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authorFrans Pop <elendil@planet.nl>2006-08-07 21:03:18 +0000
committerFrans Pop <elendil@planet.nl>2006-08-07 21:03:18 +0000
commit29ba2e2cf1e8043f68702e111f12b097446058b9 (patch)
tree2db7ab2b72976ff15ca3d70cf0551d9b1d2eab0b /eu/boot-installer/i386.xml
parent430e0614cbcb30ba41a2dc71085e0415d19c27dd (diff)
downloadinstallation-guide-29ba2e2cf1e8043f68702e111f12b097446058b9.zip
Rename some i386 files/directories to x86 because of AMD64 inclusion
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-<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking -->
-<!-- original version: 16879 untranslated -->
-
- <sect2 arch="x86"><title>Booting from a CD-ROM</title>
-
-&boot-installer-intro-cd.xml;
-
-<para>
-
-You may need to configure your hardware as indicated in
-<xref linkend="boot-dev-select"/>. Then put the CD-ROM into the drive,
-and reboot. The system should boot up, and you should be presented
-with the <prompt>boot:</prompt> prompt. Here you can enter your
-boot arguments, or just hit &enterkey;.
-
-</para><para>
-
-<!-- We'll comment the following section until we know exact layout -->
-<!--
-CD #1 of official Debian CD-ROM sets for &arch-title; will present a
-<prompt>boot:</prompt> prompt on most hardware. Press
-<keycap>F3</keycap> to see the list of kernel options available
-from which to boot. Just type your chosen flavor name (idepci,
-vanilla, compact, bf24) at the <prompt>boot:</prompt> prompt
-followed by &enterkey;.
-
-</para><para>
-
-If your hardware doesn't support booting of multiple images, put one
-of the other CDs in the drive. It appears that most SCSI CD-ROM drives
-do not support <command>isolinux</command> multiple image booting, so users
-with SCSI CD-ROMs should try either CD2 (vanilla) or CD3 (compact),
-or CD5 (bf2.4).
-
-</para><para>
-
-CD's 2 through 5 will each boot a
-different ``flavor'' depending on which CD-ROM is
-inserted. See <xref linkend="kernel-choice"/> for a discussion of the
-different flavors. Here's how the flavors are laid out on the
-different CD-ROMs:
-
-<variablelist>
-<varlistentry>
-<term>CD 1</term><listitem><para>
-
-Allows a selection of kernel images to boot from (the idepci flavor is
-the default if no selection is made).
-
-</para></listitem></varlistentry>
-<varlistentry>
-<term>CD 2</term><listitem><para>
-
-Boots the `vanilla' flavor.
-
-</para></listitem></varlistentry>
-<varlistentry>
-<term>CD 3</term><listitem><para>
-
-Boots the `compact' flavor.
-
-</para></listitem></varlistentry>
-<varlistentry>
-<term>CD 4</term><listitem><para>
-
-Boots the `idepci' flavor.
-
-</para></listitem></varlistentry>
-<varlistentry>
-<term>CD 5</term><listitem><para>
-
-Boots the `bf2.4' flavor.
-
-</para></listitem></varlistentry>
-
- </variablelist>
-
-</para><para>
-
--->
-
-If your system can't boot directly from CD-ROM, or you simply can't
-seem to get it to work, don't despair; you can simply run
-<command>E:\install\boot.bat</command> under DOS (replace
-<userinput>E:</userinput> with whatever drive letter DOS assigns to
-your CD-ROM drive) to start the installation process. Then, skip down
-to <xref linkend="init-config"/>.
-
-</para><para>
-
-Also, if you're going to be installing from a FAT (DOS) partition, you
-have the option of booting the installer from the hard disk. See
-<xref linkend="install-from-dos"/> for more information on
-installing via this method.
-
-</para>
- </sect2>
-
-
-
- <sect2 arch="x86" id="install-from-dos">
- <title>Booting from a DOS partition</title>
-
-&boot-installer-intro-hd.xml;
-
-<para>
-
-Boot into DOS (not Windows) without any drivers being loaded. To do
-this, you have to press <keycap>F8</keycap> at exactly the right
-moment (and optionally select the `safe mode command prompt only'
-option). Enter the subdirectory for the flavor you chose, e.g.,
-
-<informalexample><screen>
-
-cd c:\current\compact
-
-</screen></informalexample>.
-
-Next, execute <command>install.bat</command>.
-The kernel will load and launch the installer system.
-
-</para><para>
-
-Please note, there is currently a loadlin problem (#142421) which
-precludes <filename>install.bat</filename> from being used with the
-bf2.4 flavor. The symptom of the problem is an
-<computeroutput>invalid compressed format</computeroutput> error.
-
-</para>
- </sect2>
-
-
- <sect2 arch="x86" id="boot-initrd">
- <title>Booting from linux using <command>LILO</command> or
- <command>GRUB</command></title>
-<para>
-
-For <command>LILO</command>, you will need to configure two
-essentials things in <filename>/etc/lilo.conf</filename>:
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>
-
-to load the <filename>initrd.gz</filename> installer at boot time;
-
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>
-
-have the <filename>vmlinuz</filename> kernel use a RAM disk as
-its root partition.
-
-</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
-Here is a <filename>/etc/lilo.conf</filename> example:
-
-</para><para>
-
-<informalexample><screen>
-
-image=/boot/newinstall/vmlinuz
- label=newinstall
- initrd=/boot/newinstall/initrd.gz
- root=/dev/ram
- append="devfs=mount,dall"
-
-</screen></informalexample>
-
-For more details, refer to the
-<citerefentry><refentrytitle>initrd</refentrytitle>
-<manvolnum>4</manvolnum></citerefentry> and
-<citerefentry><refentrytitle>lilo.conf</refentrytitle>
-<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> man pages. Now run
-<userinput>lilo</userinput> and reboot.
-
-</para><para>
-
-The procedure for <command>GRUB</command> is quite similar. Locate your
-<filename>menu.lst</filename> in the <filename>/boot/grub/</filename>
-directory (sometimes in the <filename>/boot/boot/grub/</filename>),
-add the following lines:
-
-<informalexample><screen>
-
-title New Install
-kernel (hd0,0)/boot/newinstall/vmlinuz root=/dev/ram devfs=mount,dall
-initrd (hd0,0)/boot/newinstall/initrd.gz
-
-</screen></informalexample>
-
-and reboot. Please note, that you may need an additional parameter
-<userinput>ramdisk_size=<replaceable>size in KB</replaceable></userinput>,
-depending on the image you are booting. From now on, there should be
-no difference between <command>GRUB</command> or <command>LILO</command>.
-
-</para><para>
-
-You can trace the <filename>initrd</filename> magic at work several
-times during the boot.
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>
-
-before the kernel has even been loaded, <command>LILO</command>
-displays a much longer <computeroutput>Loading
-<replaceable>imagelabel</replaceable>......</computeroutput> line with
-more dots than usual, showing the progression of the RAM disk image
-loading.
-
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>
-
-You should see the <computeroutput>RAM disk driver
-initialized</computeroutput>
-notice, near the real time clock initialization, proving that your
-kernel supports the RAM disk feature.
-
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>
-
-Finally, if you don't see <computeroutput>RAMDISK: ext2 filesystem
-found at block 0</computeroutput> immediately after the partition
-checks, it's probably because
-your kernel miss the <filename>initrd</filename> feature.
-
-</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
-</para><para condition="FIXME">
-
-You should now see the debian installer running. If you do not use any
-removable medium, you want to check very early that your network
-connection is working and <emphasis>before</emphasis> irreversibly
-partitioning your hard disk. So you maybe need to
-<userinput>insmod</userinput> some additional kernel modules for this,
-for instance for your network interface. It's time
-<emphasis>not</emphasis> to follow the order of steps suggested by
-<command>debian-installer</command>. Leap directly to <userinput>Mount a
-Previously-Initialized Partition</userinput>, and mount the partition
-where you stored the modules that you extracted from
-<filename>drivers.tgz</filename> (<xref linkend="files-lilo"></xref>).
-
-</para>
-
-<!-- Ideally, configure Device Driver Modules should support the
-following (insmod-ing from the hard-disk) and not only from a floppy.
-That would avoid the need to open a shell -->
-
-<para>
-
-Then switch to an other virtual terminal and use a shell (see
-<xref linkend="shell"/>) to find drivers
-in the just mounted <filename>/target</filename>
-directory. <userinput>insmod</userinput> the ones you need.
-
-</para><para>
-
-Go to <xref linkend="netcfg"/> in the
-<command>debian-installer</command> installer menus, and
-<userinput>ping</userinput> your favorite debian mirror at last.
-Congratulations!
-
-</para><para>
-
-Use <userinput>Unmount a Partition</userinput> if you have mounted one
-in the previous
-paragraph, safely go back to the partitioning steps at the start of
-<command>debian-installer</command> and follow the regular procedure,
-with the network as a bonus. At this stage, it is even possible
-(only a bit risky) to completely wipe out all the previous partitions
-on your hard drive for a very clean installation. The only risk is that
-your hard drive will be un-bootable for a short period of time.
-
-</para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2 arch="x86" id="usb-boot">
- <title>Booting from USB memory stick</title>
-<para>
-
-Lets assume you have prepared everything from <xref
-linkend="boot-dev-select"/> and <xref linkend="boot-usb-files"/>. Now
-just plug your USB stick into some free USB connector and reboot the
-computer. The system should boot up, and you should be presented with
-the <prompt>boot:</prompt> prompt. Here you can enter optional boot
-arguments, or just hit &enterkey;.
-
-</para><para>
-
-In case your computer doesn't support booting from USB memory devices,
-you can still use a single floppy to do the initial boot and then
-switch to USB. Advance according to <xref linkend="floppy-boot"/>; the
-kernel on boot floppy should detect your USB stick automatically. When
-it asks for the root floppy, simply press &enterkey;. You should see
-&d-i; starting.
-
-</para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2 arch="x86" id="floppy-boot">
- <title>Booting from Floppies</title>
-<para>
-
-You will have already downloaded the floppy images you needed and
-created floppies from the images in <xref linkend="create-floppy"/>.
-If you need to, you can also modify the boot floppy; see
-<xref linkend="rescue-replace-kernel"/>.
-
-</para><para>
-
-To boot from the installer boot floppy, place it in the primary floppy
-drive, shut down the system as you normally would, then turn it back
-on.
-
-</para><para>
-
-For installing from a LS-120 drive (ATAPI version) with a set of
-floppies, you need to specify the virtual location for the floppy
-device. This is done with the <emphasis>root=</emphasis> boot
-argument, giving the device that the ide-floppy driver maps the device
-to. For example, if your LS-120 drive is connected as the first IDE
-device (master) on the second cable, you enter
-<userinput>linux root=/dev/hdc</userinput> at the boot prompt.
-Installation from LS-120 is only supported by 2.4 and later kernels.
-
-</para><para>
-
-Note that on some machines, <keycombo><keycap>Control</keycap>
-<keycap>Alt</keycap> <keycap>Delete</keycap></keycombo> does not
-properly reset the machine, so a ``hard'' reboot is recommended. If
-you are installing from an existing operating system (e.g., from a DOS
-box) you don't have a choice. Otherwise, please do a hard reboot when
-booting.
-
-</para><para>
-
-The floppy disk will be accessed, and you should then see a screen
-that introduces the boot floppy and ends with the <prompt>boot:</prompt>
-prompt.
-
-</para><para>
-
-You can do two things at the <prompt>boot:</prompt> prompt. You can
-press the function keys <keycap>F1</keycap> through
-<keycap>F10</keycap> to view a few pages of helpful information, or
-you can boot the system.
-
-</para><para>
-
-Information on boot parameters which might be useful can be found by
-pressing <keycap>F4</keycap> through <keycap>F7</keycap>. If you add any
-parameters to
-the boot command line, be sure to type the boot method (the default is
-<userinput>linux</userinput>) and a space before the first parameter (e.g.,
-<userinput>linux floppy=thinkpad</userinput>). If you simply press &enterkey;,
-that's the same as typing <userinput>linux</userinput> without any special
-parameters.
-
-</para><para>
-
-Once you press &enterkey;, you should see the message
-<computeroutput>Loading...</computeroutput>, followed by
-<computeroutput>Uncompressing Linux...</computeroutput>, and
-then a screenful or so of information about the hardware in your
-system. More information on this phase of the boot process can be
-found below in <xref linkend="kernel-msgs"/>.
-
-</para><para>
-
-After booting from the boot floppy, the root floppy is
-requested. Insert the root floppy and press &enterkey;, and the
-contents are loaded into memory. The installer program
-<command>debian-installer</command> is automatically launched.
-
-</para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2 arch="x86" id="boot-tftp"><title>Booting with TFTP</title>
-
-&boot-installer-intro-net.xml;
-
-<para>
-
-There are various ways to do a TFTP boot on i386.
-
-</para>
-
- <sect3><title>Etherboot</title>
-<para>
-
-The <ulink url="http://www.etherboot.org">etherboot project</ulink>
-provides bootdiskettes and even bootroms that do a TFTPboot.
-
-</para>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3><title>NIC with network bootROM</title>
-<para>
-
-It could be that your Network Interface Card provides
-TFTP boot functionality.
-
-</para><para condition="FIXME">
-
-Let us (<email>&email-debian-boot-list;</email>) know how did you manage it.
-Please refer to this document.
-
-</para>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3><title>NIC or Motherboard that support PXE</title>
-<para>
-
-It could be that your Network Interface Card or Motherboard provides
-PXE boot functionality.
-Which is a <trademark class="trade">Intel</trademark> re-implemention
-of TFTP boot.
-
-</para><para condition="FIXME">
-
-Let us (<email>&email-debian-boot-list;</email>) know how did you manage it.
-Please refer to this document.
-
-<!-- from #debian-boot 2004-03-13
-06:37 -!- SuperQ [ben@trogdor.likes.to.burninate.net] has joined #debian-boot
-06:38 < SuperQ> anyone done much with d-i on pxe boot?
-06:39 < SuperQ> I got it all setup, daily build from sjogren's files
-06:39 < joshk> yes, it works
-06:39 < SuperQ> "Warning: unable to open an initial console."
-06:39 < SuperQ> Kernel panic: Attempted to kill init!
-06:39 < joshk> pass devfs=mount to the kernel
-06:40 < joshk> in pxelinux.cfg/whatever
-06:40 < SuperQ> oh.. that's changed since the bug tracking post
-06:40 < SuperQ> http://lists.debian.org/debian-testing/2003/debian-testing-200311/msg00098.html
-06:40 < SuperQ> that says to devfs=nomount
-06:41 < SuperQ> should probably copy the bulk of that message into
-debian/dists/sarge/main/installer-i386/current/doc/INSTALLATION-HOWTO
-06:41 < SuperQ> :) )
-06:41 < joshk> that's from months ago
-06:41 < joshk> :P
-06:41 < SuperQ> I know
-06:42 < SuperQ> but it's still referanced in the howto
-06:42 < SuperQ> yay! it works now
-06:42 * SuperQ gives his new ThinkPad X31 some sarge love
-06:42 < SuperQ> I'll have to write up a page on Sarge/D-I and things for
- linux-laptops.net
-06:45 < SuperQ> thanks joshk
--->
-</para>
- </sect3>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2 arch="x86"><title>i386 Boot Parameters</title>
-<para>
-
-If you are booting from the boot floppy or from CD-ROM you will be
-presented with the boot prompt, <prompt>boot:</prompt>. Details
-about how to use boot parameters with the boot floppy can be found
-in <xref linkend="floppy-boot"/>. If you are booting from an
-existing operating system, you'll have to use other means to set boot
-parameters. For instance, if you are installing from DOS, you can
-edit the <filename>install.bat</filename> file with any text editor.
-
-</para><para>
-
-Some systems have floppies with ``inverted DCLs''. If you receive
-errors reading from the floppy, even when you know the floppy is good,
-try the parameter <userinput>floppy=thinkpad</userinput>.
-
-</para><para>
-
-On some systems, such as the IBM PS/1 or ValuePoint (which have ST-506
-disk drivers), the IDE drive may not be properly recognized. Again,
-try it first without the parameters and see if the IDE drive is
-recognized properly. If not, determine your drive geometry
-(cylinders, heads, and sectors), and use the parameter
-<userinput>hd=<replaceable>cylinders</replaceable>,<replaceable>heads</replaceable>,<replaceable>sectors</replaceable></userinput>.
-
-</para><para>
-
-If you have a very old machine, and the kernel hangs after saying
-<computeroutput>Checking 'hlt' instruction...</computeroutput>, then
-you should try the <userinput>no-hlt</userinput> boot argument, which
-disables this test.
-
-</para><para>
-
-If your screen begins to show a weird picture while the kernel boots,
-eg. pure white, pure black or colored pixel garbage, your system may
-contain a problematic video card which does not switch to the
-framebuffer mode properly. Then you can use the boot parameter
-<userinput>debian-installer/framebuffer=false</userinput> or
-<userinput>video=vga16:off</userinput> to disable the framebuffer
-console. The language chooser will not appear; only the english
-language will be available during the installation due to limited
-console features. See <xref linkend="boot-parms"/> for details.
-
-</para>
- </sect2>
-
-
- <sect2 arch="x86">
- <title>System freeze during the PCMCIA configuration phase</title>
-
-<para>
-
-Some laptop models produced by Dell are known to crash when PCMCIA device
-detection tries to access some hardware addresses. Other laptops may display
-similar problems. If you experience such a problem and you don't need PCMCIA
-support during the installation, you can disable PCMCIA using the
-<userinput>hw-detect/start_pcmcia=false</userinput> boot parameter. You can
-then configure PCMCIA after the installation is completed and exclude the
-resource range causing the problems.
-
-</para><para>
-
-Alternatively, you can boot the installer in expert mode. You will
-then be asked to enter the resource range options your hardware
-needs. For example, if you have one of the Dell laptops mentioned
-above, you should enter <userinput>exclude port
-0x800-0x8ff</userinput> here. There is also a list of some common
-resource range options in the <ulink
-url="http://pcmcia-cs.sourceforge.net/ftp/doc/PCMCIA-HOWTO-2.html#ss2.5">System
-resource settings section of the PCMCIA HOWTO</ulink>. Note that you
-have to omit the commas, if any, when you enter this value in the
-installer.
-
-</para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2 arch="x86">
- <title>System freeze while loading the USB modules</title>
-<para>
-
-The kernel normally tries to install USB modules and the USB keyboard driver
-in order to support some non-standard USB keyboards. However, there are some
-broken USB systems where the driver hangs on loading. A possible workaround
-may be disabling the USB controller in your mainboard BIOS setup. Another option
-is passing the <userinput>debian-installer/probe/usb=false</userinput> parameter
-at the boot prompt, which will prevent the modules from being loaded.
-
-</para>
- </sect2>