diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'nl/install-methods')
| -rw-r--r-- | nl/install-methods/boot-usb-files.xml | 152 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | nl/install-methods/usb-setup/powerpc.xml | 35 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | nl/install-methods/usb-setup/x86.xml | 58 |
3 files changed, 146 insertions, 99 deletions
diff --git a/nl/install-methods/boot-usb-files.xml b/nl/install-methods/boot-usb-files.xml index 8d707cb62..557fff121 100644 --- a/nl/install-methods/boot-usb-files.xml +++ b/nl/install-methods/boot-usb-files.xml @@ -1,21 +1,68 @@ <!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking --> -<!-- original version: 45616 untranslated --> +<!-- original version: 56442 untranslated --> <sect1 condition="bootable-usb" id="boot-usb-files"> <title>Preparing Files for USB Memory Stick Booting</title> <para> -To prepare the USB stick, you will need a system where GNU/Linux is -already running and where USB is supported. You should ensure that the -usb-storage kernel module is loaded (<userinput>modprobe -usb-storage</userinput>) and try to find out which SCSI device the USB -stick has been mapped to (in this example -<filename>/dev/sda</filename> is used). To write to your stick, you -may have to turn off its write protection switch. +There are two installation methods possible when booting from USB stick. +The first is to install completely from the network. The second is to +also copy a CD image onto the USB stick and use that as a source for +packages, possibly in combination with a mirror. This second method is +the more common. + +</para><para> + +For the first installation method you'll need to download an installer +image from the <filename>netboot</filename> directory (at the location +mentioned in <xref linkend="where-files"/>) and use the +<quote>flexible way</quote> explained below to copy the files to the USB +stick. + +</para><para> + +Installation images for the second installation method can be found in +the <filename>hd-media</filename> directory and either the <quote>easy +way</quote> or the <quote>flexible way</quote> can be used to copy the +image to the USB stick. For this installation method you will also need +to download a CD image. The installation image and the CD image must be +based on the same release of &d-i;. If they do not match you are likely +to get errors<footnote> + +<para> +The error message that is most likely to be displayed is that no kernel +modules can be found. This means that the version of the kernel module +udebs included on the CD image is different from the version of the +running kernel. +</para> + +</footnote> during the installation. </para><para> +To prepare the USB stick, you will need a system where GNU/Linux is +already running and where USB is supported. With current GNU/Linux systems +the USB stick should be automatically recognized when you insert it. If +it is not you should check that the usb-storage kernel module is loaded. +When the USB stick is inserted, it will be mapped to a device named +<filename>/dev/sdX</filename>, where the <quote>X</quote> is a letter +in the range a-z. You should be able to see to which device the USB +stick was mapped by running the command <command>dmesg</command> after +inserting it. To write to your stick, you may have to turn off its write +protection switch. + +</para> +<warning><para> + +The procedures described in this section will destroy anything already +on the device! Make very sure that you use the correct device name for +your USB stick. If you use the wrong device the result could be that all +information on for example a hard disk could be lost. + +</para></warning> +<para> + Note that the USB stick should be at least 256 MB in size (smaller setups are possible if you follow <xref linkend="usb-copy-flexible"/>). @@ -23,47 +70,54 @@ setups are possible if you follow <xref linkend="usb-copy-flexible"/>). <sect2 id="usb-copy-easy"> <title>Copying the files — the easy way</title> -<para arch="x86"> +<para> There is an all-in-one file <filename>hd-media/boot.img.gz</filename> -which contains all the installer files (including the kernel) as well -as <command>SYSLINUX</command> and its configuration file. You only -have to extract it directly to your USB stick: +which contains all the installer files (including the kernel) +<phrase arch="x86">as well as <classname>syslinux</classname> and its +configuration file.</phrase> +<phrase arch="powerpc">as well as <classname>yaboot</classname> and its +configuration file.</phrase> + +</para><para> + +Note that, although convenient, this method does have one major +disadvantage: the logical size of the device will be limited to 256 MB, +even if the capacity of the USB stick is larger. You will need to +repartition the USB stick and create new file systems to get its full +capacity back if you ever want to use it for some different purpose. +A second disadvantage is that you cannot copy a full CD image onto +the USB stick, but only the smaller businesscard or netinst CD images. + +</para><para arch="x86"> + +To use this image you only have to extract it directly to your USB stick: <informalexample><screen> -# zcat boot.img.gz > /dev/<replaceable>sda</replaceable> +# zcat boot.img.gz > /dev/<replaceable>sdX</replaceable> </screen></informalexample> </para><para arch="powerpc"> -There is an all-in-one file <filename>hd-media/boot.img.gz</filename> -which contains all the installer files (including the kernel) as well -as <command>yaboot</command> and its configuration file. Create a -partition of type "Apple_Bootstrap" on your USB stick using +Create a partition of type "Apple_Bootstrap" on your USB stick using <command>mac-fdisk</command>'s <userinput>C</userinput> command and extract the image directly to that: <informalexample><screen> -# zcat boot.img.gz > /dev/<replaceable>sda2</replaceable> +# zcat boot.img.gz > /dev/<replaceable>sdX2</replaceable> </screen></informalexample> -</para> -<warning><para> - -Using this method will destroy anything already on the device. Make sure -that you use the correct device name for your USB stick. - -</para></warning> -<para> +</para><para> -After that, mount the USB memory stick (<userinput>mount -<replaceable arch="x86">/dev/sda</replaceable> -<replaceable arch="powerpc">/dev/sda2</replaceable> -/mnt</userinput>), which will now have +After that, mount the USB memory stick +<phrase arch="x86">(<userinput>mount +/dev/<replaceable>sdX</replaceable> /mnt</userinput>),</phrase> +<phrase arch="powerpc">(<userinput>mount +/dev/<replaceable>sdX2</replaceable> /mnt</userinput>),</phrase> +which will now have <phrase arch="x86">a FAT filesystem</phrase> <phrase arch="powerpc">an HFS filesystem</phrase> -on it, and copy a Debian netinst or businesscard ISO image to it -(see <xref linkend="usb-add-iso"/>). +on it, and copy a Debian netinst or businesscard ISO image to it. Unmount the stick (<userinput>umount /mnt</userinput>) and you are done. </para> @@ -74,40 +128,16 @@ Unmount the stick (<userinput>umount /mnt</userinput>) and you are done. <para> If you like more flexibility or just want to know what's going on, you -should use the following method to put the files on your stick. +should use the following method to put the files on your stick. One +advantage of using this method is that — if the capacity of your +USB stick is large enough — you have the option of copying a +full CD ISO image to it. </para> &usb-setup-x86.xml; &usb-setup-powerpc.xml; - </sect2> - - <sect2 id="usb-add-iso"> - <title>Adding an ISO image</title> -<para> - -The installer will look for a Debian ISO image on the stick as its source -for additional data needed for the installation. So your next step is to -copy a Debian ISO image (businesscard, netinst or even a full CD image) -onto your stick (be sure to select one that fits). The file name of the -image must end in <filename>.iso</filename>. - -</para><para> - -If you want to install over the network, without using an ISO image, -you will of course skip the previous step. Moreover you will have to -use the initial ramdisk from the <filename>netboot</filename> -directory instead of the one from <filename>hd-media</filename>, -because <filename>hd-media/initrd.gz</filename> does not have network -support. - -</para><para> - -When you are done, unmount the USB memory stick (<userinput>umount -/mnt</userinput>) and activate its write protection switch. - -</para> </sect2> <!-- TODO: doesn't this section belong later? --> @@ -121,7 +151,7 @@ contain an invalid master boot record (MBR). To fix this, use the <classname>mbr</classname>: <informalexample><screen> -# install-mbr /dev/<replaceable>sda</replaceable> +# install-mbr /dev/<replaceable>sdX</replaceable> </screen></informalexample> </para></warning> diff --git a/nl/install-methods/usb-setup/powerpc.xml b/nl/install-methods/usb-setup/powerpc.xml index fc64d7eb6..2ed205351 100644 --- a/nl/install-methods/usb-setup/powerpc.xml +++ b/nl/install-methods/usb-setup/powerpc.xml @@ -1,20 +1,21 @@ <!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking --> -<!-- original version: 33725 untranslated --> +<!-- original version: 56442 untranslated --> <sect3 arch="powerpc"> - <title>USB stick partitioning on &arch-title;</title> + <title>Partitioning the USB stick</title> <para> Most USB sticks do not come pre-configured in such a way that Open Firmware can boot from them, so you will need to repartition the stick. -On Mac systems, run <userinput>mac-fdisk /dev/sda</userinput>, +On Mac systems, run +<userinput>mac-fdisk /dev/<replaceable>sdX</replaceable></userinput>, initialise a new partition map using the <userinput>i</userinput> command, and create a new partition of type Apple_Bootstrap using the <userinput>C</userinput> command. (Note that the first "partition" will always be the partition map itself.) Then type <informalexample><screen> -$ hformat /dev/<replaceable>sda2</replaceable> +$ hformat /dev/<replaceable>sdX2</replaceable> </screen></informalexample> Take care that you use the correct device name for your USB stick. The @@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ so you will have to install <command>yaboot</command> by hand using the <classname>hfsutils</classname> tools. Type <informalexample><screen> -$ hmount /dev/sda2 +$ hmount /dev/<replaceable>sdX2</replaceable> $ hcopy -r /usr/lib/yaboot/yaboot : $ hattrib -c UNIX -t tbxi :yaboot $ hattrib -b : @@ -52,10 +53,16 @@ mark it in such a way that Open Firmware will boot it. Having done this, the rest of the USB stick may be prepared using the normal Unix utilities. -</para><para> +</para> + </sect3> -Mount the partition (<userinput>mount /dev/sda2 /mnt</userinput>) and -copy the following files from the Debian archives to the stick: + <sect3 arch="powerpc"> + <title>Adding the installer image</title> +<para> + +Mount the partition +(<userinput>mount /dev/<replaceable>sdX2</replaceable> /mnt</userinput>) +and copy the following installer image files to the stick: <itemizedlist> <listitem><para> @@ -78,11 +85,6 @@ copy the following files from the Debian archives to the stick: <filename>boot.msg</filename> (optional boot message) </para></listitem> -<listitem><para> - -Optional kernel modules - -</para></listitem> </itemizedlist> </para><para> @@ -106,5 +108,12 @@ image=/vmlinux Please note that the <userinput>initrd-size</userinput> parameter may need to be increased, depending on the image you are booting. +</para><para> + +If you used an <filename>hd-media</filename> image, you should now copy a +Debian ISO image (businesscard, netinst or full CD image; be sure to select +one that fits) onto the stick. When you are done, unmount the USB memory +stick (<userinput>umount /mnt</userinput>). + </para> </sect3> diff --git a/nl/install-methods/usb-setup/x86.xml b/nl/install-methods/usb-setup/x86.xml index 016ad5806..b34dbac4a 100644 --- a/nl/install-methods/usb-setup/x86.xml +++ b/nl/install-methods/usb-setup/x86.xml @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ <!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking --> -<!-- original version: 56425 untranslated --> +<!-- original version: 56442 untranslated --> <sect3 arch="x86"> - <title>USB stick partitioning on &arch-title;</title> + <title>Partitioning the USB stick</title> <para> We will show how to set up the memory stick to use the first partition, @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ or any other partitioning tool to create a FAT16 partition, and then create the filesystem using: <informalexample><screen> -# mkdosfs /dev/<replaceable>sda1</replaceable> +# mkdosfs /dev/<replaceable>sdX1</replaceable> </screen></informalexample> Take care that you use the correct device name for your USB stick. The @@ -28,31 +28,37 @@ Take care that you use the correct device name for your USB stick. The In order to start the kernel after booting from the USB stick, we will put a boot loader on the stick. Although any boot loader -(e.g. <command>LILO</command>) should work, it's convenient to use -<command>SYSLINUX</command>, since it uses a FAT16 partition and can +(e.g. <classname>lilo</classname>) should work, it's convenient to use +<classname>syslinux</classname>, since it uses a FAT16 partition and can be reconfigured by just editing a text file. Any operating system which supports the FAT file system can be used to make changes to the configuration of the boot loader. </para><para> -To put <command>SYSLINUX</command> on the FAT16 partition on your USB +To put <classname>syslinux</classname> on the FAT16 partition on your USB stick, install the <classname>syslinux</classname> and <classname>mtools</classname> packages on your system, and do: <informalexample><screen> -# syslinux /dev/<replaceable>sda1</replaceable> +# syslinux /dev/<replaceable>sdX1</replaceable> </screen></informalexample> Again, take care that you use the correct device name. The partition -must not be mounted when starting <command>SYSLINUX</command>. This +must not be mounted when starting <command>syslinux</command>. This procedure writes a boot sector to the partition and creates the file <filename>ldlinux.sys</filename> which contains the boot loader code. -</para><para> +</para> + </sect3> -Mount the partition (<userinput>mount /dev/sda1 /mnt</userinput>) and -copy the following files from the Debian archives to the stick: + <sect3 arch="x86"> + <title>Adding the installer image</title> +<para> + +Mount the partition +(<userinput>mount /dev/<replaceable>sdX1</replaceable> /mnt</userinput>) +and copy the following installer image files to the stick: <itemizedlist> <listitem><para> @@ -65,30 +71,32 @@ copy the following files from the Debian archives to the stick: <filename>initrd.gz</filename> (initial ramdisk image) </para></listitem> -<listitem><para> - -<filename>syslinux.cfg</filename> (SYSLINUX configuration file) - -</para></listitem> -<listitem><para> - -Optional kernel modules - -</para></listitem> </itemizedlist> -If you want to rename the files, please note that -<command>SYSLINUX</command> can only process DOS (8.3) file names. +You can choose between either the regular version or the graphical version +of the installer. The latter can be found in the <filename>gtk</filename> +subdirectory. If you want to rename the files, please note that +<classname>syslinux</classname> can only process DOS (8.3) file names. </para><para> -The <filename>syslinux.cfg</filename> configuration file should -contain the following two lines: +Next you should create a <filename>syslinux.cfg</filename> configuration +file, which at a bare minimum should contain the following two lines: <informalexample><screen> default vmlinuz append initrd=initrd.gz </screen></informalexample> +For the graphical installer you should add +<userinput>video=vesa:ywrap,mtrr vga=788</userinput> to the second line. + +</para><para> + +If you used an <filename>hd-media</filename> image, you should now copy a +Debian ISO image (businesscard, netinst or full CD image; be sure to select +one that fits) onto the stick. When you are done, unmount the USB memory +stick (<userinput>umount /mnt</userinput>). + </para> </sect3> |