diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'da/boot-new/modules')
| -rw-r--r-- | da/boot-new/modules/apt.xml | 97 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | da/boot-new/modules/install.xml | 39 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | da/boot-new/modules/mta.xml | 93 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | da/boot-new/modules/packages.xml | 128 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | da/boot-new/modules/ppp.xml | 112 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | da/boot-new/modules/shadow.xml | 69 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | da/boot-new/modules/timezone.xml | 30 |
7 files changed, 568 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/da/boot-new/modules/apt.xml b/da/boot-new/modules/apt.xml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..12d2a208b --- /dev/null +++ b/da/boot-new/modules/apt.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ +<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking --> +<!-- original version: 18642 untranslated --> + + <sect2 id="configure-apt"> + <title>Configuring APT</title> + +<para> + +The main means that people use to install packages on their system is +via a program called <command>apt-get</command>, from the +<classname>apt</classname> package.<footnote> + +<para> + +Note that the actual program that installs packages is called +<command>dpkg</command>. However, this package is more of a low-level +tool. <command>apt-get</command> will invoke <command>dpkg</command> +as appropriate; it is a higher-level too, however, because it knows to +install other packages which are required for the package you're +trying to install, as well as how to retrieve the package from your +CD, the network, or wherever. + +</para> +</footnote> + +APT must be configured, however, so that it knows where to retrieve +packages from. The helper application which assists in this task is +called <command>apt-setup</command>. + +</para><para> + +The next step in your configuration process is to tell APT where other +Debian packages can be found. Note that you can re-run this tool at +any point after installation by running <command>apt-setup</command>, +or by manually editing <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. + +</para><para> + +If an official CD-ROM is in the drive at this point, then that CD-ROM +should automatically be configured as an apt source without prompting. +You will notice this because you will see the CD-ROM being scanned. + +</para><para> + +For users without an official CD-ROM, you will be offered an array of +choices for how Debian packages are accessed: FTP, HTTP, CD-ROM, or +a local file system. + +</para><para> + +You should know that it's perfectly acceptable to have a number of +different APT sources, even for the same Debian archive. +<command>apt-get</command> will automatically pick the package with +the highest version number given all the available versions. Or, for +instance, if you have both an HTTP and a CD-ROM APT source, +<command>apt-get</command> should automatically use the local CD-ROM +when possible, and only resort to HTTP if a newer version is available +there. However, it is not a good idea to add unnecessary APT sources, +since this will tend to slow down the process of checking the network +archives for new versions. + +</para> + + <sect3 id="configure-apt-net"> + <title>Configuring Network Package Sources</title> + +<para> + +If you plan on installing the rest of your system via the network, the +most common option is to select the <userinput>http</userinput> +source. The <userinput>ftp</userinput> source is also acceptable, but +tends to be a little slower making connections. + +</para><para> + +The next step during the configuration of network packages sources is +to tell <command>apt-setup</command> which country you live in. This +configures which of the official Debian Internet mirror network you +connect to. Depending on which country you select, you will be given +a list of possible machines. Its generally fine to pick the one on +the top of the list, but any of them should work. + +</para><para> + +If you are installing via HTTP, you will be asked to configure your +proxy server. This is sometimes required by people behind firewalls, +on corporate networks, etc. + +</para><para> + +Finally, your new network package source will be tested. If all goes +well, you will be prompted whether you want to do it all over again +with another network source. + +</para> + </sect3> + </sect2> diff --git a/da/boot-new/modules/install.xml b/da/boot-new/modules/install.xml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d0998127e --- /dev/null +++ b/da/boot-new/modules/install.xml @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking --> +<!-- original version: 18597 untranslated --> + + <sect2 id="debconf"> + <title>Prompts During Software Installation</title> + +<para> + +Each package you selected with <command>tasksel</command> or +<command>aptitude</command> is +downloaded, unpacked and then installed in turn by the +<command>apt-get</command> and <command>dpkg</command> programs. If +a particular program needs more information from the user, it will +prompt you during this process. You might also want to keep an eye on +the output during the process, to watch for any installation errors +(although you will be asked to acknowledge errors which prevented +a package's installation). + +</para> + + <sect3 arch="powerpc" id="xserver"> + <title>Settings for the X Server</title> + +<para> + +On iMacs, and some older Macintoshes as well, the X Server software +doesn't calculate appropriate video settings. You will need to choose +the 'Advanced' option during configuration of the video settings. For +the monitor's horizontal sync range, enter 59-63. You can leave the +default for vertical refresh range. + +</para><para> + +The mouse device should be set to +<userinput>/dev/input/mice</userinput>. + +</para> + </sect3> + </sect2> diff --git a/da/boot-new/modules/mta.xml b/da/boot-new/modules/mta.xml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5290c4254 --- /dev/null +++ b/da/boot-new/modules/mta.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ +<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking --> +<!-- original version: 11648 untranslated --> + + <sect2 id="base-config-mta"> + <title>Configuring Your Mail Transport Agent</title> + +<para> + +Today, email is a very important part of many people's life, so it's +no surprise Debian lets you configure your mail system right as a part +of the installation process. The standard mail transport agent in +Debian is <command>exim4</command>, which is relatively small, +flexible, and easy to learn. + +</para><para> + +You may ask if this is needed even if your computer is not connected +to any network. The short answer is: Yes. The longer explanation: Some +system utilities (like <command>cron</command>, +<command>quota</command>, <command>aide</command>, …) may send +you important notices via email. + +</para><para> + +So on the first screen you will be presented with several common mail +scenarios. Choose the one that most closely resembles your needs: + +</para> + +<variablelist> +<varlistentry> +<term>internet site</term> +<listitem><para> + +Your system is connected to a network and your mail is sent and +received directly using SMTP. On the following screens you will be +asked a few basic questions, like your machine's mail name, or a list of +domains for which you accept or relay mail. + +</para></listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry> +<term>mail sent by smarthost</term> +<listitem><para> + +In this scenario is your outgoing mail forwarded to another machine, +called a <quote>smarthost</quote>, which does the actual job for +you. Smarthost also usually stores incoming mail addresed to your +computer, so you don't need to be permanently online. That also means +you have to download your mail from the smarthost via programs like +fetchmail. This option is suitable for dial-up users. + +</para></listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry> +<term>local delivery only</term> +<listitem><para> + +Your system is not on a network and mail is sent or received only +between local users. Even if you don't plan to send any messages, this +option is highly recommended, because some system utilities may send +you various alerts from time to time (e.g. beloved <quote>Disk quota +exceeded</quote>). This option is also convenient for new users, +because it doesn't ask any further questions. + +</para></listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry> +<term>no configuration at this time</term> +<listitem><para> + +Choose this if you are absolutely convinced you know what you are +doing. This will leave you with an unconfigured mail system — +until you configure it, you won't be able to send or receive any mail +and you may miss some important messages from your system utilities. + +</para></listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> + +<para> + +If none of these scenarios suits your needs, or if you need a finer +setup, you will need to edit configuration files under the +<filename>/etc/exim4</filename> directory after the installation is +complete. More information about <command>exim4</command> may be found +under <filename>/usr/share/doc/exim4</filename>. + +</para> + </sect2> diff --git a/da/boot-new/modules/packages.xml b/da/boot-new/modules/packages.xml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ccfed03d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/da/boot-new/modules/packages.xml @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ +<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking --> +<!-- original version: 18767 untranslated --> + + <sect2 id="install-packages"> + <title>Package Installation</title> + +<para> + +Next you will be offered a number of pre-rolled software +configurations offered by Debian. You could always choose, package by +package, what you want to install on your new machine. This is the +purpose of the <command>aptitude</command> program, described below. +But this can be a long task with around &num-of-distrib-pkgs; packages +available in Debian! + +</para><para> + +So, you have the ability to choose <emphasis>tasks</emphasis> first, +and then add on more individual packages later. These tasks loosely +represent a number of different jobs or things you want to do with +your computer, such as <quote>desktop environment</quote>, +<quote>web server</quote>, or <quote>print server</quote>. + +<footnote> +<para> + +You should know that to present this list, +<command>base-config</command> is merely invoking the +<command>tasksel</command> program. For manual package +selection, the +<command>aptitude</command> program is being run. Any of these can be +run at any time after installation to install (or remove) more +packages. If you are looking for a specific single package, after +installation is complete, simply run <userinput>apt-get install +<replaceable>package</replaceable></userinput>, where +<replaceable>package</replaceable> is the name of the package you are +looking for. +</para> +</footnote> + +</para><para> + +If you do want to choose what to install on a package by package basis, +select the <quote>manual package selection</quote> in +<command>tasksel</command>. + +</para><para> + +Once you've selected your tasks, select +<guibutton>Ok</guibutton>. At this point, +<command>aptitude</command> will install the packages you've +selected. Note, even if you did not select any tasks at all, any standard, +important, or required priority packages that are not yet present on +your system will be installed. This functionality is the same as +running <userinput>tasksel -s</userinput> at the command line, and +currently involves +a download of about 37M of archives. You will be shown the number of +packages to be installed, and how many kilobytes of packages, if any, +need to be downloaded. + +</para><para> + +Of the &num-of-distrib-pkgs; packages available in Debian, only +a small minority are covered by tasks offered in the Task Installer. +To see information on more packages, either use <userinput>apt-cache +search <replaceable>search-string</replaceable></userinput> for some +given search string (see the <citerefentry> +<refentrytitle>apt-cache</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>8</manvolnum> +</citerefentry> man page), or run +<command>aptitude</command> as described below. + +</para> + + <sect3 id="aptitude"> + <title>Advanced Package Selection with <command>aptitude</command></title> + +<para> + +<command>Aptitude</command> is a modern program for managing +packages. <command>aptitude</command> allows you to +select individual packages, set of packages matching given criteria +(for advanced users), or whole tasks. + +</para><para> + +The most basic keybindings are: + +<informaltable> +<tgroup cols="2"> +<thead> +<row> + <entry>Key</entry><entry>Action</entry> +</row> +</thead> + +<tbody> +<row> + <entry><keycap>Up</keycap>, <keycap>Down</keycap></entry> + <entry>Move selection up or down.</entry> +</row><row> + <entry>&enterkey;</entry> + <entry>Open/collapse/activate item.</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><keycap>+</keycap></entry> + <entry>Mark package for installation.</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><keycap>-</keycap></entry> + <entry>Mark package for removal.</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><keycap>d</keycap></entry> + <entry>Show package dependencies.</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><keycap>g</keycap></entry> + <entry>Actually download/install/remove packages.</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><keycap>q</keycap></entry> + <entry>Quit current view.</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><keycap>F10</keycap></entry> + <entry>Activate menu.</entry> +</row> +</tbody></tgroup></informaltable> + +For more commands see the online help under the <keycap>?</keycap> key. + +</para> + </sect3> + </sect2> diff --git a/da/boot-new/modules/ppp.xml b/da/boot-new/modules/ppp.xml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a707fd2b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/da/boot-new/modules/ppp.xml @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ +<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking --> +<!-- original version: 18642 untranslated --> + + <sect2 arch="not-s390" id="PPP"> + <title>Setting Up PPP</title> + +<para> + +If your computer is not connected to a network, you will next be asked +whether you wish to install the rest of the system using PPP. + +</para><para> + +If you do choose to configure PPP at this point, a program named +<command>pppconfig</command> will be run. This program helps you +configure your PPP connection. <emphasis>Make sure, when it asks you +for the name of your dialup connection, that you name it +<userinput>provider</userinput>.</emphasis> + +</para><para> + +Hopefully, the <command>pppconfig</command> program will walk you +through a pain-free PPP connection setup. However, if it does not +work for you, see below for detailed instructions. + +</para><para> + +In order to setup PPP, you'll need to know the basics of file viewing +and editing in GNU/Linux. To view files, you should use +<command>more</command>, and <command>zmore</command> for compressed +files with a <userinput>.gz</userinput> extension. For example, to +view <filename>README.debian.gz</filename>, type <userinput>zmore +README.debian.gz</userinput>. The base system comes with an editor +named <command>nano</command>, which is very simple to use, but does +not have a lot of features. You will probably want to install more +full-featured editors and viewers later, such as +<command>jed</command>, <command>nvi</command>, +<command>less</command>, and <command>emacs</command>. + +</para><para> + +Edit <filename>/etc/ppp/peers/provider</filename> and replace +<userinput>/dev/modem</userinput> with +<userinput>/dev/ttyS<replaceable>#</replaceable></userinput> where +<replaceable>#</replaceable> stands for the number of your serial +port. In Linux, serial ports are counted from 0; your first serial +port <phrase arch="i386">(i.e., <userinput>COM1</userinput>)</phrase> +is <filename>/dev/ttyS0</filename> under Linux. + +<phrase arch="powerpc;m68k">On Macintoshes with serial ports, the +modem port is <filename>/dev/ttyS0</filename> and the printer port is +<filename>/dev/ttyS1</filename>.</phrase> + +The next step is to edit +<filename>/etc/chatscripts/provider</filename> and insert your +provider's phone number, your user-name and password. Please do not +delete the <quote>\q</quote> that precedes the password. It hides the +password from appearing in your log files. + +</para><para> + +Many providers use PAP or CHAP for login sequence instead of text mode +authentication. Others use both. If your provider requires PAP or +CHAP, you'll need to follow a different procedure. Comment out +everything below the dialing string (the one that starts with +<quote>ATDT</quote>) in +<filename>/etc/chatscripts/provider</filename>, modify +<filename>/etc/ppp/peers/provider</filename> as described above, and +add <userinput>user <replaceable>name</replaceable></userinput> where +<replaceable>name</replaceable> stands for your user-name for the +provider you are trying to connect to. Next, edit +<filename>/etc/ppp/pap-secrets</filename> or +<filename>/etc/ppp/chap-secrets</filename> and enter your password +there. + +</para><para> + +You will also need to edit <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename> and +add your provider's name server (DNS) IP addresses. The lines in +<filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename> are in the following format: +<userinput>nameserver +<replaceable>xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx</replaceable></userinput> where the +<replaceable>x</replaceable>s stand for numbers in your IP +address. Optionally, you could add the +<userinput>usepeerdns</userinput> option to the +<filename>/etc/ppp/peers/provider</filename> file, which will enable +automatic choosing of appropriate DNS servers, using settings the +remote host usually provides. + +</para><para> + +Unless your provider has a login sequence different from the majority +of ISPs, you are done! Start the PPP connection by typing +<command>pon</command> as root, and monitor the process using +<command>plog</command> command. To disconnect, use +<command>poff</command>, again, as root. + +</para><para> + +Read <filename>/usr/share/doc/ppp/README.Debian.gz</filename> file for +more information on using PPP on Debian. + +</para><para> + +For static SLIP connections, you will need to add the +<userinput>slattach</userinput> command (from the +<classname>net-tools</classname> package) into +<filename>/etc/init.d/network</filename>. Dynamic SLIP will require +the <classname>gnudip</classname> package. + +</para> + </sect2> diff --git a/da/boot-new/modules/shadow.xml b/da/boot-new/modules/shadow.xml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e4ac0ce1e --- /dev/null +++ b/da/boot-new/modules/shadow.xml @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking --> +<!-- original version: 18642 untranslated --> + + <sect2 id="base-config-users"> + <title>Setting Up Users And Passwords</title> + + <sect3 id="base-config-root"> + <title>Set the Root Password</title> + +<para> + +The <emphasis>root</emphasis> account is also called the +<emphasis>super-user</emphasis>; it is a login that bypasses all +security protection on your system. The root account should only be +used to perform system administration, and only used for as short +a time as possible. + +</para><para> + +Any password you create should contain at least 6 characters, and +should contain both upper- and lower-case characters, as well as +punctuation characters. Take extra care when setting your root +password, since it is such a powerful account. Avoid dictionary +words or use of any personal information which could be guessed. + +</para><para> + +If anyone ever tells you they need your root password, be extremely +wary. You should normally never give your root password out, unless you +are administering a machine with more than one system administrator. + +</para> + </sect3> + + <sect3 id="make-normal-user"> + <title>Create an Ordinary User</title> + +<para> + +The system will ask you whether you wish to create an ordinary user +account at this point. This account should be your main personal +log-in. You should <emphasis>not</emphasis> use the root account for +daily use or as your personal login. + +</para><para> + +Why not? Well, one reason to avoid using root's privileges is that it +is very easy to do irreparable damage as root. Another reason is that +you might be tricked into running a <emphasis>Trojan-horse</emphasis> +program — that is a program that takes advantage of your +super-user powers to compromise the security of your system behind +your back. Any good book on Unix system administration will cover this +topic in more detail — consider reading one if it is new to you. + +</para><para> + +You will first be prompted for the user's full name. Then you'll be asked +for a name for the user account; generally your first name or something +similar will suffice and indeed will be the default. Finally, you will be +prompted for a password for this account. + +</para><para> + +If at any point after installation you would like to create another +account, use the <command>adduser</command> command. + +</para> + </sect3> + </sect2> diff --git a/da/boot-new/modules/timezone.xml b/da/boot-new/modules/timezone.xml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e7edc7917 --- /dev/null +++ b/da/boot-new/modules/timezone.xml @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking --> +<!-- original version: 19108 untranslated --> + + <sect2 id="base-config-tz"> + <title>Configuring Your Time Zone</title> + +<para> + +After a welcome screen, you will be prompted to configure your time zone. +First select whether the hardware clock of your system is set to local +time or Greenwich Mean Time (GMT or UTC). The time displayed in the dialog +may help you decide on the correct option. +<phrase arch="m68k;powerpc">Macintosh hardware clocks are normally +set to local time. If you want to dual-boot, select local time instead of +GMT.</phrase> +<phrase arch="i386">Systems that (also) run Dos or Windows are normally +set to local time. If you want to dual-boot, select local time instead of +GMT.</phrase> + +</para><para> + +Depending on the location selected at the beginning of the installation +process, you will next be shown either a single timezone or a list of +timezones relevant for that location. If a single timezone is shown, choose +<guibutton>Yes</guibutton> to confirm or choose <guibutton>No</guibutton> +to select from the full list of timezones. If a list is shown, select your +timezone from the list, or select Other for the full list. + +</para> + </sect2> |