"tasks you select in the next step of the installation can be installed." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2039 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Packages are included on CDs (and DVDs) in the order of their popularity. " -"This means that for most uses only the first CDs in a set are needed and " -"that only very few people actually use any of the packages included on the " -"last CDs in a set." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2046 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"It also means that buying or downloading and burning a full CD set is just a " -"waste of money as you'll never use most of them. In most cases you are " -"better off getting only the first 3 to 8 CDs and installing any additional " -"packages you may need from the Internet by using a mirror. The same goes for " -"DVD sets: the first DVD, or maybe the first two DVDs will cover most needs." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2055 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"A good rule of thumb is that for a regular desktop installation (using the " -"GNOME desktop environment) only the first three CDs are needed. For the " -"alternative desktop environments (KDE or Xfce), additional CDs are needed. " -"The first DVD easily covers all three desktop environments." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2063 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you do scan multiple CDs or DVDs, the installer will prompt you to " -"exchange them when it needs packages from another CD/DVD than the one " -"currently in the drive. Note that only CDs or DVDs that belong to the same " -"set should be scanned. The order in which they are scanned does not really " -"matter, but scanning them in ascending order will reduce the chance of " -"mistakes." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2076 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Using a network mirror" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2078 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"One question that will be asked during most installs is whether or not to " -"use a network mirror as a source for packages. In most cases the default " -"answer should be fine, but there are some exceptions." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2084 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you are <emphasis>not</emphasis> installing from a full CD or DVD or " -"using a full CD/DVD image, you really should use a network mirror as " -"otherwise you will end up with only a very minimal system. However, if you " -"have a limited Internet connection it is best <emphasis>not</emphasis> to " -"select the <literal>desktop</literal> task in the next step of the " -"installation." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2093 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you are installing from a single full CD or using a full CD image, using " -"a network mirror is not required, but is still strongly recommended because " -"a single CD contains only a fairly limited number of packages. If you have a " -"limited Internet connection it may still be best to <emphasis>not</emphasis> " -"select a network mirror here, but to finish the installation using only " -"what's available on the CD and selectively install additional packages after " -"the installation (i.e. after you have rebooted into the new system)." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2104 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you are installing from a DVD or using a DVD image, any packages needed " -"during the installation should be present on the first DVD. The same is true " -"if you have scanned multiple CDs as explained in the previous section. Use " -"of a network mirror is optional." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2111 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"One advantage of adding a network mirror is that updates that have occurred " -"since the CD/DVD set was created and have been included in a point release, " -"will become available for installation, thus extending the life of your CD/" -"DVD set without compromising the security or stability of the installed " -"system." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2118 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"In summary: selecting a network mirror is generally a good idea, except if " -"you do not have a good Internet connection. If the current version of a " -"package is available from CD/DVD, the installer will always use that. The " -"amount of data that will be downloaded if you do select a mirror thus " -"depends on" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2127 -#, no-c-format -msgid "the tasks you select in the next step of the installation," -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2132 -#, no-c-format -msgid "which packages are needed for those tasks," -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2137 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"which of those packages are present on the CDs or DVDs you have scanned, and" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2142 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"whether any updated versions of packages included on the CDs or DVDs are " -"available from a mirror (either a regular package mirror, or a mirror for " -"security or volatile updates)." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2151 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Note that the last point means that, even if you choose not to use a network " -"mirror, some packages may still be downloaded from the Internet if there is " -"a security or volatile update available for them and those services have " -"been configured." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2167 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Selecting and Installing Software" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2169 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"During the installation process, you are given the opportunity to select " -"additional software to install. Rather than picking individual software " -"packages from the &num-of-distrib-pkgs; available packages, this stage of " -"the installation process focuses on selecting and installing predefined " -"collections of software to quickly set up your computer to perform various " -"tasks." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2178 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"So, you have the ability to choose <emphasis>tasks</emphasis> first, and " -"then add on more individual packages later. These tasks loosely represent a " -"number of different jobs or things you want to do with your computer, such " -"as <quote>Desktop environment</quote>, <quote>Web server</quote>, or " -"<quote>Print server</quote><footnote> <para> You should know that to present " -"this list, the installer is merely invoking the <command>tasksel</command> " -"program. It can be run at any time after installation to install more " -"packages (or remove them), or you can use a more fine-grained tool such as " -"<command>aptitude</command>. If you are looking for a specific single " -"package, after installation is complete, simply run <userinput>aptitude " -"install <replaceable>package</replaceable></userinput>, where " -"<replaceable>package</replaceable> is the name of the package you are " -"looking for. </para> </footnote>. <xref linkend=\"tasksel-size-list\"/> " -"lists the space requirements for the available tasks." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2205 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Some tasks may be pre-selected based on the characteristics of the computer " -"you are installing. If you disagree with these selections you can deselect " -"them. You can even opt to install no tasks at all at this point." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2212 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Unless you are using the special KDE or Xfce CDs, the <quote>Desktop " -"environment</quote> task will install the GNOME desktop environment." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2219 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"It is not possible to interactively select a different desktop during the " -"installation. However, it <emphasis>is</emphasis> possible to get &d-i; to " -"install a KDE desktop environment instead of GNOME by using preseeding (see " -"<xref linkend=\"preseed-pkgsel\"/>) or by adding the parameter " -"<literal>desktop=kde</literal> at the boot prompt when starting the " -"installer. Alternatively the more lightweight Xfce desktop environment can " -"be selected by using <literal>desktop=xfce</literal>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2229 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Note that this will only work if the packages needed for KDE or Xfce are " -"actually available. If you are installing using a single full CD image, they " -"will need to be downloaded from a mirror as most needed packages are only " -"included on later CDs; installing KDE or Xfce this way should work fine if " -"you are using a DVD image or any other installation method." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2237 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The various server tasks will install software roughly as follows. DNS " -"server: <classname>bind9</classname>; File server: <classname>samba</" -"classname>, <classname>nfs</classname>; Mail server: <classname>exim4</" -"classname>, <classname>spamassassin</classname>, <classname>uw-imap</" -"classname>; Print server: <classname>cups</classname>; SQL database: " -"<classname>postgresql</classname>; Web server: <classname>apache</classname>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2249 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Once you've selected your tasks, select &BTN-CONT;. At this point, " -"<command>aptitude</command> will install the packages that are part of the " -"tasks you've selected." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2256 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"In the standard user interface of the installer, you can use the space bar " -"to toggle selection of a task." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2262 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"You should be aware that especially the Desktop task is very large. " -"Especially when installing from a normal CD-ROM in combination with a mirror " -"for packages not on the CD-ROM, the installer may want to retrieve a lot of " -"packages over the network. If you have a relatively slow Internet " -"connection, this can take a long time. There is no option to cancel the " -"installation of packages once it has started." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2271 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Even when packages are included on the CD-ROM, the installer may still " -"retrieve them from the mirror if the version available on the mirror is more " -"recent than the one included on the CD-ROM. If you are installing the stable " -"distribution, this can happen after a point release (an update of the " -"original stable release); if you are installing the testing distribution " -"this will happen if you are using an older image." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2280 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Each package you selected with <command>tasksel</command> is downloaded, " -"unpacked and then installed in turn by the <command>apt-get</command> and " -"<command>dpkg</command> programs. If a particular program needs more " -"information from the user, it will prompt you during this process." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2293 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Making Your System Bootable" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2295 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you are installing a diskless workstation, obviously, booting off the " -"local disk isn't a meaningful option, and this step will be skipped. <phrase " -"arch=\"sparc\">You may wish to set OpenBoot to boot from the network by " -"default; see <xref linkend=\"boot-dev-select-sun\"/>.</phrase>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2310 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Detecting other operating systems" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2312 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Before a boot loader is installed, the installer will attempt to probe for " -"other operating systems which are installed on the machine. If it finds a " -"supported operating system, you will be informed of this during the boot " -"loader installation step, and the computer will be configured to boot this " -"other operating system in addition to Debian." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2320 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Note that multiple operating systems booting on a single machine is still " -"something of a black art. The automatic support for detecting and setting up " -"boot loaders to boot other operating systems varies by architecture and even " -"by subarchitecture. If it does not work you should consult your boot " -"manager's documentation for more information." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2338 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Install <command>aboot</command> on a Hard Disk" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2339 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you have booted from SRM and you select this option, the installer will " -"write <command>aboot</command> to the first sector of the disk on which you " -"installed Debian. Be <emphasis>very</emphasis> careful — it is " -"<emphasis>not</emphasis> possible to boot multiple operating systems (e.g. " -"GNU/Linux, Free/Open/NetBSD, OSF/1 a.k.a. Digital Unix a.k.a. Tru64 Unix, or " -"OpenVMS) from the same disk. If you also have a different operating system " -"installed on the disk where you have installed Debian, you will have to boot " -"GNU/Linux from a floppy instead." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2359 -#, no-c-format -msgid "<command>palo</command>-installer" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2360 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The bootloader on PA-RISC is <quote>palo</quote>. <command>PALO</command> is " -"similar in configuration and usage to <command>LILO</command>, with a few " -"exceptions. First of all, <command>PALO</command> allows you to boot any " -"kernel image on your boot partition. This is because <command>PALO</command> " -"can actually read Linux partitions." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2369 -#, no-c-format -msgid "hppa FIXME ( need more info )" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2381 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Install the <command>Grub</command> Boot Loader on a Hard Disk" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2383 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The main &architecture; boot loader is called <quote>grub</quote>. Grub is a " -"flexible and robust boot loader and a good default choice for new users and " -"old hands alike." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2389 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"By default, grub will be installed into the Master Boot Record (MBR), where " -"it will take over complete control of the boot process. If you prefer, you " -"can install it elsewhere. See the grub manual for complete information." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2395 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you do not want to install grub, use the &BTN-GOBACK; button to get to " -"the main menu, and from there select whatever bootloader you would like to " -"use." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2408 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Install the <command>LILO</command> Boot Loader on a Hard Disk" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2410 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The second &architecture; boot loader is called <quote>LILO</quote>. It is " -"an old complex program which offers lots of functionality, including DOS, " -"Windows, and OS/2 boot management. Please carefully read the instructions in " -"the directory <filename>/usr/share/doc/lilo/</filename> if you have special " -"needs; also see the <ulink url=\"&url-lilo-howto;\">LILO mini-HOWTO</ulink>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2420 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Currently the LILO installation will only create menu entries for other " -"operating systems if these can be <firstterm>chainloaded</firstterm>. This " -"means you may have to manually add a menu entry for operating systems like " -"GNU/Linux and GNU/Hurd after the installation." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2428 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"&d-i; offers you three choices on where to install the <command>LILO</" -"command> boot loader:" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:2435 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Master Boot Record (MBR)" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2435 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"This way the <command>LILO</command> will take complete control of the boot " -"process." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:2442 -#, no-c-format -msgid "new Debian partition" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2442 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Choose this if you want to use another boot manager. <command>LILO</command> " -"will install itself at the beginning of the new Debian partition and it will " -"serve as a secondary boot loader." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: term -#: using-d-i.xml:2451 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Other choice" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2451 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Useful for advanced users who want to install <command>LILO</command> " -"somewhere else. In this case you will be asked for desired location. You can " -"use traditional device names such as <filename>/dev/hda</filename> or " -"<filename>/dev/sda</filename>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2461 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you can no longer boot into Windows 9x (or DOS) after this step, you'll " -"need to use a Windows 9x (MS-DOS) boot disk and use the <userinput>fdisk /" -"mbr</userinput> command to reinstall the MS-DOS master boot record — " -"however, this means that you'll need to use some other way to get back into " -"Debian!" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2477 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Install the <command>ELILO</command> Boot Loader on a Hard Disk" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2479 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The &architecture; boot loader is called <quote>elilo</quote>. It is modeled " -"on the <quote>lilo</quote> boot loader for the x86 architecture and uses a " -"similar configuration file. However, instead of writing an MBR or partition " -"boot record to the disk, it copies the necessary files to a separate FAT " -"formatted disk partition and modifies the <guimenuitem>EFI Boot Manager</" -"guimenuitem> menu in the firmware to point to the files in the EFI " -"partition. The <command>elilo</command> boot loader is really in two parts. " -"The <filename>/usr/sbin/elilo</filename> command manages the partition and " -"copies files into it. The <filename>elilo.efi</filename> program is copied " -"into the EFI partition and then run by the <quote>EFI Boot Manager</quote> " -"to do the actual work of loading and starting the Linux kernel." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2495 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The <quote>elilo</quote> configuration and installation is done as the last " -"step of installing the packages of the base installation. &d-i; will present " -"you with a list of potential disk partitions that it has found suitable for " -"an EFI partition. Select the partition you set up earlier in the " -"installation, typically a partition on the same disk that contains your " -"<emphasis>root</emphasis> filesystem." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2507 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Choose the correct partition!" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2509 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The criteria for selecting a partition is that it is FAT format filesystem " -"with its <emphasis>boot</emphasis> flag set. &d-i; may show multiple choices " -"depending on what it finds from scanning all of the disks of the system " -"including EFI partitions of other system disks and EFI diagnostic " -"partitions. Remember, <command>elilo</command> may format the partition " -"during the installation, erasing any previous contents!" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2524 -#, no-c-format -msgid "EFI Partition Contents" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2526 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The EFI partition is a FAT filesystem format partition on one of the hard " -"disks of the system, usually the same disk that contains the <emphasis>root</" -"emphasis> filesystem. It is normally not mounted on a running system as it " -"is only needed by the <quote>EFI Boot Manager</quote> to load the system and " -"the installer part of the <command>elilo</command> writes to the filesystem " -"directly. The <command>/usr/sbin/elilo</command> utility writes the " -"following files into the <filename>efi/debian</filename> directory of the " -"EFI partition during the installation. Note that the <quote>EFI Boot " -"Manager</quote> would find these files using the path " -"<filename>fs<replaceable>n</replaceable>:\\efi\\debian</filename>. There may " -"be other files in this filesystem as well over time as the system is updated " -"or re-configured." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: filename -#: using-d-i.xml:2548 -#, no-c-format -msgid "elilo.conf" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2549 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"This is the configuration file read by the boot loader when it starts. It is " -"a copy of the <filename>/etc/elilo.conf</filename> with the filenames re-" -"written to refer to files in the EFI partition." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: filename -#: using-d-i.xml:2558 -#, no-c-format -msgid "elilo.efi" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2559 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"This is the boot loader program that the <quote>EFI Boot Manager</quote> " -"runs to boot the system. It is the program behind the <guimenuitem>Debian " -"GNU/Linux</guimenuitem> menu item of the <quote>EFI Boot Manager</quote> " -"command menu." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: filename -#: using-d-i.xml:2569 -#, no-c-format -msgid "initrd.img" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2570 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"This is the initial root filesystem used to boot the kernel. It is a copy of " -"the file referenced in the <filename>/etc/elilo.conf</filename>. In a " -"standard Debian installation it would be the file in <filename>/boot</" -"filename> pointed to by the symbolic link <filename>/initrd.img</filename>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: filename -#: using-d-i.xml:2582 -#, no-c-format -msgid "readme.txt" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2583 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"This is a small text file warning you that the contents of the directory are " -"managed by the <command>elilo</command> and that any local changes would be " -"lost at the next time <filename>/usr/sbin/elilo</filename> is run." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: filename -#: using-d-i.xml:2593 -#, no-c-format -msgid "vmlinuz" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2594 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"This is the compressed kernel itself. It is a copy of the file referenced in " -"the <filename>/etc/elilo.conf</filename>. In a standard Debian installation " -"it would be the file in <filename>/boot</filename> pointed to by the " -"symbolic link <filename>/vmlinuz</filename>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2614 -#, no-c-format -msgid "<command>arcboot</command>-installer" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2615 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The boot loader on SGI machines is <command>arcboot</command>. It has to be " -"installed on the same hard disk as the kernel (this is done automatically by " -"the installer). Arcboot supports different configurations which are set up " -"in <filename>/etc/arcboot.conf</filename>. Each configuration has a unique " -"name, the default setup as created by the installer is <quote>linux</quote>. " -"After arcboot has been installed, the system can be booted from hard disk by " -"setting some firmware environment variables entering " -"<informalexample><screen>\n" -"<userinput> setenv SystemPartition scsi(<replaceable>scsi</replaceable>)disk" -"(<replaceable>disk</replaceable>)rdisk(0)partition(0)</userinput>\n" -"<userinput> setenv OSLoadPartition scsi(<replaceable>scsi</replaceable>)disk" -"(<replaceable>disk</replaceable>)rdisk(0)partition(<replaceable>partnr</" -"replaceable>)</userinput>\n" -"<userinput> setenv OSLoader arcboot</userinput>\n" -"<userinput> setenv OSLoadFilename <replaceable>config</replaceable></" -"userinput>\n" -"<userinput> setenv AutoLoad yes</userinput>\n" -"</screen></informalexample> on the firmware prompt, and then typing " -"<command>boot</command>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: replaceable -#: using-d-i.xml:2634 -#, no-c-format -msgid "scsi" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2635 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"is the SCSI bus to be booted from, this is <userinput>0</userinput> for the " -"onboard controllers" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: replaceable -#: using-d-i.xml:2643 -#, no-c-format -msgid "disk" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2644 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"is the SCSI ID of the hard disk on which <command>arcboot</command> is " -"installed" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: replaceable -#: using-d-i.xml:2652 using-d-i.xml:2721 -#, no-c-format -msgid "partnr" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2653 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"is the number of the partition on which <filename>/etc/arcboot.conf</" -"filename> resides" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: replaceable -#: using-d-i.xml:2661 -#, no-c-format -msgid "config" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2662 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"is the name of the configuration entry in <filename>/etc/arcboot.conf</" -"filename>, which is <quote>linux</quote> by default." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2683 -#, no-c-format -msgid "<command>delo</command>-installer" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2684 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The boot loader on DECstations is <command>DELO</command>. It has to be " -"installed on the same hard disk as the kernel (this is done automatically by " -"the installer). DELO supports different configurations which are set up in " -"<filename>/etc/delo.conf</filename>. Each configuration has a unique name, " -"the default setup as created by the installer is <quote>linux</quote>. After " -"DELO has been installed, the system can be booted from hard disk by entering " -"<informalexample><screen>\n" -"<userinput>boot <replaceable>#</replaceable>/rz<replaceable>id</replaceable> " -"<replaceable>partnr</replaceable>/<replaceable>name</replaceable></" -"userinput>\n" -"</screen></informalexample> on the firmware prompt." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: replaceable -#: using-d-i.xml:2703 -#, no-c-format -msgid "<replaceable>#</replaceable>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2704 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"is the TurboChannel device to be booted from, on most DECstations this is " -"<userinput>3</userinput> for the onboard controllers" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: replaceable -#: using-d-i.xml:2712 -#, no-c-format -msgid "<replaceable>id</replaceable>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2713 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"is the SCSI ID of the hard disk on which <command>DELO</command> is installed" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2722 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"is the number of the partition on which <filename>/etc/delo.conf</filename> " -"resides" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: replaceable -#: using-d-i.xml:2730 -#, no-c-format -msgid "name" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2731 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"is the name of the configuration entry in <filename>/etc/delo.conf</" -"filename>, which is <quote>linux</quote> by default." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2741 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"In case <filename>/etc/delo.conf</filename> is on the first partition on the " -"disk and the default configuration shall be booted, it is sufficient to use" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: screen -#: using-d-i.xml:2747 -#, no-c-format -msgid "<userinput>boot #/rz<replaceable>id</replaceable></userinput>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2757 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Install <command>Yaboot</command> on a Hard Disk" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2758 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Newer (mid 1998 and on) PowerMacs use <command>yaboot</command> as their " -"boot loader. The installer will set up <command>yaboot</command> " -"automatically, so all you need is a small 820k partition named " -"<quote>bootstrap</quote> with type <emphasis>Apple_Bootstrap</emphasis> " -"created back in the partitioning component. If this step completes " -"successfully then your disk should now be bootable and OpenFirmware will be " -"set to boot &debian;." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2776 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Install <command>Quik</command> on a Hard Disk" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2777 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The boot loader for OldWorld Power Macintosh machines is <command>quik</" -"command>. You can also use it on CHRP. The installer will attempt to set up " -"<command>quik</command> automatically. The setup has been known to work on " -"7200, 7300, and 7600 Powermacs, and on some Power Computing clones." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2793 -#, no-c-format -msgid "<command>zipl</command>-installer" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2794 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The boot loader on &arch-title; is <quote>zipl</quote>. <command>ZIPL</" -"command> is similar in configuration and usage to <command>LILO</command>, " -"with a few exceptions. Please take a look at <quote>LINUX for &arch-title; " -"Device Drivers and Installation Commands</quote> from IBM's developerWorks " -"web site if you want to know more about <command>ZIPL</command>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2811 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Install the <command>SILO</command> Boot Loader on a Hard Disk" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2813 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The standard &architecture; boot loader is called <quote>silo</quote>. It is " -"documented in <filename>/usr/share/doc/silo/</filename>. <command>SILO</" -"command> is similar in configuration and usage to <command>LILO</command>, " -"with a few exceptions. First of all, <command>SILO</command> allows you to " -"boot any kernel image on your drive, even if it is not listed in <filename>/" -"etc/silo.conf</filename>. This is because <command>SILO</command> can " -"actually read Linux partitions. Also, <filename>/etc/silo.conf</filename> is " -"read at boot time, so there is no need to rerun <command>silo</command> " -"after installing a new kernel like you would with <command>LILO</command>. " -"<command>SILO</command> can also read UFS partitions, which means it can " -"boot SunOS/Solaris partitions as well. This is useful if you want to install " -"GNU/Linux alongside an existing SunOS/Solaris install." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2838 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Continue Without Boot Loader" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2840 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"This option can be used to complete the installation even when no boot " -"loader is to be installed, either because the arch/subarch doesn't provide " -"one, or because none is desired (e.g. you will use existing boot loader). " -"<phrase arch=\"m68k\">This option is especially useful for Macintosh, Atari, " -"and Amiga systems, where the original operating system must be maintained on " -"the box and used to boot GNU/Linux.</phrase>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2849 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you plan to manually configure your bootloader, you should check the name " -"of the installed kernel in <filename>/target/boot</filename>. You should " -"also check that directory for the presence of an <firstterm>initrd</" -"firstterm>; if one is present, you will probably have to instruct your " -"bootloader to use it. Other information you will need are the disk and " -"partition you selected for your <filename>/</filename> filesystem and, if " -"you chose to install <filename>/boot</filename> on a separate partition, " -"also your <filename>/boot</filename> filesystem." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2866 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Finishing the Installation" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2867 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"This is the last step in the Debian installation process during which the " -"installer will do any last minute tasks. It mostly consists of tidying up " -"after the &d-i;." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2880 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Setting the System Clock" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2882 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The installer may ask you if the computer's clock is set to UTC. Normally " -"this question is avoided if possible and the installer tries to work out " -"whether the clock is set to UTC based on things like what other operating " -"systems are installed." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2889 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"In expert mode you will always be able to choose whether or not the clock is " -"set to UTC. <phrase arch=\"m68k;powerpc\">Macintosh hardware clocks are " -"normally set to local time. If you want to dual-boot, select local time " -"instead of UTC.</phrase> <phrase arch=\"x86\">Systems that (also) run Dos or " -"Windows are normally set to local time. If you want to dual-boot, select " -"local time instead of UTC.</phrase>" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2900 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"At this point &d-i; will also attempt to save the current time to the " -"system's hardware clock. This will be done either in UTC or local time, " -"depending on the selection that was just made." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2915 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Reboot the System" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2917 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"You will be prompted to remove the boot media (CD, floppy, etc) that you " -"used to boot the installer. After that the system will be rebooted into your " -"new Debian system." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2923 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"After a final prompt the system will be halted because rebooting is not " -"supported on &arch-title;. You then need to IPL &debian; from the DASD which " -"you selected for the root filesystem during the first steps of the " -"installation." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2936 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Miscellaneous" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2937 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The components listed in this section are usually not involved in the " -"installation process, but are waiting in the background to help the user in " -"case something goes wrong." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2950 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Saving the installation logs" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2952 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If the installation is successful, the logfiles created during the " -"installation process will be automatically saved to <filename>/var/log/" -"installer/</filename> on your new Debian system." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2959 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Choosing <guimenuitem>Save debug logs</guimenuitem> from the main menu " -"allows you to save the log files to a floppy disk, network, hard disk, or " -"other media. This can be useful if you encounter fatal problems during the " -"installation and wish to study the logs on another system or attach them to " -"an installation report." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:2979 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Using the Shell and Viewing the Logs" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2981 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"There are several methods you can use to get a shell while running an " -"installation. On most systems, and if you are not installing over serial " -"console, the easiest method is to switch to the second <emphasis>virtual " -"console</emphasis> by pressing <keycombo><keycap>Left Alt</keycap> " -"<keycap>F2</keycap></keycombo><footnote> <para> That is: press the " -"<keycap>Alt</keycap> key on the left-hand side of the <keycap>space bar</" -"keycap> and the <keycap>F2</keycap> function key at the same time. </para> </" -"footnote> (on a Mac keyboard, <keycombo><keycap>Option</keycap> <keycap>F2</" -"keycap></keycombo>). Use <keycombo><keycap>Left Alt</keycap> <keycap>F1</" -"keycap></keycombo> to switch back to installer itself." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:2999 -#, no-c-format -msgid "For the graphical installer see also <xref linkend=\"gtk-using\"/>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:3003 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you cannot switch consoles, there is also an <guimenuitem>Execute a " -"Shell</guimenuitem> item on the main menu that can be used to start a shell. " -"You can get to the main menu from most dialogs by using the &BTN-GOBACK; " -"button one or more times. Type <userinput>exit</userinput> to close the " -"shell and return to the installer." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:3011 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"At this point you are booted from the RAM disk, and there is a limited set " -"of Unix utilities available for your use. You can see what programs are " -"available with the command <command>ls /bin /sbin /usr/bin /usr/sbin</" -"command> and by typing <command>help</command>. The shell is a Bourne shell " -"clone called <command>ash</command> and has some nice features like " -"autocompletion and history." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:3020 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"To edit and view files, use the text editor <command>nano</command>. Log " -"files for the installation system can be found in the <filename>/var/log</" -"filename> directory." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:3027 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Although you can do basically anything in a shell that the available " -"commands allow you to do, the option to use a shell is really only there in " -"case something goes wrong and for debugging." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:3033 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Doing things manually from the shell may interfere with the installation " -"process and result in errors or an incomplete installation. In particular, " -"you should always use let the installer activate your swap partition and not " -"do this yourself from a shell." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: title -#: using-d-i.xml:3048 -#, no-c-format -msgid "Installation Over the Network" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:3050 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"One of the more interesting components is <firstterm>network-console</" -"firstterm>. It allows you to do a large part of the installation over the " -"network via SSH. The use of the network implies you will have to perform the " -"first steps of the installation from the console, at least to the point of " -"setting up the networking. (Although you can automate that part with <xref " -"linkend=\"automatic-install\"/>.)" -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:3060 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"This component is not loaded into the main installation menu by default, so " -"you have to explicitly ask for it. If you are installing from CD, you need " -"to boot with medium priority or otherwise invoke the main installation menu " -"and choose <guimenuitem>Load installer components from CD</guimenuitem> and " -"from the list of additional components select <guimenuitem>network-console: " -"Continue installation remotely using SSH</guimenuitem>. Successful load is " -"indicated by a new menu entry called <guimenuitem>Continue installation " -"remotely using SSH</guimenuitem>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:3073 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"For installations on &arch-title;, this is the default method after setting " -"up the network." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:3078 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"<phrase arch=\"not-s390\">After selecting this new entry, you</phrase> " -"<phrase arch=\"s390\">You</phrase> will be asked for a new password to be " -"used for connecting to the installation system and for its confirmation. " -"That's all. Now you should see a screen which instructs you to login " -"remotely as the user <emphasis>installer</emphasis> with the password you " -"just provided. Another important detail to notice on this screen is the " -"fingerprint of this system. You need to transfer the fingerprint securely to " -"the <quote>person who will continue the installation remotely</quote>." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:3090 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Should you decide to continue with the installation locally, you can always " -"press &enterkey;, which will bring you back to the main menu, where you can " -"select another component." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:3096 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Now let's switch to the other side of the wire. As a prerequisite, you need " -"to configure your terminal for UTF-8 encoding, because that is what the " -"installation system uses. If you do not, remote installation will be still " -"possible, but you may encounter strange display artefacts like destroyed " -"dialog borders or unreadable non-ascii characters. Establishing a connection " -"with the installation system is as simple as typing: " -"<informalexample><screen>\n" -"<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>ssh -l installer <replaceable>install_host</" -"replaceable></userinput>\n" -"</screen></informalexample> Where <replaceable>install_host</replaceable> is " -"either the name or IP address of the computer being installed. Before the " -"actual login the fingerprint of the remote system will be displayed and you " -"will have to confirm that it is correct." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:3113 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"The <command>ssh</command> server in the installer uses a default " -"configuration that does not send keep-alive packets. In principle, a " -"connection to the system being installed should be kept open indefinitely. " -"However, in some situations — depending on your local network setup " -"— the connection may be lost after some period of inactivity. One " -"common case where this can happen is when there is some form of Network " -"Address Translation (NAT) somewhere between the client and the system being " -"installed. Depending on at which point of the installation the connection " -"was lost, you may or may not be able to resume the installation after " -"reconnecting." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:3126 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"You may be able to avoid the connection being dropped by adding the option " -"<userinput>-o ServerAliveInterval=<replaceable>value</replaceable></" -"userinput> when starting the <command>ssh</command> connection, or by adding " -"that option in your <command>ssh</command> configuration file. Note however " -"that in some cases adding this option may also <emphasis>cause</emphasis> a " -"connection to be dropped (for example if keep-alive packets are sent during " -"a brief network outage, from which <command>ssh</command> would otherwise " -"have recovered), so it should only be used when needed." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:3139 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"If you install several computers in turn and they happen to have the same IP " -"address or hostname, <command>ssh</command> will refuse to connect to such " -"host. The reason is that it will have different fingerprint, which is " -"usually a sign of a spoofing attack. If you are sure this is not the case, " -"you will need to delete the relevant line from <filename>~/.ssh/known_hosts</" -"filename><footnote> <para> The following command will remove an existing " -"entry for a host: <command>ssh-keygen -R <<replaceable>hostname</" -"replaceable>|<replaceable>IP address</replaceable>></command>. </" -"para> </footnote> and try again." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:3155 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"After the login you will be presented with an initial screen where you have " -"two possibilities called <guimenuitem>Start menu</guimenuitem> and " -"<guimenuitem>Start shell</guimenuitem>. The former brings you to the main " -"installer menu, where you can continue with the installation as usual. The " -"latter starts a shell from which you can examine and possibly fix the remote " -"system. You should only start one SSH session for the installation menu, but " -"may start multiple sessions for shells." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:3165 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"After you have started the installation remotely over SSH, you should not go " -"back to the installation session running on the local console. Doing so may " -"corrupt the database that holds the configuration of the new system. This in " -"turn may result in a failed installation or problems with the installed " -"system." -msgstr "" - -#. Tag: para -#: using-d-i.xml:3173 -#, no-c-format -msgid "" -"Also, if you are running the SSH session from an X terminal, you should not " -"resize the window as that will result in the connection being terminated." -msgstr "" |