# Debian GNU/Linux Installation Guide msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: d-i-manual\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2001-02-09 01:25+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2005-10-09 13:49+0800\n" "Last-Translator: Ji YongGang\n" "Language-Team: debian-chinese-gb \n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:4 #, no-c-format msgid "Random Bits" msgstr "其他" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:11 #, no-c-format msgid "Preconfiguration File Example" msgstr "预设置文件实例" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:13 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This is a complete working example of a preconfiguration file for an " "automated install. Its use is explained in . You may want to uncomment some of the lines before using the file." msgstr "" "这是一个完整的用于自动安装的预设置文件的实例。使用的说明在 。您可以在使用该文件前去除某些行前面的注释。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:21 #, no-c-format msgid "" "In order to be able to properly present this example in the manual, we've " "had to split some lines. This is indicated by the use of the line-" "continuation-character \\ and extra indentation in the next " "line. In a real preconfiguration file, these split lines have to be joined " "into one single line. If you do not, preconfiguration " "will fail with unpredictable results." msgstr "" "为了能在手册中正确显示这个例子，我们不得不分割一些行。通过使用行连接符 " "\\ 和下一行的缩进标明。在实际的预置文件中，这些分割的行必须合" "并成 单独的一行。如果您没有这样做，预设置文件会造成不可" "预估的失败。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:29 #, no-c-format msgid "" "A clean example file is available from &urlset-example-" "preseed;." msgstr "clean 例子文件位于 &urlset-example-preseed;。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:35 #, no-c-format msgid "The example file is also available from &urlset-example-preseed;." msgstr "例子文件还可以从 &urlset-example-preseed; 获得。" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:45 #, no-c-format msgid "" "#### Startup.\n" "\n" "# To use a preseed file, you'll first need to boot the installer,\n" "# and tell it what preseed file to use. This is done by passing the\n" "# kernel a boot parameter, either manually at boot or by editing the\n" "# syslinux.cfg (or similar) file and adding the parameter to the end\n" "# of the append line(s) for the kernel.\n" "#\n" "# If you're netbooting, use this:\n" "# preseed/url=http://host/path/to/preseed\n" "# If you're remastering a CD, you could use this:\n" "# preseed/file=/cdrom/preseed\n" "# If you're installing from USB media, use this, and put the preseed file\n" "# in the toplevel directory of the USB stick.\n" "# preseed/file=/hd-media/preseed\n" "# Be sure to copy this file to the location you specify.\n" "#\n" "# Some parts of the installation process cannot be automated using\n" "# some forms of preseeding, because the questions are asked before\n" "# the preseed file is loaded. For example, if the preseed file is\n" "# downloaded over the network, the network setup must be done first.\n" "# One reason to use initrd preseeding is that it allows preseeding\n" "# of even these early steps of the installation process.\n" "#\n" "# If a preseed file cannot be used to preseed some steps, the install can\n" "# still be fully automated, since you can pass preseed values to the kernel\n" "# on the command line. Just pass path/to/var=value for any of the preseed\n" "# variables listed below.\n" "#\n" "# While you're at it, you may want to throw a debconf/priority=critical in\n" "# there, to avoid most questions even if the preseeding below misses some.\n" "# And you might set the timeout to 1 in syslinux.cfg to avoid needing to " "hit\n" "# enter to boot the installer.\n" "#\n" "# Note that the kernel accepts a maximum of 8 command line options and\n" "# 8 environment options (including any options added by default for the\n" "# installer). If these numbers are exceeded, 2.4 kernels will drop any\n" "# excess options and 2.6 kernels will panic. With kernel 2.6.9 or newer,\n" "# you can use 32 command line options and 32 environment options.\n" "#\n" "# Some of the default options, like 'vga=normal' may be safely removed\n" "# for most installations, which may allow you to add more options for\n" "# preseeding.\n" "\n" "# It is not possible to use preseeding to set language, country, and\n" "# keyboard. Instead you should use kernel parameters. Example:\n" "# languagechooser/language-name=English\n" "# countrychooser/shortlist=US\n" "# console-keymaps-at/keymap=us\n" "\n" "#### Network configuration.\n" "\n" "# Of course, this won't work if you're loading your preseed file from the\n" "# network! But it's great if you're booting from CD or USB stick. You can\n" "# also pass network config parameters in on the kernel params if you are\n" "# loading preseed files from the network.\n" "\n" "# netcfg will choose an interface that has link if possible. This makes it\n" "# skip displaying a list if there is more than one interface.\n" "d-i netcfg/choose_interface select auto\n" "\n" "# If you have a slow dhcp server and the installer times out waiting for\n" "# it, this might be useful.\n" "#d-i netcfg/dhcp_timeout string 60\n" "\n" "# If you prefer to configure the network manually, here's how:\n" "#d-i netcfg/disable_dhcp boolean true\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_nameservers string 192.168.1.1\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_ipaddress string 192.168.1.42\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_netmask string 255.255.255.0\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_gateway string 192.168.1.1\n" "#d-i netcfg/confirm_static boolean true\n" "\n" "# Note that any hostname and domain names assigned from dhcp take\n" "# precedence over values set here. However, setting the values still\n" "# prevents the questions from being shown even if values come from dhcp.\n" "d-i netcfg/get_hostname string unassigned-hostname\n" "d-i netcfg/get_domain string unassigned-domain\n" "\n" "# Disable that annoying WEP key dialog.\n" "d-i netcfg/wireless_wep string\n" "# The wacky dhcp hostname that some ISPs use as a password of sorts.\n" "#d-i netcfg/dhcp_hostname string radish\n" "\n" "#### Mirror settings.\n" "\n" "d-i mirror/country string enter information manually\n" "d-i mirror/http/hostname string http.us.debian.org\n" "d-i mirror/http/directory string /debian\n" "d-i mirror/suite string testing\n" "d-i mirror/http/proxy string\n" "\n" "#### Partitioning.\n" "\n" "# If the system has free space you can choose to only partition that space.\n" "#d-i partman-auto/init_automatically_partition \\\n" "# select Use the largest continuous free space\n" "\n" "# Alternatively, you can specify a disk to partition. The device name can\n" "# be given in either devfs or traditional non-devfs format.\n" "# For example, to use the first disk devfs knows of:\n" "d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/discs/disc0/disc\n" "\n" "# You can choose from any of the predefined partitioning recipes:\n" "d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select \\\n" " All files in one partition (recommended for new users)\n" "#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select Desktop machine\n" "#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select Multi-user workstation\n" "\n" "# Or provide a recipe of your own...\n" "# The recipe format is documented in the file devel/partman-auto-recipe." "txt.\n" "# If you have a way to get a recipe file into the d-i environment, you can\n" "# just point at it.\n" "#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe_file string /hd-media/recipe\n" "\n" "# If not, you can put an entire recipe in one line. This example creates\n" "# a small /boot partition, suitable swap, and uses the rest of the space\n" "# for the root partition:\n" "#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string boot-root :: \\\n" "# 20 50 100 ext3 $primary{ } $bootable{ } method{ format } format{ } \\\n" "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } mountpoint{ /boot } . \\\n" "# 500 10000 1000000000 ext3 method{ format } format{ } \\\n" "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } mountpoint{ / } . \\\n" "# 64 512 300% linux-swap method{ swap } format{ } .\n" "# For reference, here is that same recipe in a more readable form:\n" "# boot-root ::\n" "# 40 50 100 ext3\n" "# $primary{ } $bootable{ }\n" "# method{ format } format{ }\n" "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 }\n" "# mountpoint{ /boot }\n" "# .\n" "# 500 10000 1000000000 ext3\n" "# method{ format } format{ }\n" "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 }\n" "# mountpoint{ / }\n" "# .\n" "# 64 512 300% linux-swap\n" "# method{ swap } format{ }\n" "# .\n" "\n" "# This makes partman automatically partition without confirmation.\n" "d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true\n" "d-i partman/choose_partition select \\\n" " Finish partitioning and write changes to disk\n" "d-i partman/confirm boolean true\n" "\n" "#### Boot loader installation.\n" "\n" "# Grub is the default boot loader (for x86). If you want lilo installed\n" "# instead, uncomment this:\n" "#d-i grub-installer/skip boolean true\n" "\n" "# This is fairly safe to set, it makes grub install automatically to the " "MBR\n" "# if no other operating system is detected on the machine.\n" "d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true\n" "\n" "# This one makes grub-installer install to the MBR if if finds some other " "OS\n" "# too, which is less safe as it might not be able to boot that other OS.\n" "d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true\n" "\n" "# Alternatively, if you want to install to a location other than the mbr,\n" "# uncomment and edit these lines:\n" "#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,0)\n" "#d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean false\n" "#d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean false\n" "\n" "#### Finishing up the first stage install.\n" "\n" "# Avoid that last message about the install being complete.\n" "d-i prebaseconfig/reboot_in_progress note\n" "\n" "#### Shell commands.\n" "\n" "# d-i preseeding is inherently not secure. Nothing in the installer checks\n" "# for attempts at buffer overflows or other exploits of the values of a\n" "# preseed file like this one. Only use preseed files from trusted\n" "# locations! To drive that home, and because it's generally useful, here's\n" "# a way to run any shell command you'd like inside the installer,\n" "# automatically.\n" "\n" "# This first command is run as early as possible, just after\n" "# preseeding is read.\n" "#d-i preseed/early_command string anna-install some-udeb\n" "\n" "# This command is run just before the install finishes, but when there is\n" "# still a usable /target directory.\n" "#d-i preseed/late_command string echo foo > /target/etc/bar\n" "\n" "# This command is run just as base-config is starting up.\n" "#base-config base-config/early_command string echo hi mom\n" "\n" "# This command is run after base-config is done, just before the login:\n" "# prompt. This is a good way to install a set of packages you want, or to\n" "# tweak the configuration of the system.\n" "#base-config base-config/late_command string \\\n" "# apt-get install zsh; chsh -s /bin/zsh\n" "\n" "###### Preseeding the 2nd stage of the installation.\n" "\n" "#### Preseeding base-config.\n" "\n" "# Avoid the introductory message.\n" "base-config base-config/intro note\n" "\n" "# Avoid the final message.\n" "base-config base-config/login note\n" "\n" "# If you installed a display manager, but don't want to start it " "immediately\n" "# after base-config finishes.\n" "#base-config base-config/start-display-manager boolean false\n" "\n" "# Some versions of the installer can report back on what you've installed.\n" "# The default is not to report back, but sending reports helps the project\n" "# determine what software is most popular and include it on CDs.\n" "#popularity-contest popularity-contest/participate boolean false\n" "\n" "#### Clock and time zone setup.\n" "\n" "# Controls whether or not the hardware clock is set to UTC.\n" "#base-config tzconfig/gmt boolean true\n" "# If you told the installer that you're in the United States, then you\n" "# can set the time zone using this variable.\n" "# (Choices are: Eastern, Central, Mountain, Pacific, Alaska, Hawaii,\n" "# Aleutian, Arizona East-Indiana, Indiana-Starke, Michigan, Samoa, other)\n" "#base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone/US select Eastern\n" "# If you told it you're in Canada.\n" "# (Choices are: Newfoundland, Atlantic, Eastern, Central,\n" "# East-Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Mountain, Pacific, Yukon, other)\n" "#base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone/CA select Eastern\n" "# If you told it you're in Brazil. (Choices are: East, West, Acre,\n" "# DeNoronha, other)\n" "#base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone/BR select East\n" "# Many countries have only one time zone. If you told the installer you're\n" "# in one of those countries, you can choose its standard time zone via this\n" "# question.\n" "#base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone_single boolean true\n" "# This question is asked as a fallback for countries other than those\n" "# listed above, which have more than one time zone. You can preseed one of\n" "# the time zones, or \"other\".\n" "#base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone_multiple select\n" "\n" "#### Account setup.\n" "\n" "# To preseed the root password, you have to put it in the clear in this\n" "# file. That is not a very good idea, use caution!\n" "#passwd passwd/root-password password r00tme\n" "#passwd passwd/root-password-again password r00tme\n" "\n" "# If you want to skip creation of a normal user account.\n" "#passwd passwd/make-user boolean false\n" "\n" "# Alternatively, you can preseed the user's name and login.\n" "#passwd passwd/user-fullname string Debian User\n" "#passwd passwd/username string debian\n" "# And their password, but use caution!\n" "#passwd passwd/user-password password insecure\n" "#passwd passwd/user-password-again password insecure\n" "\n" "#### Apt setup.\n" "\n" "# This question controls what source the second stage installation uses\n" "# for packages. Choices are cdrom, http, ftp, filesystem, edit sources list\n" "# by hand\n" "base-config apt-setup/uri_type select http\n" "\n" "# If you choose ftp or http, you'll be asked for a country and a mirror.\n" "base-config apt-setup/country select enter information manually\n" "base-config apt-setup/hostname string http.us.debian.org\n" "base-config apt-setup/directory string /debian\n" "# Stop after choosing one mirror.\n" "base-config apt-setup/another boolean false\n" "\n" "# You can choose to install non-free and contrib software.\n" "#base-config apt-setup/non-free boolean true\n" "#base-config apt-setup/contrib boolean true\n" "\n" "# Do enable security updates.\n" "base-config apt-setup/security-updates boolean true\n" "\n" "#### Package selection.\n" "\n" "# You can choose to install any combination of tasks that are available.\n" "# Available tasks as of this writing include: Desktop environment,\n" "# Web server, Print server, DNS server, File server, Mail server,\n" "# SQL database, Laptop, Standard system, manual package selection. The\n" "# last of those will run aptitude. You can also choose to install no\n" "# tasks, and force the installation of a set of packages in some other\n" "# way. We recommend always including the Standard system task.\n" "tasksel tasksel/first multiselect Desktop environment, Standard system\n" "#tasksel tasksel/first multiselect Web server, Standard system\n" "\n" "#### Mailer configuration.\n" "\n" "# During a normal install, exim asks only a few questions. Here's how to\n" "# avoid even those. More complicated preseeding is possible.\n" "exim4-config exim4/dc_eximconfig_configtype \\\n" " select no configuration at this time\n" "exim4-config exim4/no_config boolean true\n" "exim4-config exim4/no_config boolean true\n" "\n" "# It's a good idea to set this to whatever user account you choose to\n" "# create. Leaving the value blank results in postmaster mail going to\n" "# /var/mail/mail.\n" "exim4-config exim4/dc_postmaster string\n" "\n" "#### X Configuration.\n" "\n" "# Preseeding Debian's X config is possible, but you probably need to know\n" "# some details about the video hardware of the machine, since Debian's X\n" "# configurator does not do fully automatic configuration of everything.\n" "\n" "# X can detect the right driver for some cards, but if you're preseeding,\n" "# you override whatever it chooses. Still, vesa will work most places.\n" "#xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/config/device/driver select vesa\n" "\n" "# A caveat with mouse autodetection is that if it fails, X will retry it\n" "# over and over. So if it's preseeded to be done, there is a possibility of\n" "# an infinite loop if the mouse is not autodetected.\n" "#xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/autodetect_mouse boolean true\n" "\n" "# Monitor autodetection is recommended.\n" "xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/autodetect_monitor boolean true\n" "# Uncomment if you have an LCD display.\n" "#xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/config/monitor/lcd boolean true\n" "# X has three configuration paths for the monitor. Here's how to preseed\n" "# the \"medium\" path, which is always available. The \"simple\" path may " "not\n" "# be available, and the \"advanced\" path asks too many questions.\n" "xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/config/monitor/selection-method \\\n" " select medium\n" "xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/config/monitor/mode-list \\\n" " select 1024x768 @ 60 Hz\n" "\n" "#### Everything else.\n" "\n" "# Depending on what software you choose to install, or if things go wrong\n" "# during the installation process, it's possible that other questions may\n" "# be asked. You can preseed those too, of course. To get a list of every\n" "# possible question that could be asked during an install, do an\n" "# installation, and then run these commands:\n" "# debconf-get-selections --installer > file\n" "# debconf-get-selections >> file\n" "\n" "# If you like, you can include other preseed files into this one.\n" "# Any settings in those files will override pre-existing settings from this\n" "# file. More that one file can be listed, separated by spaces; all will be\n" "# loaded. The included files can have preseed/include directives of their\n" "# own as well. Note that if the filenames are relative, they are taken from\n" "# the same directory as the preseed file that includes them.\n" "#d-i preseed/include string x.cfg\n" "\n" "# More flexibly, this runs a shell command and if it outputs the names of\n" "# preseed files, includes those files. For example, to switch configs based\n" "# on a particular usb storage device (in this case, a built-in card " "reader):\n" "#d-i preseed/include_command string \\\n" "# if $(grep -q \"GUID: 0aec3050aec305000001a003\" /proc/scsi/usb-storage-" "*/*); \\\n" "# then echo kraken.cfg; else echo otherusb.cfg; fi\n" "\n" "# To check the format of your preseed file before performing an install,\n" "# you can use debconf-set-selections:\n" "# debconf-set-selections -c preseed.cfg" msgstr "" "#### Startup.\n" "\n" "# To use a preseed file, you'll first need to boot the installer,\n" "# and tell it what preseed file to use. This is done by passing the\n" "# kernel a boot parameter, either manually at boot or by editing the\n" "# syslinux.cfg (or similar) file and adding the parameter to the end\n" "# of the append line(s) for the kernel.\n" "#\n" "# If you're netbooting, use this:\n" "# preseed/url=http://host/path/to/preseed\n" "# If you're remastering a CD, you could use this:\n" "# preseed/file=/cdrom/preseed\n" "# If you're installing from USB media, use this, and put the preseed file\n" "# in the toplevel directory of the USB stick.\n" "# preseed/file=/hd-media/preseed\n" "# Be sure to copy this file to the location you specify.\n" "#\n" "# Some parts of the installation process cannot be automated using\n" "# some forms of preseeding, because the questions are asked before\n" "# the preseed file is loaded. For example, if the preseed file is\n" "# downloaded over the network, the network setup must be done first.\n" "# One reason to use initrd preseeding is that it allows preseeding\n" "# of even these early steps of the installation process.\n" "#\n" "# If a preseed file cannot be used to preseed some steps, the install can\n" "# still be fully automated, since you can pass preseed values to the kernel\n" "# on the command line. Just pass path/to/var=value for any of the preseed\n" "# variables listed below.\n" "#\n" "# While you're at it, you may want to throw a debconf/priority=critical in\n" "# there, to avoid most questions even if the preseeding below misses some.\n" "# And you might set the timeout to 1 in syslinux.cfg to avoid needing to " "hit\n" "# enter to boot the installer.\n" "#\n" "# Note that the kernel accepts a maximum of 8 command line options and\n" "# 8 environment options (including any options added by default for the\n" "# installer). If these numbers are exceeded, 2.4 kernels will drop any\n" "# excess options and 2.6 kernels will panic. With kernel 2.6.9 or newer,\n" "# you can use 32 command line options and 32 environment options.\n" "#\n" "# Some of the default options, like 'vga=normal' may be safely removed\n" "# for most installations, which may allow you to add more options for\n" "# preseeding.\n" "\n" "# It is not possible to use preseeding to set language, country, and\n" "# keyboard. Instead you should use kernel parameters. Example:\n" "# languagechooser/language-name=English\n" "# countrychooser/shortlist=US\n" "# console-keymaps-at/keymap=us\n" "\n" "#### Network configuration.\n" "\n" "# Of course, this won't work if you're loading your preseed file from the\n" "# network! But it's great if you're booting from CD or USB stick. You can\n" "# also pass network config parameters in on the kernel params if you are\n" "# loading preseed files from the network.\n" "\n" "# netcfg will choose an interface that has link if possible. This makes it\n" "# skip displaying a list if there is more than one interface.\n" "d-i netcfg/choose_interface select auto\n" "\n" "# If you have a slow dhcp server and the installer times out waiting for\n" "# it, this might be useful.\n" "#d-i netcfg/dhcp_timeout string 60\n" "\n" "# If you prefer to configure the network manually, here's how:\n" "#d-i netcfg/disable_dhcp boolean true\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_nameservers string 192.168.1.1\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_ipaddress string 192.168.1.42\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_netmask string 255.255.255.0\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_gateway string 192.168.1.1\n" "#d-i netcfg/confirm_static boolean true\n" "\n" "# Note that any hostname and domain names assigned from dhcp take\n" "# precedence over values set here. However, setting the values still\n" "# prevents the questions from being shown even if values come from dhcp.\n" "d-i netcfg/get_hostname string unassigned-hostname\n" "d-i netcfg/get_domain string unassigned-domain\n" "\n" "# Disable that annoying WEP key dialog.\n" "d-i netcfg/wireless_wep string\n" "# The wacky dhcp hostname that some ISPs use as a password of sorts.\n" "#d-i netcfg/dhcp_hostname string radish\n" "\n" "#### Mirror settings.\n" "\n" "d-i mirror/country string enter information manually\n" "d-i mirror/http/hostname string http.us.debian.org\n" "d-i mirror/http/directory string /debian\n" "d-i mirror/suite string testing\n" "d-i mirror/http/proxy string\n" "\n" "#### Partitioning.\n" "\n" "# If the system has free space you can choose to only partition that space.\n" "#d-i partman-auto/init_automatically_partition \\\n" "# select Use the largest continuous free space\n" "\n" "# Alternatively, you can specify a disk to partition. The device name can\n" "# be given in either devfs or traditional non-devfs format.\n" "# For example, to use the first disk devfs knows of:\n" "d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/discs/disc0/disc\n" "\n" "# You can choose from any of the predefined partitioning recipes:\n" "d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select \\\n" " All files in one partition (recommended for new users)\n" "#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select Desktop machine\n" "#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select Multi-user workstation\n" "\n" "# Or provide a recipe of your own...\n" "# The recipe format is documented in the file devel/partman-auto-recipe." "txt.\n" "# If you have a way to get a recipe file into the d-i environment, you can\n" "# just point at it.\n" "#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe_file string /hd-media/recipe\n" "\n" "# If not, you can put an entire recipe in one line. This example creates\n" "# a small /boot partition, suitable swap, and uses the rest of the space\n" "# for the root partition:\n" "#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string boot-root :: \\\n" "# 20 50 100 ext3 $primary{ } $bootable{ } method{ format } format{ } \\\n" "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } mountpoint{ /boot } . \\\n" "# 500 10000 1000000000 ext3 method{ format } format{ } \\\n" "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } mountpoint{ / } . \\\n" "# 64 512 300% linux-swap method{ swap } format{ } .\n" "# For reference, here is that same recipe in a more readable form:\n" "# boot-root ::\n" "# 40 50 100 ext3\n" "# $primary{ } $bootable{ }\n" "# method{ format } format{ }\n" "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 }\n" "# mountpoint{ /boot }\n" "# .\n" "# 500 10000 1000000000 ext3\n" "# method{ format } format{ }\n" "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 }\n" "# mountpoint{ / }\n" "# .\n" "# 64 512 300% linux-swap\n" "# method{ swap } format{ }\n" "# .\n" "\n" "# This makes partman automatically partition without confirmation.\n" "d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true\n" "d-i partman/choose_partition select \\\n" " Finish partitioning and write changes to disk\n" "d-i partman/confirm boolean true\n" "\n" "#### Boot loader installation.\n" "\n" "# Grub is the default boot loader (for x86). If you want lilo installed\n" "# instead, uncomment this:\n" "#d-i grub-installer/skip boolean true\n" "\n" "# This is fairly safe to set, it makes grub install automatically to the " "MBR\n" "# if no other operating system is detected on the machine.\n" "d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true\n" "\n" "# This one makes grub-installer install to the MBR if if finds some other " "OS\n" "# too, which is less safe as it might not be able to boot that other OS.\n" "d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true\n" "\n" "# Alternatively, if you want to install to a location other than the mbr,\n" "# uncomment and edit these lines:\n" "#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,0)\n" "#d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean false\n" "#d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean false\n" "\n" "#### Finishing up the first stage install.\n" "\n" "# Avoid that last message about the install being complete.\n" "d-i prebaseconfig/reboot_in_progress note\n" "\n" "#### Shell commands.\n" "\n" "# d-i preseeding is inherently not secure. Nothing in the installer checks\n" "# for attempts at buffer overflows or other exploits of the values of a\n" "# preseed file like this one. Only use preseed files from trusted\n" "# locations! To drive that home, and because it's generally useful, here's\n" "# a way to run any shell command you'd like inside the installer,\n" "# automatically.\n" "\n" "# This first command is run as early as possible, just after\n" "# preseeding is read.\n" "#d-i preseed/early_command string anna-install some-udeb\n" "\n" "# This command is run just before the install finishes, but when there is\n" "# still a usable /target directory.\n" "#d-i preseed/late_command string echo foo > /target/etc/bar\n" "\n" "# This command is run just as base-config is starting up.\n" "#base-config base-config/early_command string echo hi mom\n" "\n" "# This command is run after base-config is done, just before the login:\n" "# prompt. This is a good way to install a set of packages you want, or to\n" "# tweak the configuration of the system.\n" "#base-config base-config/late_command string \\\n" "# apt-get install zsh; chsh -s /bin/zsh\n" "\n" "###### Preseeding the 2nd stage of the installation.\n" "\n" "#### Preseeding base-config.\n" "\n" "# Avoid the introductory message.\n" "base-config base-config/intro note\n" "\n" "# Avoid the final message.\n" "base-config base-config/login note\n" "\n" "# If you installed a display manager, but don't want to start it " "immediately\n" "# after base-config finishes.\n" "#base-config base-config/start-display-manager boolean false\n" "\n" "# Some versions of the installer can report back on what you've installed.\n" "# The default is not to report back, but sending reports helps the project\n" "# determine what software is most popular and include it on CDs.\n" "#popularity-contest popularity-contest/participate boolean false\n" "\n" "#### Clock and time zone setup.\n" "\n" "# Controls whether or not the hardware clock is set to UTC.\n" "#base-config tzconfig/gmt boolean true\n" "# If you told the installer that you're in the United States, then you\n" "# can set the time zone using this variable.\n" "# (Choices are: Eastern, Central, Mountain, Pacific, Alaska, Hawaii,\n" "# Aleutian, Arizona East-Indiana, Indiana-Starke, Michigan, Samoa, other)\n" "#base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone/US select Eastern\n" "# If you told it you're in Canada.\n" "# (Choices are: Newfoundland, Atlantic, Eastern, Central,\n" "# East-Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Mountain, Pacific, Yukon, other)\n" "#base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone/CA select Eastern\n" "# If you told it you're in Brazil. (Choices are: East, West, Acre,\n" "# DeNoronha, other)\n" "#base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone/BR select East\n" "# Many countries have only one time zone. If you told the installer you're\n" "# in one of those countries, you can choose its standard time zone via this\n" "# question.\n" "#base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone_single boolean true\n" "# This question is asked as a fallback for countries other than those\n" "# listed above, which have more than one time zone. You can preseed one of\n" "# the time zones, or \"other\".\n" "#base-config tzconfig/choose_country_zone_multiple select\n" "\n" "#### Account setup.\n" "\n" "# To preseed the root password, you have to put it in the clear in this\n" "# file. That is not a very good idea, use caution!\n" "#passwd passwd/root-password password r00tme\n" "#passwd passwd/root-password-again password r00tme\n" "\n" "# If you want to skip creation of a normal user account.\n" "#passwd passwd/make-user boolean false\n" "\n" "# Alternatively, you can preseed the user's name and login.\n" "#passwd passwd/user-fullname string Debian User\n" "#passwd passwd/username string debian\n" "# And their password, but use caution!\n" "#passwd passwd/user-password password insecure\n" "#passwd passwd/user-password-again password insecure\n" "\n" "#### Apt setup.\n" "\n" "# This question controls what source the second stage installation uses\n" "# for packages. Choices are cdrom, http, ftp, filesystem, edit sources list\n" "# by hand\n" "base-config apt-setup/uri_type select http\n" "\n" "# If you choose ftp or http, you'll be asked for a country and a mirror.\n" "base-config apt-setup/country select enter information manually\n" "base-config apt-setup/hostname string http.us.debian.org\n" "base-config apt-setup/directory string /debian\n" "# Stop after choosing one mirror.\n" "base-config apt-setup/another boolean false\n" "\n" "# You can choose to install non-free and contrib software.\n" "#base-config apt-setup/non-free boolean true\n" "#base-config apt-setup/contrib boolean true\n" "\n" "# Do enable security updates.\n" "base-config apt-setup/security-updates boolean true\n" "\n" "#### Package selection.\n" "\n" "# You can choose to install any combination of tasks that are available.\n" "# Available tasks as of this writing include: Desktop environment,\n" "# Web server, Print server, DNS server, File server, Mail server,\n" "# SQL database, Laptop, Standard system, manual package selection. The\n" "# last of those will run aptitude. You can also choose to install no\n" "# tasks, and force the installation of a set of packages in some other\n" "# way. We recommend always including the Standard system task.\n" "tasksel tasksel/first multiselect Desktop environment, Standard system\n" "#tasksel tasksel/first multiselect Web server, Standard system\n" "\n" "#### Mailer configuration.\n" "\n" "# During a normal install, exim asks only a few questions. Here's how to\n" "# avoid even those. More complicated preseeding is possible.\n" "exim4-config exim4/dc_eximconfig_configtype \\\n" " select no configuration at this time\n" "exim4-config exim4/no_config boolean true\n" "exim4-config exim4/no_config boolean true\n" "\n" "# It's a good idea to set this to whatever user account you choose to\n" "# create. Leaving the value blank results in postmaster mail going to\n" "# /var/mail/mail.\n" "exim4-config exim4/dc_postmaster string\n" "\n" "#### X Configuration.\n" "\n" "# Preseeding Debian's X config is possible, but you probably need to know\n" "# some details about the video hardware of the machine, since Debian's X\n" "# configurator does not do fully automatic configuration of everything.\n" "\n" "# X can detect the right driver for some cards, but if you're preseeding,\n" "# you override whatever it chooses. Still, vesa will work most places.\n" "#xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/config/device/driver select vesa\n" "\n" "# A caveat with mouse autodetection is that if it fails, X will retry it\n" "# over and over. So if it's preseeded to be done, there is a possibility of\n" "# an infinite loop if the mouse is not autodetected.\n" "#xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/autodetect_mouse boolean true\n" "\n" "# Monitor autodetection is recommended.\n" "xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/autodetect_monitor boolean true\n" "# Uncomment if you have an LCD display.\n" "#xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/config/monitor/lcd boolean true\n" "# X has three configuration paths for the monitor. Here's how to preseed\n" "# the \"medium\" path, which is always available. The \"simple\" path may " "not\n" "# be available, and the \"advanced\" path asks too many questions.\n" "xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/config/monitor/selection-method \\\n" " select medium\n" "xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/config/monitor/mode-list \\\n" " select 1024x768 @ 60 Hz\n" "\n" "#### Everything else.\n" "\n" "# Depending on what software you choose to install, or if things go wrong\n" "# during the installation process, it's possible that other questions may\n" "# be asked. You can preseed those too, of course. To get a list of every\n" "# possible question that could be asked during an install, do an\n" "# installation, and then run these commands:\n" "# debconf-get-selections --installer > file\n" "# debconf-get-selections >> file\n" "\n" "# If you like, you can include other preseed files into this one.\n" "# Any settings in those files will override pre-existing settings from this\n" "# file. More that one file can be listed, separated by spaces; all will be\n" "# loaded. The included files can have preseed/include directives of their\n" "# own as well. Note that if the filenames are relative, they are taken from\n" "# the same directory as the preseed file that includes them.\n" "#d-i preseed/include string x.cfg\n" "\n" "# More flexibly, this runs a shell command and if it outputs the names of\n" "# preseed files, includes those files. For example, to switch configs based\n" "# on a particular usb storage device (in this case, a built-in card " "reader):\n" "#d-i preseed/include_command string \\\n" "# if $(grep -q \"GUID: 0aec3050aec305000001a003\" /proc/scsi/usb-storage-" "*/*); \\\n" "# then echo kraken.cfg; else echo otherusb.cfg; fi\n" "\n" "# To check the format of your preseed file before performing an install,\n" "# you can use debconf-set-selections:\n" "# debconf-set-selections -c preseed.cfg" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:51 #, no-c-format msgid "" "#### Startup.\n" "\n" "# To use a preseed file, you'll first need to boot the installer,\n" "# and tell it what preseed file to use. This is done by passing the\n" "# kernel a boot parameter, either manually at boot or by editing the\n" "# syslinux.cfg (or similar) file and adding the parameter to the end\n" "# of the append line(s) for the kernel.\n" "#\n" "# If you're netbooting, use this:\n" "# preseed/url=http://host/path/to/preseed\n" "# If you're remastering a CD, you could use this:\n" "# preseed/file=/cdrom/preseed\n" "# If you're installing from USB media, use this, and put the preseed file\n" "# in the toplevel directory of the USB stick.\n" "# preseed/file=/hd-media/preseed\n" "#\n" "# If you feel comfortable modifying the installer's initrd image,\n" "# you can also place a preseed file in the root directory of the initrd's\n" "# filesystem, named \"preseed.cfg\" -- the installer will always use this\n" "# file if it is present. Otherwise, be sure to copy this file to the " "location\n" "# you specify.\n" "#\n" "# To make sure the installer gets the right preseed file, you can specify\n" "# a checksum for the file. Currently this needs to be a md5sum, and if\n" "# specified it must match the file or the installer will refuse to use the\n" "# file.\n" "# preseed/url/checksum=5da499872becccfeda2c4872f9171c3d\n" "# preseed/file/checksum=5da499872becccfeda2c4872f9171c3d\n" "#\n" "# Some parts of the installation process cannot be automated using\n" "# some forms of preseeding, because the questions are asked before\n" "# the preseed file is loaded. For example, if the preseed file is\n" "# downloaded over the network, the network setup must be done first.\n" "# One reason to use initrd preseeding is that it allows preseeding\n" "# of even these early steps of the installation process.\n" "#\n" "# If a preseed file cannot be used to preseed some steps, the install can\n" "# still be fully automated, since you can pass preseed values to the kernel\n" "# on the command line. Just pass path/to/var=value for any of the preseed\n" "# variables listed below.\n" "#\n" "# While you're at it, you may want to throw a debconf/priority=critical in\n" "# there, to avoid most questions even if the preseeding below misses some.\n" "# And you might set the timeout to 1 in syslinux.cfg to avoid needing to " "hit\n" "# enter to boot the installer.\n" "#\n" "# Note that the 2.4 kernel accepts a maximum of 8 command line options and\n" "# 8 environment options (including any options added by default for the\n" "# installer). If these numbers are exceeded, 2.4 kernels will drop any\n" "# excess options and 2.6 kernels will panic. With kernel 2.6.9 or newer,\n" "# you can use 32 command line options and 32 environment options.\n" "#\n" "# Some of the default options, like 'vga=normal' may be safely removed\n" "# for most installations, which may allow you to add more options for\n" "# preseeding.\n" "\n" "# To select your language and country, use this setting, but remember\n" "# that this will only work for initrd based preseeding, for other forms of\n" "# preseeding you must convert it into a kernel parameter,\n" "# such as debian-installer/locale=en_US\n" "d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US\n" "\n" "# To select your keyboard, use this setting. Again it will need to be\n" "# passed as a kernel parameter for most preseed setups.\n" "d-i console-keymaps-at/keymap select us\n" "\n" "#### Network configuration.\n" "\n" "# Of course, this won't work if you're loading your preseed file from the\n" "# network! But it's great if you're booting from CD or USB stick. You can\n" "# also pass network config parameters in on the kernel params if you are\n" "# loading preseed files from the network.\n" "\n" "# netcfg will choose an interface that has link if possible. This makes it\n" "# skip displaying a list if there is more than one interface.\n" "d-i netcfg/choose_interface select auto\n" "\n" "# If you have a slow dhcp server and the installer times out waiting for\n" "# it, this might be useful.\n" "#d-i netcfg/dhcp_timeout string 60\n" "\n" "# If you prefer to configure the network manually, here's how:\n" "#d-i netcfg/disable_dhcp boolean true\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_nameservers string 192.168.1.1\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_ipaddress string 192.168.1.42\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_netmask string 255.255.255.0\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_gateway string 192.168.1.1\n" "#d-i netcfg/confirm_static boolean true\n" "\n" "# Note that any hostname and domain names assigned from dhcp take\n" "# precedence over values set here. However, setting the values still\n" "# prevents the questions from being shown even if values come from dhcp.\n" "d-i netcfg/get_hostname string unassigned-hostname\n" "d-i netcfg/get_domain string unassigned-domain\n" "\n" "# Disable that annoying WEP key dialog.\n" "d-i netcfg/wireless_wep string\n" "# The wacky dhcp hostname that some ISPs use as a password of sorts.\n" "#d-i netcfg/dhcp_hostname string radish\n" "\n" "#### Mirror settings.\n" "\n" "d-i mirror/country string enter information manually\n" "d-i mirror/http/hostname string http.us.debian.org\n" "d-i mirror/http/directory string /debian\n" "d-i mirror/http/proxy string\n" "\n" "# What suite of Debian to install.\n" "#d-i mirror/suite string testing\n" "# What suite of Debian to use for loading installer components.\n" "# (Defaults to same as mirror/suite.)\n" "#d-i mirror/udeb/suite string testing\n" "\n" "#### Partitioning.\n" "\n" "# If the system has free space you can choose to only partition that space.\n" "#d-i partman-auto/init_automatically_partition \\\n" "# select Use the largest continuous free space\n" "\n" "# Alternatively, you can specify a disk to partition. The device name can\n" "# be given in either devfs or traditional non-devfs format.\n" "# For example, to use the first disk devfs knows of:\n" "d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/discs/disc0/disc\n" "\n" "# You can choose from any of the predefined partitioning recipes:\n" "d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe \\\n" " select All files in one partition (recommended for new users)\n" "#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select Desktop machine\n" "#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select Multi-user workstation\n" "\n" "# Or provide a recipe of your own...\n" "# The recipe format is documented in the file devel/partman-auto-recipe." "txt.\n" "# If you have a way to get a recipe file into the d-i environment, you can\n" "# just point at it.\n" "#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe_file string /hd-media/recipe\n" "\n" "# If not, you can put an entire recipe the preseed file in one (logical)\n" "# line. This example creates a small /boot partition, suitable swap, and\n" "# uses the rest of the space for the root partition:\n" "#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string \\\n" "# boot-root :: \\\n" "# 40 50 100 ext3 \\\n" "# $primary{ } $bootable{ } \\\n" "# method{ format } format{ } \\\n" "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \\\n" "# mountpoint{ /boot } \\\n" "# . \\\n" "# 500 10000 1000000000 ext3 \\\n" "# method{ format } format{ } \\\n" "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \\\n" "# mountpoint{ / } \\\n" "# . \\\n" "# 64 512 300% linux-swap \\\n" "# method{ swap } format{ } \\\n" "# .\n" "\n" "# This makes partman automatically partition without confirmation.\n" "d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true\n" "d-i partman/choose_partition \\\n" " select Finish partitioning and write changes to disk\n" "d-i partman/confirm boolean true\n" "\n" "#### Boot loader installation.\n" "\n" "# Grub is the default boot loader (for x86). If you want lilo installed\n" "# instead, uncomment this:\n" "#d-i grub-installer/skip boolean true\n" "\n" "# This is fairly safe to set, it makes grub install automatically to the " "MBR\n" "# if no other operating system is detected on the machine.\n" "d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true\n" "\n" "# This one makes grub-installer install to the MBR if if finds some other " "OS\n" "# too, which is less safe as it might not be able to boot that other OS.\n" "d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true\n" "\n" "# Alternatively, if you want to install to a location other than the mbr,\n" "# uncomment and edit these lines:\n" "#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,0)\n" "#d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean false\n" "#d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean false\n" "\n" "#### Finishing up the first stage install.\n" "\n" "# Avoid that last message about the install being complete.\n" "d-i prebaseconfig/reboot_in_progress note\n" "\n" "# This will prevent the installer from ejecting the CD during the reboot,\n" "# which is useful in some situations.\n" "#d-i cdrom-detect/eject boolean false\n" "\n" "#### Shell commands.\n" "\n" "# d-i preseeding is inherently not secure. Nothing in the installer checks\n" "# for attempts at buffer overflows or other exploits of the values of a\n" "# preseed file like this one. Only use preseed files from trusted\n" "# locations! To drive that home, and because it's generally useful, here's\n" "# a way to run any shell command you'd like inside the installer,\n" "# automatically.\n" "\n" "# This first command is run as early as possible, just after\n" "# preseeding is read.\n" "#d-i preseed/early_command string anna-install some-udeb\n" "\n" "# This command is run just before the install finishes, but when there is\n" "# still a usable /target directory.\n" "#d-i preseed/late_command string echo foo > /target/etc/bar\n" "\n" "# This command is run just as base-config is starting up.\n" "#base-config base-config/early_command string echo hi mom\n" "\n" "# This command is run after base-config is done, just before the login:\n" "# prompt. This is a good way to install a set of packages you want, or to\n" "# tweak the configuration of the system.\n" "#base-config base-config/late_command \\\n" "# string apt-get install zsh; chsh -s /bin/zsh\n" "\n" "###### Preseeding the 2nd stage of the installation.\n" "\n" "#### Preseeding base-config.\n" "\n" "# Avoid the introductory message.\n" "base-config base-config/intro note\n" "\n" "# Avoid the final message.\n" "base-config base-config/login note\n" "\n" "# If you installed a display manager, but don't want to start it " "immediately\n" "# after base-config finishes.\n" "#base-config base-config/start-display-manager boolean false\n" "\n" "# Some versions of the installer can report back on what you've installed.\n" "# The default is not to report back, but sending reports helps the project\n" "# determine what software is most popular and include it on CDs.\n" "#popularity-contest popularity-contest/participate boolean false\n" "\n" "#### Clock and time zone setup.\n" "\n" "# Controls whether or not the hardware clock is set to UTC.\n" "d-i clock-setup/utc boolean true\n" "\n" "# You may set this to any valid setting for $TZ; see the contents of\n" "# /usr/share/zoneinfo/ for options.\n" "d-i time/zone string US/Eastern\n" "\n" "#### Account setup.\n" "\n" "# To preseed the root password, you have to put it in the clear in this\n" "# file. That is not a very good idea, use caution!\n" "#passwd passwd/root-password password r00tme\n" "#passwd passwd/root-password-again password r00tme\n" "\n" "# If you want to skip creation of a normal user account.\n" "#passwd passwd/make-user boolean false\n" "\n" "# Alternatively, you can preseed the user's name and login.\n" "#passwd passwd/user-fullname string Debian User\n" "#passwd passwd/username string debian\n" "# And their password, but use caution!\n" "#passwd passwd/user-password password insecure\n" "#passwd passwd/user-password-again password insecure\n" "\n" "#### Apt setup.\n" "\n" "# This question controls what source the second stage installation uses\n" "# for packages. Choices are cdrom, http, ftp, filesystem, edit sources list\n" "# by hand\n" "base-config apt-setup/uri_type select http\n" "\n" "# If you choose ftp or http, you'll be asked for a country and a mirror.\n" "base-config apt-setup/country select enter information manually\n" "base-config apt-setup/hostname string http.us.debian.org\n" "base-config apt-setup/directory string /debian\n" "# Stop after choosing one mirror.\n" "base-config apt-setup/another boolean false\n" "\n" "# You can choose to install non-free and contrib software.\n" "#base-config apt-setup/non-free boolean true\n" "#base-config apt-setup/contrib boolean true\n" "\n" "# Do enable security updates.\n" "base-config apt-setup/security-updates boolean true\n" "\n" "#### Package selection.\n" "\n" "# You can choose to install any combination of tasks that are available.\n" "# Available tasks as of this writing include: Desktop environment,\n" "# Web server, Print server, DNS server, File server, Mail server,\n" "# SQL database, Laptop, Standard system, manual package selection. The\n" "# last of those will run aptitude. You can also choose to install no\n" "# tasks, and force the installation of a set of packages in some other\n" "# way. We recommend always including the Standard system task.\n" "tasksel tasksel/first multiselect Desktop environment, Standard system\n" "#tasksel tasksel/first multiselect Web server, Standard system\n" "\n" "#### Mailer configuration.\n" "\n" "# During a normal install, exim asks only a few questions. Here's how to\n" "# avoid even those. More complicated preseeding is possible.\n" "exim4-config exim4/dc_eximconfig_configtype \\\n" " select no configuration at this time\n" "exim4-config exim4/no_config boolean true\n" "exim4-config exim4/no_config boolean true\n" "\n" "# It's a good idea to set this to whatever user account you choose to\n" "# create. Leaving the value blank results in postmaster mail going to\n" "# /var/mail/mail.\n" "exim4-config exim4/dc_postmaster string\n" "\n" "#### X Configuration.\n" "\n" "# Preseeding Debian's X config is possible, but you probably need to know\n" "# some details about the video hardware of the machine, since Debian's X\n" "# configurator does not do fully automatic configuration of everything.\n" "\n" "# X can detect the right driver for some cards, but if you're preseeding,\n" "# you override whatever it chooses. Still, vesa will work most places.\n" "#xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/config/device/driver select vesa\n" "\n" "# A caveat with mouse autodetection is that if it fails, X will retry it\n" "# over and over. So if it's preseeded to be done, there is a possibility of\n" "# an infinite loop if the mouse is not autodetected.\n" "#xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/autodetect_mouse boolean true\n" "\n" "# Monitor autodetection is recommended.\n" "xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/autodetect_monitor boolean true\n" "# Uncomment if you have an LCD display.\n" "#xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/config/monitor/lcd boolean true\n" "# X has three configuration paths for the monitor. Here's how to preseed\n" "# the \"medium\" path, which is always available. The \"simple\" path may " "not\n" "# be available, and the \"advanced\" path asks too many questions.\n" "xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/config/monitor/selection-method \\\n" " select medium\n" "xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/config/monitor/mode-list \\\n" " select 1024x768 @ 60 Hz\n" "\n" "#### Everything else.\n" "\n" "# Depending on what software you choose to install, or if things go wrong\n" "# during the installation process, it's possible that other questions may\n" "# be asked. You can preseed those too, of course. To get a list of every\n" "# possible question that could be asked during an install, do an\n" "# installation, and then run these commands:\n" "# debconf-get-selections --installer > file\n" "# debconf-get-selections >> file\n" "\n" "# If you like, you can include other preseed files into this one.\n" "# Any settings in those files will override pre-existing settings from this\n" "# file. More that one file can be listed, separated by spaces; all will be\n" "# loaded. The included files can have preseed/include directives of their\n" "# own as well. Note that if the filenames are relative, they are taken from\n" "# the same directory as the preseed file that includes them.\n" "#d-i preseed/include string x.cfg\n" "\n" "# The installer can optionally verify checksums of preseed files before\n" "# using them. Currently only md5sums are supported, list the md5sums\n" "# in the same order as the list of files to include.\n" "#d-i preseed/include/checksum string 5da499872becccfeda2c4872f9171c3d\n" "\n" "# More flexibly, this runs a shell command and if it outputs the names of\n" "# preseed files, includes those files. \n" "#d-i preseed/include_command \\\n" "# string echo if [ \"`hostname`\" = bob ]; then echo bob.cfg; fi\n" "\n" "# To check the format of your preseed file before performing an install,\n" "# you can use debconf-set-selections:\n" "# debconf-set-selections -c preseed.cfg" msgstr "" "#### Startup.\n" "\n" "# To use a preseed file, you'll first need to boot the installer,\n" "# and tell it what preseed file to use. This is done by passing the\n" "# kernel a boot parameter, either manually at boot or by editing the\n" "# syslinux.cfg (or similar) file and adding the parameter to the end\n" "# of the append line(s) for the kernel.\n" "#\n" "# If you're netbooting, use this:\n" "# preseed/url=http://host/path/to/preseed\n" "# If you're remastering a CD, you could use this:\n" "# preseed/file=/cdrom/preseed\n" "# If you're installing from USB media, use this, and put the preseed file\n" "# in the toplevel directory of the USB stick.\n" "# preseed/file=/hd-media/preseed\n" "#\n" "# If you feel comfortable modifying the installer's initrd image,\n" "# you can also place a preseed file in the root directory of the initrd's\n" "# filesystem, named \"preseed.cfg\" -- the installer will always use this\n" "# file if it is present. Otherwise, be sure to copy this file to the " "location\n" "# you specify.\n" "#\n" "# To make sure the installer gets the right preseed file, you can specify\n" "# a checksum for the file. Currently this needs to be a md5sum, and if\n" "# specified it must match the file or the installer will refuse to use the\n" "# file.\n" "# preseed/url/checksum=5da499872becccfeda2c4872f9171c3d\n" "# preseed/file/checksum=5da499872becccfeda2c4872f9171c3d\n" "#\n" "# Some parts of the installation process cannot be automated using\n" "# some forms of preseeding, because the questions are asked before\n" "# the preseed file is loaded. For example, if the preseed file is\n" "# downloaded over the network, the network setup must be done first.\n" "# One reason to use initrd preseeding is that it allows preseeding\n" "# of even these early steps of the installation process.\n" "#\n" "# If a preseed file cannot be used to preseed some steps, the install can\n" "# still be fully automated, since you can pass preseed values to the kernel\n" "# on the command line. Just pass path/to/var=value for any of the preseed\n" "# variables listed below.\n" "#\n" "# While you're at it, you may want to throw a debconf/priority=critical in\n" "# there, to avoid most questions even if the preseeding below misses some.\n" "# And you might set the timeout to 1 in syslinux.cfg to avoid needing to " "hit\n" "# enter to boot the installer.\n" "#\n" "# Note that the 2.4 kernel accepts a maximum of 8 command line options and\n" "# 8 environment options (including any options added by default for the\n" "# installer). If these numbers are exceeded, 2.4 kernels will drop any\n" "# excess options and 2.6 kernels will panic. With kernel 2.6.9 or newer,\n" "# you can use 32 command line options and 32 environment options.\n" "#\n" "# Some of the default options, like 'vga=normal' may be safely removed\n" "# for most installations, which may allow you to add more options for\n" "# preseeding.\n" "\n" "# To select your language and country, use this setting, but remember\n" "# that this will only work for initrd based preseeding, for other forms of\n" "# preseeding you must convert it into a kernel parameter,\n" "# such as debian-installer/locale=en_US\n" "d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US\n" "\n" "# To select your keyboard, use this setting. Again it will need to be\n" "# passed as a kernel parameter for most preseed setups.\n" "d-i console-keymaps-at/keymap select us\n" "\n" "#### Network configuration.\n" "\n" "# Of course, this won't work if you're loading your preseed file from the\n" "# network! But it's great if you're booting from CD or USB stick. You can\n" "# also pass network config parameters in on the kernel params if you are\n" "# loading preseed files from the network.\n" "\n" "# netcfg will choose an interface that has link if possible. This makes it\n" "# skip displaying a list if there is more than one interface.\n" "d-i netcfg/choose_interface select auto\n" "\n" "# If you have a slow dhcp server and the installer times out waiting for\n" "# it, this might be useful.\n" "#d-i netcfg/dhcp_timeout string 60\n" "\n" "# If you prefer to configure the network manually, here's how:\n" "#d-i netcfg/disable_dhcp boolean true\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_nameservers string 192.168.1.1\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_ipaddress string 192.168.1.42\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_netmask string 255.255.255.0\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_gateway string 192.168.1.1\n" "#d-i netcfg/confirm_static boolean true\n" "\n" "# Note that any hostname and domain names assigned from dhcp take\n" "# precedence over values set here. However, setting the values still\n" "# prevents the questions from being shown even if values come from dhcp.\n" "d-i netcfg/get_hostname string unassigned-hostname\n" "d-i netcfg/get_domain string unassigned-domain\n" "\n" "# Disable that annoying WEP key dialog.\n" "d-i netcfg/wireless_wep string\n" "# The wacky dhcp hostname that some ISPs use as a password of sorts.\n" "#d-i netcfg/dhcp_hostname string radish\n" "\n" "#### Mirror settings.\n" "\n" "d-i mirror/country string enter information manually\n" "d-i mirror/http/hostname string http.us.debian.org\n" "d-i mirror/http/directory string /debian\n" "d-i mirror/http/proxy string\n" "\n" "# What suite of Debian to install.\n" "#d-i mirror/suite string testing\n" "# What suite of Debian to use for loading installer components.\n" "# (Defaults to same as mirror/suite.)\n" "#d-i mirror/udeb/suite string testing\n" "\n" "#### Partitioning.\n" "\n" "# If the system has free space you can choose to only partition that space.\n" "#d-i partman-auto/init_automatically_partition \\\n" "# select Use the largest continuous free space\n" "\n" "# Alternatively, you can specify a disk to partition. The device name can\n" "# be given in either devfs or traditional non-devfs format.\n" "# For example, to use the first disk devfs knows of:\n" "d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/discs/disc0/disc\n" "\n" "# You can choose from any of the predefined partitioning recipes:\n" "d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe \\\n" " select All files in one partition (recommended for new users)\n" "#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select Desktop machine\n" "#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select Multi-user workstation\n" "\n" "# Or provide a recipe of your own...\n" "# The recipe format is documented in the file devel/partman-auto-recipe." "txt.\n" "# If you have a way to get a recipe file into the d-i environment, you can\n" "# just point at it.\n" "#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe_file string /hd-media/recipe\n" "\n" "# If not, you can put an entire recipe the preseed file in one (logical)\n" "# line. This example creates a small /boot partition, suitable swap, and\n" "# uses the rest of the space for the root partition:\n" "#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string \\\n" "# boot-root :: \\\n" "# 40 50 100 ext3 \\\n" "# $primary{ } $bootable{ } \\\n" "# method{ format } format{ } \\\n" "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \\\n" "# mountpoint{ /boot } \\\n" "# . \\\n" "# 500 10000 1000000000 ext3 \\\n" "# method{ format } format{ } \\\n" "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \\\n" "# mountpoint{ / } \\\n" "# . \\\n" "# 64 512 300% linux-swap \\\n" "# method{ swap } format{ } \\\n" "# .\n" "\n" "# This makes partman automatically partition without confirmation.\n" "d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true\n" "d-i partman/choose_partition \\\n" " select Finish partitioning and write changes to disk\n" "d-i partman/confirm boolean true\n" "\n" "#### Boot loader installation.\n" "\n" "# Grub is the default boot loader (for x86). If you want lilo installed\n" "# instead, uncomment this:\n" "#d-i grub-installer/skip boolean true\n" "\n" "# This is fairly safe to set, it makes grub install automatically to the " "MBR\n" "# if no other operating system is detected on the machine.\n" "d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true\n" "\n" "# This one makes grub-installer install to the MBR if if finds some other " "OS\n" "# too, which is less safe as it might not be able to boot that other OS.\n" "d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true\n" "\n" "# Alternatively, if you want to install to a location other than the mbr,\n" "# uncomment and edit these lines:\n" "#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,0)\n" "#d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean false\n" "#d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean false\n" "\n" "#### Finishing up the first stage install.\n" "\n" "# Avoid that last message about the install being complete.\n" "d-i prebaseconfig/reboot_in_progress note\n" "\n" "# This will prevent the installer from ejecting the CD during the reboot,\n" "# which is useful in some situations.\n" "#d-i cdrom-detect/eject boolean false\n" "\n" "#### Shell commands.\n" "\n" "# d-i preseeding is inherently not secure. Nothing in the installer checks\n" "# for attempts at buffer overflows or other exploits of the values of a\n" "# preseed file like this one. Only use preseed files from trusted\n" "# locations! To drive that home, and because it's generally useful, here's\n" "# a way to run any shell command you'd like inside the installer,\n" "# automatically.\n" "\n" "# This first command is run as early as possible, just after\n" "# preseeding is read.\n" "#d-i preseed/early_command string anna-install some-udeb\n" "\n" "# This command is run just before the install finishes, but when there is\n" "# still a usable /target directory.\n" "#d-i preseed/late_command string echo foo > /target/etc/bar\n" "\n" "# This command is run just as base-config is starting up.\n" "#base-config base-config/early_command string echo hi mom\n" "\n" "# This command is run after base-config is done, just before the login:\n" "# prompt. This is a good way to install a set of packages you want, or to\n" "# tweak the configuration of the system.\n" "#base-config base-config/late_command \\\n" "# string apt-get install zsh; chsh -s /bin/zsh\n" "\n" "###### Preseeding the 2nd stage of the installation.\n" "\n" "#### Preseeding base-config.\n" "\n" "# Avoid the introductory message.\n" "base-config base-config/intro note\n" "\n" "# Avoid the final message.\n" "base-config base-config/login note\n" "\n" "# If you installed a display manager, but don't want to start it " "immediately\n" "# after base-config finishes.\n" "#base-config base-config/start-display-manager boolean false\n" "\n" "# Some versions of the installer can report back on what you've installed.\n" "# The default is not to report back, but sending reports helps the project\n" "# determine what software is most popular and include it on CDs.\n" "#popularity-contest popularity-contest/participate boolean false\n" "\n" "#### Clock and time zone setup.\n" "\n" "# Controls whether or not the hardware clock is set to UTC.\n" "d-i clock-setup/utc boolean true\n" "\n" "# You may set this to any valid setting for $TZ; see the contents of\n" "# /usr/share/zoneinfo/ for options.\n" "d-i time/zone string US/Eastern\n" "\n" "#### Account setup.\n" "\n" "# To preseed the root password, you have to put it in the clear in this\n" "# file. That is not a very good idea, use caution!\n" "#passwd passwd/root-password password r00tme\n" "#passwd passwd/root-password-again password r00tme\n" "\n" "# If you want to skip creation of a normal user account.\n" "#passwd passwd/make-user boolean false\n" "\n" "# Alternatively, you can preseed the user's name and login.\n" "#passwd passwd/user-fullname string Debian User\n" "#passwd passwd/username string debian\n" "# And their password, but use caution!\n" "#passwd passwd/user-password password insecure\n" "#passwd passwd/user-password-again password insecure\n" "\n" "#### Apt setup.\n" "\n" "# This question controls what source the second stage installation uses\n" "# for packages. Choices are cdrom, http, ftp, filesystem, edit sources list\n" "# by hand\n" "base-config apt-setup/uri_type select http\n" "\n" "# If you choose ftp or http, you'll be asked for a country and a mirror.\n" "base-config apt-setup/country select enter information manually\n" "base-config apt-setup/hostname string http.us.debian.org\n" "base-config apt-setup/directory string /debian\n" "# Stop after choosing one mirror.\n" "base-config apt-setup/another boolean false\n" "\n" "# You can choose to install non-free and contrib software.\n" "#base-config apt-setup/non-free boolean true\n" "#base-config apt-setup/contrib boolean true\n" "\n" "# Do enable security updates.\n" "base-config apt-setup/security-updates boolean true\n" "\n" "#### Package selection.\n" "\n" "# You can choose to install any combination of tasks that are available.\n" "# Available tasks as of this writing include: Desktop environment,\n" "# Web server, Print server, DNS server, File server, Mail server,\n" "# SQL database, Laptop, Standard system, manual package selection. The\n" "# last of those will run aptitude. You can also choose to install no\n" "# tasks, and force the installation of a set of packages in some other\n" "# way. We recommend always including the Standard system task.\n" "tasksel tasksel/first multiselect Desktop environment, Standard system\n" "#tasksel tasksel/first multiselect Web server, Standard system\n" "\n" "#### Mailer configuration.\n" "\n" "# During a normal install, exim asks only a few questions. Here's how to\n" "# avoid even those. More complicated preseeding is possible.\n" "exim4-config exim4/dc_eximconfig_configtype \\\n" " select no configuration at this time\n" "exim4-config exim4/no_config boolean true\n" "exim4-config exim4/no_config boolean true\n" "\n" "# It's a good idea to set this to whatever user account you choose to\n" "# create. Leaving the value blank results in postmaster mail going to\n" "# /var/mail/mail.\n" "exim4-config exim4/dc_postmaster string\n" "\n" "#### X Configuration.\n" "\n" "# Preseeding Debian's X config is possible, but you probably need to know\n" "# some details about the video hardware of the machine, since Debian's X\n" "# configurator does not do fully automatic configuration of everything.\n" "\n" "# X can detect the right driver for some cards, but if you're preseeding,\n" "# you override whatever it chooses. Still, vesa will work most places.\n" "#xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/config/device/driver select vesa\n" "\n" "# A caveat with mouse autodetection is that if it fails, X will retry it\n" "# over and over. So if it's preseeded to be done, there is a possibility of\n" "# an infinite loop if the mouse is not autodetected.\n" "#xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/autodetect_mouse boolean true\n" "\n" "# Monitor autodetection is recommended.\n" "xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/autodetect_monitor boolean true\n" "# Uncomment if you have an LCD display.\n" "#xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/config/monitor/lcd boolean true\n" "# X has three configuration paths for the monitor. Here's how to preseed\n" "# the \"medium\" path, which is always available. The \"simple\" path may " "not\n" "# be available, and the \"advanced\" path asks too many questions.\n" "xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/config/monitor/selection-method \\\n" " select medium\n" "xserver-xfree86 xserver-xfree86/config/monitor/mode-list \\\n" " select 1024x768 @ 60 Hz\n" "\n" "#### Everything else.\n" "\n" "# Depending on what software you choose to install, or if things go wrong\n" "# during the installation process, it's possible that other questions may\n" "# be asked. You can preseed those too, of course. To get a list of every\n" "# possible question that could be asked during an install, do an\n" "# installation, and then run these commands:\n" "# debconf-get-selections --installer > file\n" "# debconf-get-selections >> file\n" "\n" "# If you like, you can include other preseed files into this one.\n" "# Any settings in those files will override pre-existing settings from this\n" "# file. More that one file can be listed, separated by spaces; all will be\n" "# loaded. The included files can have preseed/include directives of their\n" "# own as well. Note that if the filenames are relative, they are taken from\n" "# the same directory as the preseed file that includes them.\n" "#d-i preseed/include string x.cfg\n" "\n" "# The installer can optionally verify checksums of preseed files before\n" "# using them. Currently only md5sums are supported, list the md5sums\n" "# in the same order as the list of files to include.\n" "#d-i preseed/include/checksum string 5da499872becccfeda2c4872f9171c3d\n" "\n" "# More flexibly, this runs a shell command and if it outputs the names of\n" "# preseed files, includes those files. \n" "#d-i preseed/include_command \\\n" "# string echo if [ \"`hostname`\" = bob ]; then echo bob.cfg; fi\n" "\n" "# To check the format of your preseed file before performing an install,\n" "# you can use debconf-set-selections:\n" "# debconf-set-selections -c preseed.cfg" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:62 #, no-c-format msgid "Linux Devices" msgstr "Linux 里的设备" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:63 #, no-c-format msgid "" "In Linux you have various special files in /dev. These " "files are called device files. In the Unix world accessing hardware is " "different. There you have a special file which actually runs a driver which " "in turn accesses the hardware. The device file is an interface to the actual " "system component. Files under /dev also behave " "differently than ordinary files. Below are the most important device files " "listed." msgstr "" "在 Linux 里，您会在 /dev 发现许多很特别的文件。这些文件" "被称为设备文件。在 Unix 世界里，访问硬件的方式有些不一样。这些特别的文件的背" "后其实运行着驱动程序，而正是驱动程序控制着硬件。设备文件就是访问真实的系统部" "件的接口。/dev 目录下的文件的各种特性也和普通文件大相径" "庭。下面列举了最重要的一些设备文件。" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:78 #, no-c-format msgid "fd0" msgstr "fd0" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:79 #, no-c-format msgid "First Floppy Drive" msgstr "第一个软驱" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:81 #, no-c-format msgid "fd1" msgstr "fd1" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:82 #, no-c-format msgid "Second Floppy Drive" msgstr "第二个软驱" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:88 #, no-c-format msgid "hda" msgstr "hda" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:89 #, no-c-format msgid "IDE Hard disk / CD-ROM on the first IDE port (Master)" msgstr "在第一个 IDE 口(Master)的 IDE 硬盘/光驱" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:91 #, no-c-format msgid "hdb" msgstr "hdb" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:92 #, no-c-format msgid "IDE Hard disk / CD-ROM on the first IDE port (Slave)" msgstr "在第一个 IDE 口(Slave)的 IDE 硬盘/光驱" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:94 #, no-c-format msgid "hdc" msgstr "hdc" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:95 #, no-c-format msgid "IDE Hard disk / CD-ROM on the second IDE port (Master)" msgstr "在第二个 IDE 口(Master)的 IDE 硬盘/光驱" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:97 #, no-c-format msgid "hdd" msgstr "hdd" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:98 #, no-c-format msgid "IDE Hard disk / CD-ROM on the second IDE port (Slave)" msgstr "在第二个 IDE 口(Slave)的 IDE 硬盘/光驱" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:100 #, no-c-format msgid "hda1" msgstr "hda1" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:101 #, no-c-format msgid "First partition of the first IDE hard disk" msgstr "在第一块 IDE 硬盘上的第一个分区" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:103 #, no-c-format msgid "hdd15" msgstr "hdd15" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:104 #, no-c-format msgid "Fifteenth partition of the fourth IDE hard disk" msgstr "在第四块 IDE 硬盘上的第十五个分区" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:110 #, no-c-format msgid "sda" msgstr "sda" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:111 #, no-c-format msgid "SCSI Hard disk with lowest SCSI ID (e.g. 0)" msgstr "SCSI ID (比如 0)最小的 SCSI 硬盘" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:113 #, no-c-format msgid "sdb" msgstr "sdb" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:114 #, no-c-format msgid "SCSI Hard disk with next higher SCSI ID (e.g. 1)" msgstr "下一个 SCSI ID (比如 1)的 SCSI 硬盘" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:116 #, no-c-format msgid "sdc" msgstr "sdc" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:117 #, no-c-format msgid "SCSI Hard disk with next higher SCSI ID (e.g. 2)" msgstr "下一个 SCSI ID (比如 2)的 SCSI 硬盘" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:119 #, no-c-format msgid "sda1" msgstr "sda1" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:120 #, no-c-format msgid "First partition of the first SCSI hard disk" msgstr "在第一块 SCSI 硬盘上的第一个分区" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:122 #, no-c-format msgid "sdd10" msgstr "sdd10" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:123 #, no-c-format msgid "Tenth partition of the fourth SCSI hard disk" msgstr "在第四块 SCSI 硬盘上的第十个分区" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:129 #, no-c-format msgid "sr0" msgstr "sr0" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:130 #, no-c-format msgid "SCSI CD-ROM with the lowest SCSI ID" msgstr "SCSI ID 最小的 SCSI 光驱" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:132 #, no-c-format msgid "sr1" msgstr "sr1" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:133 #, no-c-format msgid "SCSI CD-ROM with the next higher SCSI ID" msgstr "下一个 SCSI ID 的 SCSI 光驱" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:139 #, no-c-format msgid "ttyS0" msgstr "ttyS0" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:140 #, no-c-format msgid "Serial port 0, COM1 under MS-DOS" msgstr "串口 0，即 MS-DOS 下的 COM1" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:142 #, no-c-format msgid "ttyS1" msgstr "ttyS1" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:143 #, no-c-format msgid "Serial port 1, COM2 under MS-DOS" msgstr "串口 1，即 MS-DOS 下的 COM2" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:145 #, no-c-format msgid "psaux" msgstr "psaux" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:146 #, no-c-format msgid "PS/2 mouse device" msgstr "PS/2 鼠标设备" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:148 #, no-c-format msgid "gpmdata" msgstr "gpmdata" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:149 #, no-c-format msgid "Pseudo device, repeater data from GPM (mouse) daemon" msgstr "伪设备，中转从GPM(鼠标)服务传来的数据" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:155 #, no-c-format msgid "cdrom" msgstr "cdrom" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:156 #, no-c-format msgid "Symbolic link to the CD-ROM drive" msgstr "指向光驱的符号链接" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:158 #, no-c-format msgid "mouse" msgstr "mouse" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:159 #, no-c-format msgid "Symbolic link to the mouse device file" msgstr "指向鼠标设备文件的符号链接" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:165 #, no-c-format msgid "null" msgstr "null" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:166 #, no-c-format msgid "Everything pointed to this device will disappear" msgstr "所有指向该设备的东西都会消失" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:168 #, no-c-format msgid "zero" msgstr "zero" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:169 #, no-c-format msgid "One can endlessly read zeros out of this device" msgstr "可以从该设备永无休止地读出零" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:176 #, no-c-format msgid "Setting Up Your Mouse" msgstr "设定您的鼠标" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:178 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The mouse can be used in both the Linux console (with gpm) and the X window " "environment. The two uses can be made compatible if the gpm repeater is used " "to allow the signal to flow to the X server as shown: " "\n" "mouse => /dev/psaux => gpm => /dev/gpmdata -> /dev/mouse => " "X\n" " /dev/ttyS0 (repeater) (symlink)\n" " /dev/ttyS1\n" " Set the repeater protocol to be raw (in " "/etc/gpm.conf) while setting X to the original mouse " "protocol in /etc/X11/XF86Config or /etc/X11/" "XF86Config-4." msgstr "" "无论在 Linux 的控制台(console)里(通过 gpm)，还是在 X 窗口环境之中，您都可以使" "用鼠标。这两种用法是可以兼容的，只要设置 gpm 转发器，令其让信号流往 X 服务" "器： \n" "mouse => /dev/psaux => gpm => /dev/gpmdata -> /dev/mouse => " "X\n" " /dev/ttyS0 (repeater) (symlink)\n" " /dev/ttyS1\n" " 把转发器的协议设为直接(raw)模式(在 /" "etc/gpm.conf 里)，同时在 /etc/X11/XF86Config " "或者 /etc/X11/XF86Config-4 里设置一下，让 X 使用原始的鼠" "标协议。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:190 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This approach to use gpm even in X has advantages when the mouse is " "unplugged inadvertently. Simply restarting gpm with " "\n" "# /etc/init.d/gpm restart\n" " will re-connect the mouse in software without " "restarting X." msgstr "" "用这种方法使用 gpm 的话，就算在 X 里也有其优势。如果不小心把鼠标拔下来后，只" "要像这样重新启动 gpm 就可以了： \n" "# /etc/init.d/gpm restart\n" " 如此就可以在软件层面上重新连接鼠标，而不用重启 X " "了。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:199 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If gpm is disabled or not installed with some reason, make sure to set X to " "read directly from the mouse device such as /dev/psaux. For details, refer " "to the 3-Button Mouse mini-Howto at /usr/share/doc/HOWTO/en-txt/" "mini/3-Button-Mouse.gz, man gpm, " "/usr/share/doc/gpm/FAQ.gz, and README.mouse." msgstr "" "如果您禁用了 gpm，或者因为某些原因没有安装它，请确保设置里是让 X 从鼠标设备" "(比如 /dev/psaux) 直接读取数据的。欲知详情，请参阅三键鼠标的迷您指南，即 " "/usr/share/doc/HOWTO/en-txt/mini/3-Button-Mouse.gz、" "man gpm、/usr/share/doc/gpm/FAQ.gz 以及 README.mouse 里设置一下，让 X 使用原始的鼠标协议。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:209 #, no-c-format msgid "" "For PowerPC, in /etc/X11/XF86Config or /etc/" "X11/XF86Config-4, set the mouse device to \"/dev/input/" "mice\"." msgstr "" "对 PowerPC 来说，需要在/etc/X11/XF86Config或者 " "/etc/X11/XF86Config-4 设置鼠标设备里或者 \"/" "dev/input/mice\"。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:215 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Modern kernels give you the capability to emulate a three-button mouse when " "your mouse only has one button. Just add the following lines to /" "etc/sysctl.conf file." msgstr "" "当您的鼠标只有一个按键的时候，流行的内核具有模拟三健鼠标的能力。只需将下面行" "加入 /etc/sysctl.conf 文件。" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:221 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# 3-button mouse emulation\n" "# turn on emulation\n" "/dev/mac_hid/mouse_button_emulation = 1\n" "# Send middle mouse button signal with the F11 key\n" "/dev/mac_hid/mouse_button2_keycode = 87\n" "# Send right mouse button signal with the F12 key\n" "/dev/mac_hid/mouse_button3_keycode = 88\n" "# For different keys, use showkey to tell you what the code is." msgstr "" "# 3-button mouse emulation\n" "# turn on emulation\n" "/dev/mac_hid/mouse_button_emulation = 1\n" "# Send middle mouse button signal with the F11 key\n" "/dev/mac_hid/mouse_button2_keycode = 87\n" "# Send right mouse button signal with the F12 key\n" "/dev/mac_hid/mouse_button3_keycode = 88\n" "# For different keys, use showkey to tell you what the code is." #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:228 #, no-c-format msgid "Disk Space Needed for Tasks" msgstr "各软件集所需的磁盘空间" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:240 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The base installation for i386 using the default 2.4 kernel, including all " "standard packages, requires 573MB of disk space." msgstr "" "在 i386 架构上，基本的安装默认使用 2.4 内核，需要 573MB 的磁盘空间，这里面包" "含了所有的标准软件包。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:245 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The following table lists sizes reported by aptitude for the tasks listed in " "tasksel. Note that some tasks have overlapping constituents, so the total " "installed size for two tasks together may be less than the total obtained by " "adding up the numbers." msgstr "" "下面的表格一一列出了 tasksel 中每个软件集所需的磁盘空间大小。该报表是使用 " "aptitude 生成的。请注意，有些软件集之间会有相重叠的部分，所以两个软件集一同安" "装后所占的空间，可能会小于这两个软件集分别安装所占的空间。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:252 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Note that you will need to add the sizes listed in the table to the size of " "the base installation when determining the size of partitions. Most of the " "size listed as Installed size will end up in /usr; the size listed as Download size is (temporarily) " "required in /var." msgstr "" "注意您需要将表格中列出的尺寸加上基本安装尺寸以决定分区的大小。多数列出的尺寸" "如安装尺寸将用在 /usr；列在下载尺" "寸是(临时地)用在 /var。" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:265 #, no-c-format msgid "Task" msgstr "任务" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:266 #, no-c-format msgid "Installed size (MB)" msgstr "安装尺寸 (MB)" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:267 #, no-c-format msgid "Download size (MB)" msgstr "下载尺寸 (MB)" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:268 #, no-c-format msgid "Space needed to install (MB)" msgstr "用于安装所需空间 (MB)" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:274 #, no-c-format msgid "Desktop" msgstr "桌面" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:275 #, no-c-format msgid "1392" msgstr "1392" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:276 #, no-c-format msgid "460" msgstr "460" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:277 #, no-c-format msgid "1852" msgstr "1852" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:281 #, no-c-format msgid "Web server" msgstr "Web 服务器" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:282 #, no-c-format msgid "36" msgstr "36" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:283 #, no-c-format msgid "12" msgstr "12" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:284 #, no-c-format msgid "48" msgstr "48" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:288 #, no-c-format msgid "Print server" msgstr "打印服务器" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:289 #, no-c-format msgid "168" msgstr "168" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:290 #, no-c-format msgid "58" msgstr "58" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:291 #, no-c-format msgid "226" msgstr "226" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:295 #, no-c-format msgid "DNS server" msgstr "DNS 服务器" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:296 #, no-c-format msgid "2" msgstr "2" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:297 #, no-c-format msgid "1" msgstr "1" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:298 random-bits.xml:311 #, no-c-format msgid "3" msgstr "3" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:302 #, no-c-format msgid "File server" msgstr "文件服务器" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:303 #, no-c-format msgid "47" msgstr "47" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:304 #, no-c-format msgid "24" msgstr "24" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:305 #, no-c-format msgid "71" msgstr "71" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:309 #, no-c-format msgid "Mail server" msgstr "邮件服务器" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:310 #, no-c-format msgid "10" msgstr "10" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:312 #, no-c-format msgid "13" msgstr "13" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:316 #, no-c-format msgid "SQL database" msgstr "SQL 数据库" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:317 #, no-c-format msgid "66" msgstr "66" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:318 #, no-c-format msgid "21" msgstr "21" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:319 #, no-c-format msgid "87" msgstr "87" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:325 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The Desktop task will install both the Gnome and KDE " "desktop environments." msgstr "桌面 任务将同时安装 Gnome 和 KDE 桌面环境。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:332 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you install in a language other than English, tasksel " "may automatically install a localization task, if one " "is available for your language. Space requirements differ per language; you " "should allow up to 200MB in total for download and installation." msgstr "" "如果安装英文之外的其他语言，tasksel 在语言有对应 locale " "时，可以自动安装 localization task。每种语言需要的空间" "不同；您应该给 200MB 以上的空间用于下载和安装。" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:347 #, no-c-format msgid "Installing &debian; from a Unix/Linux System" msgstr "通过 Unix/Linux 系统来安装 &debian;" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:349 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This section explains how to install &debian; from an existing Unix or Linux " "system, without using the menu-driven installer as explained in the rest of " "the manual. This cross-install HOWTO has been requested by " "users switching to &debian; from Red Hat, Mandrake, and SUSE. In this " "section some familiarity with entering *nix commands and navigating the file " "system is assumed. In this section, $ symbolizes a command " "to be entered in the user's current system, while # refers " "to a command entered in the Debian chroot." msgstr "" "本节说明了如何通过现有的 Unix 或 Linux 系统来安装 &debian;，而非使用本手册后" "面要谈到的由菜单驱动的安装软件。这篇交叉安装(cross-install) " "HOWTO 是应用户的要求而撰写的。他们原来是 Redhat、Mandrake 和 SUSE 的用户，现" "转而使用 &debian;。在本节中，我们假设您对于输入 *nix 命令以及在文件系统中穿梭" "移动并不生疏。同时，在本节中，$ 标志着这个命令是在用户当前使" "用的系统中输入的，而 # 则表示这个命令是在 Debian chroot 环境" "中输入的。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:361 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Once you've got the new Debian system configured to your preference, you can " "migrate your existing user data (if any) to it, and keep on rolling. This is " "therefore a zero downtime &debian; install. It's also a " "clever way for dealing with hardware that otherwise doesn't play friendly " "with various boot or installation media." msgstr "" "您一旦根据自己的要求配置好了新的 Debian 系统，就可以将您的原来系统中的用户数" "据(如果有的话)悉数迁移到 Debian 里去。然后就能继续爽了。一言以蔽之，这是一次" "不停机的 &debian; 安装。同时，这也是处理那些因为硬件原因不能通" "过任何引导或者安装介质完成安装的权宜之计。" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:373 #, no-c-format msgid "Getting Started" msgstr "准备运动" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:374 #, no-c-format msgid "" "With your current *nix partitioning tools, repartition the hard drive as " "needed, creating at least one filesystem plus swap. You need at least 150MB " "of space available for a console only install, or at least 300MB if you plan " "to install X." msgstr "" "根据需要，用已经安装的 *nix 的分区工具重新分区，要划分出至少一个文件系统外加" "交换分区。您如果只用控制台(console)的话，至少要准备 150MB 空间，倘若想要装 " "X，就需要至少 300MB 的空间了。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:381 #, no-c-format msgid "" "To create file systems on your partitions. For example, to create an ext3 " "file system on partition /dev/hda6 (that's our example " "root partition): \n" "# mke2fs -j /dev/hda6\n" " To create an ext2 file system instead, omit " "-j." msgstr "" "这里谈一下如何在您的分区上创建文件系统。举例来说，如果要在 /dev/" "hda6 分区(以后的例子中，将把它作为 root 分区) 建立一个 ext3 格式的" "文件系统，就像这样： \n" "# mke2fs -j /dev/hda6\n" " 如果想建立的是 ext2 格式的文件系统，就要去掉 " "-j。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:391 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Initialize and activate swap (substitute the partition number for your " "intended Debian swap partition): \n" "# mkswap /dev/hda5\n" "# sync; sync; sync\n" "# swapon /dev/hda5\n" " Mount one partition as /mnt/debinst (the installation point, to be the root (/) " "filesystem on your new system). The mount point name is strictly arbitrary, " "it is referenced later below." msgstr "" "初始化并激活交换分区(请把分区编号替换成您希望用作交换分区的分区编号): " "\n" "# mkswap /dev/hda5\n" "# sync; sync; sync\n" "# swapon /dev/hda5\n" " 把一个分区挂载(mount)到 /mnt/debinst(这是安装的位置，将来作为您新系统的根(/)文件系" "统)。挂载点的名称是任意的，后面的步骤将会用到它。" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:403 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# mkdir /mnt/debinst\n" "# mount /dev/hda6 /mnt/debinst" msgstr "" "# mkdir /mnt/debinst\n" "# mount /dev/hda6 /mnt/debinst" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:406 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you want to have parts of the filesystem (e.g. /usr) mounted on separate " "partitions, you will need to create and mount these directories manually " "before proceding with the next stage." msgstr "如果您打算将部分文件系统(例如，/usr)放到独立的分区，在进入下一阶段之前，需要手动创建和加载这些目录。" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:416 #, no-c-format msgid "Install debootstrap" msgstr "安装 debootstrap" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:417 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The tool that the Debian installer uses, which is recognized as the official " "way to install a Debian base system, is debootstrap. It " "uses wget and ar, but otherwise " "depends only on /bin/sh. Install wget and ar if they aren't already on your current " "system, then download and install debootstrap." msgstr "" "Debian 安装程序调用的软件，同时也为官方所采用，被用来安装基系统的工具是 " "debootstrap。它调用了 wget 和 " "ar，否则就仅仅依赖 /bin/sh。安装 " "wget 和 ar 如果您的系统里没有，然后再下" "载并安装 debootstrap。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:427 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you have an rpm-based system, you can use alien to convert the .deb into ." "rpm, or download an rpm-ized version at " msgstr "" "如果您用的是基于 rpm 的系统，那么可以用 alien 将 .deb 文件转换成为 .rpm 文" "件，或者下载已被打包成 rpm 包的版本，它位于 " #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:433 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Or, you can use the following procedure to install it manually. Make a work " "folder for extracting the .deb into: \n" "# mkdir work\n" "# cd work\n" " The debootstrap binary is " "located in the Debian archive (be sure to select the proper file for your " "architecture). Download the debootstrap .deb from the " " pool, copy the package to the work folder, and extract the binary files " "from it. You will need to have root privileges to install the binaries." msgstr "" "或者您也可以通过下面的步骤手动安装它。先新建一个工作目录，它被用来安放解压缩" "后的 .deb 文件： \n" "# mkdir work\n" "# cd work\n" " debootstrap 的二进制文件被打包" "在 Debian 的归档文件中(请确保选择了与您架构相对应的文件)。下载 " "debootstrap .deb 它位于 pool，把它拷贝到工作目录，并从" "该文件解压缩出这些二进制文件。要把二进制文件安装到系统中，您必须要拥有 root " "的权限。" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:448 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# ar -x debootstrap_0.X.X_arch.deb\n" "# cd /\n" "# zcat /full-path-to-work/work/data.tar.gz | tar xv" msgstr "" "# ar -x debootstrap_0.X.X_arch.deb\n" "# cd /\n" "# zcat /full-path-to-work/work/data.tar.gz | tar xv" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:450 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Note that running debootstrap may require you to have a " "minimal version of glibc installed (currently " "GLIBC_2.3). debootstrap itself is a shell script, but it " "calls various utilities that require glibc." msgstr "注意，运行 debootstrap 可能需要您有最小版本的 glibc (当前为 GLIBC_2.3)。 debootstrap 本身是一个 shell 脚本，但它会调用 glibc 的一下工具。" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:461 #, no-c-format msgid "Run debootstrap" msgstr "运行 debootstrap" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:462 #, no-c-format msgid "" "debootstrap can download the needed files directly from " "the archive when you run it. You can substitute any Debian archive mirror " "for http.us.debian.org/debian in the command example " "below, preferably a mirror close to you network-wise. Mirrors are listed at " "." msgstr "" "debootstrap 执行后，它会自己从归档文件库直接下载所需的文" "件。您可以把下面的命令行例子中的 http.us.debian.org/debian 替换成任何一个 Debian 归档文件库的镜像。选择镜像时，可以根据您的网" "络情况选择较近的一个。镜像的列表在 。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:471 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you have a &releasename; &debian; CD mounted at /cdrom, you could substitute a file URL instead of the http URL: " "file:/cdrom/debian/" msgstr "" "如果您已经把一张 &releasename; 版本的 &debian; CD 挂载在了 /cdrom 那么也可以把 http URL 替换成 file URL，即：file:/cdrom/" "debian/" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:477 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Substitute one of the following for ARCH in the " "debootstrap command: alpha, " "arm, hppa, i386, ia64, m68k, " "mips, mipsel, " "powerpc, s390, or " "sparc." msgstr "" "请将下列架构中的一个替换 ARCH 于 " "debootstrap 命令中： alpha, " "arm, hppa, i386, ia64, m68k, " "mips, mipsel, " "powerpc, s390，或 " "sparc。" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:494 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# /usr/sbin/debootstrap --arch ARCH &releasename; \\\n" " /mnt/debinst http://http.us.debian.org/debian" msgstr "" "# /usr/sbin/debootstrap --arch ARCH &releasename; \\\\n /mnt/debinst " "http://http.us.debian.org/debian" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:500 #, no-c-format msgid "Configure The Base System" msgstr "基系统的配置" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:501 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Now you've got a real Debian system, though rather lean, on disk. " "Chroot into it:" msgstr "" "现在您在硬盘上已经装上了一套真正的 Debian 操作系统，尽管它还很瘦小。" "Chroot 用来进入该系统：" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:506 #, no-c-format msgid "# LANG= chroot /mnt/debinst /bin/bash" msgstr "# LANG= chroot /mnt/debinst /bin/bash" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:511 #, no-c-format msgid "Mount Partitions" msgstr "分区的挂载" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:512 #, no-c-format msgid "" "You need to create /etc/fstab. " "\n" "# editor /etc/fstab\n" " Here is a sample you can modify to suit: " "\n" "# /etc/fstab: static file system information.\n" "#\n" "# file system mount point type options dump pass\n" "/dev/XXX / ext3 defaults 0 1\n" "/dev/XXX /boot ext3 ro,nosuid,nodev 0 2\n" "\n" "/dev/XXX none swap sw 0 0\n" "proc /proc proc defaults 0 0\n" "\n" "/dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy auto noauto,rw,sync,user,exec 0 0\n" "/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom iso9660 noauto,ro,user,exec 0 0\n" "\n" "/dev/XXX /tmp ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 2\n" "/dev/XXX /var ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 2\n" "/dev/XXX /usr ext3 rw,nodev 0 2\n" "/dev/XXX /home ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 2\n" " Use mount -a to mount all " "the file systems you have specified in your /etc/fstab, " "or to mount file systems individually use: \n" "# mount /path # e.g.: mount /usr\n" " You can mount the proc file system multiple " "times and to arbitrary locations, though /proc is " "customary. If you didn't use mount -a, be sure to " "mount proc before continuing:" msgstr "" "您需要新建 /etc/fstab。\n" "# editor /etc/fstab\n" " 这里有个样板，您不妨根据自己的情况来修改它： \n" "# /etc/fstab: static file system information.\n" "#\n" "# file system mount point type options dump pass\n" "/dev/XXX / ext3 defaults 0 1\n" "/dev/XXX /boot ext3 ro,nosuid,nodev 0 2\n" "\n" "/dev/XXX none swap sw 0 0\n" "proc /proc proc defaults 0 0\n" "\n" "/dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy auto noauto,rw,sync,user,exec 0 0\n" "/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom iso9660 noauto,ro,user,exec 0 0\n" "\n" "/dev/XXX /tmp ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 2\n" "/dev/XXX /var ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 2\n" "/dev/XXX /usr ext3 rw,nodev 0 2\n" "/dev/XXX /home ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 2\n" " 您可以通过 mount -a 来挂载您的 /etc/fstab 中所标明的所有文件系统，您也可以一个一个地分别挂载这些文件系统，像： \n" "# mount /path # e.g.: mount /usr\n" " 您可以多次挂载 proc 文件系统。尽管通常把它挂载到 /proc，但是它还是可以被挂载到任意的地方。如果您没有用 mount -a，那么请一定要再接着做之前先把 proc 挂载好：" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:532 #, no-c-format msgid "# mount -t proc proc /proc" msgstr "# mount -t proc proc /proc" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:534 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The command ls /proc should now show a non-empty " "directory. Should this fail, you may be able to mount proc from outside the " "chroot:" msgstr "ls /proc 命令现在应该列出非空目录。如果失败，您应该从 chroot: 以为加载 proc。" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:540 #, no-c-format msgid "# mount -t proc proc /mnt/debinst/proc" msgstr "# mount -t proc proc /mnt/debinst/proc" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:546 #, no-c-format msgid "Configure Keyboard" msgstr "键盘的配置" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:547 #, no-c-format msgid "To configure your keyboard:" msgstr "若要配置您的键盘，请：" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:551 #, no-c-format msgid "# dpkg-reconfigure console-data" msgstr "# dpkg-reconfigure console-data" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:553 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Note that the keyboard cannot be set while in the chroot, but will be " "configured for the next reboot." msgstr "注意，在 chroot 里面不能设置键盘，但重新启动以后可以。" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:562 #, no-c-format msgid "Configure Networking" msgstr "网络的配置" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:563 #, no-c-format msgid "" "To configure networking, edit /etc/network/interfaces, " "/etc/resolv.conf, and /etc/hostname. \n" "# editor /etc/network/interfaces\n" " Here are some simple examples from /" "usr/share/doc/ifupdown/examples: \n" "######################################################################\n" "# /etc/network/interfaces -- configuration file for ifup(8), ifdown(8)\n" "# See the interfaces(5) manpage for information on what options are\n" "# available.\n" "######################################################################\n" "\n" "# We always want the loopback interface.\n" "#\n" "auto lo\n" "iface lo inet loopback\n" "\n" "# To use dhcp:\n" "#\n" "# auto eth0\n" "# iface eth0 inet dhcp\n" "\n" "# An example static IP setup: (broadcast and gateway are optional)\n" "#\n" "# auto eth0\n" "# iface eth0 inet static\n" "# address 192.168.0.42\n" "# network 192.168.0.0\n" "# netmask 255.255.255.0\n" "# broadcast 192.168.0.255\n" "# gateway 192.168.0.1\n" " Enter your nameserver(s) and search directives " "in /etc/resolv.conf: \n" "# editor /etc/resolv.conf\n" " A simple /etc/resolv.conf: " "\n" "search hqdom.local\\000\n" "nameserver 10.1.1.36\n" "nameserver 192.168.9.100\n" " Enter your system's host name (2 to 63 " "characters): \n" "# echo DebianHostName > /etc/hostname\n" " If you have multiple network cards, you should " "arrange the names of driver modules in the /etc/modules " "file into the desired order. Then during boot, each card will be associated " "with the interface name (eth0, eth1, etc.) that you expect." msgstr "" "要配置网络，请修改 /etc/network/interfaces, /" "etc/resolv.conf 和 /etc/hostname。" "\n" "# editor /etc/network/interfaces\n" " 这里有些简单的例子，来自 /usr/share/" "doc/ifupdown/examples: \n" "######################################################################\n" "# /etc/network/interfaces -- configuration file for ifup(8), ifdown(8)\n" "# See the interfaces(5) manpage for information on what options are\n" "# available.\n" "######################################################################\n" "\n" "# We always want the loopback interface.\n" "#\n" "auto lo\n" "iface lo inet loopback\n" "\n" "# To use dhcp:\n" "#\n" "# auto eth0\n" "# iface eth0 inet dhcp\n" "\n" "# An example static IP setup: (broadcast and gateway are optional)\n" "#\n" "# auto eth0\n" "# iface eth0 inet static\n" "# address 192.168.0.42\n" "# network 192.168.0.0\n" "# netmask 255.255.255.0\n" "# broadcast 192.168.0.255\n" "# gateway 192.168.0.1\n" " 填入您的 nameserver(s) 和搜索指令到 /" "etc/resolv.conf: \n" "# editor /etc/resolv.conf\n" " 这里有个简单的 /etc/resolv.conf: \n" "search hqdom.local\\000\n" "nameserver 10.1.1.36\n" "nameserver 192.168.9.100\n" " 输入您的系统的主机名 (2 到 63 个字符): " "\n" "# echo DebianHostName > /etc/hostname\n" " 如果您有多块网卡，在您修改 /etc/" "modules 文件时，一定要按照期望的顺序排列驱动模块的名字。这样的话，" "在系统启动时，每块网卡就能获得您所预期的 interface 名称了 (eth0、eth1 等等)。" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:599 #, no-c-format msgid "Configure Timezone, Users, and APT" msgstr "时区、用户和 APT 的配置" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:600 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Set your timezone, add a normal user, and choose your apt " "sources by running" msgstr "" "设置您的时区，添加一个普通用户，再运行下面的指令选择您的 apt 源" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:605 #, no-c-format msgid "# /usr/sbin/base-config new" msgstr "# /usr/sbin/base-config new" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:611 #, no-c-format msgid "Configure Locales" msgstr "locales 的设置" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:612 #, no-c-format msgid "" "To configure your locale settings to use a language other than English, " "install the locales support package and configure it: " "\n" "# apt-get install locales\n" "# dpkg-reconfigure locales\n" " NOTE: Apt must be configured before, ie. during " "the base-config phase. Before using locales with character sets other than " "ASCII or latin1, please consult the appropriate localization HOWTO." msgstr "" "要配置您的 locale 设定，以便使用英语以外的其它语言，就需要安装 提供 locales " "支持的软件包，同时配置之： \n" "# apt-get install locales\n" "# dpkg-reconfigure locales\n" " 注意：在此之前必须配置好 apt，即在 base-config 阶" "段就配置好它。在使用非 ASCII 或 latin1 的字符集的 locale 之前，请先参阅相应的" "本地化指南(localisation HOWTO)。" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:628 #, no-c-format msgid "Install a Kernel" msgstr "内核的安装" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:629 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you intend to boot this system, you probably want a Linux kernel and a " "boot loader. Identify available pre-packaged kernels with " "\n" "# apt-cache search kernel-image\n" " Then install your choice using its package name." msgstr "" "您若想启动这个系统，您很可能还需要一个 Linux 内核和一个 boot loader。可以用下" "面指令找到那些目前可用的被打好包的内核 \n" "# apt-cache search kernel-image\n" " 接下来把您所选中的内核的软件包名作为命令行的参数" "来安装它。" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:638 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# apt-get install kernel-image-2.X.X-arch-etc" msgstr "" "# apt-get install kernel-image-2.X.X-arch-etc" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:644 #, no-c-format msgid "Set up the Boot Loader" msgstr "Boot Loader 的设置" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:645 #, no-c-format msgid "" "To make your &debian; system bootable, set up your boot loader to load the " "installed kernel with your new root partition. Note that debootstrap does " "not install a boot loader, though you can use apt-get inside your Debian " "chroot to do so." msgstr "" "要让您的 &debian; 系统能够启动，还要设置您的 boot loader，好让它能加载已安装" "的内核并用上新的根分区。注意 debootstrap 不会安装 boot loader，因此您要在 " "Debian 的 chroot 中使用 apt-get 完成。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:652 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Check info grub or man lilo.conf for instructions on setting up the bootloader. If you are keeping " "the system you used to install Debian, just add an entry for the Debian " "install to your existing grub menu.lst or " "lilo.conf. For lilo.conf, you " "could also copy it to the new system and edit it there. After you are done " "editing, call lilo (remember it will use lilo.conf " "relative to the system you call it from)." msgstr "" "通过查阅 info grub 或 man lilo.conf 可以得到一些有关设置 bootloader 的提示。如果您希望保留用来安装 " "Debian 的那个系统，那么就在现有的 grub menu.lst 或 " "lilo.conf 里为 Debian 系统的安装添加一条配置就可以了。对" "于 lilo.conf您也可以把这个文件拷贝到新的系统里，然后在新" "的系统里编辑它。当您修改好配置，运行 lilo (请记住，您在哪个系统里运行 lilo，" "它就会用哪个系统里的 lilo.conf )。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:663 #, no-c-format msgid "Here is a basic /etc/lilo.conf as an example:" msgstr "下面有一个简单的/etc/lilo.conf 作为例子：" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:667 #, no-c-format msgid "" "boot=/dev/hda6\n" "root=/dev/hda6\n" "install=menu\n" "delay=20\n" "lba32\n" "image=/vmlinuz\n" "label=Debian" msgstr "" "boot=/dev/hda6\n" "root=/dev/hda6\n" "install=menu\n" "delay=20\n" "lba32\n" "image=/vmlinuz\n" "label=Debian" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:669 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Check man yaboot.conf for instructions on setting up " "the bootloader. If you are keeping the system you used to install Debian, " "just add an entry for the Debian install to your existing yaboot." "conf. You could also copy it to the new system and edit it there. " "After you are done editing, call ybin (remember it will use yaboot." "conf relative to the system you call it from)." msgstr "" "通过查阅 man yaboot.conf 可以得到一些有关设置 " "bootloader 的提示。如果您希望继续保留用来安装 Debian 的那个系统，那么在 " "yaboot.conf 里为 Debian 系统的安装添加一条配置就可以了。" "您也可以把这个文件拷贝到新的系统里，然后在新的系统里编辑它。当您修改完毕配" "置，运行 ybin (请记住，您在哪个系统里运行 yaboot.conf )。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:679 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Here is a basic /etc/yaboot.conf as an example: " "\n" "boot=/dev/hda2\n" "device=hd:\n" "partition=6\n" "root=/dev/hda6\n" "magicboot=/usr/lib/yaboot/ofboot\n" "timeout=50\n" "image=/vmlinux\n" "label=Debian\n" " On some machines, you may need to use " "ide0: instead of hd:." msgstr "" "下面有一个简单的/etc/yaboot.conf 作为例子： " "\n" "boot=/dev/hda2\n" "device=hd:\n" "partition=6\n" "root=/dev/hda6\n" "magicboot=/usr/lib/yaboot/ofboot\n" "timeout=50\n" "image=/vmlinux\n" "label=Debian\n" " 在有的电脑上，您或许应该把 ide0: 换成 hd:。" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:697 #, no-c-format msgid "Installing &debian; over Parallel Line IP (PLIP)" msgstr "通过 Parallel Line IP (PLIP) 来安装 &debian;" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:699 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This section explains how to install &debian; on a computer without Ethernet " "card, but with just a remote gateway computer attached via a Null-Modem " "cable (also called Null-Printer cable). The gateway computer should be " "connected to a network that has a Debian mirror on it (e.g. to the Internet)." msgstr "" "本节将说明在没有以太网卡的情况下，如何通过一条 Null-Modem 线(也称为 Null-" "Printer 线)，连接到远端网关计算机来安装 &debian;。充当网关的计算机应该连接到" "具有 Debian 镜像的网络(例如，互联网)。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:707 #, no-c-format msgid "" "In the example in this appendix we will set up a PLIP connection using a " "gateway connected to the Internet over a dial-up connection (ppp0). We will " "use IP addresses 192.168.0.1 and 192.168.0.2 for the PLIP interfaces on the " "target system and the source system respectively (these addresses should be " "unused within your network address space)." msgstr "" "本附录里面的例子中，我们将建立一个 PLIP 连接，使用的网关通过拨号连接(ppp0)到" "互联网。我们还分别为目标和源系统的 PLIP 接口使用 192.168.0.1 和 192.168.0.2 " "IP 地址(这些地址在您的网络地址空间里面未被占用)。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:715 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The PLIP connection set up during the installation will also be available " "after the reboot into the installed system (see )." msgstr "" "在安装时建立的 PLIP 连接，重新启动后在新安装的系统里面仍然可用(参阅 )。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:720 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Before you start, you will need to check the BIOS configuration (IO base " "address and IRQ) for the parallel ports of both the source and target " "systems. The most common values are io=0x378, " "irq=7." msgstr "" "开始前，您需要检查一下源与目标系统并口的 BIOS 设置(IO 基地址和 IRQ)。常用的值" "为 io=0x378，irq=7。" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:730 #, no-c-format msgid "Requirements" msgstr "需求" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:733 #, no-c-format msgid "" "A target computer, called target, where Debian will be " "installed." msgstr "目标计算机，称为 target，将安装 Debian 在上面。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:739 #, no-c-format msgid "System installation media; see ." msgstr "系统安装介质；参阅 。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:744 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Another computer connected to the Internet, called source, that will function as the gateway." msgstr "" "另外一台连接到互联网的计算机，称为 source，功能是网关。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:750 #, no-c-format msgid "" "A DB-25 Null-Modem cable. See the PLIP-Install-HOWTO for more information on this cable and " "instructions how to make your own." msgstr "" "一条 DB-25 Null-Modem 线。参阅 PLIP-" "Install-HOWTO 了解这种线的更多信息，以及如何自己制作。" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:762 #, no-c-format msgid "Setting up source" msgstr "建立源" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:763 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The following shell script is a simple example of how to configure the " "source computer as a gateway to the Internet using ppp0." msgstr "" "下面的脚本是一个简单例子，说明如何配置使用 ppp0 连接到互联网的充当网关的源计" "算机。" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:768 #, no-c-format msgid "" "#!/bin/sh\n" "\n" "# We remove running modules from kernel to avoid conflicts and to\n" "# reconfigure them manually.\n" "modprobe -r lp parport_pc\n" "modprobe parport_pc io=0x378 irq=7\n" "modprobe plip\n" "\n" "# Configure the plip interface (plip0 for me, see dmesg | grep plip)\n" "ifconfig plip0 192.168.0.2 pointopoint " "192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.255 up\n" "\n" "# Configure gateway\n" "modprobe iptable_nat\n" "iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j " "MASQUERADE\n" "echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward" msgstr "" "#!/bin/sh\n" "\n" "# We remove running modules from kernel to avoid conflicts and to\n" "# reconfigure them manually.\n" "modprobe -r lp parport_pc\n" "modprobe parport_pc io=0x378 irq=7\n" "modprobe plip\n" "\n" "# Configure the plip interface (plip0 for me, see dmesg | grep plip)\n" "ifconfig plip0 192.168.0.2 pointopoint " "192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.255 up\n" "\n" "# Configure gateway\n" "modprobe iptable_nat\n" "iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j " "MASQUERADE\n" "echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:774 #, no-c-format msgid "Installing target" msgstr "安装目标" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:775 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Boot the installation media. The installation needs to be run in expert " "mode; enter expert at the boot prompt. Below are the " "answers that should be given during various stages of the installation." msgstr "" "用安装介质启动。安装需要使用专家模式; 在启动提示符下输入expert。下面是安装过程中不同阶段的应答。" #. Tag: guimenuitem #: random-bits.xml:787 #, no-c-format msgid "Load installer components" msgstr "加载安装组件" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:789 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Select the plip-modules option from the list; this " "will make the PLIP drivers available to the installation system." msgstr "" "从列表里面选择 plip-modules 选项; 它使安装系统可以使" "用 PLIP 驱动。" #. Tag: guimenuitem #: random-bits.xml:797 #, no-c-format msgid "Detect network hardware" msgstr "侦测网络硬件" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:802 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If target does have a network card, a list of driver " "modules for detected cards will be shown. If you want to force &d-i; to use " "plip instead, you have to deselect all listed driver modules. Obviously, if " "target doesn't have a network card, the installer will not show this list." msgstr "" "如果目标系统具有网卡，将显示侦测到的网卡的驱动模块列表。" "如果您希望强制 &d-i; 使用 plip，您应该排斥所有列出的驱动模块。显然，如果目标" "系统没有网卡，安装程序不会显示该列表。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:811 #, no-c-format msgid "Prompt for module parameters: Yes" msgstr "提示模块参数: Yes" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:816 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Because no network card was detected/selected earlier, the installer will " "ask you to select a network driver module from a list. Select the " "plip module." msgstr "" "因为前面没有网卡侦测/选择，安装程序将要求您从列表中选择网络驱动模块。选择 " "plip 模块。" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:823 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Additional parameters for module parport_pc: " "io=0x378 irq=7" msgstr "" "Additional parameters for module parport_pc: " "io=0x378 irq=7" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:829 #, no-c-format msgid "Additional parameters for module plip: leave empty" msgstr "Additional parameters for module plip: 保持空白" #. Tag: guimenuitem #: random-bits.xml:839 #, no-c-format msgid "Configure the network" msgstr "配置网络" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:842 #, no-c-format msgid "Auto-configure network with DHCP: No" msgstr "Auto-configure network with DHCP: No" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:847 #, no-c-format msgid "" "IP address: 192.168.0.1" msgstr "" "IP address: 192.168.0.1" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:852 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Point-to-point address: 192.168.0.2" msgstr "" "Point-to-point address: 192.168.0.2" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:858 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Name server addresses: you can enter the same addresses used on source (see " "/etc/resolv.conf)" msgstr "" "Name server addresses: 您可以使用与源计算机相同的地址 (参阅 /etc/" "resolv.conf)" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "A clean example file is available from &urlset-example-" #~ "preseed; or from the Internet at ." #~ msgstr "" #~ "整洁的示例文件包含在安装光盘的 /doc/install/" #~ "manual 目录，互联网上位于 。" #~ msgid "1537" #~ msgstr "1537" #~ msgid "521" #~ msgstr "521" #~ msgid "2058" #~ msgstr "2058" #~ msgid "92" #~ msgstr "92" #~ msgid "323" #~ msgstr "323" #~ msgid "41" #~ msgstr "41" #~ msgid "53" #~ msgstr "53" #~ msgid "119" #~ msgstr "119" #~ msgid "141" #~ msgstr "141"