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/*
* Copyright (c) 2022, Gregory Bertilson <zaggy1024@gmail.com>
*
* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
*/
#include <AK/Format.h>
#include <LibCore/Timer.h>
#include <LibVideo/Containers/Matroska/MatroskaDemuxer.h>
#include <LibVideo/VP9/Decoder.h>
#include "PlaybackManager.h"
namespace Video {
#define TRY_OR_FATAL_ERROR(expression) \
({ \
auto&& _fatal_expression = (expression); \
if (_fatal_expression.is_error()) { \
dispatch_fatal_error(_fatal_expression.release_error()); \
return; \
} \
static_assert(!::AK::Detail::IsLvalueReference<decltype(_fatal_expression.release_value())>, \
"Do not return a reference from a fallible expression"); \
_fatal_expression.release_value(); \
})
DecoderErrorOr<NonnullOwnPtr<PlaybackManager>> PlaybackManager::from_file(Core::Object& event_handler, StringView filename)
{
NonnullOwnPtr<Demuxer> demuxer = TRY(Matroska::MatroskaDemuxer::from_file(filename));
auto video_tracks = TRY(demuxer->get_tracks_for_type(TrackType::Video));
if (video_tracks.is_empty())
return DecoderError::with_description(DecoderErrorCategory::Invalid, "No video track is present"sv);
auto track = video_tracks[0];
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "Selecting video track number {}", track.identifier());
return make<PlaybackManager>(event_handler, demuxer, track, make<VP9::Decoder>());
}
PlaybackManager::PlaybackManager(Core::Object& event_handler, NonnullOwnPtr<Demuxer>& demuxer, Track video_track, NonnullOwnPtr<VideoDecoder>&& decoder)
: m_event_handler(event_handler)
, m_main_loop(Core::EventLoop::current())
, m_demuxer(move(demuxer))
, m_selected_video_track(video_track)
, m_decoder(move(decoder))
, m_frame_queue(make<VideoFrameQueue>())
, m_playback_handler(make<StartingStateHandler>(*this, false))
{
m_present_timer = Core::Timer::create_single_shot(0, [&] { timer_callback(); }).release_value_but_fixme_should_propagate_errors();
m_decode_timer = Core::Timer::create_single_shot(0, [&] { on_decode_timer(); }).release_value_but_fixme_should_propagate_errors();
TRY_OR_FATAL_ERROR(m_playback_handler->on_enter());
}
void PlaybackManager::resume_playback()
{
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "Resuming playback.");
TRY_OR_FATAL_ERROR(m_playback_handler->play());
}
void PlaybackManager::pause_playback()
{
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "Pausing playback.");
if (!m_playback_handler->is_playing())
warnln("Cannot pause.");
TRY_OR_FATAL_ERROR(m_playback_handler->pause());
}
Time PlaybackManager::current_playback_time()
{
return m_playback_handler->current_time();
}
Time PlaybackManager::duration()
{
auto duration_result = m_demuxer->duration();
if (duration_result.is_error())
dispatch_decoder_error(duration_result.release_error());
return duration_result.release_value();
}
void PlaybackManager::dispatch_fatal_error(Error error)
{
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "Encountered fatal error: {}", error.string_literal());
// FIXME: For threading, this will have to use a pre-allocated event to send to the main loop
// to be able to gracefully handle OOM.
VERIFY(&m_main_loop == &Core::EventLoop::current());
FatalPlaybackErrorEvent event { move(error) };
m_event_handler.dispatch_event(event);
}
void PlaybackManager::dispatch_decoder_error(DecoderError error)
{
switch (error.category()) {
case DecoderErrorCategory::EndOfStream:
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "{}", error.string_literal());
TRY_OR_FATAL_ERROR(m_playback_handler->stop());
break;
default:
dbgln("Playback error encountered: {}", error.string_literal());
TRY_OR_FATAL_ERROR(m_playback_handler->stop());
m_main_loop.post_event(m_event_handler, make<DecoderErrorEvent>(move(error)));
break;
}
}
void PlaybackManager::dispatch_new_frame(RefPtr<Gfx::Bitmap> frame)
{
m_main_loop.post_event(m_event_handler, make<VideoFramePresentEvent>(frame));
}
bool PlaybackManager::dispatch_frame_queue_item(FrameQueueItem&& item)
{
if (item.is_error()) {
dispatch_decoder_error(item.release_error());
return true;
}
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "Sent frame for presentation");
dispatch_new_frame(item.bitmap());
return false;
}
void PlaybackManager::dispatch_state_change()
{
m_main_loop.post_event(m_event_handler, TRY_OR_FATAL_ERROR(try_make<PlaybackStateChangeEvent>()));
}
void PlaybackManager::timer_callback()
{
TRY_OR_FATAL_ERROR(m_playback_handler->on_timer_callback());
}
void PlaybackManager::seek_to_timestamp(Time target_timestamp, SeekMode seek_mode)
{
TRY_OR_FATAL_ERROR(m_playback_handler->seek(target_timestamp, seek_mode));
}
Optional<Time> PlaybackManager::seek_demuxer_to_most_recent_keyframe(Time timestamp, Optional<Time> earliest_available_sample)
{
// FIXME: When the demuxer is getting samples off the main thread in the future, this needs to
// mutex so that seeking can't happen while that thread is getting a sample.
auto result = m_demuxer->seek_to_most_recent_keyframe(m_selected_video_track, timestamp, move(earliest_available_sample));
if (result.is_error())
dispatch_decoder_error(result.release_error());
return result.release_value();
}
void PlaybackManager::restart_playback()
{
seek_to_timestamp(Time::zero());
}
void PlaybackManager::start_timer(int milliseconds)
{
m_present_timer->start(milliseconds);
}
bool PlaybackManager::decode_and_queue_one_sample()
{
if (m_frame_queue->size() >= FRAME_BUFFER_COUNT) {
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "Frame queue is full, stopping");
return false;
}
#if PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG
auto start_time = Time::now_monotonic();
#endif
auto enqueue_error = [&](DecoderError&& error, Time timestamp) {
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "Enqueued decoder error: {}", error.string_literal());
m_frame_queue->enqueue(FrameQueueItem::error_marker(move(error), timestamp));
};
#define TRY_OR_ENQUEUE_ERROR(expression, timestamp) \
({ \
auto&& _temporary_result = (expression); \
if (_temporary_result.is_error()) { \
enqueue_error(_temporary_result.release_error(), (timestamp)); \
return false; \
} \
static_assert(!::AK::Detail::IsLvalueReference<decltype(_temporary_result.release_value())>, \
"Do not return a reference from a fallible expression"); \
_temporary_result.release_value(); \
})
auto frame_sample = TRY_OR_ENQUEUE_ERROR(m_demuxer->get_next_video_sample_for_track(m_selected_video_track), Time::min());
OwnPtr<VideoFrame> decoded_frame = nullptr;
while (!decoded_frame) {
TRY_OR_ENQUEUE_ERROR(m_decoder->receive_sample(frame_sample->data()), frame_sample->timestamp());
while (true) {
auto frame_result = m_decoder->get_decoded_frame();
if (frame_result.is_error()) {
if (frame_result.error().category() == DecoderErrorCategory::NeedsMoreInput)
break;
enqueue_error(frame_result.release_error(), frame_sample->timestamp());
return false;
}
decoded_frame = frame_result.release_value();
VERIFY(decoded_frame);
}
}
auto& cicp = decoded_frame->cicp();
cicp.adopt_specified_values(frame_sample->container_cicp());
cicp.default_code_points_if_unspecified({ ColorPrimaries::BT709, TransferCharacteristics::BT709, MatrixCoefficients::BT709, VideoFullRangeFlag::Studio });
// BT.601, BT.709 and BT.2020 have a similar transfer function to sRGB, so other applications
// (Chromium, VLC) forgo transfer characteristics conversion. We will emulate that behavior by
// handling those as sRGB instead, which causes no transfer function change in the output,
// unless display color management is later implemented.
switch (cicp.transfer_characteristics()) {
case TransferCharacteristics::BT601:
case TransferCharacteristics::BT709:
case TransferCharacteristics::BT2020BitDepth10:
case TransferCharacteristics::BT2020BitDepth12:
cicp.set_transfer_characteristics(TransferCharacteristics::SRGB);
break;
default:
break;
}
auto bitmap = TRY_OR_ENQUEUE_ERROR(decoded_frame->to_bitmap(), frame_sample->timestamp());
m_frame_queue->enqueue(FrameQueueItem::frame(bitmap, frame_sample->timestamp()));
#if PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG
auto end_time = Time::now_monotonic();
dbgln("Decoding sample at {}ms took {}ms, queue contains {} items", frame_sample->timestamp().to_milliseconds(), (end_time - start_time).to_milliseconds(), m_frame_queue->size());
#endif
return true;
}
void PlaybackManager::on_decode_timer()
{
if (!decode_and_queue_one_sample()) {
// Note: When threading is implemented, this must be dispatched via an event loop.
TRY_OR_FATAL_ERROR(m_playback_handler->on_buffer_filled());
return;
}
// Continually decode until buffering is complete
m_decode_timer->start(0);
}
Time PlaybackManager::PlaybackStateHandler::current_time() const
{
return m_manager.m_last_present_in_media_time;
}
ErrorOr<void> PlaybackManager::PlaybackStateHandler::seek(Time target_timestamp, SeekMode seek_mode)
{
return replace_handler_and_delete_this<SeekingStateHandler>(is_playing(), target_timestamp, seek_mode);
}
ErrorOr<void> PlaybackManager::PlaybackStateHandler::stop()
{
return replace_handler_and_delete_this<StoppedStateHandler>();
}
template<class T, class... Args>
ErrorOr<void> PlaybackManager::PlaybackStateHandler::replace_handler_and_delete_this(Args... args)
{
auto temp_handler = TRY(adopt_nonnull_own_or_enomem<PlaybackStateHandler>(new (nothrow) T(m_manager, args...)));
m_manager.m_playback_handler.swap(temp_handler);
#if PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG
m_has_exited = true;
dbgln("Changing state from {} to {}", temp_handler->name(), m_manager.m_playback_handler->name());
#endif
m_manager.dispatch_state_change();
TRY(m_manager.m_playback_handler->on_enter());
return {};
}
PlaybackManager& PlaybackManager::PlaybackStateHandler::manager() const
{
#if PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG
VERIFY(!m_has_exited);
#endif
return m_manager;
}
class PlaybackManager::ResumingStateHandler : public PlaybackManager::PlaybackStateHandler {
public:
ResumingStateHandler(PlaybackManager& manager, bool playing)
: PlaybackStateHandler(manager)
, m_playing(playing)
{
}
~ResumingStateHandler() override = default;
protected:
ErrorOr<void> assume_next_state()
{
if (!m_playing)
return replace_handler_and_delete_this<PausedStateHandler>();
return replace_handler_and_delete_this<PlayingStateHandler>();
}
ErrorOr<void> play() override
{
m_playing = true;
manager().dispatch_state_change();
return {};
}
bool is_playing() override { return m_playing; }
ErrorOr<void> pause() override
{
m_playing = false;
manager().dispatch_state_change();
return {};
}
bool m_playing;
};
class PlaybackManager::StartingStateHandler : public PlaybackManager::ResumingStateHandler {
using PlaybackManager::ResumingStateHandler::ResumingStateHandler;
ErrorOr<void> on_enter() override
{
return on_timer_callback();
}
StringView name() override { return "Starting"sv; }
ErrorOr<void> on_timer_callback() override
{
// Once we're threaded, instead of checking for the count here we can just mutex
// in the queue until we display the first and then again for the second to store it.
if (manager().m_frame_queue->size() < 3) {
manager().m_decode_timer->start(0);
manager().start_timer(0);
return {};
}
auto frame_to_display = manager().m_frame_queue->dequeue();
manager().m_last_present_in_media_time = frame_to_display.timestamp();
if (manager().dispatch_frame_queue_item(move(frame_to_display)))
return {};
manager().m_next_frame.emplace(manager().m_frame_queue->dequeue());
manager().m_decode_timer->start(0);
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "Displayed frame at {}ms, emplaced second frame at {}ms, finishing start now", manager().m_last_present_in_media_time.to_milliseconds(), manager().m_next_frame->timestamp().to_milliseconds());
if (!m_playing)
return replace_handler_and_delete_this<PausedStateHandler>();
return replace_handler_and_delete_this<PlayingStateHandler>();
}
ErrorOr<void> play() override
{
m_playing = true;
return {};
}
bool is_playing() override { return m_playing; };
ErrorOr<void> pause() override
{
m_playing = false;
return {};
}
bool m_playing;
};
class PlaybackManager::PlayingStateHandler : public PlaybackManager::PlaybackStateHandler {
public:
PlayingStateHandler(PlaybackManager& manager)
: PlaybackStateHandler(manager)
{
}
~PlayingStateHandler() override = default;
private:
ErrorOr<void> on_enter() override
{
m_last_present_in_real_time = Time::now_monotonic();
return on_timer_callback();
}
StringView name() override { return "Playing"sv; }
bool is_playing() override { return true; };
ErrorOr<void> pause() override
{
manager().m_last_present_in_media_time = current_time();
return replace_handler_and_delete_this<PausedStateHandler>();
}
ErrorOr<void> buffer() override
{
manager().m_last_present_in_media_time = current_time();
return replace_handler_and_delete_this<BufferingStateHandler>(true);
}
Time current_time() const override
{
return manager().m_last_present_in_media_time + (Time::now_monotonic() - m_last_present_in_real_time);
}
ErrorOr<void> on_timer_callback() override
{
auto set_presentation_timer = [&]() {
auto frame_time_ms = (manager().m_next_frame->timestamp() - current_time()).to_milliseconds();
VERIFY(frame_time_ms <= NumericLimits<int>::max());
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "Time until next frame is {}ms", frame_time_ms);
manager().start_timer(max(static_cast<int>(frame_time_ms), 0));
};
if (manager().m_next_frame.has_value() && current_time() < manager().m_next_frame->timestamp()) {
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "Current time {}ms is too early to present the next frame at {}ms, delaying", current_time().to_milliseconds(), manager().m_next_frame->timestamp().to_milliseconds());
set_presentation_timer();
return {};
}
Optional<FrameQueueItem> future_frame_item;
bool should_present_frame = false;
// Skip frames until we find a frame past the current playback time, and keep the one that precedes it to display.
while (!manager().m_frame_queue->is_empty()) {
future_frame_item.emplace(manager().m_frame_queue->dequeue());
manager().m_decode_timer->start(0);
if (future_frame_item->timestamp() >= current_time() || future_frame_item->timestamp() == FrameQueueItem::no_timestamp) {
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "Should present frame, future {} is error or after {}ms", future_frame_item->debug_string(), current_time().to_milliseconds());
should_present_frame = true;
break;
}
if (manager().m_next_frame.has_value()) {
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "At {}ms: Dropped {} in favor of {}", current_time().to_milliseconds(), manager().m_next_frame->debug_string(), future_frame_item->debug_string());
manager().m_skipped_frames++;
}
manager().m_next_frame.emplace(future_frame_item.release_value());
}
// If we don't have both of these items, we can't present, since we need to set a timer for
// the next frame. Check if we need to buffer based on the current state.
if (!manager().m_next_frame.has_value() || !future_frame_item.has_value()) {
#if PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG
StringBuilder debug_string_builder;
debug_string_builder.append("We don't have "sv);
if (!manager().m_next_frame.has_value()) {
debug_string_builder.append("a frame to present"sv);
if (!future_frame_item.has_value())
debug_string_builder.append(" or a future frame"sv);
} else {
debug_string_builder.append("a future frame"sv);
}
debug_string_builder.append(", checking for error and buffering"sv);
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, debug_string_builder.to_deprecated_string());
#endif
if (future_frame_item.has_value()) {
if (future_frame_item->is_error()) {
manager().dispatch_decoder_error(future_frame_item.release_value().release_error());
return {};
}
manager().m_next_frame.emplace(future_frame_item.release_value());
}
TRY(buffer());
return {};
}
// If we have a frame, send it for presentation.
if (should_present_frame) {
auto now = Time::now_monotonic();
manager().m_last_present_in_media_time += now - m_last_present_in_real_time;
m_last_present_in_real_time = now;
if (manager().dispatch_frame_queue_item(manager().m_next_frame.release_value()))
return {};
}
// Now that we've presented the current frame, we can throw whatever error is next in queue.
// This way, we always display a frame before the stream ends, and should also show any frames
// we already had when a real error occurs.
if (future_frame_item->is_error()) {
manager().dispatch_decoder_error(future_frame_item.release_value().release_error());
return {};
}
// The future frame item becomes the next one to present.
manager().m_next_frame.emplace(future_frame_item.release_value());
set_presentation_timer();
return {};
}
Time m_last_present_in_real_time = Time::zero();
};
class PlaybackManager::PausedStateHandler : public PlaybackManager::PlaybackStateHandler {
public:
PausedStateHandler(PlaybackManager& manager)
: PlaybackStateHandler(manager)
{
}
~PausedStateHandler() override = default;
private:
StringView name() override { return "Paused"sv; }
ErrorOr<void> play() override
{
return replace_handler_and_delete_this<PlayingStateHandler>();
}
bool is_playing() override { return false; };
};
class PlaybackManager::BufferingStateHandler : public PlaybackManager::ResumingStateHandler {
using PlaybackManager::ResumingStateHandler::ResumingStateHandler;
ErrorOr<void> on_enter() override
{
manager().m_decode_timer->start(0);
return {};
}
StringView name() override { return "Buffering"sv; }
ErrorOr<void> on_buffer_filled() override
{
return assume_next_state();
}
};
class PlaybackManager::SeekingStateHandler : public PlaybackManager::ResumingStateHandler {
public:
SeekingStateHandler(PlaybackManager& manager, bool playing, Time target_timestamp, SeekMode seek_mode)
: ResumingStateHandler(manager, playing)
, m_target_timestamp(target_timestamp)
, m_seek_mode(seek_mode)
{
}
~SeekingStateHandler() override = default;
private:
ErrorOr<void> on_enter() override
{
auto earliest_available_sample = manager().m_last_present_in_media_time;
if (manager().m_next_frame.has_value() && manager().m_next_frame->timestamp() != FrameQueueItem::no_timestamp) {
earliest_available_sample = min(earliest_available_sample, manager().m_next_frame->timestamp());
}
auto keyframe_timestamp = manager().seek_demuxer_to_most_recent_keyframe(m_target_timestamp, earliest_available_sample);
#if PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG
auto seek_mode_name = m_seek_mode == SeekMode::Accurate ? "Accurate"sv : "Fast"sv;
if (keyframe_timestamp.has_value()) {
dbgln("{} seeking to timestamp target {}ms, selected keyframe at {}ms", seek_mode_name, m_target_timestamp.to_milliseconds(), keyframe_timestamp->to_milliseconds());
} else {
dbgln("{} seeking to timestamp target {}ms, demuxer kept its iterator position", seek_mode_name, m_target_timestamp.to_milliseconds());
}
#endif
if (m_seek_mode == SeekMode::Fast) {
m_target_timestamp = keyframe_timestamp.value_or(earliest_available_sample);
}
if (keyframe_timestamp.has_value()) {
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "Timestamp is earlier than current media time, clearing queue");
manager().m_frame_queue->clear();
manager().m_next_frame.clear();
} else if (m_target_timestamp >= manager().m_last_present_in_media_time && manager().m_next_frame.has_value() && manager().m_next_frame.value().timestamp() > m_target_timestamp) {
manager().m_last_present_in_media_time = m_target_timestamp;
return assume_next_state();
}
return skip_samples_until_timestamp();
}
ErrorOr<void> skip_samples_until_timestamp()
{
while (!manager().m_frame_queue->is_empty()) {
auto item = manager().m_frame_queue->dequeue();
manager().m_decode_timer->start(0);
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "Dequeuing frame at {}ms and comparing to seek target {}ms", item.timestamp().to_milliseconds(), m_target_timestamp.to_milliseconds());
if (item.timestamp() > m_target_timestamp || item.timestamp() == FrameQueueItem::no_timestamp) {
// Fast seeking will result in an equal timestamp, so we can exit as soon as we see the next frame.
if (manager().m_next_frame.has_value()) {
manager().m_last_present_in_media_time = m_target_timestamp;
if (manager().dispatch_frame_queue_item(manager().m_next_frame.release_value()))
return {};
}
manager().m_next_frame.emplace(item);
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "Exiting seek to {} state at {}ms", m_playing ? "Playing" : "Paused", manager().m_last_present_in_media_time.to_milliseconds());
return assume_next_state();
}
manager().m_next_frame.emplace(item);
}
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "Frame queue is empty while seeking, waiting for buffer fill.");
manager().m_decode_timer->start(0);
return {};
}
StringView name() override { return "Seeking"sv; }
ErrorOr<void> seek(Time target_timestamp, SeekMode seek_mode) override
{
m_target_timestamp = target_timestamp;
m_seek_mode = seek_mode;
return on_enter();
}
Time current_time() const override
{
return m_target_timestamp;
}
// We won't need this override when threaded, the queue can pause us in on_enter().
ErrorOr<void> on_buffer_filled() override
{
dbgln_if(PLAYBACK_MANAGER_DEBUG, "Buffer filled while seeking, dequeuing until timestamp.");
return skip_samples_until_timestamp();
}
bool m_playing { false };
Time m_target_timestamp { Time::zero() };
SeekMode m_seek_mode { SeekMode::Accurate };
};
class PlaybackManager::StoppedStateHandler : public PlaybackManager::PlaybackStateHandler {
public:
StoppedStateHandler(PlaybackManager& manager)
: PlaybackStateHandler(manager)
{
}
~StoppedStateHandler() override = default;
private:
ErrorOr<void> on_enter() override
{
return {};
}
StringView name() override { return "Stopped"sv; }
ErrorOr<void> play() override
{
manager().m_next_frame.clear();
manager().m_frame_queue->clear();
auto start_timestamp = manager().seek_demuxer_to_most_recent_keyframe(Time::zero());
VERIFY(start_timestamp.has_value());
manager().m_last_present_in_media_time = start_timestamp.release_value();
return replace_handler_and_delete_this<StartingStateHandler>(true);
}
bool is_playing() override { return false; };
};
}
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