LibWeb: Remove unecessary dependence on Window from Fetch, XHR, FileAPI

These classes only needed Window to get at its realm. Pass a realm
directly to construct Fetch, XMLHttpRequest and FileAPI classes.

17 files changed, 144 insertions, 169 deletions

diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Body.cpp b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Body.cpp
index a3e4359c35..558753531d 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Body.cpp
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Body.cpp
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 #include <LibWeb/Fetch/Body.h>
 #include <LibWeb/Fetch/Infrastructure/HTTP/Bodies.h>
 #include <LibWeb/FileAPI/Blob.h>
-#include <LibWeb/HTML/Window.h>
 #include <LibWeb/Infra/JSON.h>
 #include <LibWeb/MimeSniff/MimeType.h>
 #include <LibWeb/Streams/ReadableStream.h>
@@ -99,7 +98,6 @@ JS::NonnullGCPtr<JS::Promise> BodyMixin::text() const
 WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::Value> package_data(JS::Realm& realm, ByteBuffer bytes, PackageDataType type, Optional<MimeSniff::MimeType> const& mime_type)
 {
     auto& vm = realm.vm();
-    auto& window = verify_cast<HTML::Window>(realm.global_object());
 
     switch (type) {
     case PackageDataType::ArrayBuffer:
@@ -109,7 +107,7 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::Value> package_data(JS::Realm& realm, ByteBuffer bytes,
         // Return a Blob whose contents are bytes and type attribute is mimeType.
         // NOTE: If extracting the mime type returns failure, other browsers set it to an empty string - not sure if that's spec'd.
         auto mime_type_string = mime_type.has_value() ? mime_type->serialized() : String::empty();
-        return FileAPI::Blob::create(window, move(bytes), move(mime_type_string));
+        return FileAPI::Blob::create(realm, move(bytes), move(mime_type_string));
     }
     case PackageDataType::FormData:
         // If mimeType’s essence is "multipart/form-data", then:
diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/BodyInit.cpp b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/BodyInit.cpp
index 904b07b4bc..163b0ddafb 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/BodyInit.cpp
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/BodyInit.cpp
@@ -17,14 +17,12 @@ namespace Web::Fetch {
 // https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-bodyinit-extract
 WebIDL::ExceptionOr<Infrastructure::BodyWithType> extract_body(JS::Realm& realm, BodyInitOrReadbleBytes const& object, bool keepalive)
 {
-    auto& window = verify_cast<HTML::Window>(realm.global_object());
-
     // 1. Let stream be object if object is a ReadableStream object. Otherwise, let stream be a new ReadableStream, and set up stream.
     Streams::ReadableStream* stream;
     if (auto const* handle = object.get_pointer<JS::Handle<Streams::ReadableStream>>()) {
         stream = const_cast<Streams::ReadableStream*>(handle->cell());
     } else {
-        stream = realm.heap().allocate<Streams::ReadableStream>(realm, window);
+        stream = realm.heap().allocate<Streams::ReadableStream>(realm, verify_cast<HTML::Window>(realm.global_object()));
     }
 
     // FIXME: 2. Let action be null.
@@ -51,19 +49,19 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<Infrastructure::BodyWithType> extract_body(JS::Realm& realm,
         },
         [&](ReadonlyBytes bytes) -> WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> {
             // Set source to object.
-            source = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(window, ByteBuffer::copy(bytes));
+            source = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm, ByteBuffer::copy(bytes));
             return {};
         },
         [&](JS::Handle<JS::Object> const& buffer_source) -> WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> {
             // Set source to a copy of the bytes held by object.
-            source = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(window, WebIDL::get_buffer_source_copy(*buffer_source.cell()));
+            source = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm, WebIDL::get_buffer_source_copy(*buffer_source.cell()));
             return {};
         },
         [&](JS::Handle<URL::URLSearchParams> const& url_search_params) -> WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> {
             // Set source to the result of running the application/x-www-form-urlencoded serializer with object’s list.
             source = url_search_params->to_string().to_byte_buffer();
             // Set type to `application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8`.
-            type = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(window, ByteBuffer::copy("application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8"sv.bytes()));
+            type = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm, ByteBuffer::copy("application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8"sv.bytes()));
             return {};
         },
         [&](String const& scalar_value_string) -> WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> {
@@ -71,7 +69,7 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<Infrastructure::BodyWithType> extract_body(JS::Realm& realm,
             // Set source to the UTF-8 encoding of object.
             source = scalar_value_string.to_byte_buffer();
             // Set type to `text/plain;charset=UTF-8`.
-            type = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(window, ByteBuffer::copy("text/plain;charset=UTF-8"sv.bytes()));
+            type = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm, ByteBuffer::copy("text/plain;charset=UTF-8"sv.bytes()));
             return {};
         },
         [&](JS::Handle<Streams::ReadableStream> const& stream) -> WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> {
diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Headers.cpp b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Headers.cpp
index 574d1abfd4..5f659bf1b6 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Headers.cpp
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Headers.cpp
@@ -5,16 +5,16 @@
  */
 
 #include <LibJS/Runtime/VM.h>
+#include <LibWeb/Bindings/Intrinsics.h>
 #include <LibWeb/Fetch/Headers.h>
-#include <LibWeb/HTML/Window.h>
 
 namespace Web::Fetch {
 
 // https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-headers
-WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Headers>> Headers::create_with_global_object(HTML::Window& window, Optional<HeadersInit> const& init)
+WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Headers>> Headers::construct_impl(JS::Realm& realm, Optional<HeadersInit> const& init)
 {
     // The new Headers(init) constructor steps are:
-    auto* headers = window.heap().allocate<Headers>(window.realm(), window);
+    auto* headers = realm.heap().allocate<Headers>(realm, realm);
 
     // 1. Set this’s guard to "none".
     headers->m_guard = Guard::None;
@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Headers>> Headers::create_with_global_objec
     return JS::NonnullGCPtr(*headers);
 }
 
-Headers::Headers(HTML::Window& window)
-    : PlatformObject(window.realm())
+Headers::Headers(JS::Realm& realm)
+    : PlatformObject(realm)
     , m_header_list(make_ref_counted<Infrastructure::HeaderList>())
 {
-    set_prototype(&window.cached_web_prototype("Headers"));
+    set_prototype(&Bindings::cached_web_prototype(realm, "Headers"));
 }
 
 Headers::~Headers() = default;
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> Headers::append(String const& name_string, String cons
 {
     // The append(name, value) method steps are to append (name, value) to this.
     auto header = Infrastructure::Header {
-        .name = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), ByteBuffer::copy(name_string.bytes())),
-        .value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), ByteBuffer::copy(value_string.bytes())),
+        .name = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), ByteBuffer::copy(name_string.bytes())),
+        .value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), ByteBuffer::copy(value_string.bytes())),
     };
     TRY(append(move(header)));
     return {};
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<String> Headers::get(String const& name_string)
         return WebIDL::SimpleException { WebIDL::SimpleExceptionType::TypeError, "Invalid header name" };
 
     // 2. Return the result of getting name from this’s header list.
-    auto byte_buffer = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), m_header_list->get(name));
+    auto byte_buffer = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), m_header_list->get(name));
     // FIXME: Teach BindingsGenerator about Optional<String>
     return byte_buffer.has_value() ? String { byte_buffer->span() } : String {};
 }
@@ -125,10 +125,10 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> Headers::set(String const& name_string, String const&
     auto value = value_string.bytes();
 
     // 1. Normalize value.
-    auto normalized_value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), Infrastructure::normalize_header_value(value));
+    auto normalized_value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), Infrastructure::normalize_header_value(value));
 
     auto header = Infrastructure::Header {
-        .name = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), ByteBuffer::copy(name)),
+        .name = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), ByteBuffer::copy(name)),
         .value = move(normalized_value),
     };
 
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> Headers::set(String const& name_string, String const&
         return {};
 
     // 7. Set (name, value) in this’s header list.
-    TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), m_header_list->set(move(header)));
+    TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), m_header_list->set(move(header)));
 
     // 8. If this’s guard is "request-no-cors", then remove privileged no-CORS request headers from this.
     if (m_guard == Guard::RequestNoCORS)
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> Headers::append(Infrastructure::Header header)
     auto& [name, value] = header;
 
     // 1. Normalize value.
-    value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), Infrastructure::normalize_header_value(value));
+    value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), Infrastructure::normalize_header_value(value));
 
     // 2. If name is not a header name or value is not a header value, then throw a TypeError.
     if (!Infrastructure::is_header_name(name))
@@ -227,21 +227,21 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> Headers::append(Infrastructure::Header header)
     // 5. Otherwise, if headers’s guard is "request-no-cors":
     if (m_guard == Guard::RequestNoCORS) {
         // 1. Let temporaryValue be the result of getting name from headers’s header list.
-        auto temporary_value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), m_header_list->get(name));
+        auto temporary_value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), m_header_list->get(name));
 
         // 2. If temporaryValue is null, then set temporaryValue to value.
         if (!temporary_value.has_value()) {
-            temporary_value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), ByteBuffer::copy(value));
+            temporary_value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), ByteBuffer::copy(value));
         }
         // 3. Otherwise, set temporaryValue to temporaryValue, followed by 0x2C 0x20, followed by value.
         else {
-            TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), temporary_value->try_append(0x2c));
-            TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), temporary_value->try_append(0x20));
-            TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), temporary_value->try_append(value));
+            TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), temporary_value->try_append(0x2c));
+            TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), temporary_value->try_append(0x20));
+            TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), temporary_value->try_append(value));
         }
 
         auto temporary_header = Infrastructure::Header {
-            .name = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), ByteBuffer::copy(name)),
+            .name = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), ByteBuffer::copy(name)),
             .value = temporary_value.release_value(),
         };
 
@@ -254,8 +254,8 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> Headers::append(Infrastructure::Header header)
     if (m_guard == Guard::Response && Infrastructure::is_forbidden_response_header_name(name))
         return {};
 
-    // 7. Append (name, value) to headers’s header list
-    TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), m_header_list->append(move(header)));
+    // 7. Append (name, value) to headers’s header list.
+    TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), m_header_list->append(move(header)));
 
     // 8. If headers’s guard is "request-no-cors", then remove privileged no-CORS request headers from headers.
     if (m_guard == Guard::RequestNoCORS)
@@ -278,8 +278,8 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> Headers::fill(HeadersInit const& object)
 
                 // 2. Append (header’s first item, header’s second item) to headers.
                 auto header = Fetch::Infrastructure::Header {
-                    .name = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), ByteBuffer::copy(entry[0].bytes())),
-                    .value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), ByteBuffer::copy(entry[1].bytes())),
+                    .name = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), ByteBuffer::copy(entry[0].bytes())),
+                    .value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), ByteBuffer::copy(entry[1].bytes())),
                 };
                 TRY(append(move(header)));
             }
@@ -289,8 +289,8 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> Headers::fill(HeadersInit const& object)
         [this](OrderedHashMap<String, String> const& object) -> WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> {
             for (auto const& entry : object) {
                 auto header = Fetch::Infrastructure::Header {
-                    .name = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), ByteBuffer::copy(entry.key.bytes())),
-                    .value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), ByteBuffer::copy(entry.value.bytes())),
+                    .name = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), ByteBuffer::copy(entry.key.bytes())),
+                    .value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), ByteBuffer::copy(entry.value.bytes())),
                 };
                 TRY(append(move(header)));
             }
diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Headers.h b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Headers.h
index 339a4ac2ee..654b1a1f55 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Headers.h
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Headers.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ public:
         None,
     };
 
-    static WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Headers>> create_with_global_object(HTML::Window& window, Optional<HeadersInit> const& init);
+    static WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Headers>> construct_impl(JS::Realm& realm, Optional<HeadersInit> const& init);
 
     virtual ~Headers() override;
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ public:
 private:
     friend class HeadersIterator;
 
-    explicit Headers(HTML::Window&);
+    explicit Headers(JS::Realm&);
 
     void remove_privileged_no_cors_headers();
 
diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/HeadersIterator.cpp b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/HeadersIterator.cpp
index 6f118d6369..9410eae43e 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/HeadersIterator.cpp
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/HeadersIterator.cpp
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@
 #include <LibJS/Runtime/Array.h>
 #include <LibJS/Runtime/IteratorOperations.h>
 #include <LibWeb/Bindings/HeadersIteratorPrototype.h>
+#include <LibWeb/Bindings/Intrinsics.h>
 #include <LibWeb/Fetch/HeadersIterator.h>
-#include <LibWeb/HTML/Window.h>
 
 namespace Web::Fetch {
 
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ HeadersIterator::HeadersIterator(Headers const& headers, JS::Object::PropertyKin
     , m_headers(headers)
     , m_iteration_kind(iteration_kind)
 {
-    set_prototype(&headers.global_object().ensure_web_prototype<Bindings::HeadersIteratorPrototype>("HeadersIterator"));
+    set_prototype(&Bindings::ensure_web_prototype<Bindings::HeadersIteratorPrototype>(headers.realm(), "HeadersIterator"));
 }
 
 HeadersIterator::~HeadersIterator() = default;
diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Request.cpp b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Request.cpp
index dd6c52d4a1..8b13e0ef1c 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Request.cpp
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Request.cpp
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 #include <AK/ScopeGuard.h>
 #include <AK/URLParser.h>
+#include <LibWeb/Bindings/Intrinsics.h>
 #include <LibWeb/DOM/AbortSignal.h>
 #include <LibWeb/Fetch/Enums.h>
 #include <LibWeb/Fetch/Headers.h>
@@ -15,7 +16,6 @@
 #include <LibWeb/Fetch/Infrastructure/HTTP/Requests.h>
 #include <LibWeb/Fetch/Request.h>
 #include <LibWeb/HTML/Scripting/Environments.h>
-#include <LibWeb/HTML/Window.h>
 #include <LibWeb/ReferrerPolicy/ReferrerPolicy.h>
 
 namespace Web::Fetch {
@@ -24,8 +24,7 @@ Request::Request(JS::Realm& realm, NonnullOwnPtr<Infrastructure::Request> reques
     : PlatformObject(realm)
     , m_request(move(request))
 {
-    auto& window = verify_cast<HTML::Window>(realm.global_object());
-    set_prototype(&window.cached_web_prototype("Request"));
+    set_prototype(&Bindings::cached_web_prototype(realm, "Request"));
 }
 
 Request::~Request() = default;
@@ -75,8 +74,6 @@ Optional<Infrastructure::Body&> Request::body_impl()
 // https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#request-create
 JS::NonnullGCPtr<Request> Request::create(NonnullOwnPtr<Infrastructure::Request> request, Headers::Guard guard, JS::Realm& realm)
 {
-    auto& window = verify_cast<HTML::Window>(realm.global_object());
-
     // Copy a NonnullRefPtr to the request's header list before request is being move()'d.
     auto request_reader_list = request->header_list();
 
@@ -85,27 +82,22 @@ JS::NonnullGCPtr<Request> Request::create(NonnullOwnPtr<Infrastructure::Request>
     auto* request_object = realm.heap().allocate<Request>(realm, realm, move(request));
 
     // 3. Set requestObject’s headers to a new Headers object with realm, whose headers list is request’s headers list and guard is guard.
-    request_object->m_headers = realm.heap().allocate<Headers>(realm, window);
+    request_object->m_headers = realm.heap().allocate<Headers>(realm, realm);
     request_object->m_headers->set_header_list(move(request_reader_list));
     request_object->m_headers->set_guard(guard);
 
     // 4. Set requestObject’s signal to a new AbortSignal object with realm.
-    request_object->m_signal = realm.heap().allocate<DOM::AbortSignal>(realm, window);
+    request_object->m_signal = realm.heap().allocate<DOM::AbortSignal>(realm, realm);
 
     // 5. Return requestObject.
     return JS::NonnullGCPtr { *request_object };
 }
 
 // https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-request
-WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Request>> Request::create_with_global_object(HTML::Window& html_window, RequestInfo const& input, RequestInit const& init)
+WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Request>> Request::construct_impl(JS::Realm& realm, RequestInfo const& input, RequestInit const& init)
 {
-    auto& realm = html_window.realm();
-
     // Referred to as 'this' in the spec.
-    auto request_object = [&] {
-        auto request = adopt_own(*new Infrastructure::Request());
-        return JS::NonnullGCPtr { *realm.heap().allocate<Request>(realm, realm, move(request)) };
-    }();
+    auto request_object = JS::NonnullGCPtr { *realm.heap().allocate<Request>(realm, realm, make<Infrastructure::Request>()) };
 
     // 1. Let request be null.
     Infrastructure::Request const* input_request = nullptr;
@@ -191,13 +183,13 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Request>> Request::create_with_global_objec
 
     // method
     //     request’s method.
-    request.set_method(TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(html_window, ByteBuffer::copy(request.method())));
+    request.set_method(TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm, ByteBuffer::copy(request.method())));
 
     // header list
     //     A copy of request’s header list.
     auto header_list_copy = make_ref_counted<Infrastructure::HeaderList>();
     for (auto& header : *request.header_list())
-        TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(html_window, header_list_copy->append(header));
+        TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm, header_list_copy->append(header));
     request.set_header_list(move(header_list_copy));
 
     // unsafe-request flag
@@ -382,7 +374,7 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Request>> Request::create_with_global_objec
             return WebIDL::SimpleException { WebIDL::SimpleExceptionType::TypeError, "Method must not be one of CONNECT, TRACE, or TRACK"sv };
 
         // 3. Normalize method.
-        method = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(html_window, Infrastructure::normalize_method(method.bytes()));
+        method = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm, Infrastructure::normalize_method(method.bytes()));
 
         // 4. Set request’s method to method.
         request.set_method(MUST(ByteBuffer::copy(method.bytes())));
@@ -397,7 +389,8 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Request>> Request::create_with_global_objec
     //       cannot exist with a null Infrastructure::Request.
 
     // 28. Set this’s signal to a new AbortSignal object with this’s relevant Realm.
-    request_object->m_signal = realm.heap().allocate<DOM::AbortSignal>(HTML::relevant_realm(*request_object), html_window);
+    auto& this_relevant_realm = HTML::relevant_realm(*request_object);
+    request_object->m_signal = realm.heap().allocate<DOM::AbortSignal>(this_relevant_realm, this_relevant_realm);
 
     // 29. If signal is not null, then make this’s signal follow signal.
     if (input_signal != nullptr) {
@@ -405,7 +398,7 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Request>> Request::create_with_global_objec
     }
 
     // 30. Set this’s headers to a new Headers object with this’s relevant Realm, whose header list is request’s header list and guard is "request".
-    request_object->m_headers = realm.heap().allocate<Headers>(realm, html_window);
+    request_object->m_headers = realm.heap().allocate<Headers>(realm, realm);
     request_object->m_headers->set_header_list(request.header_list());
     request_object->m_headers->set_guard(Headers::Guard::Request);
 
diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Request.h b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Request.h
index a1236c57ed..1fac052e33 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Request.h
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Request.h
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class Request final
 
 public:
     static JS::NonnullGCPtr<Request> create(NonnullOwnPtr<Infrastructure::Request>, Headers::Guard, JS::Realm&);
-    static WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Request>> create_with_global_object(HTML::Window&, RequestInfo const& input, RequestInit const& init = {});
+    static WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Request>> construct_impl(JS::Realm&, RequestInfo const& input, RequestInit const& init = {});
 
     virtual ~Request() override;
 
diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Response.cpp b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Response.cpp
index 8e355f1708..0969891c76 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Response.cpp
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Response.cpp
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <AK/URLParser.h>
+#include <LibWeb/Bindings/Intrinsics.h>
 #include <LibWeb/Bindings/MainThreadVM.h>
 #include <LibWeb/Fetch/Enums.h>
 #include <LibWeb/Fetch/Infrastructure/HTTP/Bodies.h>
@@ -12,7 +13,6 @@
 #include <LibWeb/Fetch/Infrastructure/HTTP/Statuses.h>
 #include <LibWeb/Fetch/Response.h>
 #include <LibWeb/HTML/Scripting/Environments.h>
-#include <LibWeb/HTML/Window.h>
 #include <LibWeb/Infra/JSON.h>
 
 namespace Web::Fetch {
@@ -21,8 +21,7 @@ Response::Response(JS::Realm& realm, NonnullOwnPtr<Infrastructure::Response> res
     : PlatformObject(realm)
     , m_response(move(response))
 {
-    auto& window = verify_cast<HTML::Window>(realm.global_object());
-    set_prototype(&window.cached_web_prototype("Response"));
+    set_prototype(&Bindings::cached_web_prototype(realm, "Response"));
 }
 
 Response::~Response() = default;
@@ -67,8 +66,6 @@ Optional<Infrastructure::Body&> Response::body_impl()
 // https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#response-create
 JS::NonnullGCPtr<Response> Response::create(NonnullOwnPtr<Infrastructure::Response> response, Headers::Guard guard, JS::Realm& realm)
 {
-    auto& window = verify_cast<HTML::Window>(realm.global_object());
-
     // Copy a NonnullRefPtr to the response's header list before response is being move()'d.
     auto response_reader_list = response->header_list();
 
@@ -77,7 +74,7 @@ JS::NonnullGCPtr<Response> Response::create(NonnullOwnPtr<Infrastructure::Respon
     auto* response_object = realm.heap().allocate<Response>(realm, realm, move(response));
 
     // 3. Set responseObject’s headers to a new Headers object with realm, whose headers list is response’s headers list and guard is guard.
-    response_object->m_headers = realm.heap().allocate<Headers>(realm, window);
+    response_object->m_headers = realm.heap().allocate<Headers>(realm, realm);
     response_object->m_headers->set_header_list(move(response_reader_list));
     response_object->m_headers->set_guard(guard);
 
@@ -88,10 +85,6 @@ JS::NonnullGCPtr<Response> Response::create(NonnullOwnPtr<Infrastructure::Respon
 // https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#initialize-a-response
 WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> Response::initialize_response(ResponseInit const& init, Optional<Infrastructure::BodyWithType> const& body)
 {
-    auto& vm = Bindings::main_thread_vm();
-    auto& realm = *vm.current_realm();
-    auto& window = verify_cast<HTML::Window>(realm.global_object());
-
     // 1. If init["status"] is not in the range 200 to 599, inclusive, then throw a RangeError.
     if (init.status < 200 || init.status > 599)
         return WebIDL::SimpleException { WebIDL::SimpleExceptionType::RangeError, "Status must be in range 200-599"sv };
@@ -102,7 +95,7 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> Response::initialize_response(ResponseInit const& init
     m_response->set_status(init.status);
 
     // 4. Set response’s response’s status message to init["statusText"].
-    m_response->set_status_message(TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(window, ByteBuffer::copy(init.status_text.bytes())));
+    m_response->set_status_message(TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), ByteBuffer::copy(init.status_text.bytes())));
 
     // 5. If init["headers"] exists, then fill response’s headers with init["headers"].
     if (init.headers.has_value())
@@ -120,10 +113,10 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> Response::initialize_response(ResponseInit const& init
         // 3. If body’s type is non-null and response’s header list does not contain `Content-Type`, then append (`Content-Type`, body’s type) to response’s header list.
         if (body->type.has_value() && m_response->header_list()->contains("Content-Type"sv.bytes())) {
             auto header = Infrastructure::Header {
-                .name = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), ByteBuffer::copy("Content-Type"sv.bytes())),
-                .value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), ByteBuffer::copy(body->type->span())),
+                .name = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), ByteBuffer::copy("Content-Type"sv.bytes())),
+                .value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), ByteBuffer::copy(body->type->span())),
             };
-            TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), m_response->header_list()->append(move(header)));
+            TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), m_response->header_list()->append(move(header)));
         }
     }
 
@@ -131,22 +124,17 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> Response::initialize_response(ResponseInit const& init
 }
 
 // https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-response
-WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Response>> Response::create_with_global_object(HTML::Window& window, Optional<BodyInit> const& body, ResponseInit const& init)
+WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Response>> Response::construct_impl(JS::Realm& realm, Optional<BodyInit> const& body, ResponseInit const& init)
 {
-    auto& realm = window.realm();
-
     // Referred to as 'this' in the spec.
-    auto response_object = [&] {
-        auto response = adopt_own(*new Infrastructure::Response());
-        return JS::NonnullGCPtr { *realm.heap().allocate<Response>(realm, realm, move(response)) };
-    }();
+    auto response_object = JS::NonnullGCPtr { *realm.heap().allocate<Response>(realm, realm, make<Infrastructure::Response>()) };
 
     // 1. Set this’s response to a new response.
     // NOTE: This is done at the beginning as the 'this' value Response object
     //       cannot exist with a null Infrastructure::Response.
 
     // 2. Set this’s headers to a new Headers object with this’s relevant Realm, whose header list is this’s response’s header list and guard is "response".
-    response_object->m_headers = realm.heap().allocate<Headers>(realm, window);
+    response_object->m_headers = realm.heap().allocate<Headers>(realm, realm);
     response_object->m_headers->set_header_list(response_object->response().header_list());
     response_object->m_headers->set_guard(Headers::Guard::Response);
 
@@ -176,9 +164,7 @@ JS::NonnullGCPtr<Response> Response::error()
 // https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-response-redirect
 WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Response>> Response::redirect(String const& url, u16 status)
 {
-    auto& vm = Bindings::main_thread_vm();
-    auto& realm = *vm.current_realm();
-    auto& window = verify_cast<HTML::Window>(realm.global_object());
+    auto& realm = HTML::current_settings_object().realm();
 
     // 1. Let parsedURL be the result of parsing url with current settings object’s API base URL.
     auto api_base_url = HTML::current_settings_object().api_base_url();
@@ -194,7 +180,7 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Response>> Response::redirect(String const&
 
     // 4. Let responseObject be the result of creating a Response object, given a new response, "immutable", and this’s relevant Realm.
     // FIXME: How can we reliably get 'this', i.e. the object the function was called on, in IDL-defined functions?
-    auto response_object = Response::create(make<Infrastructure::Response>(), Headers::Guard::Immutable, *vm.current_realm());
+    auto response_object = Response::create(make<Infrastructure::Response>(), Headers::Guard::Immutable, realm);
 
     // 5. Set responseObject’s response’s status to status.
     response_object->response().set_status(status);
@@ -204,10 +190,10 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Response>> Response::redirect(String const&
 
     // 7. Append (`Location`, value) to responseObject’s response’s header list.
     auto header = Infrastructure::Header {
-        .name = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(window, ByteBuffer::copy("Location"sv.bytes())),
-        .value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(window, ByteBuffer::copy(value.bytes())),
+        .name = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm, ByteBuffer::copy("Location"sv.bytes())),
+        .value = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm, ByteBuffer::copy(value.bytes())),
     };
-    TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(window, response_object->response().header_list()->append(move(header)));
+    TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm, response_object->response().header_list()->append(move(header)));
 
     // 8. Return responseObject.
     return response_object;
@@ -218,7 +204,6 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Response>> Response::json(JS::Value data, R
 {
     auto& vm = Bindings::main_thread_vm();
     auto& realm = *vm.current_realm();
-    auto& window = verify_cast<HTML::Window>(realm.global_object());
 
     // 1. Let bytes the result of running serialize a JavaScript value to JSON bytes on data.
     auto bytes = TRY(Infra::serialize_javascript_value_to_json_bytes(vm, data));
@@ -228,12 +213,12 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Response>> Response::json(JS::Value data, R
 
     // 3. Let responseObject be the result of creating a Response object, given a new response, "response", and this’s relevant Realm.
     // FIXME: How can we reliably get 'this', i.e. the object the function was called on, in IDL-defined functions?
-    auto response_object = Response::create(make<Infrastructure::Response>(), Headers::Guard::Response, *vm.current_realm());
+    auto response_object = Response::create(make<Infrastructure::Response>(), Headers::Guard::Response, realm);
 
     // 4. Perform initialize a response given responseObject, init, and (body, "application/json").
     auto body_with_type = Infrastructure::BodyWithType {
         .body = move(body),
-        .type = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(window, ByteBuffer::copy("application/json"sv.bytes()))
+        .type = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm, ByteBuffer::copy("application/json"sv.bytes()))
     };
     TRY(response_object->initialize_response(init, move(body_with_type)));
 
diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Response.h b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Response.h
index e460e87e16..357e660578 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Response.h
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Response.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class Response final
 
 public:
     static JS::NonnullGCPtr<Response> create(NonnullOwnPtr<Infrastructure::Response>, Headers::Guard, JS::Realm&);
-    static WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Response>> create_with_global_object(HTML::Window&, Optional<BodyInit> const& body = {}, ResponseInit const& init = {});
+    static WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Response>> construct_impl(JS::Realm&, Optional<BodyInit> const& body = {}, ResponseInit const& init = {});
 
     virtual ~Response() override;
 
diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/FileAPI/Blob.cpp b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/FileAPI/Blob.cpp
index a1d721f7fc..27bbbd5500 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/FileAPI/Blob.cpp
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/FileAPI/Blob.cpp
@@ -8,15 +8,15 @@
 #include <AK/StdLibExtras.h>
 #include <LibJS/Runtime/ArrayBuffer.h>
 #include <LibWeb/Bindings/BlobPrototype.h>
+#include <LibWeb/Bindings/Intrinsics.h>
 #include <LibWeb/FileAPI/Blob.h>
-#include <LibWeb/HTML/Window.h>
 #include <LibWeb/WebIDL/AbstractOperations.h>
 
 namespace Web::FileAPI {
 
-JS::NonnullGCPtr<Blob> Blob::create(HTML::Window& window, ByteBuffer byte_buffer, String type)
+JS::NonnullGCPtr<Blob> Blob::create(JS::Realm& realm, ByteBuffer byte_buffer, String type)
 {
-    return JS::NonnullGCPtr(*window.heap().allocate<Blob>(window.realm(), window, move(byte_buffer), move(type)));
+    return JS::NonnullGCPtr(*realm.heap().allocate<Blob>(realm, realm, move(byte_buffer), move(type)));
 }
 
 // https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#convert-line-endings-to-native
@@ -111,40 +111,40 @@ bool is_basic_latin(StringView view)
     return true;
 }
 
-Blob::Blob(HTML::Window& window)
-    : PlatformObject(window.realm())
+Blob::Blob(JS::Realm& realm)
+    : PlatformObject(realm)
 {
-    set_prototype(&window.cached_web_prototype("Blob"));
+    set_prototype(&Bindings::cached_web_prototype(realm, "Blob"));
 }
 
-Blob::Blob(HTML::Window& window, ByteBuffer byte_buffer, String type)
-    : PlatformObject(window.realm())
+Blob::Blob(JS::Realm& realm, ByteBuffer byte_buffer, String type)
+    : PlatformObject(realm)
     , m_byte_buffer(move(byte_buffer))
     , m_type(move(type))
 {
-    set_prototype(&window.cached_web_prototype("Blob"));
+    set_prototype(&Bindings::cached_web_prototype(realm, "Blob"));
 }
 
-Blob::Blob(HTML::Window& window, ByteBuffer byte_buffer)
-    : PlatformObject(window.realm())
+Blob::Blob(JS::Realm& realm, ByteBuffer byte_buffer)
+    : PlatformObject(realm)
     , m_byte_buffer(move(byte_buffer))
 {
-    set_prototype(&window.cached_web_prototype("Blob"));
+    set_prototype(&Bindings::cached_web_prototype(realm, "Blob"));
 }
 
 Blob::~Blob() = default;
 
 // https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#ref-for-dom-blob-blob
-WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Blob>> Blob::create(HTML::Window& window, Optional<Vector<BlobPart>> const& blob_parts, Optional<BlobPropertyBag> const& options)
+WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Blob>> Blob::create(JS::Realm& realm, Optional<Vector<BlobPart>> const& blob_parts, Optional<BlobPropertyBag> const& options)
 {
     // 1. If invoked with zero parameters, return a new Blob object consisting of 0 bytes, with size set to 0, and with type set to the empty string.
     if (!blob_parts.has_value() && !options.has_value())
-        return JS::NonnullGCPtr(*window.heap().allocate<Blob>(window.realm(), window));
+        return JS::NonnullGCPtr(*realm.heap().allocate<Blob>(realm, realm));
 
     ByteBuffer byte_buffer {};
     // 2. Let bytes be the result of processing blob parts given blobParts and options.
     if (blob_parts.has_value()) {
-        byte_buffer = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(window, process_blob_parts(blob_parts.value(), options));
+        byte_buffer = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm, process_blob_parts(blob_parts.value(), options));
     }
 
     auto type = String::empty();
@@ -164,12 +164,12 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Blob>> Blob::create(HTML::Window& window, O
     }
 
     // 4. Return a Blob object referring to bytes as its associated byte sequence, with its size set to the length of bytes, and its type set to the value of t from the substeps above.
-    return JS::NonnullGCPtr(*window.heap().allocate<Blob>(window.realm(), window, move(byte_buffer), move(type)));
+    return JS::NonnullGCPtr(*realm.heap().allocate<Blob>(realm, realm, move(byte_buffer), move(type)));
 }
 
-WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Blob>> Blob::create_with_global_object(HTML::Window& window, Optional<Vector<BlobPart>> const& blob_parts, Optional<BlobPropertyBag> const& options)
+WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Blob>> Blob::construct_impl(JS::Realm& realm, Optional<Vector<BlobPart>> const& blob_parts, Optional<BlobPropertyBag> const& options)
 {
-    return Blob::create(window, blob_parts, options);
+    return Blob::create(realm, blob_parts, options);
 }
 
 // https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-slice
@@ -232,8 +232,8 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Blob>> Blob::slice(Optional<i64> start, Opt
     // a. S refers to span consecutive bytes from this, beginning with the byte at byte-order position relativeStart.
     // b. S.size = span.
     // c. S.type = relativeContentType.
-    auto byte_buffer = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), m_byte_buffer.slice(relative_start, span));
-    return JS::NonnullGCPtr(*heap().allocate<Blob>(realm(), global_object(), move(byte_buffer), move(relative_content_type)));
+    auto byte_buffer = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm(), m_byte_buffer.slice(relative_start, span));
+    return JS::NonnullGCPtr(*heap().allocate<Blob>(realm(), realm(), move(byte_buffer), move(relative_content_type)));
 }
 
 // https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dom-blob-text
diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/FileAPI/Blob.h b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/FileAPI/Blob.h
index 26babfbd40..b0ec0d843c 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/FileAPI/Blob.h
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/FileAPI/Blob.h
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ class Blob : public Bindings::PlatformObject {
 public:
     virtual ~Blob() override;
 
-    static JS::NonnullGCPtr<Blob> create(HTML::Window&, ByteBuffer, String type);
-    static WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Blob>> create(HTML::Window&, Optional<Vector<BlobPart>> const& blob_parts = {}, Optional<BlobPropertyBag> const& options = {});
-    static WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Blob>> create_with_global_object(HTML::Window&, Optional<Vector<BlobPart>> const& blob_parts = {}, Optional<BlobPropertyBag> const& options = {});
+    static JS::NonnullGCPtr<Blob> create(JS::Realm&, ByteBuffer, String type);
+    static WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Blob>> create(JS::Realm&, Optional<Vector<BlobPart>> const& blob_parts = {}, Optional<BlobPropertyBag> const& options = {});
+    static WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<Blob>> construct_impl(JS::Realm&, Optional<Vector<BlobPart>> const& blob_parts = {}, Optional<BlobPropertyBag> const& options = {});
 
     // https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-size
     u64 size() const { return m_byte_buffer.size(); }
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ public:
     ReadonlyBytes bytes() const { return m_byte_buffer.bytes(); }
 
 protected:
-    Blob(HTML::Window&, ByteBuffer, String type);
-    Blob(HTML::Window&, ByteBuffer);
+    Blob(JS::Realm&, ByteBuffer, String type);
+    Blob(JS::Realm&, ByteBuffer);
 
 private:
-    explicit Blob(HTML::Window&);
+    explicit Blob(JS::Realm&);
 
     ByteBuffer m_byte_buffer {};
     String m_type {};
diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/FileAPI/File.cpp b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/FileAPI/File.cpp
index 7f8e0f4e45..a162caa4fa 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/FileAPI/File.cpp
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/FileAPI/File.cpp
@@ -4,26 +4,27 @@
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
  */
 
+#include <AK/Time.h>
+#include <LibWeb/Bindings/Intrinsics.h>
 #include <LibWeb/FileAPI/File.h>
-#include <LibWeb/HTML/Window.h>
 
 namespace Web::FileAPI {
 
-File::File(HTML::Window& window, ByteBuffer byte_buffer, String file_name, String type, i64 last_modified)
-    : Blob(window, move(byte_buffer), move(type))
+File::File(JS::Realm& realm, ByteBuffer byte_buffer, String file_name, String type, i64 last_modified)
+    : Blob(realm, move(byte_buffer), move(type))
     , m_name(move(file_name))
     , m_last_modified(last_modified)
 {
-    set_prototype(&window.cached_web_prototype("File"));
+    set_prototype(&Bindings::cached_web_prototype(realm, "File"));
 }
 
 File::~File() = default;
 
 // https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#ref-for-dom-file-file
-WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<File>> File::create(HTML::Window& window, Vector<BlobPart> const& file_bits, String const& file_name, Optional<FilePropertyBag> const& options)
+WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<File>> File::create(JS::Realm& realm, Vector<BlobPart> const& file_bits, String const& file_name, Optional<FilePropertyBag> const& options)
 {
     // 1. Let bytes be the result of processing blob parts given fileBits and options.
-    auto bytes = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(window, process_blob_parts(file_bits, static_cast<Optional<BlobPropertyBag> const&>(*options)));
+    auto bytes = TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm, process_blob_parts(file_bits, static_cast<Optional<BlobPropertyBag> const&>(*options)));
 
     // 2. Let n be the fileName argument to the constructor.
     //    NOTE: Underlying OS filesystems use differing conventions for file name; with constructed files, mandating UTF-16 lessens ambiquity when file names are converted to byte sequences.
@@ -57,12 +58,12 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<File>> File::create(HTML::Window& window, V
     //    4. F.name is set to n.
     //    5. F.type is set to t.
     //    6. F.lastModified is set to d.
-    return JS::NonnullGCPtr(*window.heap().allocate<File>(window.realm(), window, move(bytes), move(name), move(type), last_modified));
+    return JS::NonnullGCPtr(*realm.heap().allocate<File>(realm, realm, move(bytes), move(name), move(type), last_modified));
 }
 
-WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<File>> File::create_with_global_object(HTML::Window& window, Vector<BlobPart> const& file_bits, String const& file_name, Optional<FilePropertyBag> const& options)
+WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<File>> File::construct_impl(JS::Realm& realm, Vector<BlobPart> const& file_bits, String const& file_name, Optional<FilePropertyBag> const& options)
 {
-    return create(window, file_bits, file_name, options);
+    return create(realm, file_bits, file_name, options);
 }
 
 }
diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/FileAPI/File.h b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/FileAPI/File.h
index 0ad1238d1c..dbe6011fb6 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/FileAPI/File.h
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/FileAPI/File.h
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <AK/Time.h>
 #include <LibWeb/FileAPI/Blob.h>
 
 namespace Web::FileAPI {
@@ -19,8 +18,8 @@ class File : public Blob {
     WEB_PLATFORM_OBJECT(File, Blob);
 
 public:
-    static WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<File>> create(HTML::Window&, Vector<BlobPart> const& file_bits, String const& file_name, Optional<FilePropertyBag> const& options = {});
-    static WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<File>> create_with_global_object(HTML::Window&, Vector<BlobPart> const& file_bits, String const& file_name, Optional<FilePropertyBag> const& options = {});
+    static WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<File>> create(JS::Realm&, Vector<BlobPart> const& file_bits, String const& file_name, Optional<FilePropertyBag> const& options = {});
+    static WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::NonnullGCPtr<File>> construct_impl(JS::Realm&, Vector<BlobPart> const& file_bits, String const& file_name, Optional<FilePropertyBag> const& options = {});
 
     virtual ~File() override;
 
@@ -30,7 +29,7 @@ public:
     i64 last_modified() const { return m_last_modified; }
 
 private:
-    File(HTML::Window&, ByteBuffer, String file_name, String type, i64 last_modified);
+    File(JS::Realm&, ByteBuffer, String file_name, String type, i64 last_modified);
 
     String m_name;
     i64 m_last_modified { 0 };
diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/XHR/ProgressEvent.cpp b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/XHR/ProgressEvent.cpp
index 0fc456c430..10bba97a87 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/XHR/ProgressEvent.cpp
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/XHR/ProgressEvent.cpp
@@ -4,28 +4,28 @@
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
  */
 
-#include <LibWeb/HTML/Window.h>
+#include <LibWeb/Bindings/Intrinsics.h>
 #include <LibWeb/XHR/ProgressEvent.h>
 
 namespace Web::XHR {
 
-ProgressEvent* ProgressEvent::create(HTML::Window& window_object, FlyString const& event_name, ProgressEventInit const& event_init)
+ProgressEvent* ProgressEvent::create(JS::Realm& realm, FlyString const& event_name, ProgressEventInit const& event_init)
 {
-    return window_object.heap().allocate<ProgressEvent>(window_object.realm(), window_object, event_name, event_init);
+    return realm.heap().allocate<ProgressEvent>(realm, realm, event_name, event_init);
 }
 
-ProgressEvent* ProgressEvent::create_with_global_object(HTML::Window& window_object, FlyString const& event_name, ProgressEventInit const& event_init)
+ProgressEvent* ProgressEvent::construct_impl(JS::Realm& realm, FlyString const& event_name, ProgressEventInit const& event_init)
 {
-    return create(window_object, event_name, event_init);
+    return create(realm, event_name, event_init);
 }
 
-ProgressEvent::ProgressEvent(HTML::Window& window_object, FlyString const& event_name, ProgressEventInit const& event_init)
-    : Event(window_object, event_name, event_init)
+ProgressEvent::ProgressEvent(JS::Realm& realm, FlyString const& event_name, ProgressEventInit const& event_init)
+    : Event(realm, event_name, event_init)
     , m_length_computable(event_init.length_computable)
     , m_loaded(event_init.loaded)
     , m_total(event_init.total)
 {
-    set_prototype(&window_object.cached_web_prototype("ProgressEvent"));
+    set_prototype(&Bindings::cached_web_prototype(realm, "ProgressEvent"));
 }
 
 ProgressEvent::~ProgressEvent() = default;
diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/XHR/ProgressEvent.h b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/XHR/ProgressEvent.h
index 1289c23621..e5d633920e 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/XHR/ProgressEvent.h
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/XHR/ProgressEvent.h
@@ -23,10 +23,8 @@ class ProgressEvent final : public DOM::Event {
     WEB_PLATFORM_OBJECT(ProgressEvent, DOM::Event);
 
 public:
-    static ProgressEvent* create(HTML::Window&, FlyString const& event_name, ProgressEventInit const& event_init);
-    static ProgressEvent* create_with_global_object(HTML::Window&, FlyString const& event_name, ProgressEventInit const& event_init);
-
-    ProgressEvent(HTML::Window&, FlyString const& event_name, ProgressEventInit const& event_init);
+    static ProgressEvent* create(JS::Realm&, FlyString const& event_name, ProgressEventInit const& event_init);
+    static ProgressEvent* construct_impl(JS::Realm&, FlyString const& event_name, ProgressEventInit const& event_init);
 
     virtual ~ProgressEvent() override;
 
@@ -35,6 +33,8 @@ public:
     u64 total() const { return m_total; }
 
 private:
+    ProgressEvent(JS::Realm&, FlyString const& event_name, ProgressEventInit const& event_init);
+
     bool m_length_computable { false };
     u64 m_loaded { 0 };
     u64 m_total { 0 };
diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/XHR/XMLHttpRequest.cpp b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/XHR/XMLHttpRequest.cpp
index f9b292638f..48469753ec 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/XHR/XMLHttpRequest.cpp
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/XHR/XMLHttpRequest.cpp
@@ -40,9 +40,10 @@
 
 namespace Web::XHR {
 
-JS::NonnullGCPtr<XMLHttpRequest> XMLHttpRequest::create_with_global_object(HTML::Window& window)
+JS::NonnullGCPtr<XMLHttpRequest> XMLHttpRequest::construct_impl(JS::Realm& realm)
 {
-    return *window.heap().allocate<XMLHttpRequest>(window.realm(), window);
+    auto& window = verify_cast<HTML::Window>(realm.global_object());
+    return *realm.heap().allocate<XMLHttpRequest>(realm, window);
 }
 
 XMLHttpRequest::XMLHttpRequest(HTML::Window& window)
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ XMLHttpRequest::XMLHttpRequest(HTML::Window& window)
     , m_window(window)
     , m_response_type(Bindings::XMLHttpRequestResponseType::Empty)
 {
-    set_prototype(&window.cached_web_prototype("XMLHttpRequest"));
+    set_prototype(&Bindings::cached_web_prototype(window.realm(), "XMLHttpRequest"));
 }
 
 XMLHttpRequest::~XMLHttpRequest() = default;
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ void XMLHttpRequest::visit_edges(Cell::Visitor& visitor)
 void XMLHttpRequest::set_ready_state(ReadyState ready_state)
 {
     m_ready_state = ready_state;
-    dispatch_event(*DOM::Event::create(global_object(), EventNames::readystatechange));
+    dispatch_event(*DOM::Event::create(realm(), EventNames::readystatechange));
 }
 
 void XMLHttpRequest::fire_progress_event(String const& event_name, u64 transmitted, u64 length)
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ void XMLHttpRequest::fire_progress_event(String const& event_name, u64 transmitt
     event_init.length_computable = true;
     event_init.loaded = transmitted;
     event_init.total = length;
-    dispatch_event(*ProgressEvent::create(global_object(), event_name, event_init));
+    dispatch_event(*ProgressEvent::create(realm(), event_name, event_init));
 }
 
 // https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-xmlhttprequest-responsetext
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<String> XMLHttpRequest::response_text() const
 {
     // 1. If this’s response type is not the empty string or "text", then throw an "InvalidStateError" DOMException.
     if (m_response_type != Bindings::XMLHttpRequestResponseType::Empty && m_response_type != Bindings::XMLHttpRequestResponseType::Text)
-        return WebIDL::InvalidStateError::create(global_object(), "XHR responseText can only be used for responseType \"\" or \"text\"");
+        return WebIDL::InvalidStateError::create(realm(), "XHR responseText can only be used for responseType \"\" or \"text\"");
 
     // 2. If this’s state is not loading or done, then return the empty string.
     if (m_ready_state != ReadyState::Loading && m_ready_state != ReadyState::Done)
@@ -132,8 +133,8 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<JS::Value> XMLHttpRequest::response()
     }
     // 6. Otherwise, if this’s response type is "blob", set this’s response object to a new Blob object representing this’s received bytes with type set to the result of get a final MIME type for this.
     else if (m_response_type == Bindings::XMLHttpRequestResponseType::Blob) {
-        auto blob_part = FileAPI::Blob::create(global_object(), m_received_bytes, get_final_mime_type().type());
-        auto blob = TRY(FileAPI::Blob::create(global_object(), Vector<FileAPI::BlobPart> { JS::make_handle(*blob_part) }));
+        auto blob_part = FileAPI::Blob::create(realm(), m_received_bytes, get_final_mime_type().type());
+        auto blob = TRY(FileAPI::Blob::create(realm(), Vector<FileAPI::BlobPart> { JS::make_handle(*blob_part) }));
         m_response_object = JS::Value(blob.ptr());
     }
     // 7. Otherwise, if this’s response type is "document", set a document response for this.
@@ -276,20 +277,20 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> XMLHttpRequest::set_request_header(String const& name_
 
     // 1. If this’s state is not opened, then throw an "InvalidStateError" DOMException.
     if (m_ready_state != ReadyState::Opened)
-        return WebIDL::InvalidStateError::create(global_object(), "XHR readyState is not OPENED");
+        return WebIDL::InvalidStateError::create(realm(), "XHR readyState is not OPENED");
 
     // 2. If this’s send() flag is set, then throw an "InvalidStateError" DOMException.
     if (m_send)
-        return WebIDL::InvalidStateError::create(global_object(), "XHR send() flag is already set");
+        return WebIDL::InvalidStateError::create(realm(), "XHR send() flag is already set");
 
     // 3. Normalize value.
     value = MUST(Fetch::Infrastructure::normalize_header_value(value));
 
     // 4. If name is not a header name or value is not a header value, then throw a "SyntaxError" DOMException.
     if (!Fetch::Infrastructure::is_header_name(name))
-        return WebIDL::SyntaxError::create(global_object(), "Header name contains invalid characters.");
+        return WebIDL::SyntaxError::create(realm(), "Header name contains invalid characters.");
     if (!Fetch::Infrastructure::is_header_value(value))
-        return WebIDL::SyntaxError::create(global_object(), "Header value contains invalid characters.");
+        return WebIDL::SyntaxError::create(realm(), "Header value contains invalid characters.");
 
     // 5. If name is a forbidden header name, then return.
     if (Fetch::Infrastructure::is_forbidden_header_name(name))
@@ -327,15 +328,15 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> XMLHttpRequest::open(String const& method_string, Stri
 
     // 2. If settingsObject has a responsible document and it is not fully active, then throw an "InvalidStateError" DOMException.
     if (settings_object.responsible_document() && !settings_object.responsible_document()->is_active())
-        return WebIDL::InvalidStateError::create(global_object(), "Invalid state: Responsible document is not fully active.");
+        return WebIDL::InvalidStateError::create(realm(), "Invalid state: Responsible document is not fully active.");
 
     // 3. If method is not a method, then throw a "SyntaxError" DOMException.
     if (!Fetch::Infrastructure::is_method(method))
-        return WebIDL::SyntaxError::create(global_object(), "An invalid or illegal string was specified.");
+        return WebIDL::SyntaxError::create(realm(), "An invalid or illegal string was specified.");
 
     // 4. If method is a forbidden method, then throw a "SecurityError" DOMException.
     if (Fetch::Infrastructure::is_forbidden_method(method))
-        return WebIDL::SecurityError::create(global_object(), "Forbidden method, must not be 'CONNECT', 'TRACE', or 'TRACK'");
+        return WebIDL::SecurityError::create(realm(), "Forbidden method, must not be 'CONNECT', 'TRACE', or 'TRACK'");
 
     // 5. Normalize method.
     method = MUST(Fetch::Infrastructure::normalize_method(method));
@@ -345,7 +346,7 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> XMLHttpRequest::open(String const& method_string, Stri
 
     // 7. If parsedURL is failure, then throw a "SyntaxError" DOMException.
     if (!parsed_url.is_valid())
-        return WebIDL::SyntaxError::create(global_object(), "Invalid URL");
+        return WebIDL::SyntaxError::create(realm(), "Invalid URL");
 
     // 8. If the async argument is omitted, set async to true, and set username and password to null.
     // NOTE: This is handled in the overload lacking the async argument.
@@ -401,10 +402,10 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> XMLHttpRequest::send(Optional<Fetch::XMLHttpRequestBod
     auto& realm = *vm.current_realm();
 
     if (m_ready_state != ReadyState::Opened)
-        return WebIDL::InvalidStateError::create(global_object(), "XHR readyState is not OPENED");
+        return WebIDL::InvalidStateError::create(realm, "XHR readyState is not OPENED");
 
     if (m_send)
-        return WebIDL::InvalidStateError::create(global_object(), "XHR send() flag is already set");
+        return WebIDL::InvalidStateError::create(realm, "XHR send() flag is already set");
 
     // If this’s request method is `GET` or `HEAD`, then set body to null.
     if (m_method.is_one_of("GET"sv, "HEAD"sv))
@@ -425,14 +426,14 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> XMLHttpRequest::send(Optional<Fetch::XMLHttpRequestBod
     if (should_enforce_same_origin_policy && !m_window->associated_document().origin().is_same_origin(request_url_origin)) {
         dbgln("XHR failed to load: Same-Origin Policy violation: {} may not load {}", m_window->associated_document().url(), request_url);
         set_ready_state(ReadyState::Done);
-        dispatch_event(*DOM::Event::create(global_object(), HTML::EventNames::error));
+        dispatch_event(*DOM::Event::create(realm, HTML::EventNames::error));
         return {};
     }
 
     auto request = LoadRequest::create_for_url_on_page(request_url, m_window->page());
     request.set_method(m_method);
     if (body_with_type.has_value()) {
-        TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(global_object(), body_with_type->body.source().visit([&](ByteBuffer const& buffer) -> ErrorOr<void> {
+        TRY_OR_RETURN_OOM(realm, body_with_type->body.source().visit([&](ByteBuffer const& buffer) -> ErrorOr<void> {
                 request.set_body(buffer);
                 return {}; }, [&](JS::Handle<FileAPI::Blob> const& blob) -> ErrorOr<void> {
                 auto byte_buffer = TRY(ByteBuffer::copy(blob->bytes()));
@@ -491,7 +492,7 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> XMLHttpRequest::send(Optional<Fetch::XMLHttpRequestBod
                 xhr.m_status = status_code.value_or(0);
                 xhr.m_response_headers = move(response_headers);
                 xhr.m_send = false;
-                xhr.dispatch_event(*DOM::Event::create(xhr.global_object(), EventNames::readystatechange));
+                xhr.dispatch_event(*DOM::Event::create(xhr.realm(), EventNames::readystatechange));
                 xhr.fire_progress_event(EventNames::load, transmitted, length);
                 xhr.fire_progress_event(EventNames::loadend, transmitted, length);
             },
@@ -503,7 +504,7 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> XMLHttpRequest::send(Optional<Fetch::XMLHttpRequestBod
                 auto& xhr = const_cast<XMLHttpRequest&>(*strong_this);
                 xhr.set_ready_state(ReadyState::Done);
                 xhr.set_status(status_code.value_or(0));
-                xhr.dispatch_event(*DOM::Event::create(xhr.global_object(), HTML::EventNames::error));
+                xhr.dispatch_event(*DOM::Event::create(xhr.realm(), HTML::EventNames::error));
             },
             m_timeout,
             [weak_this = make_weak_ptr<XMLHttpRequest>()] {
@@ -511,7 +512,7 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> XMLHttpRequest::send(Optional<Fetch::XMLHttpRequestBod
                 if (!strong_this)
                     return;
                 auto& xhr = const_cast<XMLHttpRequest&>(*strong_this);
-                xhr.dispatch_event(*DOM::Event::create(xhr.global_object(), EventNames::timeout));
+                xhr.dispatch_event(*DOM::Event::create(xhr.realm(), EventNames::timeout));
             });
     } else {
         TODO();
@@ -552,7 +553,7 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> XMLHttpRequest::override_mime_type(String const& mime)
 {
     // 1. If this’s state is loading or done, then throw an "InvalidStateError" DOMException.
     if (m_ready_state == ReadyState::Loading || m_ready_state == ReadyState::Done)
-        return WebIDL::InvalidStateError::create(global_object(), "Cannot override MIME type when state is Loading or Done.");
+        return WebIDL::InvalidStateError::create(realm(), "Cannot override MIME type when state is Loading or Done.");
 
     // 2. Set this’s override MIME type to the result of parsing mime.
     m_override_mime_type = MimeSniff::MimeType::from_string(mime);
@@ -570,7 +571,7 @@ WebIDL::ExceptionOr<void> XMLHttpRequest::set_timeout(u32 timeout)
     // 1. If the current global object is a Window object and this’s synchronous flag is set,
     //    then throw an "InvalidAccessError" DOMException.
     if (is<HTML::Window>(HTML::current_global_object()) && m_synchronous)
-        return WebIDL::InvalidAccessError::create(global_object(), "Use of XMLHttpRequest's timeout attribute is not supported in the synchronous mode in window context.");
+        return WebIDL::InvalidAccessError::create(realm(), "Use of XMLHttpRequest's timeout attribute is not supported in the synchronous mode in window context.");
 
     // 2. Set this’s timeout to the given value.
     m_timeout = timeout;
diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/XHR/XMLHttpRequest.h b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/XHR/XMLHttpRequest.h
index d4127de532..77037dc230 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/XHR/XMLHttpRequest.h
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/XHR/XMLHttpRequest.h
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ public:
         Done = 4,
     };
 
-    static JS::NonnullGCPtr<XMLHttpRequest> create_with_global_object(HTML::Window&);
+    static JS::NonnullGCPtr<XMLHttpRequest> construct_impl(JS::Realm&);
 
     virtual ~XMLHttpRequest() override;