diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'it/post-install')
| -rw-r--r-- | it/post-install/further-reading.xml | 19 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | it/post-install/kernel-baking.xml | 142 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | it/post-install/new-to-unix.xml | 14 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | it/post-install/reactivating-win.xml | 37 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | it/post-install/shutdown.xml | 8 |
5 files changed, 129 insertions, 91 deletions
diff --git a/it/post-install/further-reading.xml b/it/post-install/further-reading.xml index 8eb4edb04..23ddf35ad 100644 --- a/it/post-install/further-reading.xml +++ b/it/post-install/further-reading.xml @@ -8,9 +8,11 @@ <para> -<!-- If you need information about a particular program, you should first +<!-- +If you need information about a particular program, you should first try <userinput>man <replaceable>program</replaceable></userinput>, or -<userinput>info <replaceable>program</replaceable></userinput>. --> +<userinput>info <replaceable>program</replaceable></userinput>. +--> Se sono necessarie delle informazioni su un particolare programma si dovrebbe prima provare con <userinput>man @@ -19,14 +21,16 @@ dovrebbe prima provare con <userinput>man </para><para> -<!-- There is lots of useful documentation in +<!-- +There is lots of useful documentation in <filename>/usr/share/doc</filename> as well. In particular, <filename>/usr/share/doc/HOWTO</filename> and <filename>/usr/share/doc/FAQ</filename> contain lots of interesting information. To submit bugs, look at <filename>/usr/share/doc/debian/bug*</filename>. To read about Debian-specific issues for particular programs, look at -<filename>/usr/share/doc/(package name)/README.Debian</filename>. --> +<filename>/usr/share/doc/(package name)/README.Debian</filename>. +--> Molta documentazione è disponibile in <filename>/usr/share/doc</filename>. In particolare <filename>/usr/share/doc/HOWTO</filename> e @@ -70,10 +74,12 @@ informazioni su Debian. </para><para> -<!-- A general source of information on GNU/Linux is the +<!-- +A general source of information on GNU/Linux is the <ulink url="http://www.tldp.org/">Linux Documentation Project</ulink>. There you will find the HOWTOs and pointers to other very valuable -information on parts of a GNU/Linux system. --> +information on parts of a GNU/Linux system. +--> Una fonte di informazioni su GNU/Linux è il <ulink url="http://www.tldp.org/">Linux Documentation Project</ulink>. @@ -81,5 +87,4 @@ Vi si possono trovare gli HOWTO e i riferimenti ad altre informazioni molto preziose sulle parti di un sistema GNU/Linux. </para> - </sect1> diff --git a/it/post-install/kernel-baking.xml b/it/post-install/kernel-baking.xml index 13e862cae..f9bdbb21e 100644 --- a/it/post-install/kernel-baking.xml +++ b/it/post-install/kernel-baking.xml @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ <!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking --> -<!-- original version: 36614 --> +<!-- original version: 36730 --> <sect1 id="kernel-baking"> <!-- <title>Compiling a New Kernel</title> --> <title>Compilazione di un nuovo kernel</title> - <para> -<!-- Why would someone want to compile a new kernel? It is often not +<!-- +Why would someone want to compile a new kernel? It is often not necessary since the default kernel shipped with Debian handles most configurations. Also, Debian often offers several alternative kernels. So you may want to check first if there is an alternative kernel image @@ -67,7 +67,9 @@ creare un kernel monolitico al posto di uno modulare </para></listitem> <listitem><para> -<!-- run an updated or development kernel --> +<!-- +run an updated or development kernel +--> usare un kernel aggiornato o di sviluppo @@ -88,10 +90,11 @@ imparare cose nuove sui kernel linux <sect2> <!-- <title>Kernel Image Management</title> --> <title>Gestione dell'immagine del kernel</title> - <para> -<!-- Don't be afraid to try compiling the kernel. It's fun and profitable. --> +<!-- +Don't be afraid to try compiling the kernel. It's fun and profitable. +--> Non ci si deve impaurire nel provare a compilare il kernel. È divertente e utile. @@ -121,11 +124,13 @@ l'elenco completo). </para><para> -<!-- This method will make a .deb of your kernel source, and, if you have +<!-- +This method will make a .deb of your kernel source, and, if you have non-standard modules, make a synchronized dependent .deb of those too. It's a better way to manage kernel images; <filename>/boot</filename> will hold the kernel, the System.map, and a -log of the active config file for the build. --> +log of the active config file for the build. +--> Questo metodo crea un .deb dai sorgenti del kernel e, se si hanno dei moduli non-standard, crea anche un .deb di questi moduli sincronizzato @@ -135,7 +140,8 @@ System.map e un log con le configurazioni attive durante la compilazione. </para><para> -<!-- Note that you don't <emphasis>have</emphasis> to compile your kernel +<!-- +Note that you don't <emphasis>have</emphasis> to compile your kernel the <quote>Debian way</quote>; but we find that using the packaging system to manage your kernel is actually safer and easier. In fact, you can get your kernel sources right from Linus instead of @@ -156,10 +162,12 @@ e comunque usare il metodo di compilazione con </para><para> -<!-- Note that you'll find complete documentation on using +<!-- +Note that you'll find complete documentation on using <classname>kernel-package</classname> under <filename>/usr/share/doc/kernel-package</filename>. This section just -contains a brief tutorial. --> +contains a brief tutorial. +--> Notare che è possibile trovare la documentazione completa sull'uso di <classname>kernel-package</classname> in @@ -168,8 +176,10 @@ contiene solo un breve manuale introduttivo. </para><para> -<!-- Hereafter, we'll assume you have free rein over your machine and will -extract your kernel source to somewhere in your home directory<footnote> --> +<!-- +Hereafter, we'll assume you have free rein over your machine and will +extract your kernel source to somewhere in your home directory<footnote> +--> D'ora in avanti si suppone che si abbia il controllo completo della macchina e che i sorgenti del kernel siano da qualche parte all'interno @@ -177,9 +187,11 @@ della propria home directory<footnote> <para> -<!-- There are other locations where you can extract kernel sources and build +<!-- +There are other locations where you can extract kernel sources and build your custom kernel, but this is easiest as it does not require special -permissions. --> +permissions. +--> Ci sono molti altri posti in cui è possibile estrarre i sorgenti del kernel e compilare un kernel personalizzato, ma è molto più semplice @@ -187,7 +199,8 @@ se questa operazione non richiede dei permessi speciali. </para> -<!-- </footnote>. We'll also assume that your kernel version is +<!-- +</footnote>. We'll also assume that your kernel version is &kernelversion;. Make sure you are in the directory to where you want to unpack the kernel sources, extract them using <phrase condition="classic-kpkg"><userinput>tar xjf @@ -197,7 +210,8 @@ unpack the kernel sources, extract them using and change to the directory <phrase condition="classic-kpkg"><filename>kernel-source-&kernelversion;</filename></phrase> <phrase condition="common-kpkg"><filename>linux-source-&kernelversion;</filename></phrase> -that will have been created. --> +that will have been created. +--> </footnote>. Si suppone anche che la versione del kernel sia &kernelversion;. Assicurarsi di trovarsi nella directory in cui si vuole @@ -213,7 +227,8 @@ che è stata appena creata. </para><para> -<!-- Now, you can configure your kernel. Run <userinput>make +<!-- +Now, you can configure your kernel. Run <userinput>make xconfig</userinput> if X11 is installed, configured and being run; run <userinput>make menuconfig</userinput> otherwise (you'll need <classname>libncurses5-dev</classname> installed). Take the time to read @@ -224,7 +239,8 @@ on) you are unsure about. Be careful: other options, not related to a specific hardware, should be left at the default value if you do not understand them. Do not forget to select <quote>Kernel module loader</quote> in <quote>Loadable module support</quote> (it is not selected by default). -If not included, your Debian installation will experience problems. --> +If not included, your Debian installation will experience problems. +--> Adesso si può configurare il kernel. Eseguire <userinput>make xconfig</userinput> se X11 è installato, configurato e in esecuzione; @@ -243,8 +259,10 @@ sistema Debian rischia di avere dei seri problemi. </para><para> -<!-- Clean the source tree and reset the <classname>kernel-package</classname> -parameters. To do that, do <userinput>make-kpkg clean</userinput>. --> +<!-- +Clean the source tree and reset the <classname>kernel-package</classname> +parameters. To do that, do <userinput>make-kpkg clean</userinput>. +--> Ripulire i sorgenti e ripristinare i parametri di <classname>kernel-package</classname> usando <userinput>make-kpkg @@ -252,15 +270,17 @@ clean</userinput>. </para><para> -<!-- Now, compile the kernel: -<userinput>fakeroot make-kpkg -revision=custom.1.0 kernel_image</userinput>. +<!-- +Now, compile the kernel: +<userinput>fakeroot make-kpkg -initrd -revision=custom.1.0 kernel_image</userinput>. The version number of <quote>1.0</quote> can be changed at will; this is just a version number that you will use to track your kernel builds. Likewise, you can put any word you like in place of <quote>custom</quote> (e.g., a host name). Kernel compilation may take quite a while, depending on -the power of your machine. --> +the power of your machine. +--> -Adesso compilare il kernel con: <userinput>fakeroot make-kpkg +Adesso compilare il kernel con: <userinput>fakeroot make-kpkg --initrd --revision=custom.1.0 kernel_image</userinput>. Il numero di versione <quote>1.0</quote> può essere cambiato secondo le necessità; questo è semplicemente il numero di versione che si può usare per @@ -269,66 +289,65 @@ inserire qualsiasi parola al posto di <quote>custom</quote> (p.e. il nome dell'host). La compilazione del kernel richiede un po' di tempo, in base alla potenza della macchina. -</para><para condition="supports-pcmcia"> - -<!-- If you require PCMCIA support, you'll also need to install the -<classname>pcmcia-source</classname> package. Unpack the gzipped tar file -as root in the directory <filename>/usr/src</filename> (it's important that -modules are found where they are expected to be found, namely, -<filename>/usr/src/modules</filename>). Then, as root, do <userinput>make-kpkg -modules_image</userinput>. --> - -Se si ha bisogno del supporto PCMCIA è necessario installare il -pacchetto <classname>pcmcia-source</classname>. Estrarre il file tar -compresso con gzip nella directory <filename>/usr/src</filename> (è -importante che i moduli si trovino esattamente dove il sistema si -aspetta che siano, ovvero in <filename>/usr/src/modules</filename>). -Poi, da root, eseguire <userinput>make-kpkg modules_image</userinput>. - </para><para> -<!-- Once the compilation is complete, you can install your custom kernel -like any package. As root, do <userinput>dpkg -i +<!-- +Once the compilation is complete, you can install your custom kernel +like any package. As root, do +<phrase condition="classic-kpkg"> +<userinput>dpkg -i ../kernel-image-&kernelversion;-<replaceable>subarchitecture</replaceable>_custom.1.0_&architecture;.deb</userinput>. +</phrase> +<phrase condition="common-kpkg"> +<userinput>dpkg -i +../linux-image-&kernelversion;-<replaceable>subarchitecture</replaceable>_custom.1.0_&architecture;.deb</userinput>. +</phrase> The <replaceable>subarchitecture</replaceable> part is an optional sub-architecture, <phrase arch="i386"> such as <quote>i586</quote>, </phrase> depending on what kernel options you set. -<userinput>dpkg -i kernel-image...</userinput> will install the +<userinput>dpkg -i</userinput> will install the kernel, along with some other nice supporting files. For instance, the <filename>System.map</filename> will be properly installed (helpful for debugging kernel problems), and <filename>/boot/config-&kernelversion;</filename> will be installed, containing your current configuration set. Your new -<classname>kernel-image-&kernelversion;</classname> package is also clever -enough to automatically use your platform's boot-loader to run an -update on the booting, allowing you to boot without re-running the -boot loader. If you have created a modules package, e.g., if you have -PCMCIA, you'll need to install that package as well. --> +kernel package is also clever enough to automatically update your boot +loader to use the new kernel. If you have created a modules package, +<phrase condition="classic-kpkg">e.g., if you have PCMCIA,</phrase> +you'll need to install that package as well. +--> Finita la compilazione è possibile installare il proprio kernel personalizzato come qualsiasi altro pacchetto. Da root eseguire -<userinput>dpkg -i ../kernel-image-&kernelversion;-<replaceable>sottoarchitettura</replaceable>_custom.1.0_&architecture;.deb</userinput>. +<phrase condition="classic-kpkg"> +<userinput>dpkg -i +../kernel-image-&kernelversion;-<replaceable>sottoarchitettura</replaceable>_custom.1.0_&architecture;.deb</userinput>. +</phrase> +<phrase condition="common-kpkg"> +<userinput>dpkg -i +../linux-image-&kernelversion;-<replaceable>subarchitecture</replaceable>_custom.1.0_&architecture;.deb</userinput>. +</phrase> La parte <replaceable>sottoarchitettura</replaceable> è opzionale e indica la sottoarchitettura, <phrase arch="i386"> per esempio <quote>i586</quote>, </phrase> in base alle opzioni del kernel sono state attivate. -<userinput>dpkg -i kernel-image...</userinput> installa il kernel più +<userinput>dpkg -i</userinput> installa il kernel più alcuni file di supporto. Per esempio sono installati i file <filename>System.map</filename> (utile per il debug del kernel) e <filename>/boot/config-&kernelversion;</filename> che contiene la -configurazione. Il nuovo pacchetto -<classname>kernel-image-&kernelversion;</classname> è anche in grado -di riconoscere, in base alla piattaforma, il bootloader ed eseguire -un aggiornamento in modo da poter riavviare la macchina senza dover -rieseguire il bootloader. Se si è creato anche un pacchetto con i -moduli, per esempio se si usa PCMCIA, è necessario installare anche -questo pacchetto. +configurazione. Il nuovo pacchetto con il kernel è anche in grado di +aggiornare automaticamente il bootloader in modo da poter usare il nuovo +kernel. Se si è creato anche un pacchetto con i moduli, +<phrase condition="classic-kpkg">per esempio se si usa PCMCIA,</phrase> +è necessario installare anche questo pacchetto. </para><para> -<!-- It is time to reboot the system: read carefully any warning that the -above step may have produced, then <userinput>shutdown -r now</userinput>. --> +<!-- +It is time to reboot the system: read carefully any warning that the +above step may have produced, then <userinput>shutdown -r now</userinput>. +--> Adesso si deve riavviare il sistema: leggere attentamente tutti gli avvertimenti che potrebbero apparire durante il passo precedente e @@ -341,7 +360,8 @@ For more information on Debian kernels and kernel compilation, see the <ulink url="&url-kernel-handbook;">Debian Linux Kernel Handbook</ulink>. For more information on <classname>kernel-package</classname>, read the fine documentation in -<filename>/usr/share/doc/kernel-package</filename>. --> +<filename>/usr/share/doc/kernel-package</filename>. +--> Per ulteriori informazioni sui kernel Debian e sulla compilazione del kernel si consulti il diff --git a/it/post-install/new-to-unix.xml b/it/post-install/new-to-unix.xml index 60cb8ceb2..a3d9b0363 100644 --- a/it/post-install/new-to-unix.xml +++ b/it/post-install/new-to-unix.xml @@ -5,14 +5,15 @@ <sect1 id="unix-intro"> <!-- <title>If You Are New to Unix</title> --> <title>Se non si conosce Unix</title> - <para> -<!-- If you are new to Unix, you probably should go out and buy some books +<!-- +If you are new to Unix, you probably should go out and buy some books and do some reading. A lot of valuable information can also be found in the <ulink url="&url-debian-reference;">Debian Reference</ulink>. This <ulink url="&url-unix-faq;">list of Unix FAQs</ulink> contains a -number of UseNet documents which provide a nice historical reference. --> +number of UseNet documents which provide a nice historical reference. +--> Se non si ha familiarità con Unix probabilmente si dovrà uscire per comprare e leggere qualche libro. Molte informazioni possono essere @@ -22,7 +23,8 @@ Unix</ulink> contiene parecchi documenti UseNet di valore storico. </para><para> -<!-- Linux is an implementation of Unix. The +<!-- +Linux is an implementation of Unix. The <ulink url="&url-ldp;">Linux Documentation Project (LDP)</ulink> collects a number of HOWTOs and online books relating to Linux. Most of these documents can be installed locally; @@ -30,7 +32,8 @@ just install the <classname>doc-linux-html</classname> package (HTML versions) or the <classname>doc-linux-text</classname> package (ASCII versions), then look in <filename>/usr/share/doc/HOWTO</filename>. International versions of the LDP HOWTOs are also available as Debian -packages. --> +packages. +--> Linux è una realizzazione di Unix. Il <ulink url="&url-ldp;">Linux Documentation Project (LDP)</ulink> raccoglie parecchi HOWTO e libri @@ -44,5 +47,4 @@ internazionali degli HOWTO del LDP sono disponibili come pacchetti Debian. </para> - </sect1> diff --git a/it/post-install/reactivating-win.xml b/it/post-install/reactivating-win.xml index 912905d96..117f0a340 100644 --- a/it/post-install/reactivating-win.xml +++ b/it/post-install/reactivating-win.xml @@ -5,14 +5,15 @@ <sect1 arch="i386" id="reactivating-win"> <!-- <title>Reactivating DOS and Windows</title> --> <title>Riattivazione di DOS e Windows</title> - <para> -<!-- After installing the base system and writing to the <emphasis>Master Boot +<!-- +After installing the base system and writing to the <emphasis>Master Boot Record</emphasis>, you will be able to boot Linux, but probably nothing else. This depends what you have chosen during the installation. This chapter will describe how you can reactivate your old systems so that you can also -boot your DOS or Windows again. --> +boot your DOS or Windows again. +--> Dopo l'installazione del sistema di base e la scrittura del <emphasis>Master Boot Record</emphasis> è possibile avviare Linux @@ -23,13 +24,15 @@ Windows. </para><para> -<!-- <command>LILO</command> is a boot manager with which you can also +<!-- +<command>LILO</command> is a boot manager with which you can also boot other operating systems than Linux, which complies to PC conventions. The boot manager is configured via <filename>/etc/lilo.conf</filename> file. Whenever you edited this file you have to run <command>lilo</command> afterwards. The reason for this is that the changes will take place only when you call the -program. --> +program. +--> <command>LILO</command> è un boot manager con cui si possono anche avviare sistemi operativi diversi da Linux purché rispettino le @@ -41,7 +44,8 @@ richiama il programma. </para><para> -<!-- Important parts of the <filename>lilo.conf</filename> file are the +<!-- +Important parts of the <filename>lilo.conf</filename> file are the lines containing the <userinput>image</userinput> and <userinput>other</userinput> keywords, as well as the lines following those. They can be used to describe a system which can be booted by @@ -53,7 +57,8 @@ also be used more than once. The ordering of these systems within the configuration file is important because it determines which system will be booted automatically after, for instance, a timeout (<userinput>delay</userinput>) presuming <command>LILO</command> -wasn't stopped by pressing the <keycap>shift</keycap> key. --> +wasn't stopped by pressing the <keycap>shift</keycap> key. +--> Le parti importanti del file <filename>lilo.conf</filename> sono le righe con le direttive <userinput>image</userinput> e @@ -72,10 +77,12 @@ che <command>LILO</command> non venga fermato dalla pressione del tasto </para><para> -<!-- After a fresh install of Debian, just the current system is configured +<!-- +After a fresh install of Debian, just the current system is configured for booting with <command>LILO</command>. If you want to boot another Linux kernel, you have to edit the configuration file -<filename>/etc/lilo.conf</filename> to add the following lines: --> +<filename>/etc/lilo.conf</filename> to add the following lines: +--> Dopo aver appena concluso l'installazione di Debian il sistema è configurato per l'avvio con <command>LILO</command>. Se si vuole avviare @@ -86,7 +93,8 @@ un kernel Linux diverso si deve modificare il file di configurazione &additional-lilo-image; </screen></informalexample> -<!-- For a basic setup just the first two lines are necessary. If you want +<!-- +For a basic setup just the first two lines are necessary. If you want to know more about the other two options please have a look at the <command>LILO</command> documentation. This can be found in <filename>/usr/share/doc/lilo/</filename>. The file which should be @@ -95,7 +103,8 @@ the world of booting a system you can also look at the <command>LILO</command> man pages <filename>lilo.conf</filename> for an overview of configuration keywords and <filename>lilo</filename> for description of the installation of the new configuration into the -boot sector. --> +boot sector. +--> Per la configurazione di base sono sufficienti solo le prime due righe. Se si vogliono ulteriori informazioni sulle altre due opzioni @@ -109,11 +118,13 @@ di come installare una nuova configurazione nel settore di avvio. </para><para> -<!-- Notice that there are other boot loaders available in &debian;, +<!-- +Notice that there are other boot loaders available in &debian;, such as GRUB (in <classname>grub</classname> package), CHOS (in <classname>chos</classname> package), Extended-IPL (in <classname>extipl</classname> package), -loadlin (in <classname>loadlin</classname> package) etc. --> +loadlin (in <classname>loadlin</classname> package) etc. +--> Notare che in &debian; sono disponibili anche altri boot loader come GRUB (nel pacchetto <classname>grub</classname>), CHOS (nel pacchetto diff --git a/it/post-install/shutdown.xml b/it/post-install/shutdown.xml index e26dc5bca..84e8b5ab1 100644 --- a/it/post-install/shutdown.xml +++ b/it/post-install/shutdown.xml @@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ <sect1 id="shutdown"> <!-- <title>Shutting Down the System</title> --> <title>Arresto del sistema</title> - <para> -<!-- To shut down a running Linux system, you must not reboot with the +<!-- +To shut down a running Linux system, you must not reboot with the reset switch on the front or back of your computer, or just turn off the computer. Linux must be shut down in a controlled manner, otherwise files may be lost and disk damage incurred. You can press @@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ systems</phrase>. You may also log in as root and type <userinput>shutdown -h now</userinput>, <userinput>reboot</userinput>, or <userinput>halt</userinput> if either of the key combinations do not work or you prefer to type -commands. --> +commands. +--> Per arrestare un sistema Linux non si deve riavviare la macchina con il pulsante reset sul computer né spengere il computer. Linux deve essere @@ -36,5 +37,4 @@ nel caso le combiazioni di tasti non funzionino o si preferisca digitare questi comandi. </para> - </sect1> |