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authorJoey Hess <joeyh@debian.org>2005-10-07 19:51:38 +0000
committerJoey Hess <joeyh@debian.org>2005-10-07 19:51:38 +0000
commit1ea73eea5ecc6a8ed901316049259aee737ee554 (patch)
tree03a077f0b1b1548f3c806bd1c5795964fba0fb52 /fi/boot-new/modules/apt.xml
downloadinstallation-guide-1ea73eea5ecc6a8ed901316049259aee737ee554.zip
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+<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking -->
+<!-- original version: 23845 untranslated -->
+
+ <sect2 id="configure-apt">
+ <title>Configuring APT</title>
+
+<para>
+
+The main means that people use to install packages on their system is
+via a program called <command>apt-get</command>, from the
+<classname>apt</classname> package.<footnote>
+
+<para>
+
+Note that the actual program that installs packages is called
+<command>dpkg</command>. However, this package is more of a low-level
+tool. <command>apt-get</command> is a higher-level tool as it will
+invoke <command>dpkg</command> as appropriate and also because it knows
+to install other packages which are required for the package you're
+trying to install, as well as how to retrieve the package from your
+CD, the network, or wherever.
+
+</para>
+</footnote>
+Other front-ends for package management, like <command>aptitude</command>,
+<command>synaptic</command> and the older <command>dselect</command> also
+use and depend on <command>apt-get</command>. These front-ends are recommended
+for new users, since they integrate some additional features (package
+searching and status checks) in a nice user interface.
+
+</para><para>
+
+APT must be configured so that it knows where to retrieve packages from.
+The helper application which assists in this task is called
+<command>apt-setup</command>.
+
+</para><para>
+
+The next step in your configuration process is to tell APT where other
+Debian packages can be found. Note that you can re-run this tool at
+any point after installation by running <command>apt-setup</command>,
+or by manually editing <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>.
+
+</para><para>
+
+If an official CD-ROM is in the drive at this point, then that CD-ROM
+should automatically be configured as an apt source without prompting.
+You will notice this because you will see the CD-ROM being scanned.
+
+</para><para>
+
+For users without an official CD-ROM, you will be offered an array of
+choices for how Debian packages are accessed: FTP, HTTP, CD-ROM, or
+a local file system.
+
+</para><para>
+
+You should know that it's perfectly acceptable to have a number of
+different APT sources, even for the same Debian archive.
+<command>apt-get</command> will automatically pick the package with
+the highest version number given all the available versions. Or, for
+instance, if you have both an HTTP and a CD-ROM APT source,
+<command>apt-get</command> should automatically use the local CD-ROM
+when possible, and only resort to HTTP if a newer version is available
+there. However, it is not a good idea to add unnecessary APT sources,
+since this will tend to slow down the process of checking the network
+archives for new versions.
+
+</para>
+
+ <sect3 id="configure-apt-net">
+ <title>Configuring Network Package Sources</title>
+
+<para>
+
+If you plan on installing the rest of your system via the network, the
+most common option is to select the <userinput>http</userinput>
+source. The <userinput>ftp</userinput> source is also acceptable, but
+tends to be somewhat slower making connections.
+
+</para><para>
+
+The next step during the configuration of network package sources is
+to tell <command>apt-setup</command> which country you live in. This
+configures which of the official Debian Internet mirrors you will
+connect to. Depending on which country you select, you will be presented
+with a list of possible servers. It's generally fine to pick the one at
+the top of the list, but any of them should work. Note however that the
+mirror list provided by the installation was generated when this version
+of Debian was released and some mirrors may no longer be available.
+
+</para><para>
+
+After you have selected a mirror, you will be asked if a proxy server
+should be used. A proxy server is a server that will forward all your
+HTTP and/or FTP requests to the Internet and is most often used to regulate
+and optimize access to the Internet on corporate networks. In some networks
+only the proxy server is allowed access to the Internet, in which case you
+will have to enter the name of the proxy server. You may also have to
+include an user name and password. Most home users will not need to specify
+a proxy server, although some ISPs may provide proxy servers for their
+users.
+
+</para><para>
+
+After you select a mirror, your new network package source will be tested.
+If all goes well, you will be prompted whether you want to add another
+package source. If you have any problems using the package source you selected,
+try using a different mirror (either from your country list or from the
+global list), or try using a different network package source.
+
+</para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>