# Debian GNU/Linux Installation Guide
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: d-i-manual\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: debian-boot@lists.debian.org\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-05-30 00:09+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-05-30 09:42+0800\n"
"Last-Translator: Ji YongGang<jungle@soforge.com>\n"
"Language-Team: debian-chinese-gb <debian-chinese-gb@lists.debian.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:5
#, no-c-format
msgid "Using the Debian Installer"
msgstr "使用 Debian 安装程序"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:7
#, no-c-format
msgid "How the Installer Works"
msgstr "安装程序如何工作"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:8
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The Debian Installer consists of a number of special-purpose components to "
"perform each installation task. Each component performs its task, asking the "
"user questions as necessary to do its job. The questions themselves are "
"given priorities, and the priority of questions to be asked is set when the "
"installer is started."
msgstr ""
"Debian 安装程序由一些特定功能的组件组成，它们完成各自的安装任务。每一组件执行"
"任务时，会询问一些任务相关的问题。每个任务又有各自的优先级，可以在安装程序开"
"始时设置优先级决定哪些问题会问到。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:16
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"When a default installation is performed, only essential (high priority) "
"questions will be asked. This results in a highly automated installation "
"process with little user interaction. Components are automatically run in "
"sequence; which components are run depends mainly on the installation method "
"you use and on your hardware. The installer will use default values for "
"questions that are not asked."
msgstr ""
"执行默认安装时，只有必要的(高优先级)的问题会被问到。使得安装过程可以高度自动"
"化，几乎不需用户干预。组件按次序执行；至于哪些组件会执行，这取决于您使用的安"
"装方法，以及您的硬件。对于没有询问的问题，安装程序将采用默认值。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:25
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If there is a problem, the user will see an error screen, and the installer "
"menu may be shown in order to select some alternative action. If there are "
"no problems, the user will never see the installer menu, but will simply "
"answer questions for each component in turn. Serious error notifications are "
"set to priority <quote>critical</quote> so the user will always be notified."
msgstr ""
"如果遇到麻烦，用户会看到错误画面，并且显示安装菜单供选择其它替代操作。如果没"
"有问题，用户将不会碰到安装菜单，只需依此回答每个组件的提问。严重错误提示的优"
"先级为<quote>critical</quote>，因此用户总会注意到。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:34
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Some of the defaults that the installer uses can be influenced by passing "
"boot arguments when &d-i; is started. If, for example, you wish to force "
"static network configuration (DHCP is used by default if available), you "
"could add the boot parameter <userinput>netcfg/disable_dhcp=true</"
"userinput>. See <xref linkend=\"installer-args\"/> for available options."
msgstr ""
"如果在 &d-i; 开始的时候，给启动加上一些参数，它将会影响安装程序使用的默认值。"
"例如，假设您希望指定静态网络连接配置(如果存在 DHCP，将会被采用)，可以为启动参"
"数加上 <userinput>netcfg/disable_dhcp=true</userinput>。参阅 <xref linkend="
"\"installer-args\"/> 了解有效的选项。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:42
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Power users may be more comfortable with a menu-driven interface, where each "
"step is controlled by the user rather than the installer performing each "
"step automatically in sequence. To use the installer in a manual, menu-"
"driven way, add the boot argument <userinput>priority=medium</userinput>."
msgstr ""
"熟练的用户也许更习惯菜单驱动的交互方式，安装中的每一步都可以被用户控制，而不"
"是让安装程序自动依次执行。要使用菜单驱动的手动安装方式，添加启动参数选项 "
"<userinput>priority=medium</userinput>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:50
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If your hardware requires you to pass options to kernel modules as they are "
"installed, you will need to start the installer in <quote>expert</quote> "
"mode. This can be done by either using the <command>expert</command> command "
"to start the installer or by adding the boot argument "
"<userinput>priority=low</userinput>. Expert mode gives you full control over "
"&d-i;."
msgstr ""
"如果您的硬件要求给出内核模块设置选项才能安装，就需要使用 <quote>expert</"
"quote> 模式启动安装程序。可以通过使用 <command>expert</command> 命令或者添加 "
"<userinput>priority=low</userinput> 启动参数。专家模式赋予您对 &d-i; 完全的控"
"制力。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:59
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The normal installer display is character-based (as opposed to the now more "
"familiar graphical interface). The mouse is not operational in this "
"environment. Here are the keys you can use to navigate within the various "
"dialogs. The <keycap>Tab</keycap> or <keycap>right</keycap> arrow keys move "
"<quote>forward</quote>, and the <keycombo> <keycap>Shift</keycap> "
"<keycap>Tab</keycap> </keycombo> or <keycap>left</keycap> arrow keys move "
"<quote>backward</quote> between displayed buttons and selections. The "
"<keycap>up</keycap> and <keycap>down</keycap> arrow select different items "
"within a scrollable list, and also scroll the list itself. In addition, in "
"long lists, you can type a letter to cause the list to scroll directly to "
"the section with items starting with the letter you typed and use <keycap>Pg-"
"Up</keycap> and <keycap>Pg-Down</keycap> to scroll the list in sections. The "
"<keycap>space bar</keycap> selects an item such as a checkbox. Use "
"&enterkey; to activate choices."
msgstr ""
"正常的安装程序是基于字符界面的(相对于常见的图形界面)。在此环境下，用户无法使"
"用鼠标。以下是操作各种对话框所需要使用的按键。<keycap>Tab</keycap> 或 "
"<keycap>右</keycap> 箭头键向<quote>前</quote>移动，<keycombo> <keycap>Shift</"
"keycap> <keycap>Tab</keycap> </keycombo> 或 <keycap>左</keycap> 箭头键向"
"<quote>后</quote>移动，它们用于按钮和选择之间。<keycap>上</keycap> 与 "
"<keycap>下</keycap> 箭头键用于选择可以滚动的列表，也能滚动列表本身。另外，对"
"于长的列表，您可以按下一个字母，让列表直接移动到该字母开头的列表项，使用 "
"<keycap>Pg-Up</keycap> 和 <keycap>Pg-Down</keycap> 滚动列表的不同段。<keycap>"
"空格键</keycap>选择复选框的选项。用 &enterkey; 激活选择。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:77
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"S/390 does not support virtual consoles. You may open a second and third ssh "
"session to view the logs described below."
msgstr ""
"S/390 不支持虚拟控制台。您可以打开第二或第三个 ssh 会话查看上述的 log。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:82
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Error messages and logs are redirected to the fourth console. You can access "
"this console by pressing <keycombo><keycap>Left Alt</keycap><keycap>F4</"
"keycap></keycombo> (hold the left <keycap>Alt</keycap> key while pressing "
"the <keycap>F4</keycap> function key); get back to the main installer "
"process with <keycombo><keycap>Left Alt</keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></"
"keycombo>."
msgstr ""
"错误信息和记录被重定向到第四个控制台。您可以通过按下 <keycombo><keycap>左 "
"Alt</keycap><keycap>F4</keycap></keycombo> (按住左 <keycap>Alt</keycap> 键同"
"时按下 <keycap>F4</keycap> 功能键)访问该控制台；返回主安装进程使用 "
"<keycombo><keycap>左 Alt</keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:92
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"These messages can also be found in <filename>/var/log/syslog</filename>. "
"After installation, this log is copied to <filename>/var/log/installer/"
"syslog</filename> on your new system. Other installation messages may be "
"found in <filename>/var/log/</filename> during the installation, and "
"<filename>/var/log/installer/</filename> after the computer has been booted "
"into the installed system."
msgstr ""
"这些信息还可以在 <filename>/var/log/syslog</filename> 里找到。完成安装之后，"
"该记录会被复制到您新系统中的 <filename>/var/log/debian-installer/syslog</"
"filename>。其它的安装信息安装时可以在 <filename>/var/log/</filename> 找到。在"
"系统重新启动后记录的地方是 <filename>/var/log/installer/</filename>。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:106
#, no-c-format
msgid "Components Introduction"
msgstr "组件介绍"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:107
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Here is a list of installer components with a brief description of each "
"component's purpose. Details you might need to know about using a particular "
"component are in <xref linkend=\"module-details\"/>."
msgstr ""
"下面列出安装程序使用的组件，和各个组件目的的简要说明。如果您需要了解各组件详"
"细的信息，见 <xref linkend=\"module-details\"/>。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:118
#, no-c-format
msgid "main-menu"
msgstr "main-menu"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:118
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Shows the list of components to the user during installer operation, and "
"starts a component when it is selected. Main-menu's questions are set to "
"priority medium, so if your priority is set to high or critical (high is the "
"default), you will not see the menu. On the other hand, if there is an error "
"which requires your intervention, the question priority may be downgraded "
"temporarily to allow you to resolve the problem, and in that case the menu "
"may appear."
msgstr ""
"在安装进行中，显示组件列表，并执行选中的组件。主菜单的优先级设为中，如果您的"
"优先级设为高或紧急(默认为高)，您不会看到菜单。另一方面，假如出现问题需要您干"
"预，询问的优先级会临时调低，而让您解决该问题，菜单可能在这种情况下出现。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:128
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"You can get to the main menu by selecting the &BTN-GOBACK; button repeatedly "
"to back all the way out of the currently running component."
msgstr "您可以通过不断地按 &BTN-GOBACK; 按钮，从当前运行的组件回到主菜单。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:137
#, no-c-format
msgid "localechooser"
msgstr "localechooser"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:137
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Allows the user to select localization options for the installation and the "
"installed system: language, country and locales. The installer will display "
"messages in the selected language, unless the translation for that language "
"is not complete in which case some messages may be shown in English."
msgstr ""
"允许用户为安装程序和安装的系统选择地区选项: 语言、国家和位置。除非选中的语言"
"没有被翻译，安装程序将以您选择的语言显示信息。对于没有翻译的语言，将显示英文"
"信息。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:149
#, no-c-format
msgid "kbd-chooser"
msgstr "kbd-chooser"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:149
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Shows a list of keyboards, from which the user chooses the model which "
"matches his own."
msgstr "显示键盘列表，用户在其中选择与自己匹配的模式。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:158
#, no-c-format
msgid "hw-detect"
msgstr "hw-detect"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:158
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Automatically detects most of the system's hardware, including network "
"cards, disk drives, and PCMCIA."
msgstr "自动识别绝大多数系统硬件，包括网卡、硬盘和 PCMCIA。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:167
#, no-c-format
msgid "cdrom-detect"
msgstr "cdrom-detect"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:167
#, no-c-format
msgid "Looks for and mounts a Debian installation CD."
msgstr "寻找并挂载 Debian 安装 CD。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:175
#, no-c-format
msgid "netcfg"
msgstr "netcfg"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:175
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Configures the computer's network connections so it can communicate over the "
"internet."
msgstr "配置计算机网络连接，使它能连上互联网。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:184
#, no-c-format
msgid "iso-scan"
msgstr "iso-scan"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:184
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Looks for ISO file systems, which may be on a CD-ROM or on the hard drive."
msgstr "寻找 ISO 文件系统，它可能存在于 CD-ROM 或者硬盘上。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:193
#, no-c-format
msgid "choose-mirror"
msgstr "choose-mirror"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:193
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Presents a list of Debian archive mirrors. The user may choose the source of "
"his installation packages."
msgstr "列出 Debian 软件包镜像。用户可以选择从哪里安装软件包。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:202
#, no-c-format
msgid "cdrom-checker"
msgstr "cdrom-checker"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:202
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Checks integrity of a CD-ROM. This way, the user may assure him/herself that "
"the installation CD-ROM was not corrupted."
msgstr "检验 CD-ROM 的完整。这种方法让用户确保所用的安装 CD-ROM 没有损坏。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:211
#, no-c-format
msgid "lowmem"
msgstr "lowmem"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:211
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Lowmem tries to detect systems with low memory and then does various tricks "
"to remove unnecessary parts of &d-i; from the memory (at the cost of some "
"features)."
msgstr ""
"它会检测小内存容量的系统，并采用一些技巧从内存中删除 &d-i; 不需要的部分(代价"
"是丧失一些特性)。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:221
#, no-c-format
msgid "anna"
msgstr "anna"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:221
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Anna's Not Nearly APT. Installs packages which have been retrieved from the "
"chosen mirror or CD."
msgstr "Anna's Not Nearly APT。安装软件包从选择的镜像或 CD 获取。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:230
#, no-c-format
msgid "clock-setup"
msgstr "clock-setup"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:230
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Updates the system clock and determines whether the clock is set to UTC or "
"not."
msgstr "更新系统时钟，并决定时钟是否使用 UTC。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:239
#, no-c-format
msgid "tzsetup"
msgstr "tzsetup"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:239
#, no-c-format
msgid "Selects the time zone, based on the location selected earlier."
msgstr "选择时区，并基于前面选择的地点。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:247
#, no-c-format
msgid "partman"
msgstr "partman"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:247
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Allows the user to partition disks attached to the system, create file "
"systems on the selected partitions, and attach them to the mountpoints. "
"Included are also interesting features like a fully automatic mode or LVM "
"support. This is the preferred partitioning tool in Debian."
msgstr ""
"让用户为系统安排磁盘分区，创建文件系统，并分配挂载点。它包括一些有趣的特性，"
"如自动模式或 LVM 支持。在 Debian 里这是推荐的分区工具。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:259
#, no-c-format
msgid "partitioner"
msgstr "partitioner"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:259
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Allows the user to partition disks attached to the system. A partitioning "
"program appropriate to your computer's architecture is chosen."
msgstr "允许用户为系统安排磁盘分区。根据用户计算机的体系选择和善的分区工具。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:269
#, no-c-format
msgid "partconf"
msgstr "partconf"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:269
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Displays a list of partitions, and creates file systems on the selected "
"partitions according to user instructions."
msgstr "显示分区列表，按用户指令为选择的分区创建文件系统。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:278
#, no-c-format
msgid "lvmcfg"
msgstr "lvmcfg"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:278
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Helps the user with the configuration of the <firstterm>LVM</firstterm> "
"(Logical Volume Manager)."
msgstr "帮助用户配置 <firstterm>LVM</firstterm> (Logical Volume Manager)。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:287
#, no-c-format
msgid "mdcfg"
msgstr "mdcfg"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:287
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Allows the user to setup Software <firstterm>RAID</firstterm> (Redundant "
"Array of Inexpensive Disks). This Software RAID is usually superior to the "
"cheap IDE (pseudo hardware) RAID controllers found on newer motherboards."
msgstr ""
"让用户设置 Software <firstterm>RAID</firstterm> (Redundant Array of "
"Inexpensive Disks)。Software RAID 是新主板提供的廉价 IDE (虚拟硬件) RAID 控制"
"器的高级管理。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:298
#, no-c-format
msgid "base-installer"
msgstr "base-installer"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:298
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Installs the most basic set of packages which would allow the computer to "
"operate under Linux when rebooted."
msgstr "安装一些基本的包，让计算机重启后能在 Linux 下运行。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:307
#, no-c-format
msgid "user-setup"
msgstr "user-setup"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:307
#, no-c-format
msgid "Sets up the root password, and adds a non-root user."
msgstr "建立 root 密码，然后添加一个非 root 用户。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:315
#, no-c-format
msgid "apt-setup"
msgstr "apt-setup"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:315
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Configures apt, mostly automatically, based on what media the installer is "
"running from."
msgstr "配置 apt，大部分是自动完成，基于安装程序所运行的介质。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:324
#, no-c-format
msgid "pkgsel"
msgstr "pkgsel"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:324
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Uses <classname>tasksel</classname> to select and install additional "
"software."
msgstr "用 <classname>tasksel</classname> 选择安装额外的软件。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:332
#, no-c-format
msgid "os-prober"
msgstr "os-prober"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:332
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Detects currently installed operating systems on the computer and passes "
"this information to the bootloader-installer, which may offer you an ability "
"to add discovered operating systems to the bootloader's start menu. This way "
"the user could easily choose at the boot time which operating system to "
"start."
msgstr ""
"检测当前计算机上安装的操作系统，将信息传递给 bootloader-installer，使它能将检"
"测到的操作系统添加到 bootloader 的启动菜单里面。方便用户选择启动哪个操作系"
"统。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:344
#, no-c-format
msgid "bootloader-installer"
msgstr "bootloader-installer"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:344
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The various bootloader installers each install a boot loader program on the "
"hard disk, which is necessary for the computer to start up using Linux "
"without using a floppy or CD-ROM. Many boot loaders allow the user to choose "
"an alternate operating system each time the computer boots."
msgstr ""
"在硬盘上安装启动加载程序，是必须的一步，使得计算机启动 Linux 不必依靠软盘和 "
"CD-ROM 启动。许多启动加载程序都允许用户在启动的时候选择使用哪个操作系统。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:355
#, no-c-format
msgid "shell"
msgstr "shell"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:355
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Allows the user to execute a shell from the menu, or in the second console."
msgstr "让用户能从菜单或者第二控制台执行 shell。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:364
#, no-c-format
msgid "save-logs"
msgstr "save-logs"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:364
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Provides a way for the user to record information on a floppy disk, network, "
"hard disk, or other media when trouble is encountered, in order to "
"accurately report installer software problems to Debian developers later."
msgstr ""
"当用户遇到麻烦时，提供一种方式记录信息到软盘、网络、硬盘或其他介质，用于以后"
"给 Debian 开发人员精确地报告安装程序的问题。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:382
#, no-c-format
msgid "Using Individual Components"
msgstr "使用单独的组件"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:383
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"In this section we will describe each installer component in detail. The "
"components have been grouped into stages that should be recognizable for "
"users. They are presented in the order they appear during the install. Note "
"that not all modules will be used for every installation; which modules are "
"actually used depends on the installation method you use and on your "
"hardware."
msgstr ""
"本节将会描述各个安装组件的详细信息。各组件按用户可以识别的阶段分组。它们在安"
"装过程中按次序显示出来。注意，每次安装并不会使用所有的模块；至于哪些模块被用"
"到，取决于您使用的安装方法以及硬件。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:395
#, no-c-format
msgid "Setting up Debian Installer and Hardware Configuration"
msgstr "启动 Debian 安装程序与配置硬件"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:396
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Let's assume the Debian Installer has booted and you are facing its first "
"screen. At this time, the capabilities of &d-i; are still quite limited. It "
"doesn't know much about your hardware, preferred language, or even the task "
"it should perform. Don't worry. Because &d-i; is quite clever, it can "
"automatically probe your hardware, locate the rest of its components and "
"upgrade itself to a capable installation system. However, you still need to "
"help &d-i; with some information it can't determine automatically (like "
"selecting your preferred language, keyboard layout or desired network "
"mirror)."
msgstr ""
"假设 Debian 安装程序已经启动，然后您看到了初始画面。此时，&d-i; 的能力还很有"
"限。它还不了解您的硬件，首选的语言，甚至不知道要执行什么任务。不用担心，因为 "
"&d-i; 相当聪明，它能自动探测您的硬件，定位其余的组件，并更新自己以具备安装系"
"统的能力。但您仍然要协助 &d-i;，提供给它不能自动决定的内容(比如选择您首选的语"
"言，键盘布局或网络镜像)。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:409
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"You will notice that &d-i; performs <firstterm>hardware detection</"
"firstterm> several times during this stage. The first time is targeted "
"specifically at the hardware needed to load installer components (e.g. your "
"CD-ROM or network card). As not all drivers may be available during this "
"first run, hardware detection needs to be repeated later in the process."
msgstr ""
"您会留意到 &d-i; 在本阶段执行 <firstterm>硬件侦测</firstterm> 多次。第一次目"
"的是指定哪些硬件需要安装(比如，您的 CD-ROM 或者网卡)。在第一次运行的时候并不"
"是所有的驱动程序都就绪，硬件侦测会在后续过程里面多次重复。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:424
#, no-c-format
msgid "Check available memory / low memory mode"
msgstr "检测可用内存/小内存模式"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:426
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"One of the first things &d-i; does, is to check available memory. If the "
"available memory is limited, this component will make some changes in the "
"installation process which hopefully will allow you to install &debian; on "
"your system."
msgstr ""
"&d-i; 首先要做的一件事是检测有效的内存。如果内存有限，该组件将修改后续的安装"
"进程，使您可以将 &debian; 安装到您的系统上。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:433
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The first measure taken to reduce memory consumption by the installer is to "
"disable translations, which means that the installation can only be done in "
"English. Of course, you can still localize the installed system after the "
"installation has completed."
msgstr ""
"安装程序用于减少内存消耗的第一项措施是关闭翻译，也就是说，安装将只在英文下进"
"行。当然，您在安装完成之后还是可以进行本地化设置。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:440
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If that is not sufficient, the installer will further reduce memory "
"consumption by loading only those components essential to complete a basic "
"installation. This reduces the functionality of the installation system. You "
"will be given the opportunity to load additional components manually, but "
"you should be aware that each component you select will use additional "
"memory and thus may cause the installation to fail."
msgstr ""
"如果还不行，安装程序只加载那些完成基本安装的模块，进一步来减少内存消耗。这将"
"减少安装系统的功能。您有机会手动加载额外的组件，但要留意您选择的组件会使用更"
"多的内存，可能会使安装失败。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:449
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If the installer runs in low memory mode, it is recommended to create a "
"relatively large swap partition (64&ndash;128MB). The swap partition will be "
"used as virtual memory and thus increases the amount of memory available to "
"the system. The installer will activate the swap partition as early as "
"possible in the installation process. Note that heavy use of swap will "
"reduce performance of your system and may lead to high disk activity."
msgstr ""
"如果安装程序运行在小内存模式下，建议创建一个相对较大的交换分区"
"(64&ndash;128MB)。交换分区会被当作虚拟内存，使系统可用的内存总量增加。安装程"
"序会在安装过程的尽早阶段激活交换分区。注意，过多地使用交换分区会降低系统性"
"能，增加磁盘活动。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:459
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Despite these measures, it is still possible that your system freezes, that "
"unexpected errors occur or that processes are killed by the kernel because "
"the system runs out of memory (which will result in <quote>Out of memory</"
"quote> messages on VT4 and in the syslog)."
msgstr ""
"尽管如此，您的系统还可能冻结，因为系统内存溢出(VT4 和 syslog 上产生 "
"<quote>Out of memory</quote> 信息)，出现没有预期的错误，或者进程被内核杀死。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:466
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"For example, it has been reported that creating a big ext3 file system fails "
"in low memory mode when there is insufficient swap space. If a larger swap "
"doesn't help, try creating the file system as ext2 (which is an essential "
"component of the installer) instead. It is possible to change an ext2 "
"partition to ext3 after the installation."
msgstr ""
"例如，有报告称，小内存模式下，当交换分区不够大，创建一个大的 ext3 文件系统会"
"失败。如果大的交换分区也不能解决问题，请建立 ext2 文件系统(它是安装程序的基本"
"组件)。安装之后可以将 ext2 分区改成 ext3。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:474
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"It is possible to force the installer to use a higher lowmem level than the "
"one based on available memory by using the boot parameter <quote>lowmem</"
"quote> as described in <xref linkend=\"installer-args\"/>."
msgstr ""
"可以通过引导参数 <quote>lowmem</quote> 强制安装程序使用比实际内存更高的 "
"lowmem 等级，说明见 <xref linkend=\"installer-args\"/>。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:489
#, no-c-format
msgid "Selecting Localization Options"
msgstr "选择地区选项"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:491
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"In most cases the first questions you will be asked concern the selection of "
"localization options to be used both for the installation and for the "
"installed system. The localization options consist of language, country and "
"locales."
msgstr ""
"大多时候，您遇到的第一个问题是关于地区的选项，它用于安装过程和安装后的系统。"
"地区选项由语言，国家和地点组成。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:498
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The language you choose will be used for the rest of the installation "
"process, provided a translation of the different dialogs is available. If no "
"valid translation is available for the selected language, the installer will "
"default to English."
msgstr ""
"您选择的语言将用于紧接着的安装过程，对话框已经有各种语言翻译的版本。如果选择"
"的语言没有对应翻译的版本，安装将默认使用英文。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:505
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The selected country will be used later in the installation process to pick "
"the default timezone and a Debian mirror appropriate for your geographic "
"location. Language and country together will be used to set the default "
"locale for your system and to help select your keyboard."
msgstr ""
"在安装过程的后面，选择的国家还会被用于设置默认的时区和您所处地理位置的 "
"Debian 镜像。语言和国家可以一起用来设置您系统默认的 locale，并帮助您选择键"
"盘。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:512
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"You will first be asked to select your preferred language. The language "
"names are listed in both English (left side) and in the language itself "
"(right side); the names on the right side are also shown in the proper "
"script for the language. The list is sorted on the English names. At the top "
"of the list is an extra option that allows you to select the <quote>C</"
"quote> locale instead of a language. Choosing the <quote>C</quote> locale "
"will result in the installation proceding in English; the installed system "
"will have no localization support as the <classname>locales</classname> "
"package will not be installed."
msgstr ""
"您将被首先问到倾向的语言。语言名称同时以英文(左侧)和该语言(右侧)列出；右侧名"
"称是使用该语言来书写。列表以英文名称排列。在列表的顶端是一个额外的选项，允许"
"您使用 <quote>C</quote> locale 替代语言。选择 <quote>C</quote> locale 使得安"
"装过程使用英文；安装的系统不再有本地化支持，<classname>locales</classname> 软"
"件包也不会安装。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:524
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you selected a language that is recognized as an official language for "
"more than one country<footnote> <para> In technical terms: where multiple "
"locales exist for that language with differing country codes. </para> </"
"footnote>, you will be shown a list of only those countries. To select a "
"country that is not in that list, choose <guimenuitem>Other</guimenuitem> "
"(the last option). You will be then be presented with a list of continents; "
"selecting a continent will lead to a list of relevant countries on that "
"continent."
msgstr ""
"如果您选择的语言被多个国家作为官方语言<footnote> <para> 技术范畴：一种语言针"
"对不同国家代码有多个不同 locale 存在。</para> </footnote>，列表中只列出这些国"
"家。如果想要选择列表之外的国家，选择 <guimenuitem>Other</guimenuitem>(最后一"
"项)。您将看到大洲列表；选择洲之后会看到该大洲上的国家。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:542
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If the language has only one country associated with it, that country will "
"be selected automatically. In that case it is only possible to select a "
"different country by first lowering the debconf priority to medium, followed "
"by revisiting the language selection option in the main menu of the "
"installer."
msgstr ""
"如果此语言只对应一个国家，该国将会被自动选中。这种情况下如果要选择其他的国"
"家，首先要降低 debconf 优先级为 medium，然后在安装程序的主菜单中重新选择语"
"言。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:550
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"A default locale will be selected based on the selected language and "
"country. If you are installing at medium or low priority, you will have the "
"option of selecting a different default locale and of selecting additional "
"locales to be generated for the installed system."
msgstr ""
"默认 locale 的选择是基于先前所选的语言和国家。如果您以 medium 或 low 优先级安"
"装，可以选择不同的默认 locale 以及为安装好的系统生成额外的 locale。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:565
#, no-c-format
msgid "Choosing a Keyboard"
msgstr "选择键盘"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:567
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Keyboards are often tailored to the characters used in a language. Select a "
"layout that conforms to the keyboard you are using, or select something "
"close if the keyboard layout you want isn't represented. Once the system "
"installation is complete, you'll be able to select a keyboard layout from a "
"wider range of choices (run <command>kbdconfig</command> as root after you "
"have completed the installation)."
msgstr ""
"键盘经常按照不同语言使用的字符裁剪。选择一个您的键盘使用的合适布局，或者为没"
"有的布局选择一个接近的。一旦系统安装完毕，您可以从更大范围内您选择键盘的布局 "
"(在安装完之后用 root 执行 <command>kbdconfig</command>)。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:577
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Move the highlight to the keyboard selection you desire and press "
"&enterkey;. Use the arrow keys to move the highlight &mdash; they are in the "
"same place in all national language keyboard layouts, so they are "
"independent of the keyboard configuration. An 'extended' keyboard is one "
"with <keycap>F1</keycap> through <keycap>F10</keycap> keys along the top row."
msgstr ""
"将高亮显示部分移到选择的键盘，然后按下 &enterkey;。用箭头健移到高亮显示 "
"&mdash; 它们位于所以国家键盘布局相同的地方，因此独立于键盘配置。'扩展的'键盘"
"是具有 <keycap>F1</keycap> 到 <keycap>F10</keycap> 健，与顶端平行。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:586
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"There are two keyboard layouts for US keyboards; the qwerty/mac-usb-us "
"(Apple USB) layout will place the Alt function on the <keycap>Command/Apple</"
"keycap> key (in the keyboard position next to the <keycap>space</keycap> key "
"similar to <keycap>Alt</keycap> on PC keyboards), while the qwerty/us "
"(Standard) layout will place the Alt function on the <keycap>Option</keycap> "
"key (engraved with 'alt' on most Mac keyboards). In other respects the two "
"layouts are similar."
msgstr ""
"有两种 US 键盘布局；qwerty/mac-usb-us (Apple USB) 将 Alt 功能放在 "
"<keycap>Command/Apple</keycap> 健 (处于键盘的 <keycap>空格</keycap> 健旁，类"
"似于 PC 键盘的 <keycap>Alt</keycap> )，另外 qwerty/us (Standard) 布局将 Alt "
"功能放在 <keycap>Option</keycap> 健上(在大多数 Mac 键盘上标明 'alt')。其余地"
"方这两种布局相似。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:616
#, no-c-format
msgid "Looking for the Debian Installer ISO Image"
msgstr "寻找 Debian 安装程序 ISO 映像"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:617
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"When installing via the <emphasis>hd-media</emphasis> method, there will be "
"a moment where you need to find and mount the Debian Installer iso image in "
"order to get the rest of the installation files. The component <command>iso-"
"scan</command> does exactly this."
msgstr ""
"当安装是使用 <emphasis>hd-media</emphasis> 方式，将会有一个动作，是寻找和挂"
"载 Debian 安装程序 iso 映像，用于获取其它的安装文件。组件 <command>iso-scan</"
"command> 正是用来完成此任务。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:624
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"At first, <command>iso-scan</command> automatically mounts all block devices "
"(e.g. partitions) which have some known filesystem on them and sequentially "
"searches for filenames ending with <filename>.iso</filename> (or <filename>."
"ISO</filename> for that matter). Beware that the first attempt scans only "
"files in the root directory and in the first level of subdirectories (i.e. "
"it finds <filename>/<replaceable>whatever</replaceable>.iso</filename>, "
"<filename>/data/<replaceable>whatever</replaceable>.iso</filename>, but not "
"<filename>/data/tmp/<replaceable>whatever</replaceable>.iso</filename>). "
"After an iso image has been found, <command>iso-scan</command> checks its "
"content to determine if the image is a valid Debian iso image or not. In the "
"former case we are done, in the latter <command>iso-scan</command> seeks for "
"another image."
msgstr ""
"首先，<command>iso-scan</command> 自动挂载具有已知文件系统的块设备(比如，分"
"区)，然后顺次搜索文件名结尾是 <filename>.iso</filename> (或 <filename>.ISO</"
"filename> 之类)。注意，首次只扫描位于根目录的文件，和第一层子目录 (例如，它找"
"到 <filename>/<replaceable>whatever</replaceable>.iso</filename>，<filename>/"
"data/<replaceable>whatever</replaceable>.iso</filename>，而不是 <filename>/"
"data/tmp/<replaceable>whatever</replaceable>.iso</filename>)。在 iso 映象文件"
"找到后，<command>iso-scan</command>检查它包含的内容，确定该映象文件是不是有效"
"的 Debian iso 映象。如为前者，任务结束；如果是后者，<command>iso-scan</"
"command> 搜索其它的映象。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:641
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"In case the previous attempt to find an installer iso image fails, "
"<command>iso-scan</command> will ask you whether you would like to perform a "
"more thorough search. This pass doesn't just look into the topmost "
"directories, but really traverses whole filesystem."
msgstr ""
"万一前面尝试寻找 iso 映象失败，<command>iso-scan</command> 会询问您是否原意进"
"行完整的搜索。这次不只查看最上级目录，而是真正地贯穿整个文件系统。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:648
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If <command>iso-scan</command> does not discover your installer iso image, "
"reboot back to your original operating system and check if the image is "
"named correctly (ending in <filename>.iso</filename>), if it is placed on a "
"filesystem recognizable by &d-i;, and if it is not corrupted (verify the "
"checksum). Experienced Unix users could do this without rebooting on the "
"second console."
msgstr ""
"如果 <command>iso-scan</command> 找不到安装 iso 映象，请重新启动返回到您以前"
"的操作系统，检查映象文件名是否正确(以 <filename>.iso</filename>结尾)，是否放"
"在一个能被 &d-i; 识别的文件系统上，是否损坏(用 checksum 校验)。有经验的 Unix "
"用户可以在第二个控制台上完成这些动作，而毋须重新启动。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:669
#, no-c-format
msgid "Configuring the Network"
msgstr "配置网络"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:671
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"As you enter this step, if the system detects that you have more than one "
"network device, you'll be asked to choose which device will be your "
"<emphasis>primary</emphasis> network interface, i.e. the one which you want "
"to use for installation. The other interfaces won't be configured at this "
"time. You may configure additional interfaces after installation is "
"complete; see the <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>interfaces</refentrytitle> "
"<manvolnum>5</manvolnum> </citerefentry> man page."
msgstr ""
"进入到这一步，如果系统检测到有多于一个的网络接口，您将被要求选择哪个设备是您"
"的<emphasis>主</emphasis>网络接口，比如，您在安装中要用的那个。其他的网络接口"
"这时不会配置。您可以在安装完毕之后去配置额外的接口；参考 <citerefentry> "
"<refentrytitle>interfaces</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>5</manvolnum> </"
"citerefentry> man 手册。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:682
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"By default, &d-i; tries to configure your computer's network automatically "
"via DHCP. If the DHCP probe succeeds, you are done. If the probe fails, it "
"may be caused by many factors ranging from unplugged network cable, to a "
"misconfigured DHCP setup. Or maybe you don't have a DHCP server in your "
"local network at all. For further explanation, check the error messages on "
"the fourth console. In any case, you will be asked if you want to retry, or "
"if you want to perform a manual setup. DHCP servers are sometimes really "
"slow in their responses, so if you are sure everything is in place, try "
"again."
msgstr ""
"默认情况下，&d-i; 会试着用 DHCP 自动配置您的计算机网络。如果侦测 DHCP 成功，"
"这一步就完成。如果失败，造成的原因会有多种因素，从没有接网线到错误设置的 "
"DHCP，或者您的局域网里面根本就没有 DHCP 服务器。检查第四个控制台上的错误信"
"息，了解更多的说明。不管怎样，您都会被要求选择是再试一次，还是手动配置。DHCP "
"服务器有时候响应很慢，如果您确定都正常，请再试一次。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:694
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The manual network setup in turn asks you a number of questions about your "
"network, notably <computeroutput>IP address</computeroutput>, "
"<computeroutput>Netmask</computeroutput>, <computeroutput>Gateway</"
"computeroutput>, <computeroutput>Name server addresses</computeroutput>, and "
"a <computeroutput>Hostname</computeroutput>. Moreover, if you have a "
"wireless network interface, you will be asked to provide your "
"<computeroutput>Wireless ESSID</computeroutput> and a <computeroutput>WEP "
"key</computeroutput>. Fill in the answers from <xref linkend=\"needed-info\"/"
">."
msgstr ""
"手动配置网络会依次询问一些您网络的问题，值得注意的是 <computeroutput>IP 地址"
"</computeroutput>、<computeroutput>网络掩码</computeroutput>、"
"<computeroutput>网关</computeroutput>、<computeroutput>域名服务器地址</"
"computeroutput>和<computeroutput>主机名</computeroutput>。此外，如果您有无线"
"网络接口，会被要求提供您的 <computeroutput>无线 ESSID</computeroutput> 和一"
"个 <computeroutput>WEP 密钥</computeroutput>。填写答案 <xref linkend="
"\"needed-info\"/>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:708
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Some technical details you might, or might not, find handy: the program "
"assumes the network IP address is the bitwise-AND of your system's IP "
"address and your netmask. The default broadcast address is calculated as the "
"bitwise OR of your system's IP address with the bitwise negation of the "
"netmask. It will also guess your gateway. If you can't find any of these "
"answers, use the offered defaults &mdash; if necessary, you can change them "
"by editing <filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename> once the system has "
"been installed."
msgstr ""
"您也许需要将一些或许用的着和用不着的技术细节放在手边：程序假定网络 IP 地址是"
"您系统的 IP 地址和网络掩码按位与。默认的广播地址是通过您系统的 IP 地址和按位"
"反网络掩码按位或计算得来。它也会猜测您的网关。如果您不能回答这些问题，让系统"
"猜测 &mdash; 可以在系统安装完毕之后来修改它们。如果需要，编辑 <filename>/etc/"
"network/interfaces</filename>。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:753
#, no-c-format
msgid "Configuring the Clock"
msgstr "配置时钟"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:755
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The installer will first attempt to connect to a time server on the Internet "
"(using the <firstterm>NTP</firstterm> protocol) in order to correctly set "
"the system time. If this does not succeed, the installer will assume the "
"time and date obtained from the system clock when the installation system "
"was booted are correct. It is not possible to manually set the system time "
"during the installation process."
msgstr ""
"安装程序首先尝试连接互联网上的时间服务器 (使用 <firstterm>NTP</firstterm> 协"
"议) 来校准系统时间。如果没有成功，安装程序假设启动时获得的时间和日期是正确"
"的。在安装过程中没法手动对系统时间进行设置。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:773
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Depending on the location selected earlier in the installation process, you "
"may be shown a list of timezones relevant for that location. If your "
"location has only one time zone, you will not be asked anything and the "
"system will assume that time zone."
msgstr ""
"基于安装过程前面所选择的地理位置，您将看到系统只列出与其地点相关的时区列表。"
"如果该地只对应一个时区，那么系统就不会询问而直接使用该时区。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:780
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If for some reason you wish to set a time zone for the installed system that "
"does <emphasis>not</emphasis> match the selected location, there are two "
"options."
msgstr ""
"如果出于某些因素您<emphasis>不想</emphasis>设置时区为所选择的地点，这里有两个"
"选项。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:791
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The simplest option is to just select a different timezone after the "
"installation has been completed and you've booted into the new system. The "
"command to do this is:"
msgstr ""
"简易的方法是，在安装完成后重新启动进入新系统，选择一个不同的时区。该命令为："

#. Tag: screen
#: using-d-i.xml:797
#, no-c-format
msgid "# dpkg-reconfigure tzdata"
msgstr "# dpkg-reconfigure tzdata"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:803
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Alternatively, the time zone can be set at the very start of the "
"installation by passing the parameter <userinput>time/"
"zone=<replaceable>value</replaceable></userinput> when you boot the "
"installation system. The value should of course be a valid time zone, for "
"example <userinput>Europe/London</userinput> or <userinput>UTC</userinput>."
msgstr ""
"另外一种方法是，时区可以在安装启动后的安装程序最初阶段通过传入参数 "
"<userinput>time/zone=<replaceable>value</replaceable></userinput> 进行设置。"
"其中的 value 当然要求是一个有效的时区，例如 <userinput>Europe/London</"
"userinput> 或 <userinput>UTC</userinput>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:817
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"For automated installations the time zone can also be set using preseeding."
msgstr "自动安装可以通过预置设置时区。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:830
#, no-c-format
msgid "Partitioning and Mount Point Selection"
msgstr "分区与选择挂载点"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:831
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"At this time, after hardware detection has been executed a final time, &d-i; "
"should be at its full strength, customized for the user's needs and ready to "
"do some real work. As the title of this section indicates, the main task of "
"the next few components lies in partitioning your disks, creating "
"filesystems, assigning mountpoints and optionally configuring closely "
"related options like RAID, LVM or encrypted devices."
msgstr ""
"现在，经过最后的硬件检测，&d-i; 已经充满活力，按照用户定制，准备就绪。正如本"
"节标题指明，接下来组件的主要任务是为您的硬盘分区，创建文件系统，安排挂载点，"
"并为近似选项进行配置，比如 RAID、LVM 或加密设备。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:852
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you are uncomfortable with partitioning, or just want to know more "
"details, see <xref linkend=\"partitioning\"/>."
msgstr ""
"要是您对分区还有心存疑虑，或者只是想多了解一些细节，请参阅 <xref linkend="
"\"partitioning\"/>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:858
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If a hard disk has previously used under Solaris, the partitioner may not "
"detect the size of the drive correctly. Creating a new partition table does "
"not fix this issue. What does help, is to <quote>zero</quote> the first few "
"sectors of the drive: <informalexample><screen>\n"
"# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/hd<replaceable>X</replaceable> bs=512 count=2; "
"sync\n"
"</screen></informalexample> Note that this will make any existing data on "
"that disk inaccessible."
msgstr ""
"如果以前是在 Solaris 下使用硬盘，分区工具可能无法正确检测到磁盘大小。建立一个"
"新的分区表也无法解决该问题。有效的方法是给磁盘的前面的一些扇区<quote>清零</"
"quote>：<informalexample><screen>\n"
"# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/hd<replaceable>X</replaceable> bs=512 count=2; "
"sync\n"
"</screen></informalexample> 注意，这会是磁盘上已有的数据无法访问。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:871
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"First you will be given the opportunity to automatically partition either an "
"entire drive, or available free space on a drive. This is also called "
"<quote>guided</quote> partitioning. If you do not want to autopartition, "
"choose <guimenuitem>Manual</guimenuitem> from the menu."
msgstr ""
"首先您可以选择对整块硬盘或是其上的空闲空间进行自动分区。这也被称为 <quote>向"
"导式</quote> 分区。倘若您不想用自动分区，那么也可以选择菜单中的 "
"<guimenuitem>Manual</guimenuitem> 。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:881
#, no-c-format
msgid "Guided Partitioning"
msgstr "导引式分区"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:882
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you choose guided partitioning, you may have three options: to create "
"partitions directly on the hard disk (classic method), or to create them "
"using Logical Volume Management (LVM), or to create them using encrypted "
"LVM<footnote> <para> The installer will encrypt the LVM volume group using a "
"256 bit AES key and makes use of the kernel's <quote>dm-crypt</quote> "
"support. </para> </footnote>."
msgstr ""
"如果您选择导引式分区，可以有三种选择：直接在硬盘上创建分区(经典方式)，或使用"
"逻辑卷管理(LVM)，或使用加密 LVM。<footnote><para> 安装程序将使用 256 位的 "
"AES 密钥加密 LVM 卷组，并使用内核的 <quote>dm-crypt</quote> 支持。</para> </"
"footnote>"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:897
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The option to use (encrypted) LVM may not be available on all architectures."
msgstr "(加密) LVM 的选项并不是在所有体系下都可用。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:902
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"When using LVM or encrypted LVM, the installer will create most partitions "
"inside one big partition; the advantage of this method is that partitions "
"inside this big partition can be resized relatively easily later. In the "
"case of encrypted LVM the big partition will not be readable without knowing "
"a special key phrase, thus providing extra security of your (personal) data."
msgstr ""
"使用 LVM 或加密 LVM，安装程序将在一个大分区上创建很多分区；这种方式的优点在于"
"该大分区内的分区以后改变尺寸相对比较容易。如果没有一个特殊的密码，加密 LVM 的"
"大分区将无法读取，对您的(私有)数据提供了额外的安全性。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:911
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"When using encrypted LVM, the installer will also automatically erase the "
"disk by writing random data to it. This further improves security (as it "
"makes it impossible to tell which parts of the disk are in use and also "
"makes sure that any traces of previous installations are erased), but may "
"take some time depending on the size of your disk."
msgstr ""
"使用加密 LVM 时，安装程序将随机写入数据自动清除磁盘。这提升了安全性(使得无法"
"获知磁盘的哪一部分被使用，并使此前的安装轨迹被清除)，根据磁盘的大小会耗费一些"
"时间。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:920
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you choose guided partitioning using LVM or encrypted LVM, some changes "
"in the partition table will need to be written to the selected disk while "
"LVM is being set up. These changes effectively erase all data that is "
"currently on the selected hard disk and you will not be able to undo them "
"later. However, the installer will ask you to confirm these changes before "
"they are written to disk."
msgstr ""
"假如您用导引式分区选择 LVM 或加密 LVM，在 LVM 建立的时候，分区表中的一些变更"
"需要写入到所选的磁盘。这些变更会删除当前硬盘上的数据，以后将无法撤销。当然，"
"安装程序会在写入磁盘之前让您确认。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:930
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you choose guided partitioning (either classic or using (encrypted) LVM) "
"for a whole disk, you will first be asked to select the disk you want to "
"use. Check that all your disks are listed and, if you have several disks, "
"make sure you select the correct one. The order they are listed in may "
"differ from what you are used to. The size of the disks may help to identify "
"them."
msgstr ""
"假如用导引式分区(经典方式或(加密)LVM)选择整个磁盘，您会首先被要求选择将要使用"
"的磁盘。检查一下您所有的磁盘都被列出，如果有多个磁盘，确认所选是您真正要使用"
"的那块。排列的次序可能与以前的不同。磁盘的尺寸将会帮助您识别它们。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:939
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Any data on the disk you select will eventually be lost, but you will always "
"be asked to confirm any changes before they are written to the disk. If you "
"have selected the classic method of partitioning, you will be able to undo "
"any changes right until the end; when using (encrypted) LVM this is not "
"possible."
msgstr ""
"所选磁盘上的所有数据将会丢失，但您总会在写入磁盘前得到提示进行确认。如果选择"
"了经典分区方式，您将可以在整个过程中撤销任何修改；而使用(加密) LVM 将无法撤"
"销。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:947
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Next, you will be able to choose from the schemes listed in the table below. "
"All schemes have their pros and cons, some of which are discussed in <xref "
"linkend=\"partitioning\"/>. If you are unsure, choose the first one. Bear in "
"mind that guided partitioning needs a certain minimal amount of free space "
"to operate with. If you don't give it at least about 1GB of space (depends "
"on chosen scheme), guided partitioning will fail."
msgstr ""
"下来，您将从下表所列的几个方式中进行选择。每个方式都各有利弊，其中的一些讨论"
"见 <xref linkend=\"partitioning\"/>。如果没有把握，就选择第一个选项。有一点要"
"记住，就是使用导引式分区至少需要一定大小的空闲空间才能正常运作。如果没有给它 "
"1GB 以上的空间(具体大小视所选的方式而不同)，那么导引式分区将以失败告终。"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:963
#, no-c-format
msgid "Partitioning scheme"
msgstr "分区方式"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:964
#, no-c-format
msgid "Minimum space"
msgstr "所需最小空间"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:965
#, no-c-format
msgid "Created partitions"
msgstr "所新建的分区"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:971
#, no-c-format
msgid "All files in one partition"
msgstr "所有文件在同一分区"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:972
#, no-c-format
msgid "600MB"
msgstr "600MB"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:973
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>/</filename>, swap"
msgstr "<filename>/</filename>, swap"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:975
#, no-c-format
msgid "Separate /home partition"
msgstr "建立 /home 分区"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:976
#, no-c-format
msgid "500MB"
msgstr "500MB"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:977
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>/</filename>, <filename>/home</filename>, swap"
msgstr "<filename>/</filename>, <filename>/home</filename>, swap"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:981
#, no-c-format
msgid "Separate /home, /usr, /var and /tmp partitions"
msgstr "分别建立 /home、/usr、/var 和 /tmp 分区"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:982
#, no-c-format
msgid "<entry>1GB</entry>"
msgstr "<entry>1GB</entry>"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:983
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"<filename>/</filename>, <filename>/home</filename>, <filename>/usr</"
"filename>, <filename>/var</filename>, <filename>/tmp</filename>, swap"
msgstr ""
"<filename>/</filename>, <filename>/home</filename>, <filename>/usr</"
"filename>, <filename>/var</filename>, <filename>/tmp</filename>, swap"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:992
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you choose guided partitioning using (encrypted) LVM, the installer will "
"also create a separate <filename>/boot</filename> partition. The other "
"partitions, including the swap partition, will be created inside the LVM "
"partition."
msgstr ""
"如果您选择使用(加密) LVM 导引式分区，安装程序还会创建一个单独的 <filename>/"
"boot</filename> 分区。其他的分区，除了交换分区，都会建在 LVM 分区之内。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:998
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you choose guided partitioning for your IA-64 system, there will be an "
"additional partition, formatted as a FAT16 bootable filesystem, for the EFI "
"boot loader. There is also an additional menu item in the formatting menu to "
"manually set up a partition as an EFI boot partition."
msgstr ""
"倘若您为 IA-64 系统选择了导引式分区，就会有一个额外的分区，该分区格式化为 "
"FAT16 可引导文件系统，用于 EFI boot loader。同时，菜单里也会加一项，让您可以"
"手动把某个分区作为 EFI 引导分区。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1006
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you choose guided partitioning for your Alpha system, an additional, "
"unformatted partition will be allocated at the beginning of your disk to "
"reserve this space for the aboot boot loader."
msgstr ""
"如果您为 Alpha 系统选择导引式分区，一个额外的、未格式化的分区将分配在磁盘的开"
"始处，为 aboot boot loader 的保留空间。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1012
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"After selecting a scheme, the next screen will show your new partition "
"table, including information on whether and how partitions will be formatted "
"and where they will be mounted."
msgstr ""
"在选定了分区方式后的下一个界面，您会看到关于自己分区的一张表格，上面标明了分"
"区是否将被格式化，将以何种方式格式化，以及它们将被挂载到哪里的相关信息。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1018
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The list of partitions might look like this: <informalexample><screen>\n"
"  IDE1 master (hda) - 6.4 GB WDC AC36400L\n"
"        #1 primary   16.4 MB  B f ext2       /boot\n"
"        #2 primary  551.0 MB      swap       swap\n"
"        #3 primary    5.8 GB      ntfs\n"
"           pri/log    8.2 MB      FREE SPACE\n"
"\n"
"  IDE1 slave (hdb) - 80.0 GB ST380021A\n"
"        #1 primary   15.9 MB      ext3\n"
"        #2 primary  996.0 MB      fat16\n"
"        #3 primary    3.9 GB      xfs        /home\n"
"        #5 logical    6.0 GB    f ext3       /\n"
"        #6 logical    1.0 GB    f ext3       /var\n"
"        #7 logical  498.8 MB      ext3\n"
"        #8 logical  551.5 MB      swap       swap\n"
"        #9 logical   65.8 GB      ext2\n"
"</screen></informalexample> This example shows two IDE harddrives divided "
"into several partitions; the first disk has some free space. Each partition "
"line consists of the partition number, its type, size, optional flags, file "
"system, and mountpoint (if any). Note: this particular setup cannot be "
"created using guided partitioning but it does show possible variation that "
"can be achieved using manual partitioning."
msgstr ""
"分区表格的格式如下：<informalexample><screen>\n"
"  IDE1 master (hda) - 6.4 GB WDC AC36400L\n"
"        #1 primary   16.4 MB  B f ext2       /boot\n"
"        #2 primary  551.0 MB      swap       swap\n"
"        #3 primary    5.8 GB      ntfs\n"
"           pri/log    8.2 MB      FREE SPACE\n"
"\n"
"  IDE1 slave (hdb) - 80.0 GB ST380021A\n"
"        #1 primary   15.9 MB      ext3\n"
"        #2 primary  996.0 MB      fat16\n"
"        #3 primary    3.9 GB      xfs        /home\n"
"        #5 logical    6.0 GB    f ext3       /\n"
"        #6 logical    1.0 GB    f ext3       /var\n"
"        #7 logical  498.8 MB      ext3\n"
"        #8 logical  551.5 MB      swap       swap\n"
"        #9 logical   65.8 GB      ext2\n"
"</screen></informalexample> 本例中有两块 IDE 硬盘，它们分别被分割成了几个分"
"区。第一块硬盘上还有些空闲空间。表中每行列出了分区编号、类型、大小、选项标"
"志、文件系统和挂载点(如果有的话)。注意：导引式分区方式不能创建这些特殊的设"
"置，但使用手动方式分区的结果会有所不同。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1031
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This concludes the guided partitioning. If you are satisfied with the "
"generated partition table, you can choose <guimenuitem>Finish partitioning "
"and write changes to disk</guimenuitem> from the menu to implement the new "
"partition table (as described at the end of this section). If you are not "
"happy, you can choose to <guimenuitem>Undo changes to partitions</"
"guimenuitem> and run guided partitioning again, or modify the proposed "
"changes as described below for manual partitioning."
msgstr ""
"接下来，导引式分区就要完成了。如果您对上面生成的分区信息表感到满意，那么请在"
"菜单中选择 <guimenuitem>Finish partitioning and write changes to disk</"
"guimenuitem> 一项来创建新分区表(本节末将会对此进行解释)。如果您认为分区设置不"
"如愿，那么可以选择 <guimenuitem>Undo changes to partitions</guimenuitem>，然"
"后再次运行导引式分区，或者按照下面的介绍进行手动分区。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:1045
#, no-c-format
msgid "Manual Partitioning"
msgstr "手动分区"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1046
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"A similar screen to the one shown just above will be displayed if you choose "
"manual partitioning except that your existing partition table will be shown "
"and without the mount points. How to manually setup your partition table and "
"the usage of partitions by your new Debian system will be covered in the "
"remainder of this section."
msgstr ""
"如果您选择手动分区的话，它的界面和上面介绍的导引式分区大体上相同。不同之处在"
"于，界面上显示的是您当前的分区列表，而且其中并没有挂载点的信息。关于如何手动"
"设置您的分区表，以及新安装的 Debian 系统将如何使用这些分区，将会在本节的后面"
"谈到。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1054
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you select a pristine disk which has neither partitions nor free space on "
"it, you will be asked if a new partition table should be created (this is "
"needed so you can create new partitions). After this, a new line entitled "
"<quote>FREE SPACE</quote> should appear in the table under the selected disk."
msgstr ""
"倘若您选用的是一块全新的硬盘，它还没有被分过区，上面也没有空闲空间。那么系统"
"会要求新建一个分区表(只有这样，您才能创建新的分区)。分区表建好之后，在被选中"
"的磁盘条目下出现一个新行，上面写着 <quote>FREE SPACE</quote>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1062
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you select some free space, you will have the opportunity to create a new "
"partition. You will have to answer a quick series of questions about its "
"size, type (primary or logical), and location (beginning or end of the free "
"space). After this, you will be presented with a detailed overview of your "
"new partition. The main setting is <guimenuitem>Use as:</guimenuitem>, which "
"determines if the partition will have a file system on it, or be used for "
"swap, software RAID, LVM, an encrypted file system, or not be used at all. "
"Other settings include mountpoint, mount options, and bootable flag; which "
"settings are shown depends on how the partition is to be used. If you don't "
"like the preselected defaults, feel free to change them to your liking. E.g. "
"by selecting the option <guimenuitem>Use as:</guimenuitem>, you can choose a "
"different filesystem for this partition, including options to use the "
"partition for swap, software RAID, LVM, or not use it at all. Another nice "
"feature is the ability to copy data from an existing partition onto this "
"one. When you are satisfied with your new partition, select "
"<guimenuitem>Done setting up the partition</guimenuitem> and you will return "
"to <command>partman</command>'s main screen."
msgstr ""
"如果您选中了某块空闲空间，那么就可以在上面新建分区了。接着需要回答一系列简短"
"的问题，它们会就分区大小、类型(主分区还是逻辑分区)、以及分区的位置(在空闲空间"
"的开始部分还是在结束部分)向您询问。回答完毕后，您会看到一个新分区的小结。主要"
"设置是 <guimenuitem>Use as:</guimenuitem>，它决定一个分区上是否会有文件系统，"
"或被用作交换分区、软 RAID、LVM 和加密文件系统，或者根本就放着不用。其他的设置"
"包括挂载点、挂载选项和启动标识；这些是否显示由分区的使用方式决定。如果您不喜"
"欢预设的缺省设置的话，尽可以按照自己的喜好更改它们。比如说，选中 "
"<guimenuitem>Use as:</guimenuitem> 选项，然后您可以让这个分区改用其他的文件系"
"统，把它用作交换分区、软 RAID、LVM，或者根本就放着不用。另外还有个不错的功"
"能，就是可以把现有分区的数据拷贝到新分区上。一旦您对新分区的设置感到满意了，"
"就可以选择 <guimenuitem>Done setting up the partition</guimenuitem>，然后会自"
"动退回到 <command>partman</command> 的主界面。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1084
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you decide you want to change something about your partition, simply "
"select the partition, which will bring you to the partition configuration "
"menu. This is the same screen as is used when creating a new partition, so "
"you can change the same settings. One thing that may not be very obvious at "
"a first glance is that you can resize the partition by selecting the item "
"displaying the size of the partition. Filesystems known to work are at least "
"fat16, fat32, ext2, ext3 and swap. This menu also allows you to delete a "
"partition."
msgstr ""
"若是您希望修改分区的设置，只要选中该分区，分区的配置菜单就会出现在您的面前。"
"由于这个界面和新建分区时使用的界面是相同的，所以您可以像以前那样修改那些设置"
"项。有一件事，可能第一眼看不大出来，就是您还可以通过选中显示分区大小的项目来"
"调整分区的大小。已知适用的文件系统至少有 fat16、fat32、ext2、ext3 和 swap。在"
"这个菜单中，您还可以删除分区。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1095
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Be sure to create at least two partitions: one for the <emphasis>root</"
"emphasis> filesystem (which must be mounted as <filename>/</filename>) and "
"one for <emphasis>swap</emphasis>. If you forget to mount the root "
"filesystem, <command>partman</command> won't let you continue until you "
"correct this issue."
msgstr ""
"请确保至少分出两个分区：其中一个作为 <emphasis>root</emphasis> 文件系统(它必"
"须挂载到 <filename>/</filename>)，另一个用于 <emphasis>swap</emphasis>。若是"
"您忘记了挂载根(root)文件系统的话，<command>partman</command> 会拒绝让您继续下"
"面的步骤，直到您纠正了这个错误。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1103
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you forget to select and format an EFI boot partition, <command>partman</"
"command> will detect this and will not let you continue until you allocate "
"one."
msgstr ""
"如果您忘记选择和格式化一个 EFI 启动分区 <command>partman</command> 会察觉这一"
"点，不让您继续操作，直到您划分出这样一个分区。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1109
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Capabilities of <command>partman</command> can be extended with installer "
"modules, but are dependent on your system's architecture. So if you can't "
"see all promised goodies, check if you have loaded all required modules (e."
"g. <filename>partman-ext3</filename>, <filename>partman-xfs</filename>, or "
"<filename>partman-lvm</filename>)."
msgstr ""
"由于 <command>partman</command> 的功能是通过安装本套件的各模块功能得以延伸和"
"扩展的，但是具体又因您系统的体系架构而有所区别。因此，如果您发现安装的实际情"
"况与我们所言不符，缺少了某些功能特性，那么请检查一下，确保已加载了所有必须的"
"模块(比如，<filename>partman-ext3</filename>、<filename>partman-xfs</"
"filename> 或者 <filename>partman-lvm</filename>)。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1117
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"After you are satisfied with partitioning, select <guimenuitem>Finish "
"partitioning and write changes to disk</guimenuitem> from the partitioning "
"menu. You will be presented with a summary of changes made to the disks and "
"asked to confirm that the filesystems should be created as requested."
msgstr ""
"在您对分区设置感到满意后，就可以选择分区菜单中的 <guimenuitem>Finish "
"partitioning and write changes to disk</guimenuitem> 一项。在这之后，会出现一"
"个清单，它列出了即将在硬盘上进行的所有操作。此时，安装程序会让您确认是否就照"
"此分区。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:1145
#, no-c-format
msgid "Configuring Multidisk Devices (Software RAID)"
msgstr "配置多磁盘设备(软 RAID)"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1146
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you have more than one harddrive<footnote><para> To be honest, you can "
"construct MD device even from partitions residing on single physical drive, "
"but that won't bring you anything useful. </para></footnote> in your "
"computer, you can use <command>mdcfg</command> to setup your drives for "
"increased performance and/or better reliability of your data. The result is "
"called <firstterm>Multidisk Device</firstterm> (or after its most famous "
"variant <firstterm>software RAID</firstterm>)."
msgstr ""
"如果有多于一个硬盘<footnote><para> 其实，您可以从单个物理硬盘上不同分区创建 "
"MD 设备，但这样做不会给您带来任何用处。</para></footnote>安装在您的计算机上，"
"可以用 <command>mdcfg</command> 配置硬盘以提升效能和/或更好的数据可靠性。这种"
"结果称为<firstterm>多磁盘设备 MD</firstterm>(或者更有名的<firstterm>软 RAID</"
"firstterm>)。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1160
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"MD is basically a bunch of partitions located on different disks and "
"combined together to form a <emphasis>logical</emphasis> device. This device "
"can then be used like an ordinary partition (i.e. in <command>partman</"
"command> you can format it, assign a mountpoint, etc.)."
msgstr ""
"MD 本质上是一束位于部分磁盘上的分区，组合在一起形成一个<emphasis>逻辑</"
"emphasis>设备。该设备可以像正常的分区一样使用(比如可以用 <command>partman</"
"command> 格式化，分配挂载点，等等)。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1168
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"What benefits this brings depends on the type of MD device you are creating. "
"Currently supported are: <variablelist> <varlistentry> <term>RAID0</"
"term><listitem><para> Is mainly aimed at performance. RAID0 splits all "
"incoming data into <firstterm>stripes</firstterm> and distributes them "
"equally over each disk in the array. This can increase the speed of read/"
"write operations, but when one of the disks fails, you will lose "
"<emphasis>everything</emphasis> (part of the information is still on the "
"healthy disk(s), the other part <emphasis>was</emphasis> on the failed "
"disk). </para><para> The typical use for RAID0 is a partition for video "
"editing. </para></listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> <term>RAID1</"
"term><listitem><para> Is suitable for setups where reliability is the first "
"concern. It consists of several (usually two) equally-sized partitions where "
"every partition contains exactly the same data. This essentially means three "
"things. First, if one of your disks fails, you still have the data mirrored "
"on the remaining disks. Second, you can use only a fraction of the available "
"capacity (more precisely, it is the size of the smallest partition in the "
"RAID). Third, file-reads are load-balanced among the disks, which can "
"improve performance on a server, such as a file server, that tends to be "
"loaded with more disk reads than writes. </para><para> Optionally you can "
"have a spare disk in the array which will take the place of the failed disk "
"in the case of failure. </para></listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> "
"<term>RAID5</term><listitem><para> Is a good compromise between speed, "
"reliability and data redundancy. RAID5 splits all incoming data into stripes "
"and distributes them equally on all but one disk (similar to RAID0). Unlike "
"RAID0, RAID5 also computes <firstterm>parity</firstterm> information, which "
"gets written on the remaining disk. The parity disk is not static (that "
"would be called RAID4), but is changing periodically, so the parity "
"information is distributed equally on all disks. When one of the disks "
"fails, the missing part of information can be computed from remaining data "
"and its parity. RAID5 must consist of at least three active partitions. "
"Optionally you can have a spare disk in the array which will take the place "
"of the failed disk in the case of failure. </para><para> As you can see, "
"RAID5 has a similar degree of reliability to RAID1 while achieving less "
"redundancy. On the other hand, it might be a bit slower on write operations "
"than RAID0 due to computation of parity information. </para></listitem> </"
"varlistentry> </variablelist> To sum it up:"
msgstr ""
"您得到的好处取决于您创建的 MD 类型。当前支持：<variablelist> <varlistentry> "
"<term>RAID0</term><listitem><para> 它的主要目标是效能。RAID0 将进来的数据分割"
"成 <firstterm>stripes</firstterm> 然后平均分配到组里面的每个硬盘上。这样可以"
"提升读/写操作速度，但是一旦其中的一个硬盘损坏，您将丢失<emphasis>一切</"
"emphasis>(部分信息在好盘上，其他的<emphasis>曾经</emphasis>在坏盘上)。</"
"para><para> 典型的 RAID0 应用是视频编辑分区。</para></listitem> </"
"varlistentry> <varlistentry> <term>RAID1</term><listitem><para> 适用于可靠性"
"作为优先考虑的场合。它由多个(通常两个)相同尺寸的分区组成，每个分区容纳相同的"
"数据。这意味着三件事。第一，如果其中的一个损坏，您仍然有数据镜像在其余的磁盘"
"上。第二，您只能使用现有容量中的碎片(更准确的说，它是 RAID 中尺寸最小的磁盘分"
"区)。第三，文件读取在磁盘间负载平衡，这可以提升服务器的性能，如文件服务器，它"
"倾向于读的负载大于写。</para><para> 可选择的是，您可以用备用的磁盘放在组中，"
"用于顶替事故中损坏的磁盘。</para></listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> "
"<term>RAID5</term><listitem><para> 这是一个速度、可靠性和数据冗余都不错的折衷"
"方案。RAID5 将进来的数据分割成 strips (类似于RAID0)，但只平均分配到一个磁盘"
"上。与 RAID0 不同，RAID5 还会计算<firstterm>奇偶校验</firstterm>信息，这将会"
"写入其他磁盘。奇偶检验磁盘不是静态的(那被称为 RAID4)，会周期性的修改，所以奇"
"偶校验信息平均分配到所有磁盘。当其中的一个磁盘损坏，丢失信息的部分可以从其他"
"数据以及奇偶校验计算出来。RAID5 最少需要三个活动的分区。作为选项，您可以用备"
"用的磁盘放在组中，用于顶替事故中损坏的磁盘。</para><para> 如您所见，RAID5 近"
"于 RAID1 的可靠性并具有较少冗余。另一方面，它只比 RAID0 在写入的时候慢，这是"
"因为要计算校验信息。</para></listitem> </varlistentry> </variablelist> 总结："

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:1246
#, no-c-format
msgid "Type"
msgstr "类型"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:1247
#, no-c-format
msgid "Minimum Devices"
msgstr "最少设备"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:1248
#, no-c-format
msgid "Spare Device"
msgstr "备用设备"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:1249
#, no-c-format
msgid "Survives disk failure?"
msgstr "幸免于磁盘损坏？"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:1250
#, no-c-format
msgid "Available Space"
msgstr "可用空间"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:1256
#, no-c-format
msgid "RAID0"
msgstr "RAID0"

# index.docbook:1105, index.docbook:1113
#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:1257 using-d-i.xml:1265
#, no-c-format
msgid "<entry>2</entry>"
msgstr "<entry>2</entry>"

# index.docbook:1106, index.docbook:1107
#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:1258 using-d-i.xml:1259
#, no-c-format
msgid "<entry>no</entry>"
msgstr "<entry>否</entry>"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:1260
#, no-c-format
msgid "Size of the smallest partition multiplied by number of devices in RAID"
msgstr "容量为最小分区乘以 RAID 设备数"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:1264
#, no-c-format
msgid "RAID1"
msgstr "RAID1"

# index.docbook:1114, index.docbook:1122
#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:1266 using-d-i.xml:1274
#, no-c-format
msgid "optional"
msgstr "可选"

# index.docbook:1115, index.docbook:1123
#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:1267 using-d-i.xml:1275
#, no-c-format
msgid "<entry>yes</entry>"
msgstr "<entry>是</entry>"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:1268
#, no-c-format
msgid "Size of the smallest partition in RAID"
msgstr "容量为 RAID 最小分区"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:1272
#, no-c-format
msgid "RAID5"
msgstr "RAID5"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:1273
#, no-c-format
msgid "<entry>3</entry>"
msgstr "<entry>3</entry>"

#. Tag: entry
#: using-d-i.xml:1276
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Size of the smallest partition multiplied by (number of devices in RAID "
"minus one)"
msgstr "容量为最小分区乘以(RAID 设备数量减一)"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1284
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you want to know more about Software RAID, have a look at <ulink url="
"\"&url-software-raid-howto;\">Software RAID HOWTO</ulink>."
msgstr ""
"如果您想真正全面了解软 RAID，看一下 <ulink url=\"&url-software-raid-howto;"
"\">Software RAID HOWTO</ulink>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1289
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"To create a MD device, you need to have the desired partitions it should "
"consist of marked for use in a RAID. (This is done in <command>partman</"
"command> in the <guimenu>Partition settings</guimenu> menu where you should "
"select <menuchoice> <guimenu>Use as:</guimenu> <guimenuitem>physical volume "
"for RAID</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>.)"
msgstr ""
"为了创建 MD 设备，您需要将期望的分区标记为供 RAID 使用。(通过 "
"<guimenu>Partition settings</guimenu> 菜单的 <command>partman</command> 完"
"成，您应该选择 <menuchoice> <guimenu>Use as:</guimenu> <guimenuitem>physical "
"volume for RAID</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>。)"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1298
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Make sure that the system can be booted with the partitioning scheme you are "
"planning. In general it will be necessary to create a separate file system "
"for <filename>/boot</filename> when using RAID for the root (<filename>/</"
"filename>) file system. Most boot loaders <phrase arch=\"x86\">(including "
"lilo and grub)</phrase> do support mirrored (not striped!) RAID1, so using "
"for example RAID5 for <filename>/</filename> and RAID1 for <filename>/boot</"
"filename> can be an option."
msgstr ""
"请确保系统可以从您规划的分区引导。当使用 RAID 作为根 (<filename>/</"
"filename>) 文件系统时，通常需要创建一个单独的文件系统给 <filename>/boot</"
"filename>。多数的 boot loaders <phrase arch=\"x86\">(包括 lilo 和 grub)</"
"phrase> 支持 mirrored (而非 striped!) RAID1，所以例如使用 RAID5 给 "
"<filename>/</filename> 同时 RAID1 给 <filename>/boot</filename> 是一种方式。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1310
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Support for MD is a relatively new addition to the installer. You may "
"experience problems for some RAID levels and in combination with some "
"bootloaders if you try to use MD for the root (<filename>/</filename>) file "
"system. For experienced users, it may be possible to work around some of "
"these problems by executing some configuration or installation steps "
"manually from a shell."
msgstr ""
"在安装程序中支持 MD 是相对新的功能。如果您尝试结合一些 RAID 类型与启动引导器"
"并将 MD 用于根(<filename>/</filename>)文件系统，您也许会经历一些挫折。对有经"
"验的用户，从 shell 手动地处理一些配置和安装步骤，也许会绕开这些问题。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1319
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Next, you should choose <guimenuitem>Configure software RAID</guimenuitem> "
"from the main <command>partman</command> menu. (The menu will only appear "
"after you mark at least one partition for use as <guimenuitem>physical "
"volume for RAID</guimenuitem>.) On the first screen of <command>mdcfg</"
"command> simply select <guimenuitem>Create MD device</guimenuitem>. You will "
"be presented with a list of supported types of MD devices, from which you "
"should choose one (e.g. RAID1). What follows depends on the type of MD you "
"selected."
msgstr ""
"下一步，您应该从 <command>partman</command> 主菜单选择 "
"<guimenuitem>Configure software RAID</guimenuitem>。(菜单只会在您用 "
"<guimenuitem>physical volume for RAID</guimenuitem> 标记了至少一个分区时出"
"现。)在 <command>mdcfg</command> 第一个画面选择 <guimenuitem>Create MD "
"device</guimenuitem>。您将看到被支持的 MD 设备列表，您应从其中选择一项(如 "
"RAID1)。后续操作会根据您选择的 MD 类型而定。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1332
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"RAID0 is simple &mdash; you will be issued with the list of available RAID "
"partitions and your only task is to select the partitions which will form "
"the MD."
msgstr ""
"RAID0 是简单的 &mdash; 您会看到可用的 RAID 分区，然后您的任务仅是选择那些想要"
"组成 MD 的分区。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1339
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"RAID1 is a bit more tricky. First, you will be asked to enter the number of "
"active devices and the number of spare devices which will form the MD. Next, "
"you need to select from the list of available RAID partitions those that "
"will be active and then those that will be spare. The count of selected "
"partitions must be equal to the number provided few seconds ago. Don't "
"worry. If you make a mistake and select different number of partitions, the "
"&d-i; won't let you continue until you correct the issue."
msgstr ""
"RAID1 需要一些技巧。首先，您将要求输入组成 MD 的活动设备和备用设备数量。其"
"次，您需要从 RAID 可用分区列表中选择哪些是活动分区，哪些是备用的。选择的分区"
"总数必须与之前提供的数目相同。不必担心，如果您出错选择了不同的分区数，&d-i; "
"将不会允许您继续下去，直到纠正错误。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1351
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"RAID5 has a similar setup procedure as RAID1 with the exception that you "
"need to use at least <emphasis>three</emphasis> active partitions."
msgstr ""
"RAID5 的配置过程类似于 RAID1，只是您至少需要<emphasis>三个</emphasis>活动分"
"区。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1359
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"It is perfectly possible to have several types of MD at once. For example, "
"if you have three 200 GB hard drives dedicated to MD, each containing two "
"100 GB partitions, you can combine the first partitions on all three disks "
"into the RAID0 (fast 300 GB video editing partition) and use the other three "
"partitions (2 active and 1 spare) for RAID1 (quite reliable 100 GB partition "
"for <filename>/home</filename>)."
msgstr ""
"完美的解决方案或许是同时使用不同的 MD 类型。例如，您有三块 200 GB 的硬盘打算"
"用于 MD，每块包含两个 100 GB 的分区，您可以将三块硬盘上的第一组分区组成 "
"RAID0 (高速的 300 GB 视频编辑分区)，其余的三个分区(2 个活动 1 个备用)用于 "
"RAID1 (相当可靠的 100 GB 分区用于 <filename>/home</filename>)。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1368
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"After you setup MD devices to your liking, you can <guimenuitem>Finish</"
"guimenuitem> <command>mdcfg</command> to return back to the "
"<command>partman</command> to create filesystems on your new MD devices and "
"assign them the usual attributes like mountpoints."
msgstr ""
"按您需要配置 MD 设备之后，您可以 <guimenuitem>Finish</guimenuitem> "
"<command>mdcfg</command> 返回到 <command>partman</command>，去创建文件系统到"
"您的新 MD 设备，并分配挂载点这样的属性。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:1383
#, no-c-format
msgid "Configuring the Logical Volume Manager (LVM)"
msgstr "配置逻辑卷管理(LVM)"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1384
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you are working with computers at the level of system administrator or "
"<quote>advanced</quote> user, you have surely seen the situation where some "
"disk partition (usually the most important one) was short on space, while "
"some other partition was grossly underused and you had to manage this "
"situation with moving stuff around, symlinking, etc."
msgstr ""
"如果您做计算机系统管理员工作或者<quote>高级</quote>用户，一定遇到过磁盘分区"
"(经常是最重要的那个)空间不足，同时其他的分区却不能平衡使用，然后不得不靠移到"
"或符号链接等方法来折腾。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1392
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"To avoid the described situation you can use Logical Volume Manager (LVM). "
"Simply said, with LVM you can combine your partitions (<firstterm>physical "
"volumes</firstterm> in LVM lingo) to form a virtual disk (so called "
"<firstterm>volume group</firstterm>), which can then be divided into virtual "
"partitions (<firstterm>logical volumes</firstterm>). The point is that "
"logical volumes (and of course underlying volume groups) can span across "
"several physical disks."
msgstr ""
"为了避免上面描述的情况，您可以采用逻辑卷管理(LVM)。简而言之，使用 LVM 可以组"
"合您的分区(<firstterm>物理卷(physical volumes)</firstterm>，LVM 术语)形成一个"
"虚拟盘(称为<firstterm>卷组(volume group)</firstterm>)，它可以被分割成虚拟分区"
"(<firstterm>逻辑卷(logical volumes)</firstterm>)。逻辑卷(当然底层是卷组)的亮"
"点在于它可以跨越多个物理磁盘。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1402
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Now when you realize you need more space for your old 160GB <filename>/home</"
"filename> partition, you can simply add a new 300GB disk to the computer, "
"join it with your existing volume group and then resize the logical volume "
"which holds your <filename>/home</filename> filesystem and voila &mdash; "
"your users have some room again on their renewed 460GB partition. This "
"example is of course a bit oversimplified. If you haven't read it yet, you "
"should consult the <ulink url=\"&url-lvm-howto;\">LVM HOWTO</ulink>."
msgstr ""
"当您认觉得需要更多的空间给已有的 160 GB 的 <filename>/home</filename> 分区"
"时，只需加一个新的 300GB 磁盘到计算机，添加进已经存在的卷组，然后为 "
"<filename>/home</filename> 分区的逻辑卷重新设置尺寸，瞧 &mdash; 您的用户在更"
"新的 460GB 分区上又有了空间。这个例子当然过于简单。如果您还还没有读过，应该查"
"阅 <ulink url=\"&url-lvm-howto;\">LVM HOWTO</ulink>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1413
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"LVM setup in &d-i; is quite simple and completely supported inside "
"<command>partman</command>. First, you have to mark the partition(s) to be "
"used as physical volumes for LVM. This is done in the <guimenu>Partition "
"settings</guimenu> menu where you should select <menuchoice> <guimenu>Use as:"
"</guimenu> <guimenuitem>physical volume for LVM</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>."
msgstr ""
"在 &d-i; 里面设置 LVM 很简单，<command>partman</command> 完全支持。首先，必须"
"为 LVM 标记您的分区为物理卷。这在 <guimenu>Partition settings</guimenu> 菜单"
"里完成，那里您应该选择 <menuchoice> <guimenu>Use as:</guimenu> "
"<guimenuitem>physical volume for LVM</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1422
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"When you return to the main <command>partman</command> screen, you will see "
"a new option <guimenuitem>Configure the Logical Volume Manager</"
"guimenuitem>. When you select that, you will first be asked to confirm "
"pending changes to the partition table (if any) and after that the LVM "
"configuration menu will be shown. Above the menu a summary of the LVM "
"configuration is shown. The menu itself is context sensitive and only shows "
"valid actions. The possible actions are:"
msgstr ""
"当您返回 <command>partman</command> 主界面，将看到一个新选项 "
"<guimenuitem>Configure the Logical Volume Manager</guimenuitem>。选择它，首先"
"会被要求确认修改分区表(如果有的话)，然后 LVM 配置菜单才显示出来。菜单上部显示"
"了 LVM 配置的小结。菜单项本身是与内容相关，只显示可用的操作。可能的操作有："

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1433
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"<guimenuitem>Display configuration details</guimenuitem>: shows LVM device "
"structure, names and sizes of logical volumes and more"
msgstr ""
"<guimenuitem>Display configuration details</guimenuitem>: 显示 LVM 设备结构，"
"名称和逻辑卷尺寸等"

#. Tag: guimenuitem
#: using-d-i.xml:1438
#, no-c-format
msgid "Create volume group"
msgstr "Create volume group"

#. Tag: guimenuitem
#: using-d-i.xml:1441
#, no-c-format
msgid "Create logical volume"
msgstr "Create logical volume"

#. Tag: guimenuitem
#: using-d-i.xml:1444
#, no-c-format
msgid "Delete volume group"
msgstr "Delete volume group"

#. Tag: guimenuitem
#: using-d-i.xml:1447
#, no-c-format
msgid "Delete logical volume"
msgstr "Delete logical volume"

#. Tag: guimenuitem
#: using-d-i.xml:1450
#, no-c-format
msgid "Extend volume group"
msgstr "Extend volume group"

#. Tag: guimenuitem
#: using-d-i.xml:1453
#, no-c-format
msgid "Reduce volume group"
msgstr "Reduce volume group"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1455
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"<guimenuitem>Finish</guimenuitem>: return to the main <command>partman</"
"command> screen"
msgstr ""
"<guimenuitem>Finish</guimenuitem>: 返回 <command>partman</command> 主界面"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1461
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Use the options in that menu to first create a volume group and then create "
"your logical volumes inside it."
msgstr "使用该菜单内的选项首先创建卷组，然后在里面创建逻辑卷。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1466
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"After you return to the main <command>partman</command> screen, any created "
"logical volumes will be displayed in the same way as ordinary partitions "
"(and you should treat them as such)."
msgstr ""
"返回到 <command>partman</command> 的主界面之后，可以看到新建的逻辑卷与其他普"
"通的分区一样(您也应该这样对待它们)。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:1480
#, no-c-format
msgid "Configuring Encrypted Volumes"
msgstr "配置加密卷"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1481
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"&d-i; allows you to set up encrypted partitions. Every file you write to "
"such a partition is immediately saved to the device in encrypted form. "
"Access to the encrypted data is granted only after entering the "
"<firstterm>passphrase</firstterm> used when the encrypted partition was "
"originally created. This feature is useful to protect sensitive data in case "
"your laptop or hard drive gets stolen. The thief might get physical access "
"to the hard drive, but without knowing the right passphrase, the data on the "
"hard drive will look like random characters."
msgstr ""
"&d-i; 允许您建立加密分区。写入该分区的每个文件都立即存为加密形式。只有在输入 "
"<firstterm>passphrase</firstterm> 通过认证之后才能访问加密后的数据，口令是在"
"加密分区创建时设置的。该特性用于保护您被盗的便携机或硬盘上的敏感数据。盗贼或"
"许可以访问硬盘，但是没有正确的口令，硬盘上的数据看起来就像是随机的字符。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1493
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The two most important partitions to encrypt are: the home partition, where "
"your private data resides, and the swap partition, where sensitive data "
"might be stored temporarily during operation. Of course, nothing prevents "
"you from encrypting any other partitions that might be of interest. For "
"example <filename>/var</filename> where database servers, mail servers or "
"print servers store their data, or <filename>/tmp</filename> which is used "
"by various programs to store potentially interesting temporary files. Some "
"people may even want to encrypt their whole system. The only exception is "
"the <filename>/boot</filename> partition which must remain unencrypted, "
"because currently there is no way to load the kernel from an encrypted "
"partition."
msgstr ""
"有两个需要加密的重要分区：home 分区，驻留您的私人数据，以及交换分区，敏感的数"
"据在操作时会临时保存在这里。当然，这不影响您加密任何其他的分区。例如，数据库"
"服务器、邮件服务器或打印服务器上用来保存数据的 <filename>/var</filename>。或"
"者 /tmp，很多程序用来保存临时文件。有些人或许需要加密整个系统。惟一的例外是，"
"<filename>/boot</filename> 分区必须保持未加密，这是因为当前没有办法从加密分区"
"加载内核。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1508
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Please note that the performance of encrypted partitions will be less than "
"that of unencrypted ones because the data needs to be decrypted or encrypted "
"for every read or write. The performance impact depends on your CPU speed, "
"chosen cipher and a key length."
msgstr ""
"请注意，加密分区的性能将低于未加密的状态，这是由于数据在每次读写时都要进行加"
"密和解密。性能将与您的 CPU 速度、选择的加密算法和密钥长度紧密相关。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1515
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"To use encryption, you have to create a new partition by selecting some free "
"space in the main partitioning menu. Another option is to choose an existing "
"partition (e.g. a regular partition, an LVM logical volume or a RAID "
"volume). In the <guimenu>Partition settings</guimenu> menu, you need to "
"select <guimenuitem>physical volume for encryption</guimenuitem> at the "
"<menuchoice> <guimenu>Use as:</guimenu> </menuchoice> option. The menu will "
"then change to include several cryptographic options for the partition."
msgstr ""
"为了使用加密，您必须在主分区菜单选择空闲的空间创建一个新分区。另一种是使用现"
"有的分区(例如，普通的分区、一个 LVM 逻辑卷或者 RAID 卷)。在 "
"<guimenu>Partition setting</guimenu> 菜单，您需要选择 <guimenuitem>physical "
"volume for encryption</guimenuitem>，其位于 <menuchoice> <guimenu>Use as:</"
"guimenu> </menuchoice> 选项。菜单将包含分区的加密选项。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1526
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"&d-i; supports several encryption methods. The default method is "
"<firstterm>dm-crypt</firstterm> (included in newer Linux kernels, able to "
"host LVM physical volumes), the other is <firstterm>loop-AES</firstterm> "
"(older, maintained separately from the Linux kernel tree). Unless you have "
"compelling reasons to do otherwise, it is recommended to use the default."
msgstr ""
"&d-i; 支持多种加密方法。默认的方法为 <firstterm>dm-crypt</firstterm> (已经包"
"含在新的 Linux 内核中，用于 LVM 物理卷)，另外一种是 <firstterm>loop-AES</"
"firstterm> (旧方法，在 Linux 内核树之外单独维护)。除非您另有特别的原因，推荐"
"使用默认的方法。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1538
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"First, let's have a look at the options available when you select "
"<userinput>Device-mapper (dm-crypt)</userinput> as the encryption method. As "
"always: when in doubt, use the defaults, because they have been carefully "
"chosen with security in mind."
msgstr ""
"首先，让我们来看看选择 <userinput>Device-mapper (dm-crypt)</userinput> 作为加"
"密方法后可用的选项。一般规律：如果不能确定，就使用默认项，因为它们是经过审慎"
"的安全考虑的选择。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:1548
#, no-c-format
msgid "Encryption: <userinput>aes</userinput>"
msgstr "Encryption: <userinput>aes</userinput>"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1550
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This option lets you select the encryption algorithm (<firstterm>cipher</"
"firstterm>) which will be used to encrypt the data on the partition. &d-i; "
"currently supports the following block ciphers: <firstterm>aes</firstterm>, "
"<firstterm>blowfish</firstterm>, <firstterm>serpent</firstterm>, and "
"<firstterm>twofish</firstterm>. It is beyond the scope of this document to "
"discuss the qualities of these different algorithms, however, it might help "
"your decision to know that in 2000, <emphasis>AES</emphasis> was chosen by "
"the American National Institute of Standards and Technology as the standard "
"encryption algorithm for protecting sensitive information in the 21st "
"century."
msgstr ""
"该选项让您选择加密算法(<firstterm>cipher</firstterm>)，它用来加密分区上的数"
"据。&d-i; 当前支持以下 block ciphers：<firstterm>aes</firstterm>、"
"<firstterm>blowfish</firstterm>、<firstterm>serpent</firstterm> 和 "
"<firstterm>twofish</firstterm>。讨论这些算法的质量超出了本文的范畴，但是，您"
"应该知道，在 2000 年，<emphasis>AES</emphasis> 被 American National "
"Institute of Standards and Technology 选择作为标准的加密算法，用于保护 21 世"
"纪的敏感信息。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:1568
#, no-c-format
msgid "Key size: <userinput>256</userinput>"
msgstr "Key size: <userinput>256</userinput>"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1570
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Here you can specify the length of the encryption key. With a larger key "
"size, the strength of the encryption is generally improved. On the other "
"hand, increasing the length of the key usually has a negative impact on "
"performance. Available key sizes vary depending on the cipher."
msgstr ""
"这里您可以指定密钥长度。使用较长的密钥，加密的能力自然得到提升。另一方面，增"
"加长度自然会降低性能。cipher 决定可用的密钥长度。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:1582
#, no-c-format
msgid "IV algorithm: <userinput>cbc-essiv:sha256</userinput>"
msgstr "IV algorithm: <userinput>cbc-essiv:sha256</userinput>"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1584
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The <firstterm>Initialization Vector</firstterm> or <firstterm>IV</"
"firstterm> algorithm is used in cryptography to ensure that applying the "
"cipher on the same <firstterm>clear text</firstterm> data with the same key "
"always produces a unique <firstterm>cipher text</firstterm>. The idea is to "
"prevent the attacker from deducing information from repeated patterns in the "
"encrypted data."
msgstr ""
"<firstterm>Initialization Vector</firstterm> 或 <firstterm>IV</firstterm> 算"
"法是确保加密过程中用同一个密钥对于同一 <firstterm>clear text</firstterm> 将产"
"生惟一的 <firstterm>cipher text</firstterm>。用于防止攻击者根据加密数据中的重"
"复模板推断信息。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1594
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"From the provided alternatives, the default <userinput>cbc-essiv:sha256</"
"userinput> is currently the least vulnerable to known attacks. Use the other "
"alternatives only when you need to ensure compatibility with some previously "
"installed system that is not able to use newer algorithms."
msgstr ""
"与其替代者比较，默认的 <userinput>cbc-essiv:sha256</userinput> 是当前已知的具"
"有最少的攻击漏洞。您只有在需要保持与以前安装的系统兼容，而它们无法使用新的算"
"法时，才使用其他的算法。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:1606
#, no-c-format
msgid "Encryption key: <userinput>Passphrase</userinput>"
msgstr "Encryption key: <userinput>Passphrase</userinput>"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1608
#, no-c-format
msgid "Here you can choose the type of the encryption key for this partition."
msgstr "这里您可以为分区选择所使用的加密密钥类型。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:1614
#, no-c-format
msgid "Passphrase"
msgstr "Passphrase"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1615
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The encryption key will be computed<footnote> <para> Using a passphrase as "
"the key currently means that the partition will be set up using <ulink url="
"\"&url-luks;\">LUKS</ulink>. </para></footnote> on the basis of a passphrase "
"which you will be able to enter later in the process."
msgstr ""
"加密密钥将基于 passphrase 计算<footnote> <para> 使用 passphrase 作为密钥意味"
"着建立分区是使用 <ulink url=\"&url-luks;\">LUKS</ulink>。</para></footnote>，"
"使用时要求输入。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:1630 using-d-i.xml:1723
#, no-c-format
msgid "Random key"
msgstr "Random key"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1631
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"A new encryption key will be generated from random data each time you try to "
"bring up the encrypted partition. In other words: on every shutdown the "
"content of the partition will be lost as the key is deleted from memory. (Of "
"course, you could try to guess the key with a brute force attack, but unless "
"there is an unknown weakness in the cipher algorithm, it is not achievable "
"in our lifetime.)"
msgstr ""
"当您每次使用加密分区的时候，会从随机数据中生成一个新的加密密钥。换句话说：每"
"次关机驻留在内存里面的密钥删除以后分区上的内容将丢失。(当然，您会猜想该密钥将"
"面临暴力破解，但是除非加密算法中有未知的弱点，这辈子也不会被攻破。)"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1640
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Random keys are useful for swap partitions because you do not need to bother "
"yourself with remembering the passphrase or wiping sensitive information "
"from the swap partition before shutting down your computer. However, it also "
"means that you will <emphasis>not</emphasis> be able to use the "
"<quote>suspend-to-disk</quote> functionality offered by newer Linux kernels "
"as it will be impossible (during a subsequent boot) to recover the suspended "
"data written to the swap partition."
msgstr ""
"随机密钥用于交换分区，这样您就不必为记住 passphrase 或关机前清除交换分区上的"
"敏感信息而费神。然而，这也意味着您将<emphasis>无法</emphasis>使用新 Linux 内"
"核提供的 <quote>suspend-to-disk</quote> 功能，因为它将无法(在下次启动时)恢复"
"写入到交换分区的数据。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:1659 using-d-i.xml:1736
#, no-c-format
msgid "Erase data: <userinput>yes</userinput>"
msgstr "Erase data: <userinput>yes</userinput>"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1661
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Determines whether the content of this partition should be overwritten with "
"random data before setting up the encryption. This is recommended because it "
"might otherwise be possible for an attacker to discern which parts of the "
"partition are in use and which are not. In addition, this will make it "
"harder to recover any leftover data from previous "
"installations<footnote><para> It is believed that the guys from three-letter "
"agencies can restore the data even after several rewrites of the "
"magnetooptical media, though. </para></footnote>."
msgstr ""
"决定在建立加密前是否使用随机数据覆盖分区内容。推荐这种方式，否则攻击者将会发"
"现分区的哪些部分使用而哪些没有使用。另外，这将使安装前的内容很难恢复"
"<footnote><para>据信那些三个缩写字母部门的家伙可以恢复经过多次覆盖的磁记录设"
"备上的数据。</para></footnote>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1681
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you select <menuchoice> <guimenu>Encryption method:</guimenu> "
"<guimenuitem>Loopback (loop-AES)</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>, the menu "
"changes to provide the following options:"
msgstr ""
"如果您选择了 <menuchoice> <guimenu>Encryption method:</guimenu> "
"<guimenuitem>Loopback (loop-AES)</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>，菜单选项将变成"
"下面内容："

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:1690
#, no-c-format
msgid "Encryption: <userinput>AES256</userinput>"
msgstr "Encryption: <userinput>AES256</userinput>"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1692
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"For loop-AES, unlike dm-crypt, the options for cipher and key size are "
"combined, so you can select both at the same time. Please see the above "
"sections on ciphers and key sizes for further information."
msgstr ""
"不像 dm-crypt，loop-AES 选项的 cipher 和密钥长度是组合在一起的，这样您可以同"
"时选取。请查阅前面关于 cipher 和密钥长度的章节了解更多信息。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:1702
#, no-c-format
msgid "Encryption key: <userinput>Keyfile (GnuPG)</userinput>"
msgstr "Encryption key: <userinput>Keyfile (GnuPG)</userinput>"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1704
#, no-c-format
msgid "Here you can select the type of the encryption key for this partition."
msgstr "这里您可以为分区选择加密密钥的类型。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:1710
#, no-c-format
msgid "Keyfile (GnuPG)"
msgstr "Keyfile (GnuPG)"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1711
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The encryption key will be generated from random data during the "
"installation. Moreover this key will be encrypted with <application>GnuPG</"
"application>, so to use it, you will need to enter the proper passphrase "
"(you will be asked to provide one later in the process)."
msgstr ""
"加密密钥会在安装过程中使用随机数据生成。并且该密钥使用 <application>GnuPG</"
"application> 加密。要使用它，您需要输入正确的 passphrase (在以后会要求提供)。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1724
#, no-c-format
msgid "Please see the section on random keys above."
msgstr "请查阅前面有关随机密钥的章节。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1738
#, no-c-format
msgid "Please see the the section on erasing data above."
msgstr "请查阅前面有关删除数据的章节。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1747
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"After you have selected the desired parameters for your encrypted "
"partitions, return back to the main partitioning menu. There should now be a "
"new menu item called <guimenu>Configure encrypted volumes</guimenu>. After "
"you select it, you will be asked to confirm the deletion of data on "
"partitions marked to be erased and possibly other actions such as writing a "
"new partition table. For large partitions this might take some time."
msgstr ""
"当您选择好加密分区参数之后，返回分区主菜单。现在会有一个新的菜单项 "
"<guimenu>Configure encrypted volumes</guimenu>。选择它，您会被要求确认删除所"
"标记分区上的数据，以及写新分区表等动作。对于大的分区，这会花一些时间。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1757
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Next you will be asked to enter a passphrase for partitions configured to "
"use one. Good passphrases should be longer than 8 characters, should be a "
"mixture of letters, numbers and other characters and should not contain "
"common dictionary words or information easily associable with you (such as "
"birthdates, hobbies, pet names, names of family members or relatives, etc.)."
msgstr ""
"接下来，您会被要求输入 passphrase 用于配置的分区。好的口令应该长于 8 个字符，"
"并混合字母、数字和其他字符，而不应该是普通词典中的单词或者容易与您相关的信息"
"(比如生日、爱好、宠物的名字、以及家里其他成员的名字，等等)。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1766
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Before you input any passphrases, you should have made sure that your "
"keyboard is configured correctly and generates the expected characters. If "
"you are unsure, you can switch to the second virtual console and type some "
"text at the prompt. This ensures that you won't be surprised later, e.g. by "
"trying to input a passphrase using a qwerty keyboard layout when you used an "
"azerty layout during the installation. This situation can have several "
"causes. Maybe you switched to another keyboard layout during the "
"installation, or the selected keyboard layout might not have been set up yet "
"when entering the passphrase for the root file system."
msgstr ""
"在输入任何 passphrase 之前，您应该确定键盘配置正确可以输入所需要的字符。如果"
"您不能肯定，可以切换到第二虚拟控制台，在提示符下敲一些文字。这能保证您以后不"
"必惊慌失措，例如，想要使用 qwerty 键盘输入的 passphrase，而在安装时却使用的"
"是 azerty 布局。造成的原因有多种。也许是您在安装过程中改变了键盘布局，或者是"
"所选择的键盘布局未能正确建立，而且是在为根文件系统输入 passphrase 的时候。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1779
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you selected to use methods other than a passphrase to create encryption "
"keys, they will be generated now. Because the kernel may not have gathered a "
"sufficient amount of entropy at this early stage of the installation, the "
"process may take a long time. You can help speed up the process by "
"generating entropy: e.g. by pressing random keys, or by switching to the "
"shell on the second virtual console and generating some network and disk "
"traffic (downloading some files, feeding big files into <filename>/dev/null</"
"filename>, etc.). This will be repeated for each partition to be encrypted."
msgstr ""
"如果您选择 passphrase 之外的方法创建加密密钥，它们现在就会生成。因为内核在安"
"装的早期阶段还没有足够的熵，过程会长一些。您可以产生一些熵以加快速度：例如，"
"随机的按下一些键，或者切换到第二虚拟控制台的 shell 产生一些网络或磁盘的动作"
"(下载一些文件，将一些大文件送到 <filename>/dev/null</filename> 等等)。这个过"
"程在每个要加密的分区重复进行。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1795
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"After returning to the main partitioning menu, you will see all encrypted "
"volumes as additional partitions which can be configured in the same way as "
"ordinary partitions. The following example shows two different volumes. The "
"first one is encrypted via dm-crypt, the second one via loop-AES. "
"<informalexample><screen>\n"
"Encrypted volume (<replaceable>sda2_crypt</replaceable>) - 115.1 GB Linux "
"device-mapper\n"
"     #1 115.1 GB  F ext3\n"
"\n"
"Loopback (<replaceable>loop0</replaceable>) - 515.2 MB AES256 keyfile\n"
"     #1 515.2 MB  F ext3\n"
"</screen></informalexample> Now is the time to assign mount points to the "
"volumes and optionally change the file system types if the defaults do not "
"suit you."
msgstr ""
"返回主分区菜单后，您将看到所有的加密卷作为额外的分区，它们可以像其他的普通分"
"区一样配置。下面例子中显示了两种不同的卷。第一个是使用 dm-crypt 加密的，第二"
"个采用 loop-AES。<informalexample><screen>\n"
"Encrypted volume (<replaceable>sda2_crypt</replaceable>) - 115.1 GB Linux "
"device-mapper\n"
"     #1 115.1 GB  F ext3\n"
"\n"
"Loopback (<replaceable>loop0</replaceable>) - 515.2 MB AES256 keyfile\n"
"     #1 515.2 MB  F ext3\n"
"</screen></informalexample> 现在可以给卷设置挂载点，如果默认的文件系统类型对"
"您不合适，可以进行修改。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1808
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"One thing to note here are the identifiers in parentheses "
"(<replaceable>sda2_crypt</replaceable> and <replaceable>loop0</replaceable> "
"in this case) and the mount points you assigned to each encrypted volume. "
"You will need this information later when booting the new system. The "
"differences between ordinary boot process and boot process with encryption "
"involved will be covered later in <xref linkend=\"mount-encrypted-volumes\"/"
">."
msgstr ""
"这里有一点要注意，即 parentheses 里的标识(本例中 <replaceable>sda2_crypt</"
"replaceable> 和 <replaceable>loop0</replaceable>)，以及您为每个加密卷所设置的"
"加载点。当启动新系统的时候您会需要此信息。有关普通引导过程和使用加密后引导过"
"程的差异，将在后面的 <xref linkend=\"mount-encrypted-volumes\"/> 说明。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1818
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Once you are satisfied with the partitioning scheme, continue with the "
"installation."
msgstr "当您满意分区之后，可以继续安装过程。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:1829
#, no-c-format
msgid "Installing the Base System"
msgstr "安装基本系统"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1830
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Although this stage is the least problematic, it consumes a significant "
"fraction of the install because it downloads, verifies and unpacks the whole "
"base system. If you have a slow computer or network connection, this could "
"take some time."
msgstr ""
"尽管这一阶段少有问题，但却需要大量时间用于整个基本系统的下载、校验和解包。如"
"果您用较慢的计算机或网络，这要花费好一会儿时间。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1843
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"During installation of the base system, package unpacking and setup messages "
"are redirected to <userinput>tty4</userinput>. You can access this terminal "
"by pressing <keycombo><keycap>Left Alt</keycap><keycap>F4</keycap></"
"keycombo>; get back to the main installer process with "
"<keycombo><keycap>Left Alt</keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo>."
msgstr ""
"在基本系统安装期间，软件包解包和配置信息重定向到 <userinput>tty4</"
"userinput>。您可以通过按下 <keycombo><keycap>左 Alt</keycap><keycap>F4</"
"keycap></keycombo> 访问该终端；返回主安装进程使用 <keycombo><keycap>左 Alt</"
"keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1852
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The unpack/setup messages generated during this phase are also saved in "
"<filename>/var/log/syslog</filename>. You can check them there if the "
"installation is performed over a serial console."
msgstr ""
"在安装程序通过串口控制台执行的情况下，基本系统安装时解包/配置信息保存在 "
"<filename>/var/log/syslog</filename>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1858
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"As part of the installation, a Linux kernel will be installed. At the "
"default priority, the installer will choose one for you that best matches "
"your hardware. In lower priority modes, you will be able to choose from a "
"list of available kernels."
msgstr ""
"作为安装的一部分，Linux 内核也要安装。在默认的优先级下，安装程序会选择一个与"
"您硬件最匹配的内核。在较低的优先级下，您可以从列表中选择一个有效的内核。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:1870
#, no-c-format
msgid "Setting Up Users And Passwords"
msgstr "设置用户和密码"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1871
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"After the base system has been installed, the installer will allow you to "
"set up the <quote>root</quote> account and/or an account for the first user. "
"Other user accounts can be created after the installation has been completed."
msgstr ""
"系统安装之后，安装程序要求您创建 <quote>root</quote> 帐号和/或第一个用户帐"
"号。其他的用户帐号可以在安装完成之后创建。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:1885
#, no-c-format
msgid "Set the Root Password"
msgstr "设置 root 密码"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1889
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The <emphasis>root</emphasis> account is also called the <emphasis>super-"
"user</emphasis>; it is a login that bypasses all security protection on your "
"system. The root account should only be used to perform system "
"administration, and only used for as short a time as possible."
msgstr ""
"<emphasis>root</emphasis> 帐户也被称为<emphasis>超级用户</emphasis>；系统中的"
"所有的安全防护措施对以该身份登录的都是无效的。root 帐户应该仅用来进行系统管"
"理，而且使用时间应该尽可能短。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1897
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Any password you create should contain at least 6 characters, and should "
"contain both upper- and lower-case characters, as well as punctuation "
"characters. Take extra care when setting your root password, since it is "
"such a powerful account. Avoid dictionary words or use of any personal "
"information which could be guessed."
msgstr ""
"您所创建的任何密码都应该包含至少 6 个字符，同时包含大小写字母，并且最好带有标"
"点符号等特殊字符。因为超级用户具有最高权限，因此在您设置 root 密码时尤其需要"
"小心。请避免采用能够在字典中查到的单词或者很容易猜测的个人信息。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1905
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If anyone ever tells you they need your root password, be extremely wary. "
"You should normally never give your root password out, unless you are "
"administering a machine with more than one system administrator."
msgstr ""
"如果他人向您索取您的 root 密码，也需要特别谨慎。除非您所管理的系统有多位管理"
"员，否则通常不应该将超级用户密码交给别人。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:1915
#, no-c-format
msgid "Create an Ordinary User"
msgstr "创建一个普通用户"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1917
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The system will ask you whether you wish to create an ordinary user account "
"at this point. This account should be your main personal log-in. You should "
"<emphasis>not</emphasis> use the root account for daily use or as your "
"personal login."
msgstr ""
"系统会询问您现在是否希望创建一个普通帐户。您将使用该帐户进行日常登录操作。切"
"记，平时<emphasis>不要</emphasis>使用 root 帐户登录或者将其作为个人帐号使用。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1926
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Why not? Well, one reason to avoid using root's privileges is that it is "
"very easy to do irreparable damage as root. Another reason is that you might "
"be tricked into running a <emphasis>Trojan-horse</emphasis> program &mdash; "
"that is a program that takes advantage of your super-user powers to "
"compromise the security of your system behind your back. Any good book on "
"Unix system administration will cover this topic in more detail &mdash; "
"consider reading one if it is new to you."
msgstr ""
"为什么呢？避免使用 root 特权帐户的一个原因是，它很容易对系统造成无法挽回的破"
"坏。另一个原因是，您有可能被恶意诱使运行<emphasis>特洛伊木马</emphasis>程序 "
"&mdash; 这是一种利用超级用户权限在您未知的情况下损害系统安全的程序。任何合格"
"的 Unix 系统管理书籍中都会涉及到这一主题 &mdash; 如果您不是很了解这方面的内"
"容，建议找一本进行学习。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1936
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"You will first be prompted for the user's full name. Then you'll be asked "
"for a name for the user account; generally your first name or something "
"similar will suffice and indeed will be the default. Finally, you will be "
"prompted for a password for this account."
msgstr ""
"您首先会被要求输入用户的全名。然后要求输入用户帐号名；通常您的名字或者类似的"
"便满足要求，并为缺省值。最后，您将要求输入该帐号的密码。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1943
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If at any point after installation you would like to create another account, "
"use the <command>adduser</command> command."
msgstr ""
"如果在安装完毕后还希望建立其它新帐户，请使用 <command>adduser</command> 命"
"令。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:1954
#, no-c-format
msgid "Installing Additional Software"
msgstr "安装额外的软件"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1955
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"At this point you have a usable but limited system. Most users will want to "
"install additional software on the system to tune it to their needs, and the "
"installer allows you do so. This step can take even longer than installing "
"the base system if you have a slow computer or network connection."
msgstr ""
"现在，您拥有了一个可用但有限的系统。大多数用户会安装额外的软件，并根据他们的"
"需求进行调整，安装程序允许您这么做。如果您的电脑或网络比较慢，这一步或许比安"
"装基本系统还要花时间。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:1970
#, no-c-format
msgid "Configuring apt"
msgstr "配置 apt"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1972
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"One of the tools used to install packages on a &debian; system is a program "
"called <command>apt-get</command>, from the <classname>apt</classname> "
"package<footnote> <para> Note that the program which actually installs the "
"packages is called <command>dpkg</command>. However, this program is more of "
"a low-level tool. <command>apt-get</command> is a higher-level tool, which "
"will invoke <command>dpkg</command> as appropriate. It knows how to retrieve "
"packages from your CD, the network, or wherever. It is also able to "
"automatically install other packages which are required to make the package "
"you're trying to install work correctly. </para> </footnote>. Other front-"
"ends for package management, like <command>aptitude</command> and "
"<command>synaptic</command>, are also in use. These front-ends are "
"recommended for new users, since they integrate some additional features "
"(package searching and status checks) in a nice user interface. In fact, "
"<command>aptitude</command> is now the recommended utility for package "
"management."
msgstr ""
"在 &debian; 系统上，<command>apt-get</command> 是一个人们用来安装软件包的程"
"序，它被包含在 <classname>apt</classname> 软件包中<footnote> <para> 其实，真"
"正用来安装软件包的程序是 <command>dpkg</command>。但这是一个比较底层的工具。"
"<command>apt-get</command> 是一个高级工具，它可以在适当的时候调用 "
"<command>dpkg</command>。它知道从您的光盘、网络或其它地方获取软件包。它还可以"
"在安装某个软件包时自动安装所需的其它软件包。</para> </footnote>。其他的包管理"
"前端程序，像 <command>aptitude</command> 和 <command>synaptic</command> 也在"
"使用。这些前端软件推荐给新用户使用，因为它们在良好的用户界面下集成了一些其他"
"特性(搜索包与状态检验)。事实上，<command>aptitude</command> 现在已经建议作为"
"软件包管理工具使用。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:1996
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"<command>apt</command> must be configured so that it knows from where to "
"retrieve packages. The results of this configuration are written to the file "
"<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. You can examine and edit this "
"file to your liking after the installation is complete."
msgstr ""
"您必须设置 <command>apt</command>，使它明白该从哪里获取软件包。设置的结果写入"
"到 <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> 文件里面，安装完成后您可以检查"
"并编辑成自己喜欢的地方。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2003
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you are installing at default priority, the installer will largely take "
"care of the configuration automatically, based on the installation method "
"you are using and possibly using choices made earlier in the installation. "
"In most cases the installer will automatically add a security mirror and, if "
"you are installing the stable distribution, a mirror for the "
"<quote>volatile</quote> update service."
msgstr ""
"如果您在默认优先级下进行安装，安装程序会自动处理大部分配置，它是根据您使用的"
"安装方法以及在安装开始时所做的选择。如果您安装的是稳定版，大多数情况下安装程"
"序程序会自动加上安全镜像，它是 <quote>volatile</quote> 更新服务的镜像。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2012
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you are installing at a lower priority (e.g. in expert mode), you will be "
"able to make more decisions yourself. You can choose whether or not to use "
"the security and/or volatile update services, and you can choose to add "
"packages from the <quote>contrib</quote> and <quote>non-free</quote> "
"sections of the archive."
msgstr ""
"如果您采用较低的优先级安装 (比如，expert 模式)，就要自己做更多的判定。您可以"
"选择是否使用安全、或者 volatile 更新服务，并能选择从 <quote>contrib</quote> "
"和 <quote>non-free</quote> 软件仓库里面添加软件包。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2023
#, no-c-format
msgid "Installing from more than one CD or DVD"
msgstr "从多个 CD 或 DVD 安装"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2025
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you are installing from a CD or a DVD that is part of a larger set, the "
"installer will ask if you want to scan additional CDs or DVDs. If you have "
"additional CDs or DVDs available, you probably want to do this so the "
"installer can use the packages included on them."
msgstr ""
"假如从一张 CD 或 DVD 安装，而它只属于所要安装程序的一部分，安装程序会询问您是"
"否需要检测其他的 CD 或 DVD。如果您手头有这些光盘，检测后安装程序就可以使用它"
"们里面的软件包了。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2032
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you do not have any additional CDs or DVDs, that is no problem: using "
"them is not required. If you also do not use a network mirror (as explained "
"in the next section), it can mean that not all packages belonging to the "
"tasks you select in the next step of the installation can be installed."
msgstr ""
"假如您没有这些 CD 或 DVD，也没关系：它们不是必须的。如果您也不使用网络镜像(下"
"节说明)，意味着下一步中选择的任务里面并非所有的软件包都会安装。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2040
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Packages are included on CDs (and DVDs) in the order of their popularity. "
"This means that for most uses only the first CDs in a set are needed and "
"that only very few people actually use any of the packages included on the "
"last CDs in a set."
msgstr ""
"CD(和 DVD) 里面包含的软件包按照流行程度排列次序。也就是说，第一张光盘里面是最"
"常用的软件，而最后一张光盘里面包含的是很少有人用到的软件。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2047
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"It also means that buying or downloading and burning a full CD set is just a "
"waste of money as you'll never use most of them. In most cases you are "
"better off getting only the first 3 to 8 CDs and installing any additional "
"packages you may need from the Internet by using a mirror. The same goes for "
"DVD sets: the first DVD, or maybe the first two DVDs will cover most needs."
msgstr ""
"这也意味着购买或者下载刻录所有 CD 是一种浪费，因为大部分光盘您根本不会用到。"
"多数情况下，只需要使用前 3 到 8 张 CD，然后从网络镜像安装其他要用的软件包。"
"DVD 的情况类似：只要一张，或者前两张 DVD 就能满足您大部分要求。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2056
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"A good rule of thumb is that for a regular desktop installation (using the "
"GNOME desktop environment) only the first three CDs are needed. For the "
"alternative desktop environments (KDE or Xfce), additional CDs are needed. "
"The first DVD easily covers all three desktop environments."
msgstr ""
"根据经验，常见的桌面安装(使用 GNOME 桌面环境)只需要前三张 CD。其他的桌面环境"
"(KDE 或 Xfce)，就需要额外的 CD。而第一张 DVD 就可以轻松地满足所有的三种桌面环"
"境。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2064
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you do scan multiple CDs or DVDs, the installer will prompt you to "
"exchange them when it needs packages from another CD/DVD than the one "
"currently in the drive. Note that only CDs or DVDs that belong to the same "
"set should be scanned. The order in which they are scanned does not really "
"matter, but scanning them in ascending order will reduce the chance of "
"mistakes."
msgstr ""
"如果您检测了多张 CD 或 DVD，安装程序会在需要其他盘上的软件包时，提示您换盘。"
"注意，只有同属于一个套件的 CD 或 DVD 需要检测。检测的次序并不是非常重要，但按"
"照次序来可以降低出错的几率。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2077
#, no-c-format
msgid "Using a network mirror"
msgstr "使用网络镜像"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2079
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"One question that will be asked during most installs is whether or not to "
"use a network mirror as a source for packages. In most cases the default "
"answer should be fine, but there are some exceptions."
msgstr ""
"多数安装下会有一个问题被问到，是否需要使用网络镜像作为软件包的源。多数情况下"
"默认答案会很好，但还是有一些例外。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2085
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you are <emphasis>not</emphasis> installing from a full CD or DVD or "
"using a full CD/DVD image, you really should use a network mirror as "
"otherwise you will end up with only a very minimal system. However, if you "
"have a limited Internet connection it is best <emphasis>not</emphasis> to "
"select the <literal>desktop</literal> task in the next step of the "
"installation."
msgstr ""
"如果<emphasis>没有</emphasis>使用完整版的 CD 或 DVD，或者完整版的 CD/DVD 映"
"像，您就应该使用网络镜像，否则只能得到一个有限的系统。然而，假如您有互联网连"
"接限制，在安装过程的下一步最好<emphasis>不要</emphasis>选择 "
"<literal>desktop</literal> 任务。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2094
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you are installing from a single full CD or using a full CD image, using "
"a network mirror is not required, but is still strongly recommended because "
"a single CD contains only a fairly limited number of packages. If you have a "
"limited Internet connection it may still be best to <emphasis>not</emphasis> "
"select a network mirror here, but to finish the installation using only "
"what's available on the CD and selectively install additional packages after "
"the installation (i.e. after you have rebooted into the new system)."
msgstr ""
"如果您是从完整的 CD 或 CD 映像安装，虽然添加网络镜像并不是必须的，但仍建议您"
"采用，这是因为单张 CD 所能容纳的软件包数量是有限的。假如您有互联网连接限制，"
"这里最好<emphasis>不要</emphasis>选择网络镜像，只使用当前 CD 上的软件包完成安"
"装，以后(比如，重新启动到新系统)再安装额外的软件包。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2105
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you are installing from a DVD or using a DVD image, any packages needed "
"during the installation should be present on the first DVD. The same is true "
"if you have scanned multiple CDs as explained in the previous section. Use "
"of a network mirror is optional."
msgstr ""
"如果您从 DVD 或使用 DVD 映象安装，安装过程中需要的软件包都应该在第一张 DVD 里"
"面。如果您如前面章节所述检测了多张 CD，情况也是一样的。网络镜像的使用是一个选"
"项。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2112
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"One advantage of adding a network mirror is that updates that have occurred "
"since the CD/DVD set was created and have been included in a point release, "
"will become available for installation, thus extending the life of your CD/"
"DVD set without compromising the security or stability of the installed "
"system."
msgstr ""
"添加网络镜像的优势在于有些内容已经更新，而 CD/DVD 只是在版本发布时创建，所以"
"可以安装已经更新的内容，确保了系统的安全性和稳定性。。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2119
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"In summary: selecting a network mirror is generally a good idea, except if "
"you do not have a good Internet connection. If the current version of a "
"package is available from CD/DVD, the installer will always use that. The "
"amount of data that will be downloaded if you do select a mirror thus "
"depends on"
msgstr ""
"总结：除非您不具备良好的互联网连接，选择网络镜像通常是一个好主意。如果 CD/"
"DVD 上有软件包当前的版本，安装程序总会从这里安装。如果您选择了镜像，需要下载"
"的数据量取决于"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2128
#, no-c-format
msgid "the tasks you select in the next step of the installation,"
msgstr "安装下一步选择的任务，"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2133
#, no-c-format
msgid "which packages are needed for those tasks,"
msgstr "这些任务所需的软件包，"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2138
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"which of those packages are present on the CDs or DVDs you have scanned, and"
msgstr "已检测的 CD 或 DVD 上的软件包，并且"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2143
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"whether any updated versions of packages included on the CDs or DVDs are "
"available from a mirror (either a regular package mirror, or a mirror for "
"security or volatile updates)."
msgstr ""
"CD 或 DVD 上面的软件包在网络镜像里面是否有更新版本(普通软件包的网络镜像，或者"
"安全更新的镜像)。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2152
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Note that the last point means that, even if you choose not to use a network "
"mirror, some packages may still be downloaded from the Internet if there is "
"a security or volatile update available for them and those services have "
"been configured."
msgstr ""
"注意，最后一点意味着，即使您没有选择使用网络镜像，如果配置了安全检测服务，并"
"且软件包有安全更新，仍然会从互联网下载更新后的软件包。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2168
#, no-c-format
msgid "Selecting and Installing Software"
msgstr "选择和安装软件"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2170
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"During the installation process, you are given the opportunity to select "
"additional software to install. Rather than picking individual software "
"packages from the &num-of-distrib-pkgs; available packages, this stage of "
"the installation process focuses on selecting and installing predefined "
"collections of software to quickly set up your computer to perform various "
"tasks."
msgstr ""
"安装过程中，您有机会选择安装额外的软件包。不像从 &num-of-distrib-pkgs; 个软件"
"包里面里面选择单独的软件包，这一阶段安装过程着眼于安装一组预先定义的软件包，"
"来快速建立您的计算机应对各种任务。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2179
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"So, you have the ability to choose <emphasis>tasks</emphasis> first, and "
"then add on more individual packages later. These tasks loosely represent a "
"number of different jobs or things you want to do with your computer, such "
"as <quote>Desktop environment</quote>, <quote>Web server</quote>, or "
"<quote>Print server</quote><footnote> <para> You should know that to present "
"this list, the installer is merely invoking the <command>tasksel</command> "
"program. It can be run at any time after installation to install more "
"packages (or remove them), or you can use a more fine-grained tool such as "
"<command>aptitude</command>. If you are looking for a specific single "
"package, after installation is complete, simply run <userinput>aptitude "
"install <replaceable>package</replaceable></userinput>, where "
"<replaceable>package</replaceable> is the name of the package you are "
"looking for. </para> </footnote>. <xref linkend=\"tasksel-size-list\"/> "
"lists the space requirements for the available tasks."
msgstr ""
"于是，您可以先选择<emphasis>任务</emphasis>，然后再单独添加软件包。任务松散地"
"代表了您要在计算机上从事的一系列工作，比如<quote>桌面环境</quote>、"
"<quote>Web 服务器</quote>或者<quote>打印服务器</quote><footnote> <para> 您应"
"该知道，呈现这个列表，安装程序仅仅是执行 <command>tasksel</command> 程序。它"
"可以在安装之后的任何时间安装(或删除)其他软件包，或者使用更精致的工具，例如 "
"<command>aptitude</command>。如果您需要一个特定的软件包，在安装之后，只须执"
"行 <userinput>aptitude install <replaceable>package</replaceable></"
"userinput>，其中 <replaceable>package</replaceable> 是您需要的软件包名。</"
"para> </footnote>。<xref linkend=\"tasksel-size-list\"/> 列出了各种任务所需的"
"空间。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2206
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Some tasks may be pre-selected based on the characteristics of the computer "
"you are installing. If you disagree with these selections you can deselect "
"them. You can even opt to install no tasks at all at this point."
msgstr ""
"注意，根据所安装电脑的特征，有些任务被预先选择。如果您不需要它们，可以取消这"
"些任务。此时甚至可以不选中任何任务。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2213
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Unless you are using the special KDE or Xfce CDs, the <quote>Desktop "
"environment</quote> task will install the GNOME desktop environment."
msgstr ""
"除非选择 KDE 或 Xfce CD，<quote>Desktop environment</quote> 任务将安装 GNOME "
"桌面环境。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2220
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"It is not possible to interactively select a different desktop during the "
"installation. However, it <emphasis>is</emphasis> possible to get &d-i; to "
"install a KDE desktop environment instead of GNOME by using preseeding (see "
"<xref linkend=\"preseed-pkgsel\"/>) or by adding the parameter "
"<literal>desktop=kde</literal> at the boot prompt when starting the "
"installer. Alternatively the more lightweight Xfce desktop environment can "
"be selected by using <literal>desktop=xfce</literal>."
msgstr ""
"在安装过程中无法交互式地选择另外一种桌面。然而，却 <emphasis>可以</emphasis> "
"通过预置(见 <xref linkend=\"preseed-pkgsel\"/>)或添加一个 "
"<literal>desktop=kde</literal> 引导参数给安装程序，让 &d-i; 安装 KDE 桌面环境"
"而不是 GNOME。另外，轻量级的 Xfce 桌面环境可以选为 <literal>desktop=xfce</"
"literal>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2230
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Note that this will only work if the packages needed for KDE or Xfce are "
"actually available. If you are installing using a single full CD image, they "
"will need to be downloaded from a mirror as most needed packages are only "
"included on later CDs; installing KDE or Xfce this way should work fine if "
"you are using a DVD image or any other installation method."
msgstr ""
"注意，这只在 KDE 或 Xfce 软件包可以获得的情况下有效。假如您安装时使用单个 CD "
"映象，它们就像其他光盘上的软件包一样需要从网络镜像下载；这种方式安装 KDE 或 "
"Xfce 同样适用于 DVD 映象或其他的安装方法。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2238
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The various server tasks will install software roughly as follows. DNS "
"server: <classname>bind9</classname>; File server: <classname>samba</"
"classname>, <classname>nfs</classname>; Mail server: <classname>exim4</"
"classname>, <classname>spamassassin</classname>, <classname>uw-imap</"
"classname>; Print server: <classname>cups</classname>; SQL database: "
"<classname>postgresql</classname>; Web server: <classname>apache</classname>."
msgstr ""
"各种服务器任务大概会安装这些软件。DNS 服务器：<classname>bind9</classname>；"
"文件服务器：<classname>samba</classname>、<classname>nfs</classname>；邮件服"
"务器：<classname>exim4</classname>、<classname>spamassassin</classname>、"
"<classname>uw-imap</classname>；打印服务器：<classname>cups</classname>；SQL "
"服务器：<classname>postgresql</classname>：Web 服务器：<classname>apache</"
"classname>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2250
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Once you've selected your tasks, select &BTN-CONT;. At this point, "
"<command>aptitude</command> will install the packages that are part of the "
"tasks you've selected."
msgstr ""
"一旦您确定了任务，请选择 &BTN-CONT;。此时，<command>aptitude</command> 将安装"
"选中的软件包。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2257
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"In the standard user interface of the installer, you can use the space bar "
"to toggle selection of a task."
msgstr "在安装程序的标准用户界面下，您可以使用空格键切换任务的选择。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2263
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"You should be aware that especially the Desktop task is very large. "
"Especially when installing from a normal CD-ROM in combination with a mirror "
"for packages not on the CD-ROM, the installer may want to retrieve a lot of "
"packages over the network. If you have a relatively slow Internet "
"connection, this can take a long time. There is no option to cancel the "
"installation of packages once it has started."
msgstr ""
"您应当清楚桌面任务非常巨大。特别是当使用 CD-ROM 而安装 CD-ROM 上没有的软件"
"包，安装程序将从网上下载大量的软件包。如果您的互联网接入较慢，这将花很长时"
"间。一旦启动，安装软件包过程将无法取消。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2272
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Even when packages are included on the CD-ROM, the installer may still "
"retrieve them from the mirror if the version available on the mirror is more "
"recent than the one included on the CD-ROM. If you are installing the stable "
"distribution, this can happen after a point release (an update of the "
"original stable release); if you are installing the testing distribution "
"this will happen if you are using an older image."
msgstr ""
"即使软件包在 CD-ROM 上，如果镜像服务器上的版本更新，安装程序还是会从镜像上获"
"取这些软件包。如果您安装的是稳定版，这会出现在次版本发布之后(主稳定版本的更"
"新)；如果您安装的是测试版本，这会出现在使用旧映像安装时。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2281
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Each package you selected with <command>tasksel</command> is downloaded, "
"unpacked and then installed in turn by the <command>apt-get</command> and "
"<command>dpkg</command> programs. If a particular program needs more "
"information from the user, it will prompt you during this process."
msgstr ""
"通过 <command>tasksel</command> 选择的每个软件包，都是使用 <command>apt-get</"
"command> 和 <command>dpkg</command> 程序依次进行下载、解压和安装。如果某个程"
"序需要用户提供信息，它会在此过程中给出提示。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2294
#, no-c-format
msgid "Making Your System Bootable"
msgstr "创建启动系统"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2296
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you are installing a diskless workstation, obviously, booting off the "
"local disk isn't a meaningful option, and this step will be skipped. <phrase "
"arch=\"sparc\">You may wish to set OpenBoot to boot from the network by "
"default; see <xref linkend=\"boot-dev-select-sun\"/>.</phrase>"
msgstr ""
"如果您是安装无盘工作站，显然，从本机启动是没有意义的选项，这一步可以跳过。"
"<phrase arch=\"sparc\">您也许希望默认设置 OpenBoot 为网络启动；参阅 <xref "
"linkend=\"boot-dev-select-sun\"/>。</phrase>"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2311
#, no-c-format
msgid "Detecting other operating systems"
msgstr "检测其他的操作系统"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2313
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Before a boot loader is installed, the installer will attempt to probe for "
"other operating systems which are installed on the machine. If it finds a "
"supported operating system, you will be informed of this during the boot "
"loader installation step, and the computer will be configured to boot this "
"other operating system in addition to Debian."
msgstr ""
"在 boot loader 安装之前，安装程序会试着侦测已经安装到计算机上的其他操作系统。"
"如果它找到支持的操作系统，您将在启动 boot loader 安装步骤里得到提示。与 "
"Debian 一起，计算机也将配置为可以启动其他操作系统。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2321
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Note that multiple operating systems booting on a single machine is still "
"something of a black art. The automatic support for detecting and setting up "
"boot loaders to boot other operating systems varies by architecture and even "
"by subarchitecture. If it does not work you should consult your boot "
"manager's documentation for more information."
msgstr ""
"注意，从单机上启动多个操作系统仍然是黑色艺术。自动支持检测和设置 boot loader "
"启动其他操作系统，会依系统甚至是子系统而变化。如果它不能工作，您应该参考启动"
"管理器的文档了解更多信息。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2339
#, no-c-format
msgid "Install <command>aboot</command> on a Hard Disk"
msgstr "安装 <command>aboot</command> 到硬盘上"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2340
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you have booted from SRM and you select this option, the installer will "
"write <command>aboot</command> to the first sector of the disk on which you "
"installed Debian. Be <emphasis>very</emphasis> careful &mdash; it is "
"<emphasis>not</emphasis> possible to boot multiple operating systems (e.g. "
"GNU/Linux, Free/Open/NetBSD, OSF/1 a.k.a. Digital Unix a.k.a. Tru64 Unix, or "
"OpenVMS) from the same disk. If you also have a different operating system "
"installed on the disk where you have installed Debian, you will have to boot "
"GNU/Linux from a floppy instead."
msgstr ""
"如果您从 SRM 启动，并选择该项，安装程序将写入 <command>aboot</command> 到安"
"装 Debian 磁盘的第一个扇区。要<emphasis>特别</emphasis>小心 &mdash; 它也许"
"<emphasis>不能</emphasis>从同一个磁盘上启动多个操作系统(如，GNU/Linux、Free/"
"Open/NetBSD、OSF/1 又名 Digital Unix 又名 Tru64 Unix 或 OpenVMS)。如果您在安"
"装 Debian 的磁盘上装有不同的操作系统，将不得不从一个软盘启动 GNU/Linux。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2360
#, no-c-format
msgid "<command>palo</command>-installer"
msgstr "<command>palo</command>-installer"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2361
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The bootloader on PA-RISC is <quote>palo</quote>. <command>PALO</command> is "
"similar in configuration and usage to <command>LILO</command>, with a few "
"exceptions. First of all, <command>PALO</command> allows you to boot any "
"kernel image on your boot partition. This is because <command>PALO</command> "
"can actually read Linux partitions."
msgstr ""
"PA-RISC 上的 bootloader 是 <quote>palo</quote>。<command>PALO</command> 的配"
"置和用法类似于 <command>LILO</command>，只有个别地方不同。首先，"
"<command>PALO</command> 允许您从引导分区启动任何内核映象。这是因为 "
"<command>PALO</command> 能真正地读 Linux 分区。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2370
#, no-c-format
msgid "hppa FIXME ( need more info )"
msgstr "hppa FIXME ( need more info )"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2382
#, no-c-format
msgid "Install the <command>Grub</command> Boot Loader on a Hard Disk"
msgstr "硬盘上 <command>Grub</command> Boot Loader 的安装"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2384
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The main &architecture; boot loader is called <quote>grub</quote>. Grub is a "
"flexible and robust boot loader and a good default choice for new users and "
"old hands alike."
msgstr ""
"&architecture; 上主要的 boot loader 是 <quote>grub</quote>。Grub 是个灵活和稳"
"定的 boot loader，它对新手和老手都是一个不错的缺省选择。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2390
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"By default, grub will be installed into the Master Boot Record (MBR), where "
"it will take over complete control of the boot process. If you prefer, you "
"can install it elsewhere. See the grub manual for complete information."
msgstr ""
"缺省情况下，grub 会被装在主引导区(MBR)。如果装在那里的话，它将会完全主宰启动"
"的整个过程。如果喜欢的话，您可以把 grub 装在其他地方。若要全面和完整的信息，"
"请参阅 grub 的手册。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2396
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you do not want to install grub, use the &BTN-GOBACK; button to get to "
"the main menu, and from there select whatever bootloader you would like to "
"use."
msgstr ""
"如果您并不想安装 grub，请使用 &BTN-GOBACK; 按钮回到主菜单，并从中选择您想要使"
"用的任何 bootloader。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2409
#, no-c-format
msgid "Install the <command>LILO</command> Boot Loader on a Hard Disk"
msgstr "硬盘上 <command>LILO</command> Boot Loader 的安装"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2411
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The second &architecture; boot loader is called <quote>LILO</quote>. It is "
"an old complex program which offers lots of functionality, including DOS, "
"Windows, and OS/2 boot management. Please carefully read the instructions in "
"the directory <filename>/usr/share/doc/lilo/</filename> if you have special "
"needs; also see the <ulink url=\"&url-lilo-howto;\">LILO mini-HOWTO</ulink>."
msgstr ""
"第二个 &architecture; boot loader 名叫 <quote>LILO</quote>。它是个老派的强大"
"程序，提供了很多功能，包括对 DOS、Windows 以及 OS/2 的引导 管理。如果有特别的"
"要求的话，请您仔细阅读 <filename>/usr/share/doc/lilo/</filename> 目录里的提示"
"和教程，同时，也可以参考一下 <ulink url=\"&url-lilo-howto;\">LILO mini-"
"HOWTO</ulink>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2421
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Currently the LILO installation will only create menu entries for other "
"operating systems if these can be <firstterm>chainloaded</firstterm>. This "
"means you may have to manually add a menu entry for operating systems like "
"GNU/Linux and GNU/Hurd after the installation."
msgstr ""
"当前 LILO 安装时只能为那些可以 <firstterm>chainloaded</firstterm> 的操作系统"
"创建菜单项。就是说您不得不在安装之后手动添加 GNU/Linux 和 GNU/Hurd 这类操作系"
"统。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2429
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"&d-i; offers you three choices on where to install the <command>LILO</"
"command> boot loader:"
msgstr "&d-i; 提供给您三种选择去哪安装 <command>LILO</command> boot loader："

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:2436
#, no-c-format
msgid "Master Boot Record (MBR)"
msgstr "主引导区(MBR)"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2436
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This way the <command>LILO</command> will take complete control of the boot "
"process."
msgstr "这种方式 <command>LILO</command> 将完全控制启动过程。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:2443
#, no-c-format
msgid "new Debian partition"
msgstr "新 Debian 分区"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2443
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Choose this if you want to use another boot manager. <command>LILO</command> "
"will install itself at the beginning of the new Debian partition and it will "
"serve as a secondary boot loader."
msgstr ""
"如果您想使用其它启动管理，选择此方式。<command>LILO</command> 将它自己安装到"
"新 Debian 分区的起始位置，并能作为第二 boot loader。"

#. Tag: term
#: using-d-i.xml:2452
#, no-c-format
msgid "Other choice"
msgstr "其它选择"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2452
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Useful for advanced users who want to install <command>LILO</command> "
"somewhere else. In this case you will be asked for desired location. You can "
"use traditional device names such as <filename>/dev/hda</filename> or "
"<filename>/dev/sda</filename>."
msgstr ""
"对于高级用户，把 <command>LILO</command> 安装到其它地方会很有用。这种方式下，"
"您会被问到需要安装的位置。您可以采用传统的设备命名，如 <filename>/dev/hda</"
"filename> 或 <filename>/dev/sda</filename>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2462
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you can no longer boot into Windows 9x (or DOS) after this step, you'll "
"need to use a Windows 9x (MS-DOS) boot disk and use the <userinput>fdisk /"
"mbr</userinput> command to reinstall the MS-DOS master boot record &mdash; "
"however, this means that you'll need to use some other way to get back into "
"Debian!"
msgstr ""
"如果此步之后无法启动 Windows 9x (或 DOS)，您需要使用一个 Windows 9x (MS-DOS) "
"启动盘，并用 <userinput>fdisk /mbr</userinput> 命令重新安装 MS-DOS 主引导记"
"录 &mdash; 但这也意味着您要使用其他方法才能启动 Debian！"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2478
#, no-c-format
msgid "Install the <command>ELILO</command> Boot Loader on a Hard Disk"
msgstr "安装 <command>ELILO</command> Boot Loader 到硬盘"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2480
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The &architecture; boot loader is called <quote>elilo</quote>. It is modeled "
"on the <quote>lilo</quote> boot loader for the x86 architecture and uses a "
"similar configuration file. However, instead of writing an MBR or partition "
"boot record to the disk, it copies the necessary files to a separate FAT "
"formatted disk partition and modifies the <guimenuitem>EFI Boot Manager</"
"guimenuitem> menu in the firmware to point to the files in the EFI "
"partition. The <command>elilo</command> boot loader is really in two parts. "
"The <filename>/usr/sbin/elilo</filename> command manages the partition and "
"copies files into it. The <filename>elilo.efi</filename> program is copied "
"into the EFI partition and then run by the <quote>EFI Boot Manager</quote> "
"to do the actual work of loading and starting the Linux kernel."
msgstr ""
"&architecture; boot loader 称为 <quote>elilo</quote>。它模仿 x86 体系上的 "
"<quote>lilo</quote> boot loader 并使用类似的配置文件。然而，与写入 MBR 或分区"
"引导记录到磁盘不同，它将必要的文件复制到单独的 FAT 格式化过的磁盘分区，并修"
"改 <guimenuitem>EFI Boot Manager</guimenuitem> 固件里的菜单指向 EFI 分区的文"
"件。<command>elilo</command> boot loader 实际上是两部分。<filename>/usr/sbin/"
"elilo</filename> 命令管理分区和复制文件。<filename>elilo.efi</filename> 程序"
"被复制到 EFI 分区，然后被 <quote>EFI Boot Manager</quote> 调用执行真正地加载"
"和启动 Linux 内核的工作。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2496
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The <quote>elilo</quote> configuration and installation is done as the last "
"step of installing the packages of the base installation. &d-i; will present "
"you with a list of potential disk partitions that it has found suitable for "
"an EFI partition. Select the partition you set up earlier in the "
"installation, typically a partition on the same disk that contains your "
"<emphasis>root</emphasis> filesystem."
msgstr ""
"<quote>elilo</quote> 配置与安装在基本系统安装软件包的最后一步完成。&d-i; 会给"
"您列出适合 EFI 分区的磁盘分区列表。选择您安装前期配置的分区，典型的分区是与 "
"<emphasis>root</emphasis> 文件系统相同的磁盘。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2508
#, no-c-format
msgid "Choose the correct partition!"
msgstr "选择正确的分区！"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2510
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The criteria for selecting a partition is that it is FAT format filesystem "
"with its <emphasis>boot</emphasis> flag set. &d-i; may show multiple choices "
"depending on what it finds from scanning all of the disks of the system "
"including EFI partitions of other system disks and EFI diagnostic "
"partitions. Remember, <command>elilo</command> may format the partition "
"during the installation, erasing any previous contents!"
msgstr ""
"选择分区的准则是格式化为 FAT 的文件系统并有 <emphasis>boot</emphasis> 标志。"
"&d-i; 可能会显示多个选择，这取决于被扫描的包含 EFI 分区的磁盘和 EFI 诊断分"
"区。切记，<command>elilo</command> 可能会在安装时格式化分区，这将清除以前的所"
"有内容！"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2525
#, no-c-format
msgid "EFI Partition Contents"
msgstr "EFI 分区内容"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2527
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The EFI partition is a FAT filesystem format partition on one of the hard "
"disks of the system, usually the same disk that contains the <emphasis>root</"
"emphasis> filesystem. It is normally not mounted on a running system as it "
"is only needed by the <quote>EFI Boot Manager</quote> to load the system and "
"the installer part of the <command>elilo</command> writes to the filesystem "
"directly. The <command>/usr/sbin/elilo</command> utility writes the "
"following files into the <filename>efi/debian</filename> directory of the "
"EFI partition during the installation. Note that the <quote>EFI Boot "
"Manager</quote> would find these files using the path "
"<filename>fs<replaceable>n</replaceable>:\\efi\\debian</filename>. There may "
"be other files in this filesystem as well over time as the system is updated "
"or re-configured."
msgstr ""
"EFI 分区是存在于系统中的一个硬盘上，它是 FAT 文件系统格式的分区，通常也是包"
"含 <emphasis>root</emphasis> 文件系统的同一磁盘。它通常不会挂载在一个运行的系"
"统上，而只被 <quote>EFI Boot Manager</quote> 用于加载系统和安装部分的 "
"<command>elilo</command> 去直接写入文件系统。<command>/usr/sbin/elilo</"
"command> 工具在安装时将下列文件写入 EFI 分区的 <filename>efi/debian</"
"filename> 目录。注意 <quote>EFI Boot Manager</quote> 会找到这些文件，路径是 "
"<filename>fs<replaceable>n</replaceable>:\\efi\\debian</filename>。经过一段时"
"间，系统更新或重新配置，文件系统中也许会有其他文件。"

#. Tag: filename
#: using-d-i.xml:2549
#, no-c-format
msgid "elilo.conf"
msgstr "elilo.conf"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2550
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This is the configuration file read by the boot loader when it starts. It is "
"a copy of the <filename>/etc/elilo.conf</filename> with the filenames re-"
"written to refer to files in the EFI partition."
msgstr ""
"这是启动时 boot loader 读取的配置文件。它是 <filename>/etc/elilo.conf</"
"filename> 的复制，其文件名重写成 EFI 分区上的文件。"

#. Tag: filename
#: using-d-i.xml:2559
#, no-c-format
msgid "elilo.efi"
msgstr "elilo.efi"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2560
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This is the boot loader program that the <quote>EFI Boot Manager</quote> "
"runs to boot the system. It is the program behind the <guimenuitem>Debian "
"GNU/Linux</guimenuitem> menu item of the <quote>EFI Boot Manager</quote> "
"command menu."
msgstr ""
"这是用于启动系统的 <quote>EFI Boot Manager</quote> boot loader 程序。也是 "
"<guimenuitem>Debian GNU/Linux</guimenuitem> 菜单项背后的程序，位于 "
"<quote>EFI Boot Manager</quote> 命令菜单。"

#. Tag: filename
#: using-d-i.xml:2570
#, no-c-format
msgid "initrd.img"
msgstr "initrd.img"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2571
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This is the initial root filesystem used to boot the kernel. It is a copy of "
"the file referenced in the <filename>/etc/elilo.conf</filename>. In a "
"standard Debian installation it would be the file in <filename>/boot</"
"filename> pointed to by the symbolic link <filename>/initrd.img</filename>."
msgstr ""
"这是用于启动内核最初的文件系统。它是引用 <filename>/etc/elilo.conf</"
"filename> 的复制文件。在标准的 Debian 安装程序程序中他是 <filename>/boot</"
"filename> 符号链接 <filename>/initrd.img</filename> 指向的文件。"

#. Tag: filename
#: using-d-i.xml:2583
#, no-c-format
msgid "readme.txt"
msgstr "readme.txt"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2584
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This is a small text file warning you that the contents of the directory are "
"managed by the <command>elilo</command> and that any local changes would be "
"lost at the next time <filename>/usr/sbin/elilo</filename> is run."
msgstr ""
"这个小文本文件用于警告您那些被 <command>elilo</command> 管理的目录中的内容，"
"任何本地修改在下次 <filename>/usr/sbin/elilo</filename> 运行时将丢失。"

#. Tag: filename
#: using-d-i.xml:2594
#, no-c-format
msgid "vmlinuz"
msgstr "vmlinuz"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2595
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This is the compressed kernel itself. It is a copy of the file referenced in "
"the <filename>/etc/elilo.conf</filename>. In a standard Debian installation "
"it would be the file in <filename>/boot</filename> pointed to by the "
"symbolic link <filename>/vmlinuz</filename>."
msgstr ""
"此为压缩内核本身。它是引用 <filename>/etc/elilo.conf</filename> 的复制文件。"
"在标准的 Debian 安装程序程序中他是 <filename>/boot</filename> 符号链接 "
"<filename>/vmlinuz</filename> 指向的文件。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2615
#, no-c-format
msgid "<command>arcboot</command>-installer"
msgstr "<command>arcboot</command>-installer"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2616
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The boot loader on SGI machines is <command>arcboot</command>. It has to be "
"installed on the same hard disk as the kernel (this is done automatically by "
"the installer). Arcboot supports different configurations which are set up "
"in <filename>/etc/arcboot.conf</filename>. Each configuration has a unique "
"name, the default setup as created by the installer is <quote>linux</quote>. "
"After arcboot has been installed, the system can be booted from hard disk by "
"setting some firmware environment variables entering "
"<informalexample><screen>\n"
"<userinput> setenv SystemPartition scsi(<replaceable>scsi</replaceable>)disk"
"(<replaceable>disk</replaceable>)rdisk(0)partition(0)</userinput>\n"
"<userinput> setenv OSLoadPartition scsi(<replaceable>scsi</replaceable>)disk"
"(<replaceable>disk</replaceable>)rdisk(0)partition(<replaceable>partnr</"
"replaceable>)</userinput>\n"
"<userinput> setenv OSLoader arcboot</userinput>\n"
"<userinput> setenv OSLoadFilename <replaceable>config</replaceable></"
"userinput>\n"
"<userinput> setenv AutoLoad yes</userinput>\n"
"</screen></informalexample> on the firmware prompt, and then typing "
"<command>boot</command>."
msgstr ""
"SGI 机器上的 boot loader 是 <command>arcboot</command>。它必须被安装到与内核"
"相同的磁盘上(安装程序自动完成)。arcboot 可以支持不同的设置，它们的在 "
"<filename>/etc/arcboot.conf</filename> 里建立。每个设置有单独的名称，安装程序"
"创建的默认设置为 <quote>linux</quote>。arcboot 安装之后，系统可以从硬盘启动，"
"这需要固件提示时设置一些固件环境变量 <informalexample><screen>\n"
"<userinput> setenv SystemPartition scsi(<replaceable>scsi</replaceable>)disk"
"(<replaceable>disk</replaceable>)rdisk(0)partition(0)</userinput>\n"
"<userinput> setenv OSLoadPartition scsi(<replaceable>scsi</replaceable>)disk"
"(<replaceable>disk</replaceable>)rdisk(0)partition(<replaceable>partnr</"
"replaceable>)</userinput>\n"
"<userinput> setenv OSLoader arcboot</userinput>\n"
"<userinput> setenv OSLoadFilename <replaceable>config</replaceable></"
"userinput>\n"
"<userinput> setenv AutoLoad yes</userinput>\n"
"</screen></informalexample> ，然后键入 <command>boot</command>。"

#. Tag: replaceable
#: using-d-i.xml:2635
#, no-c-format
msgid "scsi"
msgstr "scsi"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2636
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"is the SCSI bus to be booted from, this is <userinput>0</userinput> for the "
"onboard controllers"
msgstr "是启动的 SCSI 总线，<userinput>0</userinput> 为板载控制器"

#. Tag: replaceable
#: using-d-i.xml:2644
#, no-c-format
msgid "disk"
msgstr "disk"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2645
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"is the SCSI ID of the hard disk on which <command>arcboot</command> is "
"installed"
msgstr "硬盘的 SCSI ID，<command>arcboot</command> 安装在其上"

# index.docbook:1643, index.docbook:1712
#. Tag: replaceable
#: using-d-i.xml:2653
#, no-c-format
msgid "partnr"
msgstr "partnr"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2654
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"is the number of the partition on which <filename>/etc/arcboot.conf</"
"filename> resides"
msgstr "分区号，<filename>/etc/arcboot.conf</filename> 处于该分区"

#. Tag: replaceable
#: using-d-i.xml:2662
#, no-c-format
msgid "config"
msgstr "config"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2663
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"is the name of the configuration entry in <filename>/etc/arcboot.conf</"
"filename>, which is <quote>linux</quote> by default."
msgstr ""
"<filename>/etc/arcboot.conf</filename> 上设置的入口名，默认为 <quote>linux</"
"quote> 。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2684
#, no-c-format
msgid "Install <command>Yaboot</command> on a Hard Disk"
msgstr "安装 <command>Yaboot</command> 至硬盘"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2685
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Newer (mid 1998 and on) PowerMacs use <command>yaboot</command> as their "
"boot loader. The installer will set up <command>yaboot</command> "
"automatically, so all you need is a small 820k partition named "
"<quote>bootstrap</quote> with type <emphasis>Apple_Bootstrap</emphasis> "
"created back in the partitioning component. If this step completes "
"successfully then your disk should now be bootable and OpenFirmware will be "
"set to boot &debian;."
msgstr ""
"新的(1998 年以后)的 PowerMacs 使用 <command>yaboot</command> 作为它们的 boot "
"loader。安装程序自动配置 <command>yaboot</command>，您只需一个 820k 的小分"
"区，命名为 <quote>bootstrap</quote>，类型为 <emphasis>Apple_Bootstrap</"
"emphasis> 这由分区组件创建。如果这步完全成功，硬盘就可以启动，OpenFireware 将"
"设为启动 &debian;。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2703
#, no-c-format
msgid "Install <command>Quik</command> on a Hard Disk"
msgstr "安装 <command>Quik</command> 至硬盘"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2704
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The boot loader for OldWorld Power Macintosh machines is <command>quik</"
"command>. You can also use it on CHRP. The installer will attempt to set up "
"<command>quik</command> automatically. The setup has been known to work on "
"7200, 7300, and 7600 Powermacs, and on some Power Computing clones."
msgstr ""
"用于 OldWorld Power Macintosh 机器的 boot loader 是 <command>quik</command>。"
"您可以将它用于 CHRP。安装程序会自动配置 <command>quik</command>。该配置已知可"
"以工作在 7200，7300 和 7600 Powermacs，以及一些 Power Computing 克隆。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2720
#, no-c-format
msgid "<command>zipl</command>-installer"
msgstr "<command>zipl</command>-installer"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2721
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The boot loader on &arch-title; is <quote>zipl</quote>. <command>ZIPL</"
"command> is similar in configuration and usage to <command>LILO</command>, "
"with a few exceptions. Please take a look at <quote>LINUX for &arch-title; "
"Device Drivers and Installation Commands</quote> from IBM's developerWorks "
"web site if you want to know more about <command>ZIPL</command>."
msgstr ""
"&arch-title; 上的 boot loader 是 <quote>zipl</quote>。<command>ZIPL</"
"command> 的配置和用法类似于 <command>LILO</command>，只有少许不同。如果您想了"
"解更多，请参考 <quote>LINUX for &arch-title; Device Drivers and Installation "
"Commands</quote>，它位于 IBM 的 developerWorks 网站<command>ZIPL</command>。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2738
#, no-c-format
msgid "Install the <command>SILO</command> Boot Loader on a Hard Disk"
msgstr "安装 <command>SILO</command> Boot Loader 到硬盘"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2740
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The standard &architecture; boot loader is called <quote>silo</quote>. It is "
"documented in <filename>/usr/share/doc/silo/</filename>. <command>SILO</"
"command> is similar in configuration and usage to <command>LILO</command>, "
"with a few exceptions. First of all, <command>SILO</command> allows you to "
"boot any kernel image on your drive, even if it is not listed in <filename>/"
"etc/silo.conf</filename>. This is because <command>SILO</command> can "
"actually read Linux partitions. Also, <filename>/etc/silo.conf</filename> is "
"read at boot time, so there is no need to rerun <command>silo</command> "
"after installing a new kernel like you would with <command>LILO</command>. "
"<command>SILO</command> can also read UFS partitions, which means it can "
"boot SunOS/Solaris partitions as well. This is useful if you want to install "
"GNU/Linux alongside an existing SunOS/Solaris install."
msgstr ""
"&architecture; 上标准的 boot loader 称为 <quote>silo</quote>。它的文档位于 "
"<filename>/usr/share/doc/silo/</filename>。<command>SILO</command> 的配置和用"
"法类似于 <command>LILO</command>，只有少许不同。首先，<command>SILO</"
"command> 允许您从磁盘上引导内核映象，即使它没有列入 <filename>/etc/silo."
"conf</filename>。这是因为 <command>SILO</command> 可以真正地读取 Linux 分区。"
"当然，<filename>/etc/silo.conf</filename> 是在启动时读取，也就不需要在安装新"
"内核之后再执行 <command>silo</command>，就像您用 <command>LILO</command>。"
"<command>SILO</command> 也可以读取 UFS 分区，就是说它可以从 SunOS/Solaris 分"
"区启动。这对于安装 GNU/Linux 到一个已经存在 SunOS/Solaris 的系统很有用。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2765
#, no-c-format
msgid "Continue Without Boot Loader"
msgstr "不使用 boot loader 继续进行"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2767
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This option can be used to complete the installation even when no boot "
"loader is to be installed, either because the arch/subarch doesn't provide "
"one, or because none is desired (e.g. you will use existing boot loader). "
"<phrase arch=\"m68k\">This option is especially useful for Macintosh, Atari, "
"and Amiga systems, where the original operating system must be maintained on "
"the box and used to boot GNU/Linux.</phrase>"
msgstr ""
"该选项用于完成安装而不安装 boot loader，这种情况要么是体系/子体系不支持，要么"
"是因为不想要(比如，您想使用已经存在的 boot loader)<phrase arch=\"m68k\">这个"
"选项对 Macintosh、Atari 和 Amiga 系统特别有用，因为它们本来的操作系统必须保持"
"在机器上，以用于启动 GNU/Linux。</phrase>"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2776
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you plan to manually configure your bootloader, you should check the name "
"of the installed kernel in <filename>/target/boot</filename>. You should "
"also check that directory for the presence of an <firstterm>initrd</"
"firstterm>; if one is present, you will probably have to instruct your "
"bootloader to use it. Other information you will need are the disk and "
"partition you selected for your <filename>/</filename> filesystem and, if "
"you chose to install <filename>/boot</filename> on a separate partition, "
"also your <filename>/boot</filename> filesystem."
msgstr ""
"如果您打算手动设置 bootloader，需要检测安装的内核，它位于 <filename>/target/"
"boot</filename>。您还需要检测 <firstterm>initrd</firstterm> 存在的目录；如果"
"有，也许需要指导 bootloader 使用它。其他需要的信息，包括您为 <filename>/</"
"filename> 文件系统选择的磁盘和分区，并且，如果您打算安装 <filename>/boot</"
"filename> 到一个独立的分区，还需要 <filename>/boot</filename> 文件系统。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2793
#, no-c-format
msgid "Finishing the Installation"
msgstr "完成安装"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2794
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This is the last step in the Debian installation process during which the "
"installer will do any last minute tasks. It mostly consists of tidying up "
"after the &d-i;."
msgstr ""
"这是在您 Debian 安装过程的最后一步。在这最后的几分钟工作里，主要进行一些 &d-"
"i; 之后的清理。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2807
#, no-c-format
msgid "Setting the System Clock"
msgstr "设置系统时钟"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2809
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The installer may ask you if the computer's clock is set to UTC. Normally "
"this question is avoided if possible and the installer tries to work out "
"whether the clock is set to UTC based on things like what other operating "
"systems are installed."
msgstr ""
"安装程序可能会询问是否计算机的时钟设置为 UTC。通常会尽量避免这个问题，而且安"
"装程序依据是否有其他系统已经安装这类事情，来决定时钟要不要设为 UTC。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2816
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"In expert mode you will always be able to choose whether or not the clock is "
"set to UTC. <phrase arch=\"m68k;powerpc\">Macintosh hardware clocks are "
"normally set to local time. If you want to dual-boot, select local time "
"instead of UTC.</phrase> <phrase arch=\"x86\">Systems that (also) run Dos or "
"Windows are normally set to local time. If you want to dual-boot, select "
"local time instead of UTC.</phrase>"
msgstr ""
"在 expert 模式下，您总是可以选择时钟是否设为 UTC。<phrase arch=\"m68k;powerpc"
"\">Macintosh 硬件时钟一般设为本地时间。如果您需要多重引导，请选择本地时间而不"
"是 GMT。</phrase> <phrase arch=\"x86\">(还要)运行 Dos 或 Windows 的系统通常设"
"为本地时间。如果您需要多重引导，请选择本地时间而不是 GMT。</phrase>"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2827
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"At this point &d-i; will also attempt to save the current time to the "
"system's hardware clock. This will be done either in UTC or local time, "
"depending on the selection that was just made."
msgstr ""
"此时，&d-i; 将保存当前的时间到系统的硬件时钟。它可以是 UTC 或者本地时间，这取"
"决于刚才的选择。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2842
#, no-c-format
msgid "Reboot the System"
msgstr "重新启动系统"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2844
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"You will be prompted to remove the boot media (CD, floppy, etc) that you "
"used to boot the installer. After that the system will be rebooted into your "
"new Debian system."
msgstr ""
"您会被提示拿出用于安装启动的媒介(CD、软盘等)。之后，系统会启动到您的新 "
"Debian 系统。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2850
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"After a final prompt the system will be halted because rebooting is not "
"supported on &arch-title;. You then need to IPL &debian; from the DASD which "
"you selected for the root filesystem during the first steps of the "
"installation."
msgstr ""
"最后一个提示信息后，由于重启不被 &arch-title; 支持，系统将关机。您需要 DASD "
"上的 IPL &debian;，它在安装步骤第一步里被选做根文件系统。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2863
#, no-c-format
msgid "Miscellaneous"
msgstr "杂项"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2864
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The components listed in this section are usually not involved in the "
"installation process, but are waiting in the background to help the user in "
"case something goes wrong."
msgstr ""
"这里的组件通常不在安装进程之内，但会在后台待命，以帮助用户遇到麻烦时处理问"
"题。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2877
#, no-c-format
msgid "Saving the installation logs"
msgstr "保存安装记录"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2879
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If the installation is successful, the logfiles created during the "
"installation process will be automatically saved to <filename>/var/log/"
"installer/</filename> on your new Debian system."
msgstr ""
"如果安装成功，安装过程中创建的记录文件，会被自动保存在您的新 Debian 系统上的 "
"<filename>/var/log/installer/</filename>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2886
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Choosing <guimenuitem>Save debug logs</guimenuitem> from the main menu "
"allows you to save the log files to a floppy disk, network, hard disk, or "
"other media. This can be useful if you encounter fatal problems during the "
"installation and wish to study the logs on another system or attach them to "
"an installation report."
msgstr ""
"从主菜单上选择 <guimenuitem>Save debug logs</guimenuitem>，允许您将记录文件保"
"存到软盘上、网络、硬盘或其他介质。这可用于安装过程中遭遇严重错误的时，您想在"
"其它系统上研究记录，或者用于报告的附件。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2906
#, no-c-format
msgid "Using the Shell and Viewing the Logs"
msgstr "使用 Shell 查看记录"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2908
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"There are several methods you can use to get a shell while running an "
"installation. On most systems, and if you are not installing over serial "
"console, the easiest method is to switch to the second <emphasis>virtual "
"console</emphasis> by pressing <keycombo><keycap>Left Alt</keycap> "
"<keycap>F2</keycap></keycombo><footnote> <para> That is: press the "
"<keycap>Alt</keycap> key on the left-hand side of the <keycap>space bar</"
"keycap> and the <keycap>F2</keycap> function key at the same time. </para> </"
"footnote> (on a Mac keyboard, <keycombo><keycap>Option</keycap> <keycap>F2</"
"keycap></keycombo>). Use <keycombo><keycap>Left Alt</keycap> <keycap>F1</"
"keycap></keycombo> to switch back to installer itself."
msgstr ""
"安装过程中您可以使用多种方法获得一个 shell。多数系统上，如果您不试通过串口控"
"制台安装，最简单的方法是按下 <keycombo><keycap>Left Alt</keycap> <keycap>F2</"
"keycap></keycombo> <footnote> <para> 就是：按下位于 <keycap>空格键</keycap> "
"左手边的 <keycap>Alt</keycap> 键，同时按下 <keycap>F2</keycap> 功能键。</"
"para> </footnote> 切换到第二个<emphasis>虚拟控制台</emphasis>(在 Mac 键盘上，"
"是 <keycombo><keycap>Option</keycap> <keycap>F2</keycap></keycombo>)。用 "
"<keycombo><keycap>Left Alt</keycap> <keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo> 可以切换回"
"安装程序。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2926
#, no-c-format
msgid "For the graphical installer see also <xref linkend=\"gtk-using\"/>."
msgstr "对于图形安装程序，请参阅 <xref linkend=\"gtk-using\"/>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2930
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you cannot switch consoles, there is also an <guimenuitem>Execute a "
"Shell</guimenuitem> item on the main menu that can be used to start a shell. "
"You can get to the main menu from most dialogs by using the &BTN-GOBACK; "
"button one or more times. Type <userinput>exit</userinput> to close the "
"shell and return to the installer."
msgstr ""
"如果您无法切换控制台，还可以在主菜单上执行 <guimenuitem>Execute a Shell</"
"guimenuitem> 选项，它可以启动一个 shell。您可以使用一次或多次 &BTN-GOBACK; 按"
"钮从大多数对话框返回主菜单。键入 <userinput>exit</userinput> 关闭 shell 并回"
"到安装程序。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2938
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"At this point you are booted from the RAM disk, and there is a limited set "
"of Unix utilities available for your use. You can see what programs are "
"available with the command <command>ls /bin /sbin /usr/bin /usr/sbin</"
"command> and by typing <command>help</command>. The shell is a Bourne shell "
"clone called <command>ash</command> and has some nice features like "
"autocompletion and history."
msgstr ""
"因为这时您是从 RAM 盘启动，只有有限的 Unix 工具可以使用。您可以通过命令 "
"<command>ls /bin /sbin /usr/bin /usr/sbin</command> 和键入 <command>help</"
"command> 查看哪些程序可以使用。其 shell 称为 <command>ash</command>，是 "
"Bourne shell 的克隆，有一些如自动完成与历史纪录这样的好特性。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2947
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"To edit and view files, use the text editor <command>nano</command>. Log "
"files for the installation system can be found in the <filename>/var/log</"
"filename> directory."
msgstr ""
"要编辑和查看文件，请使用文本编辑器 <command>nano</command>。安装系统的日志可"
"以在 <filename>/var/log</filename> 目录找到。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2954
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Although you can do basically anything in a shell that the available "
"commands allow you to do, the option to use a shell is really only there in "
"case something goes wrong and for debugging."
msgstr ""
"虽然在 shell 里面您可以用存在的命令做任何事情，但 shell 真正的用途只是遇到问"
"题时进行调试。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2960
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Doing things manually from the shell may interfere with the installation "
"process and result in errors or an incomplete installation. In particular, "
"you should always use let the installer activate your swap partition and not "
"do this yourself from a shell."
msgstr ""
"在 shell 里面手动操作可能会影响安装过程，造成错误或无法完成安装。特别是，您应"
"该让安装程序激活交换分区，而不是在 shell 里面自己动手。"

#. Tag: title
#: using-d-i.xml:2975
#, no-c-format
msgid "Installation Over the Network"
msgstr "通过网络安装"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2977
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"One of the more interesting components is <firstterm>network-console</"
"firstterm>. It allows you to do a large part of the installation over the "
"network via SSH. The use of the network implies you will have to perform the "
"first steps of the installation from the console, at least to the point of "
"setting up the networking. (Although you can automate that part with <xref "
"linkend=\"automatic-install\"/>.)"
msgstr ""
"更好玩的一个组件是<firstterm>network-console</firstterm>。它可以让您使用 SSH "
"通过网络完成大部分安装工作。使用网络也就是您要用控制台完成第一阶段，或者至少"
"先建立网络。(您可以使用 <xref linkend=\"automatic-install\"/> 做这部分工作。)"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:2987
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This component is not loaded into the main installation menu by default, so "
"you have to explicitly ask for it. If you are installing from CD, you need "
"to boot with medium priority or otherwise invoke the main installation menu "
"and choose <guimenuitem>Load installer components from CD</guimenuitem> and "
"from the list of additional components select <guimenuitem>network-console: "
"Continue installation remotely using SSH</guimenuitem>. Successful load is "
"indicated by a new menu entry called <guimenuitem>Continue installation "
"remotely using SSH</guimenuitem>."
msgstr ""
"该组件默认不会加载到安装主菜单，因此必须单独指定。如果使用 CD，您需要使用 "
"medium 优先级或者打开安装主菜单并选择 <guimenuitem>Load installer components "
"from CD</guimenuitem>，在额外的组件列表里面选择 <guimenuitem>network-"
"console: Continue installation remotely using SSH</guimenuitem>。加载成功后会"
"出现一个新的菜单项，名为 <guimenuitem>Continue installation remotely using "
"SSH</guimenuitem>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:3000
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"For installations on &arch-title;, this is the default method after setting "
"up the network."
msgstr "在 &arch-title; 上安装，建立网络之后这是默认的方法。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:3005
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"<phrase arch=\"not-s390\">After selecting this new entry, you</phrase> "
"<phrase arch=\"s390\">You</phrase> will be asked for a new password to be "
"used for connecting to the installation system and for its confirmation. "
"That's all. Now you should see a screen which instructs you to login "
"remotely as the user <emphasis>installer</emphasis> with the password you "
"just provided. Another important detail to notice on this screen is the "
"fingerprint of this system. You need to transfer the fingerprint securely to "
"the <quote>person who will continue the installation remotely</quote>."
msgstr ""
"<phrase arch=\"not-s390\">选择新菜单项之后，您</phrase> <phrase arch=\"s390"
"\">您</phrase>会被问到新密码用于连接到安装系统，以及确认。只需要这些。现在您"
"应该看到一个画面，提示使用 <emphasis>installer</emphasis> 用户远程登录，密码"
"就是刚才您提供的。另外一个需要留意的重要细节，是屏幕上显示的该系统的 "
"fingerprint。您需要安全地传输该 fingerprint 给<quote>那些要继续远程安装的人</"
"quote>。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:3017
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Should you decide to continue with the installation locally, you can always "
"press &enterkey;, which will bring you back to the main menu, where you can "
"select another component."
msgstr ""
"当您决定继续本地安装时，不断地按 &enterkey;，就可以返回主菜单，之后可以选择其"
"他的组件。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:3023
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Now let's switch to the other side of the wire. As a prerequisite, you need "
"to configure your terminal for UTF-8 encoding, because that is what the "
"installation system uses. If you do not, remote installation will be still "
"possible, but you may encounter strange display artefacts like destroyed "
"dialog borders or unreadable non-ascii characters. Establishing a connection "
"with the installation system is as simple as typing: "
"<informalexample><screen>\n"
"<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>ssh -l installer <replaceable>install_host</"
"replaceable></userinput>\n"
"</screen></informalexample> Where <replaceable>install_host</replaceable> is "
"either the name or IP address of the computer being installed. Before the "
"actual login the fingerprint of the remote system will be displayed and you "
"will have to confirm that it is correct."
msgstr ""
"现在转到网线的另一端。有一个先决条件，您需要配置您的终端使用 UTF-8 编码，因为"
"安装系统使用这种编码。如果不这样做，远程安装也可以进行，但是您可能看到奇怪的"
"显示，比如破碎的对话框边界，或者不可读的非 ASCII 字符。与安装系统建立连接只需"
"键入: <informalexample><screen>\n"
"<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>ssh -l installer <replaceable>install_host</"
"replaceable></userinput>\n"
"</screen></informalexample> 其中 <replaceable>install_host</replaceable> 是安"
"装计算机的名字或 IP 地址。正式登录之前，会显示远程系统的 fingerprint，您需要"
"确认是否正确。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:3040
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The <command>ssh</command> server in the installer uses a default "
"configuration that does not send keep-alive packets. In principle, a "
"connection to the system being installed should be kept open indefinitely. "
"However, in some situations &mdash; depending on your local network setup "
"&mdash; the connection may be lost after some period of inactivity. One "
"common case where this can happen is when there is some form of Network "
"Address Translation (NAT) somewhere between the client and the system being "
"installed. Depending on at which point of the installation the connection "
"was lost, you may or may not be able to resume the installation after "
"reconnecting."
msgstr ""
"安装程序中的 <command>ssh</command> 服务器使用的是默认的配置，并不发送 keep-"
"alive 包。原则上，已安装系统的连接应该无限期的保持打开。但是，某些情况下 "
"&mdash; 由您的局域网设置决定 &mdash; 一段时间的不活动，连接将会断开。这种情况"
"常发生在客户端和系统上安装有 Network Address Translation (NAT) 的地方。基于连"
"接在安装过程中的哪一点断开，您在连接之后可能继续，也可能无法继续安装过程。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:3053
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"You may be able to avoid the connection being dropped by adding the option "
"<userinput>-o&nbsp;ServerAliveInterval=<replaceable>value</replaceable></"
"userinput> when starting the <command>ssh</command> connection, or by adding "
"that option in your <command>ssh</command> configuration file. Note however "
"that in some cases adding this option may also <emphasis>cause</emphasis> a "
"connection to be dropped (for example if keep-alive packets are sent during "
"a brief network outage, from which <command>ssh</command> would otherwise "
"have recovered), so it should only be used when needed."
msgstr ""
"您可以通过在启动 <command>ssh</command> 连接时添加 <userinput>-o&nbsp;"
"ServerAliveInterval=<replaceable>value</replaceable></userinput> 选项来避免断"
"开，或者把它加到 <command>ssh</command> 的配置文件里面。注意，某些情况下添加"
"该选项反而会<emphasis>造成</emphasis>断开(例如，如果 keep-alive 包在网络故障"
"(brief network outage)期间送出，<command>ssh</command> 将会恢复)，因此它只在"
"需要的时候采用。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:3066
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you install several computers in turn and they happen to have the same IP "
"address or hostname, <command>ssh</command> will refuse to connect to such "
"host. The reason is that it will have different fingerprint, which is "
"usually a sign of a spoofing attack. If you are sure this is not the case, "
"you will need to delete the relevant line from <filename>~/.ssh/known_hosts</"
"filename><footnote> <para> The following command will remove an existing "
"entry for a host: <command>ssh-keygen -R &lt;<replaceable>hostname</"
"replaceable>|<replaceable>IP&nbsp;address</replaceable>&gt;</command>. </"
"para> </footnote> and try again."
msgstr ""
"如果您依次安装多台电脑，他们碰巧使用相同的 IP 地址或主机名，那么 "
"<command>ssh</command> 将拒绝连接。造成的原因是它具有不同的 fingerprint，这通"
"常是欺骗攻击的标志。如果您确信不是那种情况，需要删除 <filename>~/.ssh/"
"known_hosts</filename> 里面相关的行<footnote> <para> 下面的命令将删除一个主机"
"的已有记录: <command>ssh-keygen -R &lt;<replaceable>hostname</replaceable>|"
"<replaceable>IP&nbsp;address</replaceable>&gt;</command>. </para> </"
"footnote>，再重新来过。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:3082
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"After the login you will be presented with an initial screen where you have "
"two possibilities called <guimenuitem>Start menu</guimenuitem> and "
"<guimenuitem>Start shell</guimenuitem>. The former brings you to the main "
"installer menu, where you can continue with the installation as usual. The "
"latter starts a shell from which you can examine and possibly fix the remote "
"system. You should only start one SSH session for the installation menu, but "
"may start multiple sessions for shells."
msgstr ""
"登录之后您将看到一个初始画面，显示有两个可能，<guimenuitem>Start menu</"
"guimenuitem> 和 <guimenuitem>Start shell</guimenuitem>。前一个将带您到安装主"
"菜单，那么您可以像普通方式一样安装。后一个打开一个 shell，您可以检查修复远程"
"的系统。在安装菜单只能打开一个 SSH 会话，但 shell 可以打开多个。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:3092
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"After you have started the installation remotely over SSH, you should not go "
"back to the installation session running on the local console. Doing so may "
"corrupt the database that holds the configuration of the new system. This in "
"turn may result in a failed installation or problems with the installed "
"system."
msgstr ""
"使用 SSH 开始远程安装之后，您不该返回本地控制台运行的安装会话。这将破坏新系统"
"配置的数据库。结果可能导致安装失败或者安装完成的系统出现问题。"

#. Tag: para
#: using-d-i.xml:3100
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Also, if you are running the SSH session from an X terminal, you should not "
"resize the window as that will result in the connection being terminated."
msgstr ""
"另外，如果您在 X 终端下运行 ssh 会话，也不要改变窗口大小，它可能会造成连接中"
"止。"