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authorJoey Hess <joeyh@debian.org>2005-10-07 19:51:38 +0000
committerJoey Hess <joeyh@debian.org>2005-10-07 19:51:38 +0000
commit1ea73eea5ecc6a8ed901316049259aee737ee554 (patch)
tree03a077f0b1b1548f3c806bd1c5795964fba0fb52 /nl/boot-installer/i386.xml
downloadinstallation-guide-1ea73eea5ecc6a8ed901316049259aee737ee554.zip
move manual to top-level directory, split out of debian-installer package
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+<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking -->
+<!-- original version: 28997 untranslated -->
+
+ <sect2 arch="i386"><title>Booting from a CD-ROM</title>
+
+&boot-installer-intro-cd.xml;
+
+<!-- We'll comment the following section until we know exact layout -->
+<!--
+CD #1 of official Debian CD-ROM sets for &arch-title; will present a
+<prompt>boot:</prompt> prompt on most hardware. Press
+<keycap>F3</keycap> to see the list of kernel options available
+from which to boot. Just type your chosen flavor name (idepci,
+vanilla, compact, bf24) at the <prompt>boot:</prompt> prompt
+followed by &enterkey;.
+
+</para><para>
+
+If your hardware doesn't support booting of multiple images, put one
+of the other CDs in the drive. It appears that most SCSI CD-ROM drives
+do not support <command>isolinux</command> multiple image booting, so users
+with SCSI CD-ROMs should try either CD2 (vanilla) or CD3 (compact),
+or CD5 (bf2.4).
+
+</para><para>
+
+CD's 2 through 5 will each boot a
+different ``flavor'' depending on which CD-ROM is
+inserted. See <xref linkend="kernel-choice"/> for a discussion of the
+different flavors. Here's how the flavors are laid out on the
+different CD-ROMs:
+
+<variablelist>
+<varlistentry>
+<term>CD 1</term><listitem><para>
+
+Allows a selection of kernel images to boot from (the idepci flavor is
+the default if no selection is made).
+
+</para></listitem></varlistentry>
+<varlistentry>
+<term>CD 2</term><listitem><para>
+
+Boots the <quote>vanilla</quote> flavor.
+
+</para></listitem></varlistentry>
+<varlistentry>
+<term>CD 3</term><listitem><para>
+
+Boots the <quote>compact</quote> flavor.
+
+</para></listitem></varlistentry>
+<varlistentry>
+<term>CD 4</term><listitem><para>
+
+Boots the <quote>idepci</quote> flavor.
+
+</para></listitem></varlistentry>
+<varlistentry>
+<term>CD 5</term><listitem><para>
+
+Boots the <quote>bf2.4</quote> flavor.
+
+</para></listitem></varlistentry>
+
+ </variablelist>
+
+</para><para>
+
+-->
+
+ </sect2>
+
+<!-- FIXME the documented procedure does not exactly work, commented out
+ until fixes
+
+ <sect2 arch="i386" id="install-from-dos">
+ <title>Booting from a DOS partition</title>
+
+&boot-installer-intro-hd.xml;
+
+<para>
+
+Boot into DOS (not Windows) without any drivers being loaded. To do
+this, you have to press <keycap>F8</keycap> at exactly the right
+moment (and optionally select the <quote>safe mode command prompt only</quote>
+option). Enter the subdirectory for the flavor you chose, e.g.,
+
+<informalexample><screen>
+cd c:\install
+</screen></informalexample>.
+
+Next, execute <command>install.bat</command>.
+The kernel will load and launch the installer system.
+
+</para><para>
+
+Please note, there is currently a loadlin problem (#142421) which
+precludes <filename>install.bat</filename> from being used with the
+bf2.4 flavor. The symptom of the problem is an
+<computeroutput>invalid compressed format</computeroutput> error.
+
+</para>
+ </sect2>
+
+END FIXME -->
+
+ <sect2 arch="i386" id="boot-initrd">
+ <title>Booting from Linux Using <command>LILO</command> or
+ <command>GRUB</command></title>
+
+<para>
+To boot the installer from hard disk, you must first download
+and place the needed files as described in <xref linkend="boot-drive-files"/>.
+</para>
+
+<para>
+If you intend to use the hard drive only for booting and then
+download everything over the network, you should download the
+<filename>netboot/debian-installer/i386/initrd.gz</filename> file and its
+corresponding kernel. This will allow you to repartition the hard disk
+from which you boot the installer, although you should do so with care.
+</para>
+
+<para>
+Alternatively, if you intend to keep an existing partition on the hard
+drive unchanged during the install, you can download the
+<filename>hd-media/initrd.gz</filename> file and its kernel, as well as
+copy a CD iso to the drive (make sure the file is named ending in
+<literal>.iso</literal>). The installer can then boot from the drive
+and install from the CD image, without needing the network.
+</para>
+
+<para>
+For <command>LILO</command>, you will need to configure two
+essential things in <filename>/etc/lilo.conf</filename>:
+<itemizedlist>
+<listitem><para>
+
+to load the <filename>initrd.gz</filename> installer at boot time;
+
+</para></listitem>
+<listitem><para>
+
+have the <filename>vmlinuz</filename> kernel use a RAM disk as
+its root partition.
+
+</para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+
+Here is a <filename>/etc/lilo.conf</filename> example:
+
+</para><para>
+
+<informalexample><screen>
+image=/boot/newinstall/vmlinuz
+ label=newinstall
+ initrd=/boot/newinstall/initrd.gz
+ root=/dev/ram0
+ append="<phrase condition="sarge">devfs=mount,dall </phrase>ramdisk_size=12000"
+</screen></informalexample>
+
+For more details, refer to the
+<citerefentry><refentrytitle>initrd</refentrytitle>
+<manvolnum>4</manvolnum></citerefentry> and
+<citerefentry><refentrytitle>lilo.conf</refentrytitle>
+<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> man pages. Now run
+<userinput>lilo</userinput> and reboot.
+
+</para><para>
+
+The procedure for <command>GRUB</command> is quite similar. Locate your
+<filename>menu.lst</filename> in the <filename>/boot/grub/</filename>
+directory (sometimes in the <filename>/boot/boot/grub/</filename>),
+add the following lines:
+
+<informalexample><screen>
+title New Install
+kernel (hd0,0)/boot/newinstall/vmlinuz root=/dev/ram0 ramdisk_size=12000
+initrd (hd0,0)/boot/newinstall/initrd.gz
+</screen></informalexample>
+
+and reboot. <phrase condition="sarge">If the boot fails, you can try adding
+<userinput>devfs=mount,dall</userinput> to the <quote>kernel</quote> line.
+</phrase>
+
+</para><para>
+
+Note that the value of the <userinput>ramdisk_size</userinput> may need to be
+adjusted for the size of the initrd image.
+From here on, there should be no difference between <command>GRUB</command>
+or <command>LILO</command>.
+
+</para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 arch="i386" id="usb-boot">
+ <title>Booting from USB Memory Stick</title>
+<para>
+
+Let's assume you have prepared everything from <xref
+linkend="boot-dev-select"/> and <xref linkend="boot-usb-files"/>. Now
+just plug your USB stick into some free USB connector and reboot the
+computer. The system should boot up, and you should be presented with
+the <prompt>boot:</prompt> prompt. Here you can enter optional boot
+arguments, or just hit &enterkey;.
+
+</para><para>
+
+In case your computer doesn't support booting from USB memory devices,
+you can still use a single floppy to do the initial boot and then
+switch to USB. Boot your system as described in <xref linkend="floppy-boot"/>;
+the kernel on the boot floppy should detect your USB stick automatically.
+When it asks for the root floppy, simply press &enterkey;. You should see
+&d-i; starting.
+
+</para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 arch="i386" id="floppy-boot">
+ <title>Booting from Floppies</title>
+<para>
+
+You will have already downloaded the floppy images you needed and
+created floppies from the images in <xref linkend="create-floppy"/>.
+<!-- missing-doc FIXME If you need to, you can also modify the boot floppy; see
+<xref linkend="rescue-replace-kernel"/>. -->
+
+</para><para>
+
+To boot from the installer boot floppy, place it in the primary floppy
+drive, shut down the system as you normally would, then turn it back
+on.
+
+</para><para>
+
+For installing from an LS-120 drive (ATAPI version) with a set of
+floppies, you need to specify the virtual location for the floppy
+device. This is done with the <emphasis>root=</emphasis> boot
+argument, giving the device that the ide-floppy driver maps the device
+to. For example, if your LS-120 drive is connected as the first IDE
+device (master) on the second cable, you enter
+<userinput>linux root=/dev/hdc</userinput> at the boot prompt.
+Installation from LS-120 is only supported by 2.4 and later kernels.
+
+</para><para>
+
+Note that on some machines, <keycombo><keycap>Control</keycap>
+<keycap>Alt</keycap> <keycap>Delete</keycap></keycombo> does not
+properly reset the machine, so a <quote>hard</quote> reboot is recommended. If
+you are installing from an existing operating system (e.g., from a DOS
+box) you don't have a choice. Otherwise, please do a hard reboot when
+booting.
+
+</para><para>
+
+The floppy disk will be accessed, and you should then see a screen
+that introduces the boot floppy and ends with the <prompt>boot:</prompt>
+prompt.
+
+</para><para>
+
+Once you press &enterkey;, you should see the message
+<computeroutput>Loading...</computeroutput>, followed by
+<computeroutput>Uncompressing Linux...</computeroutput>, and
+then a screenfull or so of information about the hardware in your
+system. More information on this phase of the boot process can be
+found below in <xref linkend="kernel-msgs"/>.
+
+</para><para>
+
+After booting from the boot floppy, the root floppy is
+requested. Insert the root floppy and press &enterkey;, and the
+contents are loaded into memory. The installer program
+<command>debian-installer</command> is automatically launched.
+
+</para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 arch="i386" id="boot-tftp"><title>Booting with TFTP</title>
+
+&boot-installer-intro-net.xml;
+
+<para>
+
+There are various ways to do a TFTP boot on i386.
+
+</para>
+
+ <sect3><title>NIC or Motherboard that support PXE</title>
+<para>
+
+It could be that your Network Interface Card or Motherboard provides
+PXE boot functionality.
+This is a <trademark class="trade">Intel</trademark> re-implemention
+of TFTP boot. If so you may be able to configure your BIOS to boot from the
+network.
+
+</para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3><title>NIC with Network BootROM</title>
+<para>
+
+It could be that your Network Interface Card provides
+TFTP boot functionality.
+
+</para><para condition="FIXME">
+
+Let us (<email>&email-debian-boot-list;</email>) know how did you manage it.
+Please refer to this document.
+
+</para>
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3><title>Etherboot</title>
+<para>
+
+The <ulink url="http://www.etherboot.org">etherboot project</ulink>
+provides bootdiskettes and even bootroms that do a TFTPboot.
+
+</para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 arch="i386"><title>The Boot Prompt</title>
+<para>
+
+When the installer boots, you should be presented with a friendly graphical
+screen showing the Debian logo and the boot prompt:
+
+<informalexample><screen>
+Press F1 for help, or ENTER to boot:
+</screen></informalexample>
+
+At the boot prompt
+you can either just press &enterkey; to boot the installer with
+default options or enter a specific boot method and, optionally, boot
+parameters.
+
+</para><para>
+
+Information on available boot methods and on boot parameters which might
+be useful can be found by pressing <keycap>F2</keycap> through
+<phrase condition="sarge"><keycap>F7</keycap></phrase><phrase
+condition="etch"><keycap>F8</keycap></phrase>. If you add any parameters to
+the boot command line, be sure to type the boot method (the default is
+<userinput>linux</userinput>) and a space before the first parameter (e.g.,
+<userinput>linux debconf/priority=medium</userinput>).
+
+<note><para>
+
+If you are installing the system via a remote management device that
+provides a text interface to the VGA console, you may not be able to
+see the initial graphical splash screen upon booting the installer;
+you may even not see the boot prompt. Examples of these devices include
+the text console of Compaq's <quote>integrated Lights Out</quote> (iLO)
+and HP's <quote>Integrated Remote Assistant</quote> (IRA).
+You can blindly press F1<footnote>
+
+<para>
+
+In some cases these devices will require special escape sequences to
+enact this keypress, for example the IRA uses <keycombo> <keycap>Ctrl</keycap>
+<keycap>F</keycap> </keycombo>,&nbsp;<keycap>1</keycap>.
+
+</para>
+
+</footnote> to bypass this screen and view the help text. Once you are
+past the splash screen and at the help text your keystrokes will be echoed
+at the prompt as expected. To prevent the installer from using the
+framebuffer for the rest of the installation, you will also want to add
+<userinput>debian-installer/framebuffer=false</userinput> to the boot prompt,
+as described in the help text.
+
+</para></note>
+</para>
+
+ </sect2>