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diff --git a/po/kab/hardware.po b/po/kab/hardware.po new file mode 100644 index 000000000..feda547f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/po/kab/hardware.po @@ -0,0 +1,2856 @@ +# Translation of the Debian installation-guide into Kabyle. +# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: debian-installation-guide-hardware 2021\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: debian-boot@lists.debian.org\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-08-23 23:02+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n" +"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:5 +#, no-c-format +msgid "System Requirements" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:7 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"This section contains information about what hardware you need to get " +"started with &debian;. You will also find links to further information about " +"hardware supported by GNU and &arch-kernel;." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:20 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Supported Hardware" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:21 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"&debian; does not impose hardware requirements beyond the requirements of " +"the Linux or kFreeBSD kernel and the GNU tool-sets. Therefore, any " +"architecture or platform to which the Linux or kFreeBSD kernel, libc, " +"<command>gcc</command>, etc. have been ported, and for which a &debian; port " +"exists, can run &debian;. Please refer to the Ports pages at <ulink url=" +"\"&url-ports;\"></ulink> for more details on &arch-title; architecture " +"systems which have been tested with &debian-gnu;." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:32 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Rather than attempting to describe all the different hardware configurations " +"which are supported for &arch-title;, this section contains general " +"information and pointers to where additional information can be found." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:41 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Supported Architectures" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:42 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"&debian; GNU/Linux &release; supports ten major architectures and several " +"variations of each architecture known as <quote>flavors</quote>." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:53 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Architecture" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:53 +#, no-c-format +msgid "&debian; Designation" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:54 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Subarchitecture" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:54 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Flavor" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:60 +#, no-c-format +msgid "AMD64 & Intel 64" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:61 +#, no-c-format +msgid "amd64" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:67 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Intel x86-based" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:68 +#, no-c-format +msgid "i386" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:69 +#, no-c-format +msgid "default x86 machines" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:70 +#, no-c-format +msgid "default" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:72 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Xen PV domains only" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:73 +#, no-c-format +msgid "<entry>xen</entry>" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:77 +#, no-c-format +msgid "<entry>ARM</entry>" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:78 +#, no-c-format +msgid "armel" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:79 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Marvell Kirkwood and Orion" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:80 +#, no-c-format +msgid "marvell" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:84 +#, no-c-format +msgid "ARM with hardware FPU" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:85 +#, no-c-format +msgid "armhf" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:86 +#, no-c-format +msgid "multiplatform" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:87 +#, no-c-format +msgid "armmp" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:91 +#, no-c-format +msgid "64bit ARM" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:92 +#, no-c-format +msgid "arm64" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:98 +#, no-c-format +msgid "32bit MIPS (big-endian)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:99 +#, no-c-format +msgid "mips" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:100 hardware.xml:110 hardware.xml:123 +#, no-c-format +msgid "<entry>MIPS Malta</entry>" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:101 hardware.xml:124 +#, no-c-format +msgid "4kc-malta" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:103 hardware.xml:113 hardware.xml:126 +#, no-c-format +msgid "<entry>Cavium Octeon</entry>" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:104 hardware.xml:114 hardware.xml:127 +#, no-c-format +msgid "octeon" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:108 +#, no-c-format +msgid "64bit MIPS (little-endian)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:109 +#, no-c-format +msgid "mips64el" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:111 +#, no-c-format +msgid "5kc-malta" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:116 hardware.xml:129 +#, no-c-format +msgid "<entry>Loongson 3</entry>" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:117 hardware.xml:130 +#, no-c-format +msgid "loongson-3" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:121 +#, no-c-format +msgid "32bit MIPS (little-endian)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:122 +#, no-c-format +msgid "mipsel" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:148 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Power Systems" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:149 +#, no-c-format +msgid "ppc64el" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:150 +#, no-c-format +msgid "IBM POWER8 or newer machines" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:175 +#, no-c-format +msgid "64bit IBM S/390" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:176 +#, no-c-format +msgid "s390x" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:177 +#, no-c-format +msgid "IPL from VM-reader and DASD" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:178 +#, no-c-format +msgid "generic" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:185 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"This document covers installation for the <emphasis>&arch-title;</emphasis> " +"architecture using the <emphasis>&arch-kernel;</emphasis> kernel. If you are " +"looking for information on any of the other &debian;-supported architectures " +"take a look at the <ulink url=\"http://www.debian.org/ports/\">&debian;-" +"Ports</ulink> pages." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:195 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"This is the first official release of &debian-gnu; for the &arch-title; " +"architecture. We feel that it has proven itself sufficiently to be released. " +"However, because it has not had the exposure (and hence testing by users) " +"that some other architectures have had, you may encounter a few bugs. Use " +"our <ulink url=\"&url-bts;\">Bug Tracking System</ulink> to report any " +"problems; make sure to mention the fact that the bug is on the &arch-title; " +"platform using the <emphasis>&arch-kernel;</emphasis> kernel. It can be " +"necessary to use the <ulink url=\"&url-list-subscribe;\">debian-&arch-" +"listname; mailing list</ulink> as well." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:217 +#, no-c-format +msgid "CPU Support" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:218 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Both AMD64 and Intel 64 processors are supported." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:242 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Three different ARM ports" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:244 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The ARM architecture has evolved over time and modern ARM processors provide " +"features which are not available in older models. &debian; therefore " +"provides three ARM ports to give the best support for a very wide range of " +"different machines:" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:250 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"&debian;/armel targets older 32-bit ARM processors without support for a " +"hardware floating point unit (FPU)," +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:254 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"&debian;/armhf works only on newer 32-bit ARM processors which implement at " +"least the ARMv7 architecture with version 3 of the ARM vector floating point " +"specification (VFPv3). It makes use of the extended features and performance " +"enhancements available on these models." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:261 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"&debian;/arm64 works on 64-bit ARM processors which implement at least the " +"ARMv8 architecture." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:268 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Technically, all currently available ARM CPUs can be run in either endian " +"mode (big or little), but in practice the vast majority use little-endian " +"mode. All of &debian;/arm64, &debian;/armhf and &debian;/armel support only " +"little-endian systems." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:277 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Variations in ARM CPU designs and support complexity" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:279 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"ARM systems are much more heterogeneous than those based on the i386/amd64-" +"based PC architecture, so the support situation can be much more complicated." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:285 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The ARM architecture is used mainly in so-called <quote>system-on-chip</" +"quote> (SoC) designs. These SoCs are designed by many different companies " +"with vastly varying hardware components even for the very basic " +"functionality required to bring the system up. System firmware interfaces " +"have been increasingly standardised over time, but especially on older " +"hardware firmware/boot interfaces vary a great deal, so on these systems the " +"Linux kernel has to take care of many system-specific low-level issues which " +"would be handled by the mainboard's BIOS/UEFI in the PC world." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:297 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"At the beginning of the ARM support in the Linux kernel, the hardware " +"variety resulted in the requirement of having a separate kernel for each ARM " +"system in contrast to the <quote>one-fits-all</quote> kernel for PC systems. " +"As this approach does not scale to a large number of different systems, work " +"was done to allow booting with a single ARM kernel that can run on different " +"ARM systems. Support for newer ARM systems is now implemented in a way that " +"allows the use of such a multiplatform kernel, but for several older systems " +"a separate specific kernel is still required. Because of this, the standard " +"&debian; distribution only supports installation on a selected number of " +"such older ARM systems, alongside the newer systems which are supported by " +"the ARM multiplatform kernels (called <quote>armmp</quote>) in &debian;/" +"armhf." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:313 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The ARM architecture is used mainly in so-called <quote>system-on-chip</" +"quote> (SoC) designs. These SoCs are designed by many different companies, " +"often with vastly varying hardware components even for the very basic " +"functionality required to bring the system up. Older versions of the ARM " +"architecture have seen massive differences from one SoC to the next, but " +"ARMv8 (arm64) is much more standardised and so is easier for the Linux " +"kernel and other software to support." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:324 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Server versions of ARMv8 hardware are typically configured using the Unified " +"Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) and Advanced Configuration and Power " +"Interface (ACPI) standards. These two provide common, device-independent " +"ways to boot and configure computer hardware. They are also common in the " +"x86 PC world." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:334 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Platforms supported by Debian/arm64" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:336 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Arm64/AArch64/ARMv8 hardware became available quite late in the &debian; " +"&releasename-cap; release cycle so not many platforms had support merged in " +"the mainline kernel version by the time of this release; this is the main " +"requirement to have &d-i; working on them. The following platforms are known " +"to be supported by &debian;/arm64 in this release. There is only one kernel " +"image, which supports all the listed platforms." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:348 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Applied Micro (APM) Mustang/X-Gene" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:350 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The APM Mustang was the first Linux-capable ARMv8 system available. It uses " +"the X-gene SoC, which has since also been used in other machines. It is an 8-" +"core CPU, with ethernet, USB and serial. A common form-factor looks just " +"like a desktop PC box, but many other versions are expected in the future. " +"Most of the hardware is supported in the mainline kernel, but at this point " +"USB support is lacking in the &releasename-cap; kernel." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:364 +#, no-c-format +msgid "ARM Juno Development Platform" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:366 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Juno is a capable development board with a 6-core (2xA57, 4xA53) ARMv8-A " +"800Mhz CPU, Mali (T624) graphics, 8GB DDR3 RAM, Ethernet, USB, Serial. It " +"was designed for system bring-up and power testing so is neither small nor " +"cheap, but was one of the first boards available. All the on-board hardware " +"is supported in the mainline kernel and in &releasename-cap;." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:380 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"When using &d-i; on non-UEFI systems, you may have to manually make the " +"system bootable at the end of the installation, e.g. by running the required " +"commands in a shell started from within &d-i;. flash-kernel knows how to set " +"up an X-Gene system booting with U-Boot." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:388 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Other platforms" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:389 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The multiplatform support in the arm64 Linux kernel may also allow running " +"&d-i; on arm64 systems not explicitly listed above. So long as the kernel " +"used by &d-i; has support for the target system's components, and a device-" +"tree file for that target is available, a new target system may work just " +"fine. In these cases, the installer can usually provide a working " +"installation, and so long as UEFI is in use, it should be able to make the " +"system bootable as well. If UEFI is not used you may also need to perform " +"some manual configuration steps to make the system bootable." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:405 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Platforms supported by Debian/armhf" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:407 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The following systems are known to work with &debian;/armhf using the " +"multiplatform (armmp) kernel:" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:414 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Freescale MX53 Quick Start Board (MX53 LOCO Board)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:416 +#, no-c-format +msgid "The IMX53QSB is a development board based on the i.MX53 SoC." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:423 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Versatile Express" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:425 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The Versatile Express is a development board series from ARM consisting of a " +"baseboard which can be equipped with various CPU daughter boards." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:434 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Certain Allwinner sunXi-based development boards and embedded systems" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:437 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The armmp kernel supports several development boards and embedded systems " +"based on the Allwinner A10 (architecture codename <quote>sun4i</quote>), " +"A10s/A13 (architecture codename <quote>sun5i</quote>), A20 (architecture " +"codename <quote>sun7i</quote>), A31/A31s (architecture codename " +"<quote>sun6i</quote>) and A23/A33 (part of the <quote>sun8i</quote> family) " +"SoCs. Full installer support (including provision of ready-made SD card " +"images with the installer) is currently available for the following sunXi-" +"based systems:" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:451 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Cubietech Cubieboard 1 + 2 / Cubietruck" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:454 +#, no-c-format +msgid "LeMaker Banana Pi and Banana Pro" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:457 +#, no-c-format +msgid "LinkSprite pcDuino and pcDuino3" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:460 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Olimex A10-Olinuxino-LIME / A20-Olinuxino-LIME / A20-Olinuxino-LIME2 / A20-" +"Olinuxino Micro / A20-SOM-EVB" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:464 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Xunlong OrangePi Plus" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:470 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"System support for Allwinner sunXi-based devices is limited to drivers and " +"device-tree information available in the mainline Linux kernel. Vendor-" +"specific kernel trees (such as the Allwinner SDK kernels) and the android-" +"derived linux-sunxi.org kernel 3.4 series are not supported by &debian;." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:478 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The mainline Linux kernel generally supports serial console, ethernet, SATA, " +"USB and MMC/SD-cards on Allwinner A10, A10s/A13, A20, A23/A33 and A31/A31s " +"SoCs. The level of support for local display (HDMI/VGA/LCD) and audio " +"hardware varies between individual systems. For most systems, the kernel " +"doesn't have native graphics drivers but instead uses the <quote>simplefb</" +"quote> infrastructure in which the bootloader initializes the display and " +"the kernel just re-uses the pre-initialized framebuffer. This generally " +"works reasonably well, although it results in certain limitations (the " +"display resolution cannot be changed on the fly and display powermanagement " +"is not possible)." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:493 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Onboard flash memory intended to be used as a mass storage device generally " +"exists in two basic variants on sunXi-based systems: raw NAND flash and eMMC " +"flash. Most older sunXi-based boards with onboard flash storage use raw NAND " +"flash for which support is not generally available in the mainline kernel " +"and therefore also not in Debian. A number of newer systems use eMMC flash " +"instead of raw NAND flash. An eMMC flash chip basically appears as a fast, " +"non-removable SD card and is supported in the same way as a regular SD card." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:506 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The installer includes basic support for a number of sunXi-based systems not " +"listed above, but it is largely untested on those systems as the &debian; " +"project doesn't have access to the corresponding hardware. No pre-built SD " +"card images with the installer are provided for those systems. Development " +"boards with such limited support include:" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:515 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Olimex A10s-Olinuxino Micro / A13-Olinuxino / A13-Olinuxino Micro" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:519 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Sinovoip BPI-M2 (A31s-based)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:522 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Xunlong Orange Pi (A20-based) / Orange Pi Mini (A20-based)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:527 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"In addition to the SoCs and systems listed above, the installer has very " +"limited support for the Allwinner H3 SoC and a number of boards based on it. " +"Mainline kernel support for the H3 is still largely work in progress at the " +"time of the Debian 9 release freeze, so the installer only supports serial " +"console, MMC/SD and the USB host controller on H3-based systems. There is no " +"driver for the on-board ethernet port of the H3 yet, so networking is only " +"possible with a USB ethernet adaptor or a USB wifi dongle. Systems based on " +"the H3 for which such very basic installer support is available include:" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:540 +#, no-c-format +msgid "FriendlyARM NanoPi NEO" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:543 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Xunlong Orange Pi Lite / Orange Pi One / Orange Pi PC / Orange Pi PC Plus / " +"Orange Pi Plus / Orange Pi Plus 2E / Orange Pi 2" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:554 +#, no-c-format +msgid "NVIDIA Jetson TK1" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:556 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The NVIDIA Jetson TK1 is a developer board based on the Tegra K1 chip (also " +"known as Tegra 124). The Tegra K1 features a quad-core 32-bit ARM Cortex-A15 " +"CPU and Kepler GPU (GK20A) with 192 CUDA cores. Other systems based on the " +"Tegra 124 may work, too." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:567 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Seagate Personal Cloud and Seagate NAS" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:569 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The Seagate Personal Cloud and Seagate NAS are NAS devices based on " +"Marvell's Armada 370 platform. Debian supports the Personal Cloud (SRN21C), " +"Personal Cloud 2-Bay (SRN22C), Seagate NAS 2-Bay (SRPD20) and Seagate NAS 4-" +"Bay (SRPD40)." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:579 +#, no-c-format +msgid "SolidRun Cubox-i2eX / Cubox-i4Pro" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:581 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The Cubox-i series is a set of small, cubical-shaped systems based on the " +"Freescale i.MX6 SoC family. System support for the Cubox-i series is limited " +"to drivers and device-tree information available in the mainline Linux " +"kernel; the Freescale 3.0 kernel series for the Cubox-i is not supported by " +"&debian;. Available drivers in the mainline kernel include serial console, " +"ethernet, USB, MMC/SD-card and display support over HDMI (console and X11). " +"In addition to that, the eSATA port on the Cubox-i4Pro is supported." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:596 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Wandboard" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:598 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The Wandboard Quad, Dual and Solo are development boards based on the " +"Freescale i.MX6 Quad SoC. System support is limited to drivers and device-" +"tree information available in the mainline Linux kernel; the wandboard-" +"specific 3.0 and 3.10 kernel series from wandboard.org are not supported by " +"&debian;. The mainline kernel includes driver support for serial console, " +"display via HDMI (console and X11), ethernet, USB, MMC/SD, SATA (Quad only) " +"and analog audio. Support for the other audio options (S/PDIF, HDMI-Audio) " +"and for the onboard WLAN/Bluetooth module is untested or not available in " +"&debian; 9." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:616 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Generally, the ARM multiplatform support in the Linux kernel allows running " +"&d-i; on armhf systems not explicitly listed above, as long as the kernel " +"used by &d-i; has support for the target system's components and a device-" +"tree file for the target is available. In these cases, the installer can " +"usually provide a working installation, but it may not be able to " +"automatically make the system bootable. Doing that in many cases requires " +"device-specific information." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:628 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"When using &d-i; on such systems, you may have to manually make the system " +"bootable at the end of the installation, e.g. by running the required " +"commands in a shell started from within &d-i;." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:637 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Platforms no longer supported by Debian/armhf" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:641 +#, no-c-format +msgid "EfikaMX" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:642 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The EfikaMX platform (Genesi Efika Smartbook and Genesi EfikaMX nettop) was " +"supported in &debian; 7 with a platform-specific kernel, but is no longer " +"supported from &debian; 8 onwards. The code required to build the formerly " +"used platform-specific kernel has been removed from the upstream Linux " +"kernel source in 2012, so &debian; cannot provide newer builds. Using the " +"armmp multiplatform kernel on the EfikaMX platform would require device-tree " +"support for it, which is currently not available." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:660 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Platforms supported by Debian/armel" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:662 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The following platforms are supported by &debian;/armel; they require " +"platform-specific kernels." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:670 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Kirkwood" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:671 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Kirkwood is a system-on-chip (SoC) from Marvell that integrates an ARM CPU, " +"Ethernet, SATA, USB, and other functionality in one chip. &debian; currently " +"supports the following Kirkwood based devices:" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: ulink +#: hardware.xml:679 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Plug computers (SheevaPlug, GuruPlug, DreamPlug and Seagate FreeAgent " +"DockStar)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:682 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"<ulink url=\"&url-arm-cyrius-qnap-kirkwood;\">QNAP Turbo Station</ulink> " +"(all TS-11x/TS-12x, HS-210, TS-21x/TS-22x and TS-41x/TS-42x models)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:686 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"LaCie NASes (Network Space v2, Network Space Max v2, Internet Space v2, d2 " +"Network v2, 2Big Network v2 and 5Big Network v2)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:690 +#, no-c-format +msgid "OpenRD (OpenRD-Base, OpenRD-Client and OpenRD-Ultimate)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:699 hardware.xml:743 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Orion5x" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:700 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Orion is a system-on-chip (SoC) from Marvell that integrates an ARM CPU, " +"Ethernet, SATA, USB, and other functionality in one chip. There are many " +"Network Attached Storage (NAS) devices on the market that are based on an " +"Orion chip. &debian; currently supports the following Orion based devices: " +"<ulink url=\"&url-arm-cyrius-kuroboxpro;\">Buffalo Kurobox</ulink> and " +"<ulink url=\"&url-arm-cyrius-mv2120;\">HP mv2120</ulink>." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:714 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Versatile" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:715 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The Versatile platform is emulated by QEMU and is therefore a nice way to " +"test and run &debian; on ARM if you don't have real hardware." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:728 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Platforms and devices no longer supported by Debian/armel" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:732 +#, no-c-format +msgid "IXP4xx" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:733 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Support for the Intel IXP4xx platform has been dropped in &debian; 9. The " +"Linksys NSLU2 device is based on IXP4xx and is therefore no longer supported." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:744 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Support for the D-Link DNS-323 and Conceptronic CH3SNAS devices has been " +"dropped from the Orion5x platform in &debian; 9. The Linux kernel no longer " +"fits into the flash on these devices. Other Orion devices, such as Buffalo " +"Kurobox and HP mv2120, are still supported." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:763 hardware.xml:931 hardware.xml:1374 +#, no-c-format +msgid "CPU, Main Boards, and Video Support" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:764 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Complete information concerning supported peripherals can be found at <ulink " +"url=\"&url-hardware-howto;\">Linux Hardware Compatibility HOWTO</ulink>. " +"This section merely outlines the basics." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:772 hardware.xml:875 +#, no-c-format +msgid "<title>CPU</title>" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:773 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Nearly all x86-based (IA-32) processors still in use in personal computers " +"are supported. This also includes 32-bit AMD and VIA (former Cyrix) " +"processors, and processors like the Athlon XP and Intel P4 Xeon." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:780 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"However, &debian; GNU/Linux &releasename; will <emphasis>not</emphasis> run " +"on 586 (Pentium) or earlier processors." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:786 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"If your system has a 64-bit processor from the AMD64 or Intel 64 families, " +"you will probably want to use the installer for the amd64 architecture " +"instead of the installer for the (32-bit) i386 architecture." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:795 +#, no-c-format +msgid "I/O Bus" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:796 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The system bus is the part of the motherboard which allows the CPU to " +"communicate with peripherals such as storage devices. Your computer must use " +"the PCI, PCIe, or PCI-X bus. Essentially all personal computers sold in " +"recent years use one of these." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:813 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Platforms supported by the &debian; &architecture; port" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:815 +#, no-c-format +msgid "&debian; on &arch-title; supports the following platforms:" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:821 +#, no-c-format +msgid "<term>Cavium Octeon</term>" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:823 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Cavium designs a range of 64-bit MIPS Octeon processors which are mainly " +"used in networking devices. Devices with these processors include the " +"Ubiquiti EdgeRouter and the Rhino Labs UTM8." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:832 +#, no-c-format +msgid "<term>Loongson 3</term>" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:834 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Devices based on the Loongson 3A and 3B processors are supported." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:842 +#, no-c-format +msgid "<term>MIPS Malta</term>" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:844 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"This platform is emulated by QEMU and is therefore a nice way to test and " +"run &debian; on MIPS if you don't have the hardware." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:848 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"There are two Malta kernel flavours: 4kc-malta is built for 32-bit " +"processors, and 5kc-malta is built for 64-bit processors." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:856 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"In addition, other boards which contain <phrase arch=\"mips;mipsel" +"\">MIPS32r2 or</phrase> MIPS64r2 based processors should also be able to run " +"&debian;, however kernels for these processors are not built and the " +"&debian; installer does not directly support them." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:864 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Complete information regarding supported mips/mipsel/mips64el machines can " +"be found at the <ulink url=\"&url-linux-mips;\">Linux-MIPS homepage</ulink>. " +"In the following, only the systems supported by the &debian; installer will " +"be covered. If you are looking for support for other subarchitectures, " +"please contact the <ulink url=\"&url-list-subscribe;\"> debian-&arch-" +"listname; mailing list</ulink>." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:876 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Some MIPS machines can be operated in both big and little endian mode. " +"<phrase arch=\"mips64el;mipsel\"> For little endian MIPS, please read the " +"documentation for the mipsel and mips64el architectures. </phrase> <phrase " +"arch=\"mips\"> For big endian MIPS, please read the documentation for the " +"mips architecture. </phrase>" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:891 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Platforms no longer supported by the &debian; &architecture; port" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:892 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Since &debian; Stretch, support for all MIPS processors which do not " +"implement MIPS32 Release 2 have been dropped. Therefore the following " +"platforms supported in Jessie are no longer supported:" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:899 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Loongson 2E and 2F" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: listitem +#: hardware.xml:900 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"These are the older Loongson processors. Devices based on them include the " +"Fuloong Mini-PC and the Lemote Yeeloong laptop." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:906 +#, no-c-format +msgid "SGI IP22" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: listitem +#: hardware.xml:907 +#, no-c-format +msgid "This platform includes the SGI machines Indy, Indigo 2 and Challenge S." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:912 +#, no-c-format +msgid "SGI IP32" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: listitem +#: hardware.xml:913 +#, no-c-format +msgid "This platform is generally known as SGI O2." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:916 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Broadcom BCM91250" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: listitem +#: hardware.xml:917 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Development board for Broadcom's SiByte core. Also known by its codename " +"SWARM." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:932 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"For &debian-gnu; &release; only the PMac (Power-Macintosh or PowerMac) and " +"PreP subarchitectures are supported." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:953 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Kernel Flavours" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:955 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"There are two flavours of the powerpc kernel in &debian;, based on the CPU " +"type:" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:962 +#, no-c-format +msgid "powerpc" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:963 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"This kernel flavour supports the PowerPC 601, 603, 604, 740, 750, and 7400 " +"processors. All Apple PowerMac machines up to and including the one marketed " +"as G4 use one of these processors." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:973 +#, no-c-format +msgid "powerpc-smp" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:974 +#, no-c-format +msgid "All Apple PowerMac G4 SMP machines." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:982 +#, no-c-format +msgid "power64" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:983 +#, no-c-format +msgid "The power64 kernel flavour supports the following CPUs:" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:987 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The POWER3 processor is used in older IBM 64-bit server systems: known " +"models include the IntelliStation POWER Model 265, the pSeries 610 and 640, " +"and the RS/6000 7044-170, 7043-260, and 7044-270." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:993 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The POWER4 processor is used in more recent IBM 64-bit server systems: known " +"models include the pSeries 615, 630, 650, 655, 670, and 690." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:998 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Systems using the PPC970 processor (Apple G5, YDL PowerStation, IBM " +"Intellistation POWER 185) are also based on the POWER4 architecture, and use " +"this kernel flavour." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1004 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Newer IBM systems using POWER5, POWER6, and POWER7 processors." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1037 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Power Macintosh (pmac) subarchitecture" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1039 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Apple (and briefly a few other manufacturers — Power Computing, for " +"example) made a series of Macintosh computers based on the PowerPC " +"processor. For purposes of architecture support, they are categorized as " +"NuBus (not supported by &debian;), OldWorld, and NewWorld." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1046 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"OldWorld systems are most Power Macintoshes with a floppy drive and a PCI " +"bus. Most 603, 603e, 604, and 604e based Power Macintoshes are OldWorld " +"machines. Those pre-iMac PowerPC models from Apple use a four digit naming " +"scheme, except for the beige colored G3 systems, which are also OldWorld." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1054 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The so called NewWorld PowerMacs are any PowerMacs in translucent colored " +"plastic cases and later models. That includes all iMacs, iBooks, G4 systems, " +"blue colored G3 systems, and most PowerBooks manufactured in and after 1999. " +"The NewWorld PowerMacs are also known for using the <quote>ROM in RAM</" +"quote> system for MacOS, and were manufactured from mid-1998 onwards." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1062 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Specifications for Apple hardware are available at <ulink url=\"http://www." +"info.apple.com/support/applespec.html\">AppleSpec</ulink>, and, for older " +"hardware, <ulink url=\"http://www.info.apple.com/support/applespec.legacy/" +"index.html\">AppleSpec Legacy</ulink>." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1078 hardware.xml:1213 hardware.xml:1257 hardware.xml:1290 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Model Name/Number" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1079 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Generation" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1085 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Apple" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1086 +#, no-c-format +msgid "iMac Bondi Blue, 5 Flavors, Slot Loading" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1087 hardware.xml:1090 hardware.xml:1093 hardware.xml:1096 +#: hardware.xml:1099 hardware.xml:1102 hardware.xml:1105 hardware.xml:1108 +#: hardware.xml:1111 hardware.xml:1114 hardware.xml:1117 hardware.xml:1120 +#: hardware.xml:1123 hardware.xml:1126 hardware.xml:1129 hardware.xml:1132 +#, no-c-format +msgid "NewWorld" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1089 +#, no-c-format +msgid "iMac Summer 2000, Early 2001" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1092 +#, no-c-format +msgid "iMac G5" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1095 +#, no-c-format +msgid "iBook, iBook SE, iBook Dual USB" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1098 +#, no-c-format +msgid "iBook2" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1101 +#, no-c-format +msgid "iBook G4" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1104 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Power Macintosh Blue and White (B&W) G3" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1107 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Power Macintosh G4 PCI, AGP, Cube" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1110 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Power Macintosh G4 Gigabit Ethernet" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1113 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Power Macintosh G4 Digital Audio, Quicksilver" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1116 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Power Macintosh G5" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1119 +#, no-c-format +msgid "PowerBook G3 FireWire Pismo (2000)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1122 +#, no-c-format +msgid "PowerBook G3 Lombard (1999)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1125 +#, no-c-format +msgid "PowerBook G4 Titanium" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1128 +#, no-c-format +msgid "PowerBook G4 Aluminum" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1131 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Xserve G5" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1134 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Performa 4400, 54xx, 5500" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1135 hardware.xml:1138 hardware.xml:1141 hardware.xml:1144 +#: hardware.xml:1147 hardware.xml:1150 hardware.xml:1153 hardware.xml:1156 +#: hardware.xml:1159 hardware.xml:1162 hardware.xml:1165 hardware.xml:1168 +#: hardware.xml:1174 hardware.xml:1177 hardware.xml:1183 hardware.xml:1189 +#: hardware.xml:1195 +#, no-c-format +msgid "OldWorld" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1137 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Performa 6360, 6400, 6500" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1140 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Power Macintosh 4400, 5400" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1143 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Power Macintosh 7200, 7300, 7500, 7600" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1146 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Power Macintosh 8200, 8500, 8600" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1149 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Power Macintosh 9500, 9600" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1152 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Power Macintosh (Beige) G3 Minitower" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1155 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Power Macintosh (Beige) Desktop, All-in-One" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1158 +#, no-c-format +msgid "PowerBook 2400, 3400, 3500" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1161 +#, no-c-format +msgid "PowerBook G3 Wallstreet (1998)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1164 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Twentieth Anniversary Macintosh" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1167 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Workgroup Server 7250, 7350, 8550, 9650, G3" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1172 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Power Computing" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1173 +#, no-c-format +msgid "PowerBase, PowerTower / Pro, PowerWave" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1176 +#, no-c-format +msgid "PowerCenter / Pro, PowerCurve" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1181 +#, no-c-format +msgid "UMAX" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1182 +#, no-c-format +msgid "C500, C600, J700, S900" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1187 +#, no-c-format +msgid "<entry>APS</entry>" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1188 +#, no-c-format +msgid "APS Tech M*Power 604e/2000" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1193 hardware.xml:1219 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Motorola" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1194 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Starmax 3000, 4000, 5000, 5500" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1203 +#, no-c-format +msgid "PReP subarchitecture" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1220 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Firepower, PowerStack Series E, PowerStack II" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1222 +#, no-c-format +msgid "MPC 7xx, 8xx" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1224 +#, no-c-format +msgid "MTX, MTX+" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1226 +#, no-c-format +msgid "MVME2300(SC)/24xx/26xx/27xx/36xx/46xx" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1228 +#, no-c-format +msgid "MCP(N)750" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1232 hardware.xml:1263 +#, no-c-format +msgid "IBM RS/6000" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1233 +#, no-c-format +msgid "40P, 43P" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1235 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Power 830/850/860 (6070, 6050)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1237 +#, no-c-format +msgid "6030, 7025, 7043" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1239 +#, no-c-format +msgid "p640" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1247 +#, no-c-format +msgid "CHRP subarchitecture" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1264 +#, no-c-format +msgid "B50, 43P-150, 44P" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1267 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Genesi" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1268 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Pegasos I, Pegasos II" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1271 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Fixstars" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1272 +#, no-c-format +msgid "YDL PowerStation" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1280 +#, no-c-format +msgid "APUS subarchitecture (unsupported)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1296 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Amiga Power-UP Systems (APUS)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: hardware.xml:1297 +#, no-c-format +msgid "A1200, A3000, A4000" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1305 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Nubus PowerMac subarchitecture (unsupported)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1307 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"NuBus systems are not currently supported by &debian;/powerpc. The " +"monolithic Linux/PPC kernel architecture does not have support for these " +"machines; instead, one must use the MkLinux Mach microkernel, which &debian; " +"does not yet support. These include the following: <itemizedlist> " +"<listitem><para> Power Macintosh 6100, 7100, 8100 </para></listitem> " +"<listitem><para> Performa 5200, 6200, 6300 </para></listitem> " +"<listitem><para> Powerbook 1400, 2300, and 5300 </para></listitem> " +"<listitem><para> Workgroup Server 6150, 8150, 9150 </para></listitem> </" +"itemizedlist> A linux kernel for these machines and limited support is " +"available at <ulink url=\"http://nubus-pmac.sourceforge.net/\"></ulink>." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1344 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Non-PowerPC Macs" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1346 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Macintosh computers using the 680x0 series of processors are <emphasis>not</" +"emphasis> in the PowerPC family but are instead m68k machines. Those models " +"start with <quote>Mac II</quote> series, go on to the <quote>LC</quote> " +"family, then the Centris series, and culminate in the Quadras and Performas. " +"These models usually have a Roman numeral or 3-digit model number such as " +"Mac IIcx, LCIII or Quadra 950." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1355 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"This model range started with the Mac II (Mac II, IIx, IIcx, IIci, IIsi, " +"IIvi, IIvx, IIfx), then the LC (LC, LCII, III, III+, 475, 520, 550, 575, " +"580, 630), then the Mac TV, then the Centris (610, 650, 660AV), the Quadra " +"(605, 610, 630, 650, 660AV, 700, 800, 840AV, 900, 950), and finally the " +"Performa 200-640CD." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1363 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"In laptops, it started with the Mac Portable, then the PowerBook 100-190cs " +"and the PowerBook Duo 210-550c (excluding PowerBook 500 which is Nubus, " +"please see the section above)." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1377 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Machines" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1380 +#, no-c-format +msgid "S822L" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1385 +#, no-c-format +msgid "S821L" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1390 +#, no-c-format +msgid "S822" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1395 +#, no-c-format +msgid "S821" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1400 +#, no-c-format +msgid "TYAN GN70-BP010" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1415 +#, no-c-format +msgid "zSeries and System z machine types" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1416 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The minimum required z/Architecture processor type is z196. The most current " +"information about IBM's Linux support can be found at the <ulink url=" +"\"http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/linux390/development_technical.html" +"\"> Linux on <trademark class=\"registered\">System z</trademark> page on " +"developerWorks</ulink>." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1429 +#, no-c-format +msgid "PAV and HyperPAV" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1430 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"PAV and HyperPAV are supported transparently, multipathing is not needed to " +"take advantage of these storage system features. Be sure to configure the " +"devices during DASD device selection. The alias devices will not be offered " +"neither for formatting, partitioning nor direct use." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1446 +#, no-c-format +msgid "CPU and Main Boards Support" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1447 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Sparc-based hardware is divided into a number of different subarchitectures, " +"identified by one of the following names: sun4, sun4c, sun4d, sun4m, sun4u " +"or sun4v. The following list describes what machines they include and what " +"level of support may be expected for each of them." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:1458 +#, no-c-format +msgid "sun4, sun4c, sun4d, sun4m" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1460 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"None of these 32-bit sparc subarchitectures (sparc32) is supported. For a " +"complete list of machines belonging to these subarchitectures, please " +"consult the <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPARCstation" +"\">Wikipedia SPARCstation page</ulink>." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1467 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The last &debian; release to support sparc32 was Etch, but even then only " +"for sun4m systems. Support for the other 32-bits subarchitectures had " +"already been discontinued after earlier releases." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:1477 +#, no-c-format +msgid "sun4u" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1479 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"This subarchitecture includes all 64-bit machines (sparc64) based on the " +"UltraSparc processor and its clones. Most of the machines are well " +"supported, even though for some you may experience problems booting from CD " +"due to firmware or bootloader bugs (this problem may be worked around by " +"using netbooting). Use the sparc64 or sparc64-smp kernel in UP and SMP " +"configurations respectively." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: term +#: hardware.xml:1492 +#, no-c-format +msgid "sun4v" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1494 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"This is the newest addition to the Sparc family, which includes machines " +"based on the Niagara multi-core CPUs. At the moment such CPUs are only " +"available in T1000 and T2000 servers by Sun, and are well supported. Use the " +"sparc64-smp kernel." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1505 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Note that Fujitsu's SPARC64 CPUs used in PRIMEPOWER family of servers are " +"not supported due to lack of support in the Linux kernel." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1514 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Laptops" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1515 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"From a technical point of view, laptops are normal PCs, so all information " +"regarding PC systems applies to laptops as well. Installations on laptops " +"nowadays usually work out of the box, including things like automatically " +"suspending the system on closing the lid and laptop specfic hardware buttons " +"like those for disabling the wifi interfaces (<quote>airplane mode</quote>). " +"Nonetheless sometimes the hardware vendors use specialized or proprietary " +"hardware for some laptop-specific functions which might not be supported. To " +"see if your particular laptop works well with GNU/Linux, see for example the " +"<ulink url=\"&url-x86-laptop;\">Linux Laptop pages</ulink>." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1532 hardware.xml:1552 hardware.xml:1574 hardware.xml:1597 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Multiple Processors" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1533 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Multiprocessor support — also called <quote>symmetric multiprocessing</" +"quote> or SMP — is available for this architecture. Having multiple " +"processors in a computer was originally only an issue for high-end server " +"systems but has become common in recent years nearly everywhere with the " +"introduction of so called <quote>multi-core</quote> processors. These " +"contain two or more processor units, called <quote>cores</quote>, in one " +"physical chip." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1543 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The standard &debian; &release; kernel image has been compiled with SMP " +"support. It is also usable on non-SMP systems without problems." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1554 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Multiprocessor support — also called <quote>symmetric multiprocessing</" +"quote> or SMP — is available for this architecture. The standard " +"&debian; &release; kernel image has been compiled with <firstterm>SMP-" +"alternatives</firstterm> support. This means that the kernel will detect the " +"number of processors (or processor cores) and will automatically deactivate " +"SMP on uniprocessor systems." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1563 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Having multiple processors in a computer was originally only an issue for " +"high-end server systems but has become common in recent years nearly " +"everywhere with the introduction of so called <quote>multi-core</quote> " +"processors. These contain two or more processor units, called <quote>cores</" +"quote>, in one physical chip." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1575 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Multiprocessor support — also called <quote>symmetric multiprocessing</" +"quote> or SMP — is available for this architecture. However, the " +"standard &debian; &release; kernel image does not support SMP. This should " +"not prevent installation, since the standard, non-SMP kernel should boot on " +"SMP systems; the kernel will simply use only the first CPU." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1584 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"In order to take advantage of multiple processors, you'll have to replace " +"the standard &debian; kernel.<phrase arch=\"linux-any\"> You can find a " +"discussion of how to do this in <xref linkend=\"kernel-baking\"/>. At this " +"time (kernel version &kernelversion;) the way you enable SMP is to select " +"<quote>&smp-config-option;</quote> in the <quote>&smp-config-section;</" +"quote> section of the kernel config.</phrase>" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1598 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Multiprocessor support — also called <quote>symmetric multiprocessing</" +"quote> or SMP — is available for this architecture, and is supported " +"by a precompiled &debian; kernel image. Depending on your install media, " +"this SMP-capable kernel may or may not be installed by default. This should " +"not prevent installation, since the standard, non-SMP kernel should boot on " +"SMP systems; the kernel will simply use the first CPU." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1608 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"In order to take advantage of multiple processors, you should check to see " +"if a kernel package that supports SMP is installed, and if not, choose an " +"appropriate kernel package." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1614 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"You can also build your own customized kernel to support SMP.<phrase arch=" +"\"linux-any\"> You can find a discussion of how to do this in <xref linkend=" +"\"kernel-baking\"/>. At this time (kernel version &kernelversion;) the way " +"you enable SMP is to select <quote>&smp-config-option;</quote> in the " +"<quote>&smp-config-section;</quote> section of the kernel config.</phrase>" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1625 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Graphics Hardware Support" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1626 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"&debian;'s support for graphical interfaces is determined by the underlying " +"support found in X.Org's X11 system, and the kernel. Basic framebuffer " +"graphics is provided by the kernel, whilst desktop environments use X11. " +"Whether advanced graphics card features such as 3D-hardware acceleration or " +"hardware-accelerated video are available, depends on the actual graphics " +"hardware used in the system and in some cases on the installation of " +"additional <quote>firmware</quote> images (see <xref linkend=\"hardware-" +"firmware\"/>)." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1638 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"On modern PCs, having a graphical display usually works out of the box. In " +"very few cases there have been reports about hardware on which installation " +"of additional graphics card firmware was required even for basic graphics " +"support, but these have been rare exceptions. For quite a lot of hardware, " +"3D acceleration also works well out of the box, but there is still some " +"hardware that needs binary blobs to work well." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1649 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Nearly all ARM machines have the graphics hardware built-in, rather than " +"being on a plug-in card. Some machines do have expansion slots which will " +"take graphics cards, but that is a rarity. Hardware designed to be headless " +"with no graphics at all is quite common. Whilst basic framebuffer video " +"provided by the kernel should work on all devices that have graphics, fast " +"3D graphics invariably needs binary drivers to work. The situation is " +"changing quickly but at the time of the &releasename; release free drivers " +"for nouveau (Nvidia Tegra K1 SoC) and freedreno (Qualcomm Snapdragon SoCs) " +"are available in the release. Other hardware needs non-free drivers from 3rd " +"parties." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1663 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Details on supported graphics hardware and pointing devices can be found at " +"<ulink url=\"&url-xorg;\"></ulink>. &debian; &release; ships with X.Org " +"version &x11ver;." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1668 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Most graphics options commonly found on Sparc-based machines are supported. " +"X.org graphics drivers are available for sunbw2, suncg14, suncg3, suncg6, " +"sunleo and suntcx framebuffers, Creator3D and Elite3D cards (sunffb driver), " +"PGX24/PGX64 ATI-based video cards (ati driver), and PermediaII-based cards " +"(glint driver). To use an Elite3D card with X.org you additionally need to " +"install the <classname>afbinit</classname> package, and read the " +"documentation included with it on how to activate the card." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1678 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"It is not uncommon for a Sparc machine to have two graphics cards in a " +"default configuration. In such a case there is a possibility that the Linux " +"kernel will not direct its output to the card initially used by the " +"firmware. The lack of output on the graphical console may then be mistaken " +"for a hang (usually the last message seen on console is 'Booting Linux...'). " +"One possible solution is to physically remove one of the video cards; " +"another option is to disable one of the cards using a kernel boot parameter. " +"Also, if graphical output is not required or desired, serial console may be " +"used as an alternative. On some systems use of serial console can be " +"activated automatically by disconnecting the keyboard before booting the " +"system." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1700 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Network Connectivity Hardware" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1701 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Almost any network interface card (NIC) supported by the &arch-kernel; " +"kernel should also be supported by the installation system; drivers should " +"normally be loaded automatically. <phrase arch=\"x86\">This includes most " +"PCI/PCI-Express cards as well as PCMCIA/Express Cards on laptops.</phrase> " +"<phrase arch=\"i386\">Many older ISA cards are supported as well.</phrase>" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1711 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"This includes a lot of generic PCI cards (for systems that have PCI) and the " +"following NICs from Sun:" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1717 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Sun LANCE" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1722 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Sun Happy Meal" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1727 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Sun BigMAC" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1732 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Sun QuadEthernet" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1737 +#, no-c-format +msgid "MyriCOM Gigabit Ethernet" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1744 +#, no-c-format +msgid "The list of supported network devices is:" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1749 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Channel to Channel (CTC) and ESCON connection (real or emulated)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1754 +#, no-c-format +msgid "OSA-2 Token Ring/Ethernet and OSA-Express Fast Ethernet (non-QDIO)" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1759 +#, no-c-format +msgid "OSA-Express in QDIO mode, HiperSockets and Guest-LANs" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1768 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"On &arch-title;, most built-in Ethernet devices are supported and modules " +"for additional PCI and USB devices are provided." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1773 +#, no-c-format +msgid "ISDN is supported, but not during the installation." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1780 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Wireless Network Cards" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1781 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Wireless networking is in general supported as well and a growing number of " +"wireless adapters are supported by the official &arch-kernel; kernel, " +"although many of them do require firmware to be loaded." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1788 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"If firmware is needed, the installer will prompt you to load firmware. See " +"<xref linkend=\"loading-firmware\"/> for detailed information on how to load " +"firmware during the installation." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1793 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Wireless NICs that are not supported by the official &arch-kernel; kernel " +"can generally be made to work under &debian-gnu;, but are not supported " +"during the installation." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1798 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"If there is a problem with wireless and there is no other NIC you can use " +"during the installation, it is still possible to install &debian-gnu; using " +"a full CD-ROM or DVD image. Select the option to not configure a network and " +"install using only the packages available from the CD/DVD. You can then " +"install the driver and firmware you need after the installation is completed " +"(after the reboot) and configure your network manually." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1808 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"In some cases the driver you need may not be available as a &debian; " +"package. You will then have to look if there is source code available in the " +"internet and compile the driver yourself. How to do this is outside the " +"scope of this manual. <phrase arch=\"x86\">If no Linux driver is available, " +"your last resort is to use the <classname>ndiswrapper</classname> package, " +"which allows you to use a Windows driver.</phrase>" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1822 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Known Issues for &arch-title;" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1823 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"There are a couple of issues with specific network cards that are worth " +"mentioning here." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1830 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Conflict between tulip and dfme drivers" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1832 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"There are various PCI network cards that have the same PCI identification, " +"but are supported by related, but different drivers. Some cards work with " +"the <literal>tulip</literal> driver, others with the <literal>dfme</literal> " +"driver. Because they have the same identification, the kernel cannot " +"distinguish between them and it is not certain which driver will be loaded. " +"If this happens to be the wrong one, the NIC may not work, or work badly." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1842 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"This is a common problem on Netra systems with a Davicom (DEC-Tulip " +"compatible) NIC. In that case the <literal>tulip</literal> driver is " +"probably the correct one. You can prevent this issue by blacklisting the " +"wrong driver module as described in <xref linkend=\"module-blacklist\"/>." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1850 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"An alternative solution during the installation is to switch to a shell and " +"unload the wrong driver module using <userinput>modprobe -r " +"<replaceable>module</replaceable></userinput> (or both, if they are both " +"loaded). After that you can load the correct module using " +"<userinput>modprobe <replaceable>module</replaceable></userinput>. Note that " +"the wrong module may then still be loaded when the system is rebooted." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1863 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Sun B100 blade" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1865 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The <literal>cassini</literal> network driver does not work with Sun B100 " +"blade systems." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1880 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Braille Displays" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1881 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Support for braille displays is determined by the underlying support found " +"in <classname>brltty</classname>. Most displays work under " +"<classname>brltty</classname>, connected via either a serial port, USB or " +"bluetooth. Details on supported braille devices can be found on the <ulink " +"url=\"&url-brltty;\"><classname>brltty</classname> website</ulink>. &debian-" +"gnu; &release; ships with <classname>brltty</classname> version &brlttyver;." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1895 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Hardware Speech Synthesis" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1896 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Support for hardware speech synthesis devices is determined by the " +"underlying support found in <classname>speakup</classname>. " +"<classname>speakup</classname> only supports integrated boards and external " +"devices connected to a serial port (no USB, serial-to-USB or PCI adapters " +"are supported). Details on supported hardware speech synthesis devices can " +"be found on the <ulink url=\"&url-speakup;\"><classname>speakup</classname> " +"website</ulink>. &debian-gnu; &release; ships with <classname>speakup</" +"classname> version &speakupver;." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1916 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Peripherals and Other Hardware" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1917 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"&arch-kernel; supports a large variety of hardware devices such as mice, " +"printers, scanners, PCMCIA/CardBus/ExpressCard and USB devices. However, " +"most of these devices are not required while installing the system." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1923 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"USB hardware generally works fine. On some very old PC systems some USB " +"keyboards may require additional configuration (see <xref linkend=\"hardware-" +"issues\"/>). On modern PCs, USB keyboards and mice work without requiring " +"any specific configuration." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1932 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Package installations from XPRAM and tape are not supported by this system. " +"All packages that you want to install need to be available on a DASD or over " +"the network using NFS, HTTP or FTP." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:1945 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Devices Requiring Firmware" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1946 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Besides the availability of a device driver, some hardware also requires so-" +"called <firstterm>firmware</firstterm> or <firstterm>microcode</firstterm> " +"to be loaded into the device before it can become operational. This is most " +"common for network interface cards (especially wireless NICs), but for " +"example some USB devices and even some hard disk controllers also require " +"firmware. With many graphics cards, basic functionality is available without " +"additional firmware, but the use of advanced features requires an " +"appropriate firmware file to be installed in the system." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1957 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"On many older devices which require firmware to work, the firmware file was " +"permanently placed in an EEPROM/Flash chip on the device itself by the " +"manufacturer. Nowadays most new devices do not have the firmware embedded " +"this way anymore, so the firmware file must be uploaded into the device by " +"the host operating system every time the system boots." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1965 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"In most cases firmware is non-free according to the criteria used by the " +"&debian-gnu; project and thus cannot be included in the main distribution or " +"in the installation system. If the device driver itself is included in the " +"distribution and if &debian-gnu; legally can distribute the firmware, it " +"will often be available as a separate package from the non-free section of " +"the archive." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1974 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"However, this does not mean that such hardware cannot be used during an " +"installation. Starting with &debian-gnu; 5.0, &d-i; supports loading " +"firmware files or packages containing firmware from a removable medium, such " +"as a USB stick. See <xref linkend=\"loading-firmware\"/> for detailed " +"information on how to load firmware files or packages during the " +"installation." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:1983 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"If the &d-i; prompts for a firmware file and you do not have this firmware " +"file available or do not want to install a non-free firmware file on your " +"system, you can try to proceed without loading the firmware. There are " +"several cases where a driver prompts for additional firmware because it may " +"be needed under certain circumstances, but the device does work without it " +"on most systems (this e.g. happens with certain network cards using the tg3 " +"driver)." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:2000 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Purchasing Hardware Specifically for GNU/&arch-kernel;" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2002 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"There are several vendors, who ship systems with &debian; or other " +"distributions of GNU/Linux <ulink url=\"&url-pre-installed;\">pre-installed</" +"ulink>. You might pay more for the privilege, but it does buy a level of " +"peace of mind, since you can be sure that the hardware is well-supported by " +"GNU/Linux." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2010 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"If you do have to buy a machine with Windows bundled, carefully read the " +"software license that comes with Windows; you may be able to reject the " +"license and obtain a rebate from your vendor. Searching the Internet for " +"<quote>windows refund</quote> may get you some useful information to help " +"with that." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2018 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Whether or not you are purchasing a system with &arch-kernel; bundled, or " +"even a used system, it is still important to check that your hardware is " +"supported by the &arch-kernel; kernel. Check if your hardware is listed in " +"the references found above. Let your salesperson (if any) know that you're " +"shopping for a &arch-kernel; system. Support &arch-kernel;-friendly hardware " +"vendors." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:2029 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Avoid Proprietary or Closed Hardware" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2030 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Some hardware manufacturers simply won't tell us how to write drivers for " +"their hardware. Others won't allow us access to the documentation without a " +"non-disclosure agreement that would prevent us from releasing the driver's " +"source code, which is one of the central elements of free software. Since we " +"haven't been granted access to usable documentation on these devices, they " +"simply won't work under &arch-kernel;." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2040 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"In many cases there are standards (or at least some de-facto standards) " +"describing how an operating system and its device drivers communicate with a " +"certain class of devices. All devices which comply to such a (de-" +"facto-)standard can be used with a single generic device driver and no " +"device-specific drivers are required. With some kinds of hardware (e.g. USB " +"<quote>Human Interface Devices</quote>, i.e. keyboards, mice, etc., and USB " +"mass storage devices like USB flash disks and memory card readers) this " +"works very well and practically every device sold in the market is standards-" +"compliant." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2052 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"In other fields, among them e.g. printers, this is unfortunately not the " +"case. While there are many printers which can be addressed via a small set " +"of (de-facto-)standard control languages and therefore can be made to work " +"without problems in any operating system, there are quite a few models which " +"only understand proprietary control commands for which no usable " +"documentation is available and therefore either cannot be used at all on " +"free operating systems or can only be used with a vendor-supplied closed-" +"source driver." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2063 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Even if there is a vendor-provided closed-source driver for such hardware " +"when purchasing the device, the practical lifespan of the device is limited " +"by driver availability. Nowadays product cycles have become short and it is " +"not uncommon that a short time after a consumer device has ceased " +"production, no driver updates get made available any more by the " +"manufacturer. If the old closed-source driver does not work anymore after a " +"system update, an otherwise perfectly working device becomes unusable due to " +"lacking driver support and there is nothing that can be done in this case. " +"You should therefore avoid buying closed hardware in the first place, " +"regardless of the operating system you want to use it with." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2076 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"You can help improve this situation by encouraging manufacturers of closed " +"hardware to release the documentation and other resources necessary for us " +"to provide free drivers for their hardware." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:2091 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Installation Media" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2093 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"This section will help you determine which different media types you can use " +"to install &debian;. There is a whole chapter devoted to media, <xref " +"linkend=\"install-methods\"/>, which lists the advantages and disadvantages " +"of each media type. You may want to refer back to this page once you reach " +"that section." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:2103 +#, no-c-format +msgid "CD-ROM/DVD-ROM/BD-ROM" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2105 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Installation from optical disc is supported for most architectures." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2109 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"On PCs SATA, IDE/ATAPI, USB and SCSI optical drives are supported, as are " +"FireWire devices that are supported by the ohci1394 and sbp2 drivers." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:2126 +#, no-c-format +msgid "USB Memory Stick" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2128 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"USB flash disks a.k.a. USB memory sticks have become a commonly used and " +"cheap storage device. Most modern computer systems also allow booting the &d-" +"i; from such a stick. Many modern computer systems, in particular netbooks " +"and thin laptops, do not have an optical drive anymore at all and booting " +"from USB media is the standard way of installing a new operating system on " +"them." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:2140 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Network" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2142 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The network can be used during the installation to retrieve files needed for " +"the installation. Whether the network is used or not depends on the " +"installation method you choose and your answers to certain questions that " +"will be asked during the installation. The installation system supports most " +"types of network connections (including PPPoE, but not ISDN or PPP), via " +"either HTTP or FTP. After the installation is completed, you can also " +"configure your system to use ISDN and PPP." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2152 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"You can also <emphasis>boot</emphasis> the installation system over the " +"network without needing any local media like CDs/DVDs or USB sticks. If you " +"already have a netboot-infrastructure available (i.e. you are already " +"running DHCP and TFTP services in your network), this allows an easy and " +"fast deployment of a large number of machines. Setting up the necessary " +"infrastructure requires a certain level of technical experience, so this is " +"not recommended for novice users. <phrase arch=\"mips;mipsel;mips64el\">This " +"is the preferred installation technique for &arch-title;.</phrase>" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2165 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Diskless installation, using network booting from a local area network and " +"NFS-mounting of all local filesystems, is another option." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:2174 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Hard Disk" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2176 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Booting the installation system directly from a hard disk is another option " +"for many architectures. This will require some other operating system to " +"load the installer onto the hard disk. This method is only recommended for " +"special cases when no other installation method is available." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2183 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Although the &arch-title; does not allow booting from SunOS (Solaris), you " +"can install from a SunOS partition (UFS slices)." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:2192 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Un*x or GNU system" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2194 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"If you are running another Unix-like system, you could use it to install " +"&debian-gnu; without using the &d-i; described in the rest of this manual. " +"This kind of install may be useful for users with otherwise unsupported " +"hardware or on hosts which can't afford downtime. If you are interested in " +"this technique, skip to the <xref linkend=\"linux-upgrade\"/>. This " +"installation method is only recommended for advanced users when no other " +"installation method is available." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:2207 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Supported Storage Systems" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2209 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The &debian; installer contains a kernel which is built to maximize the " +"number of systems it runs on." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2213 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Generally, the &debian; installation system includes support for IDE (also " +"known as PATA) drives, SATA and SCSI controllers and drives, USB, and " +"FireWire. The supported file systems include FAT, Win-32 FAT extensions " +"(VFAT) and NTFS." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2230 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Any storage system supported by the Linux kernel is also supported by the " +"boot system. The following SCSI drivers are supported in the default kernel: " +"<itemizedlist> <listitem><para> Sparc ESP </para></listitem> " +"<listitem><para> PTI Qlogic,ISP </para></listitem> <listitem><para> Adaptec " +"AIC7xxx </para></listitem> <listitem><para> NCR and Symbios 53C8XX </para></" +"listitem> </itemizedlist> IDE systems (such as the UltraSPARC 5) are also " +"supported. See <ulink url=\"&url-sparc-linux-faq;\">Linux for SPARC " +"Processors FAQ</ulink> for more information on SPARC hardware supported by " +"the Linux kernel." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2275 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Any storage system supported by the Linux kernel is also supported by the " +"boot system." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2280 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Any storage system supported by the Linux kernel is also supported by the " +"boot system. This means that FBA and ECKD DASDs are supported with the old " +"Linux disk layout (ldl) and the new common S/390 disk layout (cdl)." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: hardware.xml:2297 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Memory and Disk Space Requirements" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2299 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"You must have at least &minimum-memory; of memory and &minimum-fs-size; of " +"hard disk space to perform a normal installation. Note that these are fairly " +"minimal numbers. For more realistic figures, see <xref linkend=\"minimum-" +"hardware-reqts\"/>." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: hardware.xml:2306 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Installation on systems with less memory<footnote condition=\"gtk\"> <para> " +"Installation images that support the graphical installer require more memory " +"than images that support only the textual installer and should not be used " +"on systems with less than &minimum-memory; of memory. If there is a choice " +"between booting the text-based and the graphical installer, the former " +"should be selected on such systems. </para> </footnote> or disk space " +"available may be possible but is only advised for experienced users." +msgstr "" |