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authorFrans Pop <elendil@planet.nl>2009-08-22 15:52:14 +0000
committerFrans Pop <elendil@planet.nl>2009-08-22 15:52:14 +0000
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treeef067b19e0513da5d71136e123a5ee504ccc9f58 /da/using-d-i/modules/mdcfg.xml
parente5895f1749ea5e3dbad24341018333d101e53685 (diff)
downloadinstallation-guide-325e7229b079ce8367df7a7571aad8bfc8e1e5a9.zip
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-<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking -->
-<!-- original version: 22841 untranslated -->
-
- <sect3 id="mdcfg">
- <title>Configuring Multidisk Device (Software RAID)</title>
-<para>
-
-If you have more than one harddrive<footnote><para>
-
-To be honest, you can construct MD device even from partitions
-residing on single physical drive, but that won't bring you anything
-useful.
-
-</para></footnote> in your computer, you can use
-<command>mdcfg</command> to set up your drives for increased
-performance and/or better reliability of your data. The result is
-called <firstterm>Multidisk Device</firstterm> (or after its most
-famous variant <firstterm>software RAID</firstterm>).
-
-</para><para>
-
-MD is basically a bunch of partitions located on different disks and
-combined together to form a <emphasis>logical</emphasis> device. This
-device can then be used like an ordinary partition (i.e. in
-<command>partman</command> you can format it, assign a mountpoint,
-etc.).
-
-</para><para>
-
-The benefit you gain depends on a type of a MD device you are
-creating. Currently supported are:
-
-<variablelist>
-<varlistentry>
-
-<term>RAID0</term><listitem><para>
-
-Is mainly aimed at performance. RAID0 splits all incomming data into
-<firstterm>stripes</firstterm> and distributes them equally over each
-disk in the array. This can increase the speed of read/write
-operations, but when one of the disks fails, you will loose
-<emphasis>everything</emphasis> (part of the information is still on
-the healthy disk(s), the other part <emphasis>was</emphasis> on the
-failed disk).
-
-</para><para>
-
-The typical use for RAID0 is a partition for video editing.
-
-</para></listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-<varlistentry>
-
-<term>RAID1</term><listitem><para>
-
-Is suitable for setups where reliability is the first concern. It
-consists of several (usualy two) equaly sized partitions where every
-partition contains exactly the same data. This essentialy means three
-things. First, if one of your disks fails, you still have the data
-mirrored on the remaining disks. Second, you can use only a fraction
-of the available capacity (more precisely, it is the size of the
-smallest partition in the RAID). Third, file reads are load balanced among
-the disks, which can improve performance on a server, such as a file
-server, that tends to be loaded with more disk reads than writes.
-
-</para><para>
-
-Optionally you can have a spare disk in the array which will take the
-place of the failed disk in the case of failure.
-
-</para></listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-</variablelist>
-
-To sum it up:
-
-<informaltable>
-<tgroup cols="5">
-<thead>
-<row>
- <entry>Type</entry>
- <entry>Minimum Devices</entry>
- <entry>Spare Device</entry>
- <entry>Survives disk failure?</entry>
- <entry>Available Space</entry>
-</row>
-</thead>
-
-<tbody>
-<row>
- <entry>RAID0</entry>
- <entry>2</entry>
- <entry>no</entry>
- <entry>no</entry>
- <entry>Size of the smallest partition multiplied by number of devices in RAID</entry>
-</row>
-
-<row>
- <entry>RAID1</entry>
- <entry>2</entry>
- <entry>optional</entry>
- <entry>yes</entry>
- <entry>Size of the smallest partition in RAID</entry>
-</row>
-
-</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
-
-</para><para>
-
-If you want to know the whole truth about Software RAID, have a look
-at <ulink url="&url-software-raid-howto;">Software RAID HOWTO</ulink>.
-
-</para><para>
-
-To create an MD device, you need to have the desired partitions it
-should consist of marked for use in a RAID. (This is done in
-<command>partman</command> in the <guimenu>Partition
-settings</guimenu> menu where you should select <menuchoice>
-<guimenu>Use as:</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Use the partition as a RAID
-device</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>.)
-
-</para><warning><para>
-
-Support for MD is a relatively new addition to the installer.
-You may experience problems for some RAID levels and in combination
-with some bootloaders if you try to use MD for the root
-(<filename>/</filename>) filesystem. For experienced users, it may be
-possible to work around some of these problems by executing some
-configuration or installation steps manually from a shell.
-
-</para></warning><para>
-
-Next, you should choose <guimenuitem>Configure software
-RAID</guimenuitem> from the main <command>partman</command> menu.
-On the first screen of <command>mdcfg</command> simply select
-<guimenuitem>Create MD device</guimenuitem>. You will be presented with
-a list of supported types of MD devices, from which you should choose
-one (e.g. RAID1). What follows depends on the type of MD you selected.
-</para>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>
-
-RAID0 is simple &mdash; you will be issued with the list of available
-RAID partitions and your only task is to select the partitions which
-will form the MD.
-
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>
-
-RAID1 is a bit more tricky. First, you will be asked to enter the
-number of active devices and the number of spare devices which will
-form the MD. Next, you need to select from the list of available RAID
-partitions those that will be active and then those that will be
-spare. The count of selected partitions must be equal to the number
-provided few seconds ago. Don't worry. If you make a mistake and
-select a different number of partitions, the &d-i; won't let you
-continue until you correct the issue.
-
-</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
-<para>
-
-It is perfectly possible to have several types of MD at once. For
-example if you have three 200 GB hard drives dedicated to MD, each
-containing two 100 GB partitions, you can combine first partitions on
-all three disk into the RAID0 (fast 300 GB video editing partition)
-and use the other three partitions (2 active and 1 spare) for RAID1
-(quite reliable 100 GB partition for <filename>/home</filename>).
-
-</para><para>
-
-After you set up MD devices to your liking, you can
-<guimenuitem>Finish</guimenuitem> <command>mdcfg</command> to return
-back to the <command>partman</command> to create filesystems on your
-new MD devices and assign them the usual attributes like mountpoints.
-
-</para>
- </sect3>