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author | Joey Hess <joeyh@debian.org> | 2005-10-07 19:51:38 +0000 |
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committer | Joey Hess <joeyh@debian.org> | 2005-10-07 19:51:38 +0000 |
commit | 1ea73eea5ecc6a8ed901316049259aee737ee554 (patch) | |
tree | 03a077f0b1b1548f3c806bd1c5795964fba0fb52 /en/howto/installation-howto.xml | |
download | installation-guide-1ea73eea5ecc6a8ed901316049259aee737ee554.zip |
move manual to top-level directory, split out of debian-installer package
Diffstat (limited to 'en/howto/installation-howto.xml')
-rw-r--r-- | en/howto/installation-howto.xml | 350 |
1 files changed, 350 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/en/howto/installation-howto.xml b/en/howto/installation-howto.xml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9513858ac --- /dev/null +++ b/en/howto/installation-howto.xml @@ -0,0 +1,350 @@ +<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking --> +<!-- $Id$ --> + +<appendix id="installation-howto"> +<title>Installation Howto</title> + +<para> + +This document describes how to install &debian; &releasename; for +the &arch-title; (<quote>&architecture;</quote>) with the +new &d-i;. It is a quick walkthrough of the installation process +which should contain all the information you will need for most installs. +When more information can be useful, we will link to more detailed +explanations in the <link linkend="debian_installation_guide">&debian; +Installation Guide</link>. + +</para> + + <sect1 id="howto-preliminaries"> + <title>Preliminaries</title> +<para> + +<phrase condition="unofficial-build"> +The debian-installer is still in a beta state. +</phrase> +If you encounter bugs during your install, please refer to +<xref linkend="submit-bug" /> for instructions +on how to report them. If you have questions which cannot be +answered by this document, please direct them to the debian-boot +mailing list (&email-debian-boot-list;) or ask on IRC (#debian-boot +on the freenode network). + +</para> + </sect1> + + <sect1 id="howto-getting-images"> + <title>Booting the installer</title> +<para> + +<phrase condition="unofficial-build"> +For some quick links to CD images, check out the <ulink url="&url-d-i;"> +&d-i; home page</ulink>. +</phrase> +The debian-cd team provides builds of CD images using &d-i; on the +<ulink url="&url-debian-cd;">Debian CD page</ulink>. +For more information on where to get CDs, see <xref linkend="official-cdrom" />. + +</para><para> + +Some installation methods require other images than CD images. +<phrase condition="unofficial-build"> +The <ulink url="&url-d-i;">&d-i; home page</ulink> has links to +other images. +</phrase> +<xref linkend="where-files" /> explains how to find images on Debian +mirrors. + +</para><para> + +The subsections below will give the details about which images you should +get for each possible means of installation. + +</para> + + <sect2 id="howto-getting-images-cdrom"> + <title>CDROM</title> + +<para> + +There are two different netinst CD images which can be used to install +&releasename; with the &d-i;. These images are intended to boot from CD +and install additional packages over a network, hence the name 'netinst'. +The difference between the two images is that on the full netinst image +the base packages are included, whereas you have to download these from +the web if you are using the business card image. If you'd rather, you can +get a full size CD image which will not need the network to install. You +only need the first CD of the set. + +</para><para> + +Download whichever type you prefer and burn it to a CD. +<phrase arch="i386">To boot the CD, you may need to change your BIOS +configuration, as explained in <xref linkend="bios-setup" />.</phrase> +<phrase arch="powerpc"> +To boot a PowerMac from CD, press the <keycap>c</keycap> key while booting. See +<xref linkend="boot-cd" /> for other ways to boot from CD. +</phrase> + +</para> + </sect2> + + <sect2 condition="supports-floppy-boot" id="howto-getting-images-floppy"> + <title>Floppy</title> +<para> + +If you can't boot from CD, you can download floppy images to install +Debian. You need the <filename>floppy/boot.img</filename>, the +<filename>floppy/root.img</filename> and possibly one of the driver disks. + +</para><para> + +The boot floppy is the one with <filename>boot.img</filename> on it. +This floppy, when booted, will prompt you to insert a second floppy — +use the one with <filename>root.img</filename> on it. + +</para><para> + +If you're planning to install over the network, you will usually need +the <filename>floppy/net-drivers.img</filename>, which contains additional +drivers for many ethernet cards, and support for PCMCIA. + +</para><para> + +If you have a CD, but cannot boot from it, then boot from floppies and use +<filename>floppy/cd-drivers.img</filename> on a driver disk to complete the +install using the CD. + +</para><para> + +Floppy disks are one of the least reliable media around, so be prepared for +lots of bad disks (see <xref linkend="unreliable-floppies" />). Each +<filename>.img</filename> file you downloaded goes on a single floppy; +you can use the dd command to write it to /dev/fd0 or some other means +(see <xref linkend="create-floppy" /> for details). +Since you'll have more than one floppy, it's a good idea to label them. + +</para> + </sect2> + + <sect2 condition="bootable-usb" id="howto-getting-images-usb"> + <title>USB memory stick</title> +<para> + +It's also possible to install from removable USB storage devices. For +example a USB keychain can make a handy Debian install medium that you +can take with you anywhere. + +</para><para> + +The easiest way to prepare your USB memory stick is to download +<filename>hd-media/boot.img.gz</filename>, and use gunzip to extract the 128 MB +image from that file. Write this image directly to your memory stick, which +must be at least 128 mb in size. Of course this will destroy anything already +on the memory stick. Then mount the memory stick, which will now have a FAT +filesystem on it. Next, download a Debian netinst CD image, and copy that file +to the memory stick; any filename is ok as long as it ends in +<literal>.iso</literal>. + +</para><para> + +There are other, more flexible ways to set up a memory stick to use the +debian-installer, and it's possible to get it to work with smaller memory +sticks. For details, see <xref linkend="boot-usb-files" />. + +</para><para arch="i386"> + +Some BIOSes can boot USB storage directly, and some cannot. You may need to +configure your BIOS to boot from a <quote>removable drive</quote> or even a +<quote>USB-ZIP</quote> to get it to boot from the USB device. If it +doesn't, you can boot from one floppy and use the USB stick for the rest of +the install. For helpful hints and details, see <xref linkend="usb-boot" />. + +</para><para arch="powerpc"> + +Booting Macintosh systems from USB storage devices involves manual use +of Open Firmware. For directions, see <xref linkend="usb-boot" />. + +</para> + </sect2> + + <sect2 id="howto-getting-images-netboot"> + <title>Booting from network</title> +<para> + +It's also possible to boot &d-i; completely from the net. The +various methods to netboot depend on your architecture and netboot setup. +The files in <filename>netboot/</filename> can be used to netboot &d-i;. + +</para><para arch="i386"> + +The easiest thing to set up is probably PXE netbooting. Untar the +file <filename>netboot/pxeboot.tar.gz</filename> into +<filename>/var/lib/tftpboot</filename> or +wherever is appropriate for your tftp server. Set up your DHCP server to pass +filename <filename>/pxelinux.0</filename> to clients, and with luck +everything will just work. +For detailed instructions, see <xref linkend="install-tftp" />. + +</para> + </sect2> + + <sect2 id="howto-getting-images-hard-disk"> + <title>Booting from hard disk</title> +<para> + +It's possible to boot the installer using no removable media, but just an +existing hard disk, which can have a different OS on it. Download +<filename>hd-media/initrd.gz</filename>, <filename>hd-media/vmlinuz</filename>, +and a Debian CD image to the top-level directory of the hard disk. Make sure +that the CD image has a filename ending in <literal>.iso</literal>. Now +it's just a matter of booting linux with the initrd. +<phrase arch="i386"> +<xref linkend="boot-initrd" /> explains one way to do it. +</phrase> + +</para> + </sect2> + </sect1> + + <sect1 id="howto-installation"> +<title>Installation</title> +<para> + +Once the installer starts, you will be greeted with an initial screen. Press +&enterkey; to boot, or read the instructions for other boot +methods and parameters (see <xref linkend="boot-parms" />). +<phrase arch="i386"> +<phrase condition="sarge"> +If you want a 2.6 kernel, type <userinput>linux26</userinput> at the +<prompt>boot:</prompt> prompt. +</phrase> +<phrase condition="etch"> +If you want a 2.4 kernel, type <userinput>install24</userinput> at the +<prompt>boot:</prompt> prompt. +</phrase> +<footnote><para> + +<phrase condition="sarge"> +The 2.6 kernel is available for most boot methods, but not when booting from +a floppy. +</phrase> +<phrase condition="etch"> +The 2.6 kernel is the default for most boot methods, but is not available +when booting from a floppy. +</phrase> + +</para></footnote> +</phrase> + +</para><para> + +After a while you will be asked to select your language. Use the arrow keys +to pick a language and press &enterkey; to continue. Next you'll be asked to +select your country, with the choices including countries where your +language is spoken. If it's not on the short list, a list of all the +countries in the world is available. + +</para><para> + +You may be asked to confirm your keyboard layout. Choose the default unless +you know better. + +</para><para> + +Now sit back while debian-installer detects some of your hardware, and +loads the rest of itself from CD, floppy, USB, etc. + +</para><para> + +Next the installer will try to detect your network hardware and set up +networking by DHCP. If you are not on a network or do not have DHCP, you +will be given the opportunity to configure the network manually. + +</para><para> + +Now it is time to partition your disks. First you will be given the +opportunity to automatically partition either an entire drive, or free +space on a drive. This is recommended for new users or anyone in a hurry, +but if you do not want to autopartition, choose manual from the menu. + +</para><para arch="i386"> + +If you have an existing DOS or Windows partition that you want to preserve, +be very careful with automatic partitioning. If you choose manual partitioning, +you can use the installer to resize existing FAT or NTFS partitions to create +room for the Debian install: simply select the partition and specify its new size. + +</para><para> + +On the next screen you will see your partition table, how the partitions +will be formatted, and where they will be mounted. Select a partition to +modify or delete it. If you did automatic partitioning, you should just be +able to choose <guimenuitem>Finished partitioning</guimenuitem> from the +menu to use what it set up. Remember to assign at least one partition for +swap space and to mount a partition on <filename>/</filename>. +<xref linkend="partitioning" /> has more information about partitioning. + +</para><para> + +Now &d-i; formats your partitions and starts to install the base system, +which can take a while. That is followed by installing a kernel. + +</para><para> + +The last step is to install a boot loader. If the installer detects +other operating systems on your computer, it will add them to the boot menu +and let you know. +<phrase arch="i386">By default GRUB will be installed to the master boot +record of the first harddrive, which is generally a good choice. You'll be +given the opportunity to override that choice and install it elsewhere. +</phrase> + +</para><para> + +&d-i; will now tell you that the installation has +finished. Remove the cdrom or other boot media and hit &enterkey; +to reboot your machine. It should boot up into the next stage of the install +process, which is explained in <xref linkend="boot-new" />. + +</para><para> + +If you need more information on the install process, see +<xref linkend="d-i-intro" />. + +</para> + </sect1> + + <sect1 id="howto-installation-report"> + <title>Send us an installation report</title> +<para> + +If you successfully managed an installation with &d-i;, +please take time to provide us with a report. There is a template +named <filename>install-report.template</filename> in the +<filename>/root</filename> directory of a freshly +installed system. Please fill it out and file it as a bug against the +package <classname>installation-reports</classname>, as explained in +<xref linkend="submit-bug" />. + +</para><para> + +If you did not reach base-config or ran into other trouble, you +probably found a bug in debian-installer. To improve the installer it +is necessary that we know about them, so please take the time to +report them. You can use an installation report to report problems; +if the install completely fails, see <xref linkend="problem-report" />. + +</para> + </sect1> + + <sect1 id="howto-installation-finally"> + <title>And finally..</title> +<para> + +We hope that your Debian installation is pleasant and that you find Debian +useful. You might want to read <xref linkend="post-install" />. + +</para> + </sect1> +</appendix> |