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## Name
chmod - change file mode
## Synopsis
```**sh
$ chmod <octal-mode> <path...>
$ chmod <mode> <path...>
```
## Description
`chmod` changes mode of all files specified in `path` to `octal-mode` or using symbolic representation.
The symbolic representation format is `[[ugoa][+-=][rwx...],...]`. Multiple symbolic can be given, separated by commas.
The letters `[ugoa]` controls which users' access will be changes: `u` means file owner, `g` file owning group, `o` others, and `a` - all users. If no letter is given, `a` is assumed.
The letters `[+-=]` controls which action will be taken: `+` sets the permission, `-` removes the permission, and `=` sets the mentioned permissions and unsets the other permissions.
The letters `[rwx]` controls which permission will be changes: `r` is read, `w` is write and `x` is execute.
A numeric mode is combination of 1 to 4 numbers. Omitted digits are assumet to be leading zeros. The first digit select the set user ID (4), set group ID (2) and restricted deletion / sticky (1) attributes. The second, third and fourth digit controls permissions of each user group: owner, owning group and others (not owner or owning group), respectively: read (4), write (2) and execute (1).
## Examples
```sh
# Allow full access for owner, read-execute for group, and no access for others, of 'README.md':
$ chmod 750 README.md
# Change '/bin/su' to be set-uid, read-write-execute for owner, only execute for others:
# chmod 4711 /bin/su
# Add read access for others to all files in 'Source' directory:
$ chmod o+r Source/*
# Deny read and write access for non-owners, and allow full access for owners of 'script.sh':
$ chmod o-rw,g-rw,u+rwx script.sh
# Set group access to only read of 'script.sh':
$ chmod g=r script.sh
```
## See also
* [`chgrp`(1)](chgrp.md)
* [`chown`(1)](chown.md)
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