# Debian GNU/Linux Installation Guide msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: d-i-manual\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: debian-boot@lists.debian.org\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2008-10-06 00:09+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2008-09-26 11:28+0800\n" "Last-Translator: Ji YongGang \n" "Language-Team: debian-chinese-gb \n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: application/x-xml2pot; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:16 #, no-c-format msgid "Automating the installation using preseeding" msgstr "使用预置自动进行安装" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:18 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This appendix explains how to preseed answers to questions in &d-i; to " "automate your installation." msgstr "本附录说明如何预置 &d-i; 中提问的答案，让安装过程自动化。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:23 preseed.xml:662 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The configuration fragments used in this appendix are also available as an " "example preconfiguration file from &urlset-example-preseed;." msgstr "本附录使用的配置片段也放在预置例子文件 &urlset-example-preseed; 里面。" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:31 #, no-c-format msgid "Introduction" msgstr "介绍" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:32 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Preseeding provides a way to set answers to questions asked during the " "installation process, without having to manually enter the answers while the " "installation is running. This makes it possible to fully automate most types " "of installation and even offers some features not available during normal " "installations." msgstr "" "预置提供了一种在安装过程中回答问题，而无须手动键入答案的途径。这让完全自动进" "行大多数的安装成为可能，并提供了一些普通安装方式下不具备的特性。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:40 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Preseeding is not required. If you use an empty preseed file, the installer " "will behave just the same way as in a normal manual installation. Each " "question you preseed will (if you got it right!) modify the installation in " "some way from that baseline." msgstr "" "预置文件并非必须。如果您使用空的预置文件，安装程序就会跟正常手动安装一样。每" "个问题的预置(如果使用正确!)都会以同样的方式修改对应的基准。" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:50 #, no-c-format msgid "Preseeding methods" msgstr "预置方法" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:51 #, no-c-format msgid "" "There are three methods that can be used for preseeding: initrd, file and network. " "Initrd preseeding will work with any installation method and supports " "preseeding of more things, but it requires the most preparation. File and " "network preseeding each can be used with different installation methods." msgstr "" "一共有三种方法可用于预置: initrd、file 和 network。initrd 方法可以用于任何一种安装" "方式并支持较多的预置内容，但它需要做的准备工作也最多。file 和 network 方法分" "别用于不同的安装方式。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:60 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The following table shows which preseeding methods can be used with which " "installation methods." msgstr "下面的表格显示了各种安装方式可选择的预置方法。" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:69 #, no-c-format msgid "Installation method" msgstr "安装方式" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:69 #, no-c-format msgid "initrd" msgstr "initrd" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:70 preseed.xml:510 #, no-c-format msgid "file" msgstr "file" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:70 #, no-c-format msgid "network" msgstr "network" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:76 #, no-c-format msgid "CD/DVD" msgstr "CD/DVD" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:77 preseed.xml:78 preseed.xml:79 preseed.xml:89 preseed.xml:91 #: preseed.xml:94 preseed.xml:95 preseed.xml:96 preseed.xml:99 preseed.xml:100 #: preseed.xml:101 preseed.xml:104 preseed.xml:106 preseed.xml:109 #: preseed.xml:111 #, no-c-format msgid "yes" msgstr "yes" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:81 #, no-c-format msgid "" "but only if you have network access, and set preseed/url " "appropriately" msgstr "除非您有网络并正确设置 preseed/url" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:88 #, no-c-format msgid "netboot" msgstr "netboot" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:90 preseed.xml:105 preseed.xml:110 #, no-c-format msgid "no" msgstr "no" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:93 #, no-c-format msgid "" "hd-media (including usb-stick)" msgstr "硬盘 (包括 U 盘)" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:98 #, no-c-format msgid "floppy based (cd-drivers)" msgstr "基于软盘 (cd-drivers)" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:103 #, no-c-format msgid "floppy based (net-drivers)" msgstr "基于软盘 (net-drivers)" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:108 #, no-c-format msgid "generic/tape" msgstr "generic/tape" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:117 #, no-c-format msgid "" "An important difference between the preseeding methods is the point at which " "the preconfiguration file is loaded and processed. For initrd preseeding " "this is right at the start of the installation, before the first question is " "even asked. For file preseeding this is after the CD or CD image has been " "loaded. For network preseeding it is only after the network has been " "configured." msgstr "" "这些预置方法的主要不同之处在于何时预置文件被加载和处理。对于 initrd 方法，它" "是在第一个问题询问之前，安装开始的时候。对于 file 方法，它是在加载 CD 或 CD " "映像之后。对 network 方法，它在网络配置完毕之后。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:126 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Obviously, any questions that have been processed before the " "preconfiguration file is loaded cannot be preseeded (this will include " "questions that are only displayed at medium or low priority, like the first " "hardware detection run). offers a way " "to avoid these questions being asked." msgstr "" "显而易见，在加载预置文件之前需要的过程都不能被预置(这里面包括只在 medium 或 " "low 优先级出现的问题，像首先运行的硬件检测)。 提供了避免这些问题被询问的方法。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:134 #, no-c-format msgid "" "In order to avoid the questions that would normally appear before the " "preseeding occurs, you can start the installer in auto mode. " "This delays questions that would normally be asked too early for preseeding " "(i.e. language, country and keyboard selection) until after the network " "comes up, thus allowing them to be preseeded. It also runs the installation " "at critical priority, which avoids many unimportant questions. See for details." msgstr "" "为了避免在预置之前询问，您可以让安装程序运行在 auto 模式。它延" "迟了预置之前出现询问问题(例如，语言、国家和键盘选择)，直至连上网络，使它们可" "以进行预置。它还让安装运行在 critical 优先级下，避免不重要的问题。参阅 了解详细信息。" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:148 #, no-c-format msgid "Limitations" msgstr "限制" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:149 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Although most questions used by &d-i; can be preseeded using this method, " "there are some notable exceptions. You must (re)partition an entire disk or " "use available free space on a disk; it is not possible to use existing " "partitions." msgstr "" "虽然使用这种方法能预先设置 &d-i; 的绝大多数问答，但还是有明显的例外。您必须" "(重新)分区整个硬盘，或者使用磁盘上的剩余空间; 但无法使用已经存在的分区。" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:223 #, no-c-format msgid "Using preseeding" msgstr "使用预置" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:224 #, no-c-format msgid "" "You will first need to create a preconfiguration file and place it in the " "location from where you want to use it. Creating the preconfiguration file " "is covered later in this appendix. Putting it in the correct location is " "fairly straightforward for network preseeding or if you want to read the " "file off a floppy or usb-stick. If you want to include the file on a CD or " "DVD, you will have to remaster the ISO image. How to get the " "preconfiguration file included in the initrd is outside the scope of this " "document; please consult the developers' documentation for &d-i;." msgstr "" "您首先要创建一个预置文件，并将它置于希望使用的地方。创建预置文件在后面的附录" "中有说明。如果您打算使用网络预置或者从软盘或 U 盘读取，直接将它放到正确的地方" "就可以了。如果您希望将它放到 CD 或 DVD 上面，那就需要重新制作一个 ISO 映像文" "件。而如何将预置文件包含到 initrd 里面，超出了本文档的范围；请查询 &d-i; 开发" "者文档。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:235 #, no-c-format msgid "" "An example preconfiguration file that you can use as basis for your own " "preconfiguration file is available from &urlset-example-preseed;. This file " "is based on the configuration fragments included in this appendix." msgstr "" "有一个预置文件的例子放在 &urlset-example-preseed;，您可以拿它作为自己预置文件" "的基础。此文件基于本附录所列的配置文件片段。" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:244 #, no-c-format msgid "Loading the preconfiguration file" msgstr "加载预置文件" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:245 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you are using initrd preseeding, you only have to make sure a file named " "preseed.cfg is included in the root directory of the " "initrd. The installer will automatically check if this file is present and " "load it." msgstr "" "如果使用 initrd 预置，您只需确保一个名为 preseed.cfg 的" "文件包含在 initrd 的根目录里面。安装程序会自动检测并加载。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:252 #, no-c-format msgid "" "For the other preseeding methods you need to tell the installer what file to " "use when you boot it. This is normally done by passing the kernel a boot " "parameter, either manually at boot time or by editing the bootloader " "configuration file (e.g. syslinux.cfg) and adding the " "parameter to the end of the append line(s) for the kernel." msgstr "" "其他的预置方法，您需要在启动的时候告诉安装程序所使用的文件。这通过给内核传递" "引导参数完成，可以在启动时手动指定，或者编辑启动加载器的配置文件(如，" "syslinux.cfg)，并在内核的附加行后面添加参数。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:260 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you do specify the preconfiguration file in the bootloader configuration, " "you might change the configuration so you don't need to hit enter to boot " "the installer. For syslinux this means setting the timeout to 1 in syslinux.cfg." msgstr "" "如果在 bootloader 设置里指定预置文件，可以修改配置让您不再需要键入回车启动安" "装程序。对于 syslinux，这意味着在 syslinux.cfg 里面设置 " "timeout 为 1。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:267 #, no-c-format msgid "" "To make sure the installer gets the right preconfiguration file, you can " "optionally specify a checksum for the file. Currently this needs to be a " "md5sum, and if specified it must match the preconfiguration file or the " "installer will refuse to use it." msgstr "" "为了保证安装程序得到正确的预置文件，您可以选择为预置文件指定校验和。当前使用" "的是 md5sum，如果指定，配置文件必须匹配，否则安装程序将拒绝使用。" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:276 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Boot parameters to specify:\n" "- if you're netbooting:\n" " preseed/url=http://host/path/to/preseed.cfg\n" " preseed/url/checksum=5da499872becccfeda2c4872f9171c3d\n" "\n" "- if you're booting a remastered CD:\n" " preseed/file=/cdrom/preseed.cfg\n" " preseed/file/checksum=5da499872becccfeda2c4872f9171c3d\n" "\n" "- if you're installing from USB media (put the preconfiguration file in the\n" " toplevel directory of the USB stick):\n" " preseed/file=/hd-media/preseed.cfg\n" " preseed/file/checksum=5da499872becccfeda2c4872f9171c3d" msgstr "" "Boot parameters to specify:\n" "- if you're netbooting:\n" " preseed/url=http://host/path/to/preseed.cfg\n" " preseed/url/checksum=5da499872becccfeda2c4872f9171c3d\n" "\n" "- if you're booting a remastered CD:\n" " preseed/file=/cdrom/preseed.cfg\n" " preseed/file/checksum=5da499872becccfeda2c4872f9171c3d\n" "\n" "- if you're installing from USB media (put the preconfiguration file in the\n" " toplevel directory of the USB stick):\n" " preseed/file=/hd-media/preseed.cfg\n" " preseed/file/checksum=5da499872becccfeda2c4872f9171c3d" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:278 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Note that preseed/url can be shortened to just " "url and preseed/file to just " "file when they are passed as boot parameters." msgstr "" "注意，在作为引导参数的时候，preseed/url 可以简写为 " "url，preseed/file 简写为 " "file。" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:288 #, no-c-format msgid "Using boot parameters to preseed questions" msgstr "使用引导参数预置问题的答案" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:289 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If a preconfiguration file cannot be used to preseed some steps, the install " "can still be fully automated, since you can pass preseed values on the " "command line when booting the installer." msgstr "" "如果预置文件无法设置一些步骤，安装也可以完全自动进行，这是因为您可以在引导安" "装程序时，在命令行上为内核传递预置的值。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:295 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Boot parameters can also be used if you do not really want to use " "preseeding, but just want to provide an answer for a specific question. Some " "examples where this can be useful are documented elsewhere in this manual." msgstr "" "引导参数可以在您不想使用预置的时候使用，但只提供一个特定问题的答案。在本手册" "中有一些这样的示例。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:301 #, no-c-format msgid "" "To set a value to be used inside &d-i;, just pass " "path/to/variable=value for any of the preseed variables listed in the " "examples in this appendix. If a value is to be used to configure packages " "for the target system, you will need to prepend the owner The owner of a debconf variable (or template) is " "normally the name of the package that contains the corresponding debconf " "template. For variables used in the installer itself the owner is d-" "i. Templates and variables can have more than one owner which helps " "to determine whether they can be removed from the debconf database if the " "package is purged. of the variable as in " "owner:path/to/variable=value. If you don't " "specify the owner, the value for the variable will not be copied to the " "debconf database in the target system and thus remain unused during the " "configuration of the relevant package." msgstr "" "要设置 &d-i; 中使用的值，只须传递 path/to/variable=value，它们是本附录中所列" "的任何一个。如果该值是用于配置目标系统的软件包，您需要预先设置 " "owner:path/to/variable=value 中的 " "owner debconf 变量(或模板)的 owner 通" "常是包含对应 debconf 模板的软件包明。对于安装程序自己使用的变量，owner 是 " "d-i。模板和变量可以有多个 owner，以助于删除软件包时判断它们是" "否要从 debconf 数据库中删除。 变量。如果您不指定 owner，该" "变量的值不会复制到目标系统上的 debconf 数据库，并在相关的软件包的配置中不使" "用。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:324 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Normally, preseeding a question in this way will mean that the question will " "not be asked. To set a specific default value for a question, but still have " "the question asked, use ?= instead of = as " "operator. See also ." msgstr "" "通常，采用这种方式预置是为了问题不再被询问。为了设置一个问题的默认答案，并仍" "然显示问题，请使用 ?= 替换 = 作为操作符。参阅 " "。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:331 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Note that some variables that are frequently set at the boot prompt have a " "shorter alias. If an alias is available, it is used in the examples in this " "appendix instead of the full variable. The preseed/url " "variable for example has been aliased as url. Another " "example is the tasks alias, which translates to " "tasksel:tasksel/first." msgstr "" "注意，一些常用的引导参数变量有简写别名。如果有简写形式，它们将会被用在附录的" "例子里面替代全称。例如，preseed/url 变量简写为 " "url。另一个例子是 tasks，它转换成 " "tasksel:tasksel/first。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:340 #, no-c-format msgid "" "A -- in the boot options has special meaning. Kernel " "parameters that appear after the last -- may be copied into " "the bootloader configuration for the installed system (if supported by the " "installer for the bootloader). The installer will automatically filter out " "any options (like preconfiguration options) that it recognizes." msgstr "" "-- 在启动选项中有特殊含义。最后一个 -- 后面出现" "的内核参数将被复制到安装的 bootloader 设置(假如安装程序支持 bootloader)。安装" "程序可以自动发现它能识别的选项(就像预置选项)。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:349 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Current linux kernels (2.6.9 and later) accept a maximum of 32 command line " "options and 32 environment options, including any options added by default " "for the installer. If these numbers are exceeded, the kernel will panic " "(crash). (For earlier kernels, these numbers were lower.)" msgstr "" "当前的 linux 内核(2.6.9 和更新的)，可以指定最多 32 个命令行选项和 32 个环境变" "量选项，包括安装程序默认的选项。如果数目超出，内核将崩溃。(早期的内核，接受较" "少的数目。)" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:357 #, no-c-format msgid "" "For most installations some of the default options in your bootloader " "configuration file, like vga=normal, may be safely " "removed which may allow you to add more options for preseeding." msgstr "" "大多数安装过程，在引导配置文件中一些默认的选项，比如 vga=normal，可以放心地删除，这让您可以添加更多的预置选项。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:364 #, no-c-format msgid "" "It may not always be possible to specify values with spaces for boot " "parameters, even if you delimit them with quotes." msgstr "引导参数中即使使用引号，也可能无法夹杂空格。" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:373 #, no-c-format msgid "Auto mode" msgstr "auto 模式" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:374 #, no-c-format msgid "" "There are several features of Debian Installer that combine to allow fairly " "simple command lines at the boot prompt to result in arbitrarily complex " "customized automatic installs. To illustrate this, here are some examples " "that can be used at the boot prompt: \n" "auto url=autoserver\n" " This relies on there being a DHCP server that " "will get the machine to the point where autoserver can be " "resolved by DNS, perhaps after adding the local domain if that was provided " "by DHCP. If this was done at a site where the domain is example." "com, and they have a reasonably sane DHCP setup, it would result " "in the preseed file being retrieved from http://autoserver.example." "com/d-i/&releasename;/./preseed.cfg." msgstr "" "Debian 安装程序提供了一些特性，可以组合引导提示符后面的简单命令行，达到复杂的" "自动安装效果。为了表达清楚，这里有一些例子，可以用在引导提示符后面：" "\n" "auto url=autoserver\n" " 这需要一个 DHCP 服务器能找到并且 DNS 可以解析 " "autoserver，或许要加上 DHCP 提供的本地域名。 如果域名是 " "example.com，并有相应的 DHCP 设置，那么预置文件将从 " "http://autoserver.example.com/d-i/&releasename;/./preseed.cfg 获得。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:391 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The last part of that url (d-i/&releasename;/./preseed.cfg) is taken from auto-install/defaultroot. By " "default this includes the directory &releasename; to " "allow future versions to specify their own codename and let people migrate " "forwards in a controlled manner. The /./ bit is used to " "indicate a root, relative to which subsequent paths can be anchored (for use " "in preseed/include and preseed/run). This allows files to be specified " "either as full URLs, paths starting with / that are thus anchored, or even " "paths relative to the location where the last preseed file was found. This " "can be used to construct more portable scripts where an entire hierarchy of " "scripts can be moved to a new location without breaking it, for example " "copying the files onto a USB stick when they started out on a web server. In " "this example, if the preseed file sets preseed/run to " "/scripts/late_command.sh then the file will be fetched " "from http://autoserver.example.com/d-i/&releasename;/./scripts/" "late_command.sh." msgstr "" "url 的最后一部分(d-i/&releasename;/./preseed.cfg)来自 " "auto-install/defaultroot。默认包括 &releasename;" " 目录，让将来的版本在可控的方式下指定自己的代号。/./ 位用来定位相对于根目录的子目录(用于 preseed/include 和 preseed/" "run)。使文件可以指定为完整路径、以 / 开始的位置或者相对于最后一个预置的文件。" "这样可以建立更具移植性的脚本，让各级脚本完整地移动到新的位置而不被破坏。比" "如，复制 web 服务器上的文件到 U 盘。本例中，如果预置文件的 preseed/" "run 为 /scripts/late_command.sh，那么文件将从 " "http://autoserver.example.com/d-i/&releasename;/./scripts/" "late_command.sh 获得。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:411 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If there is no local DHCP or DNS infrastructure, or if you do not want to " "use the default path to preseed.cfg, you can still use " "an explicit url, and if you don't use the /./ element it " "will be anchored to the start of the path (i.e. the third / in the URL). Here is an example that requires minimal support from " "the local network infrastructure: \n" "auto url=http://192.168.1.2/path/to/mypreseed.file\n" " The way this works is that:" msgstr "" "如果本地没有 DHCP 或 DNS，或者您不想使用 preseed.cfg 的" "默认路径，可以直接指定路径。并且，如果不使用 /./ 元素，它" "将定位到路径的起始点 (例如 URL 中的第三个 /)。下面的例子是" "局域网中最基本的要求：\n" "auto url=http://192.168.1.2/path/to/mypreseed.file\n" " 它会以下列方式运作：" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:424 #, no-c-format msgid "if the URL is missing a protocol, http is assumed," msgstr "如果 URL 不含协议，就使用 http" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:427 #, no-c-format msgid "" "if the hostname section contains no periods, it has the domain derived from " "DHCP appended to it, and" msgstr "如果主机名不含域名，将使用 DHCP 提供的，并且" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:431 #, no-c-format msgid "" "if there's no /'s after the hostname, then the default " "path is added." msgstr "如果主机名后面没有 /，那么将加上默认路径。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:437 #, no-c-format msgid "" "In addition to specifying the url, you can also specify settings that do not " "directly affect the behavior of &d-i; itself, but can be passed through to " "scripts specified using preseed/run in the loaded preseed " "file. At present, the only example of this is auto-install/classes, which has an alias classes. This can be used " "thus: \n" "auto url=example.com classes=class_A;" "class_B\n" " The classes could for example denote the type of " "system to be installed, or the localization to be used." msgstr "" "除了指定 url 之外，您还可以指定不直接影响 &d-i; 自己行为的设置，但是可以传递" "到预置文件加载的 preseed/run 中的脚本。当前，只有一个 " "auto-install/classes，它的别名是 classes。可以这样用：\n" "auto url=example.com classes=class_A;" "class_B\n" " classes 可以指定系统的类型，或者本地化信息。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:451 #, no-c-format msgid "" "It is of course possible to extend this concept, and if you do, it is " "reasonable to use the auto-install namespace for this. So one might have " "something like auto-install/style which is then used in " "your scripts. If you feel the need to do this, please mention it on the " "debian-boot@lists.debian.org mailing list so that we can " "avoid namespace conflicts, and perhaps add an alias for the parameter for " "you." msgstr "" "如果您愿意，当然可以扩充这个概念，合理地应用到自动安装范畴。可能会有诸如 " "auto-install/style 的内容加入到脚本。如果您觉得需要这样" "做，请发邮件到 debian-boot@lists.debian.org 邮件列表说明，我们" "可以避免名字空间的冲突，也可能会为您增加一个参数的别名。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:461 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The auto boot label is not yet defined on all " "architectures. The same effect may be achieved by simply adding the two " "parameters auto=true priority=critical to the kernel " "command line. The auto parameter is an alias for " "auto-install/enable and controls the delay of the locale " "and keyboard questions until after there has been a chance to preseed them, " "while priority is an alias for debconf/priority and setting it to critical stops any questions " "with a lower priority from being asked." msgstr "" "auto 引导标签还未在所有的架构中定义。在内核命令行上可以通" "过添加 auto=true priority=critical 两个参数达到同样的效" "果。auto 参数是 auto-install/enable 的" "别名，用来控制延迟地区和键盘等问题的提出，直到可以预置，其中 " "priority 是 debconf/priority 的别名，设" "置它为 critical 可以禁止在较低优先级下的问题提出。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:474 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Additional options that may be of interest while attempting to automate an " "install while using DHCP are: interface=auto netcfg/" "dhcp_timeout=60 which makes the machine choose the first viable " "NIC and be more patient about getting a reply to its DHCP query." msgstr "" "在使用 DHCP 自动安装时还有一个有趣的额外选项：interface=auto netcfg/" "dhcp_timeout=60，这让机器使用第一个可用的网卡并有耐心等待 DHCP 的查" "询。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:483 #, no-c-format msgid "" "An extensive example of how to use this framework, including example scripts " "and classes, can be found on the website of its developer. The examples available there also show " "many other nice effects that can be achieved by creative use of " "preconfiguration." msgstr "" "更多使用此框架的例子，包括示例脚本和类，可以在 website of its developer 找到。那里的例子还显示出预置可以达到" "更多的效果。" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:494 #, no-c-format msgid "Aliases useful with preseeding" msgstr "预置中有用的别名" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:495 #, no-c-format msgid "The following aliases can be useful when using (auto mode) preseeding." msgstr "下面的别名在使用(auto 模式)预置时可以用到。" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:505 #, no-c-format msgid "auto" msgstr "auto" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:505 #, no-c-format msgid "auto-install/enable" msgstr "auto-install/enable" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:506 #, no-c-format msgid "classes" msgstr "classes" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:506 #, no-c-format msgid "auto-install/classes" msgstr "auto-install/classes" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:507 #, no-c-format msgid "fb" msgstr "fb" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:507 #, no-c-format msgid "debian-installer/framebuffer" msgstr "debian-installer/framebuffer" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:508 #, no-c-format msgid "locale" msgstr "locale" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:508 #, no-c-format msgid "debian-installer/locale" msgstr "debian-installer/locale" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:509 #, no-c-format msgid "priority" msgstr "priority" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:509 #, no-c-format msgid "debconf/priority" msgstr "debconf/priority" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:510 #, no-c-format msgid "preseed/file" msgstr "preseed/file" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:511 #, no-c-format msgid "url" msgstr "url" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:511 #, no-c-format msgid "preseed/url" msgstr "preseed/url" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:512 #, no-c-format msgid "interface" msgstr "interface" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:512 #, no-c-format msgid "netcfg/choose_interface" msgstr "netcfg/choose_interface" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:513 #, no-c-format msgid "hostname   " msgstr "hostname   " #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:513 #, no-c-format msgid "netcfg/get_hostname" msgstr "netcfg/get_hostname" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:514 #, no-c-format msgid "domain" msgstr "domain" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:514 #, no-c-format msgid "netcfg/get_domain" msgstr "netcfg/get_domain" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:515 #, no-c-format msgid "protocol" msgstr "protocol" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:515 #, no-c-format msgid "mirror/protocol" msgstr "mirror/protocol" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:516 #, no-c-format msgid "suite" msgstr "suite" #. Tag: entry #: preseed.xml:516 #, no-c-format msgid "mirror/suite" msgstr "mirror/suite" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:523 #, no-c-format msgid "Using a DHCP server to specify preconfiguration files" msgstr "使用 DHCP 服务器指定预置文件" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:524 #, no-c-format msgid "" "It's also possible to use DHCP to specify a preconfiguration file to " "download from the network. DHCP allows specifying a filename. Normally this " "is a file to netboot, but if it appears to be an URL then installation media " "that support network preseeding will download the file from the URL and use " "it as a preconfiguration file. Here is an example of how to set it up in the " "dhcpd.conf for version 3 of the ISC DHCP server (the dhcp3-server Debian " "package)." msgstr "" "还可以使用 DHCP 来指定从网络下载的预置文件。DHCP 允许指定文件名。通常是用于 " "netboot 的文件，但如果是一个 URL，那么支持网络预置的安装介质就会从该 URL 下" "载，并用作预置文件。这是一个在 dhcpd.conf 中使用的例子，它用于 ISC DHCP 服务" "器第 3 版(Debian 里面是 dhcp3-server 软件包)。" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:535 #, no-c-format msgid "" "if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 3) = \"d-i\" {\n" " filename \"http://host/preseed.cfg\";\n" "}" msgstr "" "if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 3) = \"d-i\" {\n" " filename \"http://host/preseed.cfg\";\n" "}" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:537 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Note that the above example limits this filename to DHCP clients that " "identify themselves as \"d-i\", so it will not affect regular DHCP clients, " "but only the installer. You can also put the text in a stanza for only one " "particular host to avoid preseeding all installs on your network." msgstr "" "注意，上面的例子中使用的文件名限定 DHCP 客户端自己是 \"d-i\"，因此仅适用于安" "装程序，而对普通的 DHCP 客户端无效。您可以将只用于一个特殊的主机的文字放在一" "段，以避免预置网络中的其他安装。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:544 #, no-c-format msgid "" "A good way to use the DHCP preseeding is to only preseed values specific to " "your network, such as the Debian mirror to use. This way installs on your " "network will automatically get a good mirror selected, but the rest of the " "installation can be performed interactively. Using DHCP preseeding to fully " "automate Debian installs should only be done with care." msgstr "" "使用 DHCP 预置的一个好方法是仅预置网络相关的值，比如所使用的 Debian 镜像。这" "种方式下在网络中安装将会自动选择一个合适的镜像，而其余的安装部分仍可以交互进" "行。使用 DHCP 预置进行完整的 Debian 自动安装应该特别小心。" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:558 #, no-c-format msgid "Creating a preconfiguration file" msgstr "创建预置文件" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:559 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The preconfiguration file is in the format used by the debconf-set-" "selections command. The general format of a line in a " "preconfiguration file is:" msgstr "" "预先配置文件是 debconf-set-selections 命令使用的格式。通常" "预置文件中每一行的格式为：" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:565 #, no-c-format msgid "<owner> <question name> <question type> <value>" msgstr "" "<owner> <question name> <question type> <value>" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:567 #, no-c-format msgid "" "There are a few rules to keep in mind when writing a preconfiguration file." msgstr "编写预置文件的时候要留意几条规则。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:574 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Put only a single space or tab between type and value: any additional " "whitespace will be interpreted as belonging to the value." msgstr "" "在类型和值之间只有一个空格或者 tab：任何额外的空格将被解释为值的一部分。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:578 #, no-c-format msgid "" "A line can be split into multiple lines by appending a backslash " "(\\) as the line continuation character. A " "good place to split a line is after the question name; a bad place is " "between type and value." msgstr "" "一行可以通过行尾的反斜杠(\\)连接符分成多" "行。分割一行较好的地方是在问题名后面；而在类型和值之间则是糟糕的地方。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:584 #, no-c-format msgid "" "For debconf variables (templates) used in the installer itself, the owner " "should be set to d-i; to preseed variables used in the " "installed system, the name of the package that contains the corresponding " "debconf template should be used. Only variables that have their owner set to " "something other than d-i will be propagated to the debconf " "database for the installed system." msgstr "" "对于安装程序自己使用的 debconf 变量(模板)，owner 应该设置为 d-i；要在安装后的系统里面预置变量，应该使用名称中包含对应 debconf 模板的软" "件包。只有那些 owner 为非 d-i 的变量将被保存到安装后系统的 " "debconf 数据库里面。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:592 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Most questions need to be preseeded using the values valid in English and " "not the translated values. However, there are some questions (for example in " "partman) where the translated values need to be used." msgstr "" "大多数问题需要使用有效的英文预置值，而不是翻译过的值。但有些问题(例如 " "partman)，需要使用翻译过的值。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:598 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Some questions take a code as value instead of the English text that is " "shown during installation." msgstr "有些问题在安装过程中显示值的代码而不是英文文本。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:604 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The easiest way to create a preconfiguration file is to use the example file " "linked in as basis and work from there." msgstr "" "建立预置文件最简单的方法是使用例子文件作为工作的基础，它位于 。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:609 #, no-c-format msgid "" "An alternative method is to do a manual installation and then, after " "rebooting, use the debconf-get-selections from the " "debconf-utils package to dump both the debconf " "database and the installer's cdebconf database to a single file:" msgstr "" "另一种方法是手动安装，重启后，使用 debconf-utils 软件" "包里面的 debconf-get-selections 导出 debconf 数据库和安装" "程序的 cdebconf 数据库到一个文件：" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:616 #, no-c-format msgid "" "$ debconf-get-selections --installer > file\n" "$ debconf-get-selections >> file" msgstr "" "$ debconf-get-selections --installer > file\n" "$ debconf-get-selections >> file" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:618 #, no-c-format msgid "" "However, a file generated in this manner will have some items that should " "not be preseeded, and the example file is a better starting place for most " "users." msgstr "" "但用此方法产生的文件，有些项无法预置。对于大多数用户，示例文件是一个较佳的开" "始。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:626 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This method relies on the fact that, at the end of the installation, the " "installer's cdebconf database is saved to the installed system in /" "var/log/installer/cdebconf. However, because the database may " "contain sensitive information, by default the files are only readable by " "root." msgstr "" "这种方法在安装的最后，安装程序的 cdebconf 数据库被保存到新安装系统的 " "/var/log/installer/cdebconf 文件。由于数据库里面常还有敏" "感的信息，默认只为 root 可读。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:634 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The directory /var/log/installer and all files in it " "will be deleted from your system if you purge the package " "installation-report." msgstr "" "如果您清除 installation-report 软件包，/var/" "log/installer 目录及其中的文件将从您的系统中删除。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:642 #, no-c-format msgid "" "To check possible values for questions, you can use nano " "to examine the files in /var/lib/cdebconf while an " "installation is in progress. View templates.dat for the " "raw templates and questions.dat for the current values " "and for the values assigned to variables." msgstr "" "为了检测问题可用的值，您可以在安装进行中使用 nano 检查 " "/var/lib/cdebconf 下的文件。templates.dat 是原始的模板，questions.dat 是当前变量设置的" "值。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:650 #, no-c-format msgid "" "To check if the format of your preconfiguration file is valid before " "performing an install, you can use the command debconf-set-" "selections -c preseed.cfg." msgstr "" "为了在安装之前测试您的预置文件是否有效，您可以使用 debconf-set-" "selections -c preseed.cfg 命令。" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:661 #, no-c-format msgid "Contents of the preconfiguration file (for &releasename;)" msgstr "预置文件的内容(&releasename;)" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:667 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Note that this example is based on an installation for the Intel x86 " "architecture. If you are installing a different architecture, some of the " "examples (like keyboard selection and bootloader installation) may not be " "relevant and will need to be replaced by debconf settings appropriate for " "your architecture." msgstr "" "请注意，这里的例子是基于 Intel x86 架构的安装过程。如果您安装到其他架构，其中" "的一些例子(像键盘选择和引导加载器安装)可能不恰当，需要用适合您架构的 debconf " "设置替换。" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:678 #, no-c-format msgid "Localization" msgstr "本地化" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:679 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Setting localization values will only work if you are using initrd " "preseeding. With all other methods the preconfiguration file will only be " "loaded after these questions have been asked." msgstr "" "设置本地信息只适用于使用 initrd 预置。其他方式下这些问题是在询问之后加载的。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:685 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The locale can be used to specify both language and country. To specify the " "locale as a boot parameter, use locale=en_US." msgstr "" "本地可以指定语言和国家。要在引导参数上指定本地，使用 " "locale=en_US。" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:691 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# Locale sets language and country.\n" "d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US" msgstr "" "# Locale sets language and country.\n" "d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:693 #, fuzzy, no-c-format #| msgid "" #| "Keyboard configuration consists of selecting a keyboard architecture and " #| "a keymap. In most cases the correct keyboard architecture is selected by " #| "default, so there's normally no need to preseed it. The keymap must be " #| "valid for the selected keyboard architecture." msgid "" "Keyboard configuration consists of selecting a keyboard architecture and a " "keymap. In most cases the correct keyboard architecture is selected by " "default, so there's normally no need to preseed it. The keymap must be known " "to the &d-i; for the selected keyboard architecture." msgstr "" "键盘设置由键盘体系和 keymap 组成。大多数情况下，默认可以选择正确的键盘体系，" "因此通常不必预置。keymap 必须对所选择的键盘体系有效。" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:700 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# Keyboard selection.\n" "#d-i console-tools/archs select at\n" "d-i console-keymaps-at/keymap select us\n" "# Example for a different keyboard architecture\n" "#d-i console-keymaps-usb/keymap select mac-usb-us" msgstr "" "# Keyboard selection.\n" "#d-i console-tools/archs select at\n" "d-i console-keymaps-at/keymap select us\n" "# Example for a different keyboard architecture\n" "#d-i console-keymaps-usb/keymap select mac-usb-us" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:702 #, no-c-format msgid "" "To skip keyboard configuration, preseed console-tools/archs with skip-config. This will result in the " "kernel keymap remaining active." msgstr "" "使用 skip-config 可以跳过键盘预置 console-" "tools/archs。这将导致内核 keymap 保持活动。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:711 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The changes in the input layer for 2.6 kernels have made the keyboard " "architecture virtually obsolete. For 2.6 kernels normally a PC (at) keymap should be selected." msgstr "" "2.6 内核的输入层的变更实际上让键盘体系已经作废。对于 2.6 内核，通常应该选择 " "PC (at) keymap。" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:721 #, no-c-format msgid "Network configuration" msgstr "网络设置" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:722 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Of course, preseeding the network configuration won't work if you're loading " "your preconfiguration file from the network. But it's great when you're " "booting from CD or USB stick. If you are loading preconfiguration files from " "the network, you can pass network config parameters by using kernel boot " "parameters." msgstr "" "显而易见，预置网络设置对于从网络加载预置文件无效。但对从 CD 和 U 盘引导很有帮" "助。如果您计划从网络加载预置文件，应该使用传递网络设置给内核引导参数的方式。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:730 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you need to pick a particular interface when netbooting before loading a " "preconfiguration file from the network, use a boot parameter such as " "interface=eth1." msgstr "" "如果您需要网络引导从网络加载预置文件前指定网卡，请用这种引导参数 " "interface=eth1。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:736 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Although preseeding the network configuration is normally not possible when " "using network preseeding (using preseed/url), you can use the " "following hack to work around that, for example if you'd like to set a " "static address for the network interface. The hack is to force the network " "configuration to run again after the preconfiguration file has been loaded " "by creating a preseed/run script containing the following " "commands:" msgstr "" "虽然使用网络预置(用 preseed/url)通常并不能配置网络，但是您可以" "使用下面的技巧实现。例如，为网卡设置静态地址。它使加载了预置文件以后网络预置" "再运行一次，这需要将下面的命令包含在 preseed/run 脚本里面：" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:746 #, no-c-format msgid "killall.sh; netcfg" msgstr "killall.sh; netcfg" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:748 #, no-c-format msgid "The following debconf variables are relevant for network configuration." msgstr "下面的 debconf 变量与网络配置相关。" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:754 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# netcfg will choose an interface that has link if possible. This makes it\n" "# skip displaying a list if there is more than one interface.\n" "d-i netcfg/choose_interface select auto\n" "\n" "# To pick a particular interface instead:\n" "#d-i netcfg/choose_interface select eth1\n" "\n" "# If you have a slow dhcp server and the installer times out waiting for\n" "# it, this might be useful.\n" "#d-i netcfg/dhcp_timeout string 60\n" "\n" "# If you prefer to configure the network manually, uncomment this line and\n" "# the static network configuration below.\n" "#d-i netcfg/disable_dhcp boolean true\n" "\n" "# If you want the preconfiguration file to work on systems both with and\n" "# without a dhcp server, uncomment these lines and the static network\n" "# configuration below.\n" "#d-i netcfg/dhcp_failed note\n" "#d-i netcfg/dhcp_options select Configure network manually\n" "\n" "# Static network configuration.\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_nameservers string 192.168.1.1\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_ipaddress string 192.168.1.42\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_netmask string 255.255.255.0\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_gateway string 192.168.1.1\n" "#d-i netcfg/confirm_static boolean true\n" "\n" "# Any hostname and domain names assigned from dhcp take precedence over\n" "# values set here. However, setting the values still prevents the questions\n" "# from being shown, even if values come from dhcp.\n" "d-i netcfg/get_hostname string unassigned-hostname\n" "d-i netcfg/get_domain string unassigned-domain\n" "\n" "# Disable that annoying WEP key dialog.\n" "d-i netcfg/wireless_wep string\n" "# The wacky dhcp hostname that some ISPs use as a password of sorts.\n" "#d-i netcfg/dhcp_hostname string radish\n" "\n" "# If non-free firmware is needed for the network or other hardware, you can\n" "# configure the installer to always try to load it, without prompting. Or\n" "# change to false to disable asking.\n" "#d-i hw-detect/load_firmware boolean true" msgstr "" "# netcfg will choose an interface that has link if possible. This makes it\n" "# skip displaying a list if there is more than one interface.\n" "d-i netcfg/choose_interface select auto\n" "\n" "# To pick a particular interface instead:\n" "#d-i netcfg/choose_interface select eth1\n" "\n" "# If you have a slow dhcp server and the installer times out waiting for\n" "# it, this might be useful.\n" "#d-i netcfg/dhcp_timeout string 60\n" "\n" "# If you prefer to configure the network manually, uncomment this line and\n" "# the static network configuration below.\n" "#d-i netcfg/disable_dhcp boolean true\n" "\n" "# If you want the preconfiguration file to work on systems both with and\n" "# without a dhcp server, uncomment these lines and the static network\n" "# configuration below.\n" "#d-i netcfg/dhcp_failed note\n" "#d-i netcfg/dhcp_options select Configure network manually\n" "\n" "# Static network configuration.\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_nameservers string 192.168.1.1\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_ipaddress string 192.168.1.42\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_netmask string 255.255.255.0\n" "#d-i netcfg/get_gateway string 192.168.1.1\n" "#d-i netcfg/confirm_static boolean true\n" "\n" "# Any hostname and domain names assigned from dhcp take precedence over\n" "# values set here. However, setting the values still prevents the questions\n" "# from being shown, even if values come from dhcp.\n" "d-i netcfg/get_hostname string unassigned-hostname\n" "d-i netcfg/get_domain string unassigned-domain\n" "\n" "# Disable that annoying WEP key dialog.\n" "d-i netcfg/wireless_wep string\n" "# The wacky dhcp hostname that some ISPs use as a password of sorts.\n" "#d-i netcfg/dhcp_hostname string radish\n" "\n" "# If non-free firmware is needed for the network or other hardware, you can\n" "# configure the installer to always try to load it, without prompting. Or\n" "# change to false to disable asking.\n" "#d-i hw-detect/load_firmware boolean true" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:756 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Please note that netcfg will automatically determine the " "netmask if netcfg/get_netmask is not preseeded. In " "this case, the variable has to be marked as seen for " "automatic installations. Similarly, netcfg will choose an " "appropriate address if netcfg/get_gateway is not set. " "As a special case, you can set netcfg/get_gateway to " "none to specify that no gateway should be used." msgstr "" "请注意，如果 netcfg/get_netmask 没有预置，" "netcfg 将自动侦测掩码。这种情况下，为了自动安装，变量需要" "标记为 seen 。同样，如果 netcfg/get_gateway 没有设置，netcfg 将自动选择一个合适的地址。特殊" "情况下，您可以设置 netcfg/get_gateway 为 none 确定不使用网关。" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:772 #, no-c-format msgid "Mirror settings" msgstr "镜像设置" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:773 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Depending on the installation method you use, a mirror may be used to " "download additional components of the installer, to install the base system, " "and to set up the /etc/apt/sources.list for the " "installed system." msgstr "" "根据您使用的安装方式，镜像可用于下载安装程序的额外组件、安装基本系统以及为所" "安装的系统建立 /etc/apt/sources.list。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:780 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The parameter mirror/suite determines the suite for " "the installed system." msgstr "" "参数 mirror/suite 决定了安装好的系统使用的套件。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:785 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The parameter mirror/udeb/suite determines the suite " "for additional components for the installer. It is only useful to set this " "if components are actually downloaded over the network and should match the " "suite that was used to build the initrd for the installation method used for " "the installation. By default the value for mirror/udeb/suite is the same as mirror/suite." msgstr "" "参数 mirror/udeb/suite 决定安装程序使用的额外组件的套" "件。它只在组件通过网络下载并与安装时使用的 initrd 建立套件相匹配时才有效。默" "认情况下，mirror/udeb/suite 与 mirror/" "suite 的值相同。" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:797 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# If you select ftp, the mirror/country string does not need to be set.\n" "#d-i mirror/protocol string ftp\n" "d-i mirror/country string manual\n" "d-i mirror/http/hostname string &archive-mirror;\n" "d-i mirror/http/directory string /debian\n" "d-i mirror/http/proxy string\n" "\n" "# Suite to install.\n" "#d-i mirror/suite string testing\n" "# Suite to use for loading installer components (optional).\n" "#d-i mirror/udeb/suite string testing" msgstr "" "# If you select ftp, the mirror/country string does not need to be set.\n" "#d-i mirror/protocol string ftp\n" "d-i mirror/country string manual\n" "d-i mirror/http/hostname string &archive-mirror;\n" "d-i mirror/http/directory string /debian\n" "d-i mirror/http/proxy string\n" "\n" "# Suite to install.\n" "#d-i mirror/suite string testing\n" "# Suite to use for loading installer components (optional).\n" "#d-i mirror/udeb/suite string testing" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:802 #, no-c-format msgid "Clock and time zone setup" msgstr "时钟与时区设置" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:804 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# Controls whether or not the hardware clock is set to UTC.\n" "d-i clock-setup/utc boolean true\n" "\n" "# You may set this to any valid setting for $TZ; see the contents of\n" "# /usr/share/zoneinfo/ for valid values.\n" "d-i time/zone string US/Eastern\n" "\n" "# Controls whether to use NTP to set the clock during the install\n" "d-i clock-setup/ntp boolean true\n" "# NTP server to use. The default is almost always fine here.\n" "#d-i clock-setup/ntp-server ntp.example.com" msgstr "" "# Controls whether or not the hardware clock is set to UTC.\n" "d-i clock-setup/utc boolean true\n" "\n" "# You may set this to any valid setting for $TZ; see the contents of\n" "# /usr/share/zoneinfo/ for valid values.\n" "d-i time/zone string US/Eastern\n" "\n" "# Controls whether to use NTP to set the clock during the install\n" "d-i clock-setup/ntp boolean true\n" "# NTP server to use. The default is almost always fine here.\n" "#d-i clock-setup/ntp-server ntp.example.com" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:809 #, no-c-format msgid "Partitioning" msgstr "分区" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:810 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Using preseeding to partition the harddisk is very much limited to what is " "supported by partman-auto. You can choose to " "partition either existing free space on a disk or a whole disk. The layout " "of the disk can be determined by using a predefined recipe, a custom recipe " "from a recipe file or a recipe included in the preconfiguration file. It is " "currently not possible to partition multiple disks using preseeding." msgstr "" "使用预置进行硬盘分区受限于 partman-auto 提供的支持。您" "可以选择使用磁盘上已有的空闲分区或者整个磁盘。磁盘的布局将取决于所使用的预定" "义方案，用户自定义的方案文件或预置文件包含的方案。当前还不能使用预置配置多个" "磁盘。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:821 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The identification of disks is dependent on the order in which their drivers " "are loaded. If there are multiple disks in the system, make very sure the " "correct one will be selected before using preseeding." msgstr "" "磁盘的标识基于对应驱动加载的次序。如果系统里面有多个磁盘，要确定预置使用了正" "确的那一个。" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:829 #, fuzzy, no-c-format #| msgid "" #| "# If the system has free space you can choose to only partition that " #| "space.\n" #| "# Note: this must be preseeded with a localized (translated) value.\n" #| "#d-i partman-auto/init_automatically_partition \\\n" #| "# select Guided - use the largest continuous free space\n" #| "\n" #| "# Alternatively, you can specify a disk to partition. The device name " #| "must\n" #| "# be given in traditional non-devfs format.\n" #| "# For example, to use the first SCSI/SATA hard disk:\n" #| "# Note: A disk must be specified, unless the system has only one disk.\n" #| "#d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/sda\n" #| "# In addition, you'll need to specify the method to use.\n" #| "# The presently available methods are: \"regular\", \"lvm\" and \"crypto" #| "\"\n" #| "d-i partman-auto/method string lvm\n" #| "\n" #| "# If one of the disks that are going to be automatically partitioned\n" #| "# contains an old LVM configuration, the user will normally receive a\n" #| "# warning. This can be preseeded away...\n" #| "d-i partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm boolean true\n" #| "# And the same goes for the confirmation to write the lvm partitions.\n" #| "d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true\n" #| "\n" #| "# You can choose from any of the predefined partitioning recipes.\n" #| "# Note: this must be preseeded with a localized (translated) value.\n" #| "d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe \\\n" #| " select All files in one partition (recommended for new users)\n" #| "#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe \\\n" #| "# select Separate /home partition\n" #| "#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe \\\n" #| "# select Separate /home, /usr, /var, and /tmp partitions\n" #| "\n" #| "# Or provide a recipe of your own...\n" #| "# The recipe format is documented in the file devel/partman-auto-recipe." #| "txt.\n" #| "# If you have a way to get a recipe file into the d-i environment, you " #| "can\n" #| "# just point at it.\n" #| "#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe_file string /hd-media/recipe\n" #| "\n" #| "# If not, you can put an entire recipe into the preconfiguration file in " #| "one\n" #| "# (logical) line. This example creates a small /boot partition, suitable\n" #| "# swap, and uses the rest of the space for the root partition:\n" #| "#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string \\\n" #| "# boot-root :: \\\n" #| "# 40 50 100 ext3 \\\n" #| "# $primary{ } $bootable{ } \\\n" #| "# method{ format } format{ } \\\n" #| "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \\\n" #| "# mountpoint{ /boot } \\\n" #| "# . \\\n" #| "# 500 10000 1000000000 ext3 \\\n" #| "# method{ format } format{ } \\\n" #| "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \\\n" #| "# mountpoint{ / } \\\n" #| "# . \\\n" #| "# 64 512 300% linux-swap \\\n" #| "# method{ swap } format{ } \\\n" #| "# .\n" #| "\n" #| "# This makes partman automatically partition without confirmation, " #| "provided\n" #| "# that you told it what to do using one of the methods above.\n" #| "d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true\n" #| "d-i partman/choose_partition \\\n" #| " select Finish partitioning and write changes to disk\n" #| "d-i partman/confirm boolean true" msgid "" "# If the system has free space you can choose to only partition that space.\n" "#d-i partman-auto/init_automatically_partition select biggest_free\n" "\n" "# Alternatively, you can specify a disk to partition. The device name must\n" "# be given in traditional non-devfs format.\n" "# Note: A disk must be specified, unless the system has only one disk.\n" "# For example, to use the first SCSI/SATA hard disk:\n" "#d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/sda\n" "# In addition, you'll need to specify the method to use.\n" "# The presently available methods are: \"regular\", \"lvm\" and \"crypto\"\n" "d-i partman-auto/method string lvm\n" "\n" "# If one of the disks that are going to be automatically partitioned\n" "# contains an old LVM configuration, the user will normally receive a\n" "# warning. This can be preseeded away...\n" "d-i partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm boolean true\n" "# The same applies to pre-existing software RAID array:\n" "d-i parman-md/device_remove_md boolean true\n" "# And the same goes for the confirmation to write the lvm partitions.\n" "d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true\n" "\n" "# You can choose one of the three predefined partitioning recipes:\n" "# - atomic: all files in one partition\n" "# - home: separate /home partition\n" "# - multi: separate /home, /usr, /var, and /tmp partitions\n" "d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select atomic\n" "\n" "# Or provide a recipe of your own...\n" "# The recipe format is documented in the file devel/partman-auto-recipe." "txt.\n" "# If you have a way to get a recipe file into the d-i environment, you can\n" "# just point at it.\n" "#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe_file string /hd-media/recipe\n" "\n" "# If not, you can put an entire recipe into the preconfiguration file in " "one\n" "# (logical) line. This example creates a small /boot partition, suitable\n" "# swap, and uses the rest of the space for the root partition:\n" "#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string \\\n" "# boot-root :: \\\n" "# 40 50 100 ext3 \\\n" "# $primary{ } $bootable{ } \\\n" "# method{ format } format{ } \\\n" "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \\\n" "# mountpoint{ /boot } \\\n" "# . \\\n" "# 500 10000 1000000000 ext3 \\\n" "# method{ format } format{ } \\\n" "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \\\n" "# mountpoint{ / } \\\n" "# . \\\n" "# 64 512 300% linux-swap \\\n" "# method{ swap } format{ } \\\n" "# .\n" "\n" "# This makes partman automatically partition without confirmation, provided\n" "# that you told it what to do using one of the methods above.\n" "d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true\n" "d-i partman/choose_partition select finish\n" "d-i partman/confirm boolean true" msgstr "" "# If the system has free space you can choose to only partition that space.\n" "# Note: this must be preseeded with a localized (translated) value.\n" "#d-i partman-auto/init_automatically_partition \\\n" "# select Guided - use the largest continuous free space\n" "\n" "# Alternatively, you can specify a disk to partition. The device name must\n" "# be given in traditional non-devfs format.\n" "# For example, to use the first SCSI/SATA hard disk:\n" "# Note: A disk must be specified, unless the system has only one disk.\n" "#d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/sda\n" "# In addition, you'll need to specify the method to use.\n" "# The presently available methods are: \"regular\", \"lvm\" and \"crypto\"\n" "d-i partman-auto/method string lvm\n" "\n" "# If one of the disks that are going to be automatically partitioned\n" "# contains an old LVM configuration, the user will normally receive a\n" "# warning. This can be preseeded away...\n" "d-i partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm boolean true\n" "# And the same goes for the confirmation to write the lvm partitions.\n" "d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true\n" "\n" "# You can choose from any of the predefined partitioning recipes.\n" "# Note: this must be preseeded with a localized (translated) value.\n" "d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe \\\n" " select All files in one partition (recommended for new users)\n" "#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe \\\n" "# select Separate /home partition\n" "#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe \\\n" "# select Separate /home, /usr, /var, and /tmp partitions\n" "\n" "# Or provide a recipe of your own...\n" "# The recipe format is documented in the file devel/partman-auto-recipe." "txt.\n" "# If you have a way to get a recipe file into the d-i environment, you can\n" "# just point at it.\n" "#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe_file string /hd-media/recipe\n" "\n" "# If not, you can put an entire recipe into the preconfiguration file in " "one\n" "# (logical) line. This example creates a small /boot partition, suitable\n" "# swap, and uses the rest of the space for the root partition:\n" "#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string \\\n" "# boot-root :: \\\n" "# 40 50 100 ext3 \\\n" "# $primary{ } $bootable{ } \\\n" "# method{ format } format{ } \\\n" "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \\\n" "# mountpoint{ /boot } \\\n" "# . \\\n" "# 500 10000 1000000000 ext3 \\\n" "# method{ format } format{ } \\\n" "# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \\\n" "# mountpoint{ / } \\\n" "# . \\\n" "# 64 512 300% linux-swap \\\n" "# method{ swap } format{ } \\\n" "# .\n" "\n" "# This makes partman automatically partition without confirmation, provided\n" "# that you told it what to do using one of the methods above.\n" "d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true\n" "d-i partman/choose_partition \\\n" " select Finish partitioning and write changes to disk\n" "d-i partman/confirm boolean true" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:834 #, no-c-format msgid "Partitioning using RAID" msgstr "使用 RAID 分区" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:835 #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can also use preseeding to set up partitions on software RAID arrays. " "Supported are RAID levels 0, 1, 5, 6 and 10, creating degraded arrays and " "specifying spare devices. If you are using RAID 1, you can preseed grub to " "install to all devices used in the array; see ." msgstr "" "您可以使用预置来建立软 RAID 阵列。支持 RAID 等级 0、1、5、6 和 10，建立降级阵" "列(degraded arrays)和指定额外设备。如果使用了 RAID 1，您可以预置 grub 来安装" "阵列中的所有设备；参见 。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:845 #, fuzzy, no-c-format #| msgid "" #| "This type of automated partitioning is easy to get wrong. It is also a " #| "very new component that may still have some bugs or missing error " #| "handling. The responsibility to get the various recipes right (so they " #| "make sense and don't conflict) lies with the user. Check /var/" #| "log/syslog if you run into problems." msgid "" "This type of automated partitioning is easy to get wrong. It is also " "functionality that receives relatively little testing from the developers of " "&d-i;. The responsibility to get the various recipes right (so they make " "sense and don't conflict) lies with the user. Check /var/log/" "syslog if you run into problems." msgstr "" "这种自动分区方式很容易出错。它是一个非常新的模块，可能还有很多 bug 或者缺少错" "误的处理。让各种方案正确(有意义而不冲突)的责任在于用户。如果您遇到问题，检查" "一下 /var/log/syslog。" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:855 #, fuzzy, no-c-format #| msgid "" #| "# NOTE: this option is of beta release quality and should be used " #| "carefully\n" #| "\n" #| "# The method should be set to \"raid\".\n" #| "#d-i partman-auto/method string raid\n" #| "# Specify the disks to be partitioned. They will all get the same " #| "layout,\n" #| "# so this will only work if the disks are the same size.\n" #| "#d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/discs/disc0/disc /dev/discs/disc1/" #| "disc\n" #| "\n" #| "# Next you need to specify the physical partitions that will be used. \n" #| "#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string \\\n" #| "# multiraid :: \\\n" #| "# 1000 5000 4000 raid \\\n" #| "# $primary{ } method{ raid } \\\n" #| "# . \\\n" #| "# 64 512 300% raid \\\n" #| "# method{ raid } \\\n" #| "# . \\\n" #| "# 500 10000 1000000000 raid \\\n" #| "# method{ raid } \\\n" #| "# .\n" #| "\n" #| "# Last you need to specify how the previously defined partitions will be\n" #| "# used in the RAID setup. Remember to use the correct partition numbers\n" #| "# for logical partitions.\n" #| "# Parameters are:\n" #| "# <raidtype> <devcount> <sparecount> <fstype> <" #| "mountpoint> \\\n" #| "# <devices> <sparedevices>\n" #| "# RAID levels 0, 1, 5, 6 and 10 are supported; devices are separated " #| "using \"#\"\n" #| "#d-i partman-auto-raid/recipe string \\\n" #| "# 1 2 0 ext3 / \\\n" #| "# /dev/discs/disc0/part1#/dev/discs/disc1/part1 \\\n" #| "# . \\\n" #| "# 1 2 0 swap - \\\n" #| "# /dev/discs/disc0/part5#/dev/discs/disc1/part5 \\\n" #| "# . \\\n" #| "# 0 2 0 ext3 /home \\\n" #| "# /dev/discs/disc0/part6#/dev/discs/disc1/part6 \\\n" #| "# .\n" #| "\n" #| "# This makes partman automatically partition without confirmation.\n" #| "d-i partman-md/confirm boolean true\n" #| "d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true\n" #| "d-i partman/choose_partition \\\n" #| " select Finish partitioning and write changes to disk\n" #| "d-i partman/confirm boolean true" msgid "" "# NOTE: this option is of beta release quality and should be used carefully\n" "\n" "# The method should be set to \"raid\".\n" "#d-i partman-auto/method string raid\n" "# Specify the disks to be partitioned. They will all get the same layout,\n" "# so this will only work if the disks are the same size.\n" "#d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/discs/disc0/disc /dev/discs/disc1/disc\n" "\n" "# Next you need to specify the physical partitions that will be used. \n" "#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string \\\n" "# multiraid :: \\\n" "# 1000 5000 4000 raid \\\n" "# $primary{ } method{ raid } \\\n" "# . \\\n" "# 64 512 300% raid \\\n" "# method{ raid } \\\n" "# . \\\n" "# 500 10000 1000000000 raid \\\n" "# method{ raid } \\\n" "# .\n" "\n" "# Last you need to specify how the previously defined partitions will be\n" "# used in the RAID setup. Remember to use the correct partition numbers\n" "# for logical partitions.\n" "# Parameters are:\n" "# <raidtype> <devcount> <sparecount> <fstype> <" "mountpoint> \\\n" "# <devices> <sparedevices>\n" "# RAID levels 0, 1, 5, 6 and 10 are supported; devices are separated using " "\"#\"\n" "#d-i partman-auto-raid/recipe string \\\n" "# 1 2 0 ext3 / \\\n" "# /dev/discs/disc0/part1#/dev/discs/disc1/part1 \\\n" "# . \\\n" "# 1 2 0 swap - \\\n" "# /dev/discs/disc0/part5#/dev/discs/disc1/part5 \\\n" "# . \\\n" "# 0 2 0 ext3 /home \\\n" "# /dev/discs/disc0/part6#/dev/discs/disc1/part6 \\\n" "# .\n" "\n" "# This makes partman automatically partition without confirmation.\n" "d-i partman-md/confirm boolean true\n" "d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true\n" "d-i partman/choose_partition select finish\n" "d-i partman/confirm boolean true" msgstr "" "# NOTE: this option is of beta release quality and should be used carefully\n" "\n" "# The method should be set to \"raid\".\n" "#d-i partman-auto/method string raid\n" "# Specify the disks to be partitioned. They will all get the same layout,\n" "# so this will only work if the disks are the same size.\n" "#d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/discs/disc0/disc /dev/discs/disc1/disc\n" "\n" "# Next you need to specify the physical partitions that will be used. \n" "#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string \\\n" "# multiraid :: \\\n" "# 1000 5000 4000 raid \\\n" "# $primary{ } method{ raid } \\\n" "# . \\\n" "# 64 512 300% raid \\\n" "# method{ raid } \\\n" "# . \\\n" "# 500 10000 1000000000 raid \\\n" "# method{ raid } \\\n" "# .\n" "\n" "# Last you need to specify how the previously defined partitions will be\n" "# used in the RAID setup. Remember to use the correct partition numbers\n" "# for logical partitions.\n" "# Parameters are:\n" "# <raidtype> <devcount> <sparecount> <fstype> <" "mountpoint> \\\n" "# <devices> <sparedevices>\n" "# RAID levels 0, 1, 5, 6 and 10 are supported; devices are separated using " "\"#\"\n" "#d-i partman-auto-raid/recipe string \\\n" "# 1 2 0 ext3 / \\\n" "# /dev/discs/disc0/part1#/dev/discs/disc1/part1 \\\n" "# . \\\n" "# 1 2 0 swap - \\\n" "# /dev/discs/disc0/part5#/dev/discs/disc1/part5 \\\n" "# . \\\n" "# 0 2 0 ext3 /home \\\n" "# /dev/discs/disc0/part6#/dev/discs/disc1/part6 \\\n" "# .\n" "\n" "# This makes partman automatically partition without confirmation.\n" "d-i partman-md/confirm boolean true\n" "d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true\n" "d-i partman/choose_partition \\\n" " select Finish partitioning and write changes to disk\n" "d-i partman/confirm boolean true" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:860 #, no-c-format msgid "Base system installation" msgstr "基本系统安装" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:861 #, no-c-format msgid "" "There is actually not very much that can be preseeded for this stage of the " "installation. The only questions asked concern the installation of the " "kernel." msgstr "本阶段的安装并没有多少东西需要预置。仅有一个与内核安装相关的问题。" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:868 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# Select the initramfs generator used to generate the initrd for 2.6 " "kernels.\n" "#d-i base-installer/kernel/linux/initramfs-generators string yaird\n" "\n" "# The kernel image (meta) package to be installed; \"none\" can be used if " "no\n" "# kernel is to be installed.\n" "#d-i base-installer/kernel/image string linux-image-2.6-486" msgstr "" "# Select the initramfs generator used to generate the initrd for 2.6 " "kernels.\n" "#d-i base-installer/kernel/linux/initramfs-generators string yaird\n" "\n" "# The kernel image (meta) package to be installed; \"none\" can be used if " "no\n" "# kernel is to be installed.\n" "#d-i base-installer/kernel/image string linux-image-2.6-486" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:873 #, no-c-format msgid "Account setup" msgstr "帐号设置" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:874 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The password for the root account and name and password for a first regular " "user's account can be preseeded. For the passwords you can use either clear " "text values or MD5 hashes." msgstr "" "root 帐号的密码和第一个普通用户的名字和密码都可以预置。您可以给密码使用纯文本" "或 MD5 哈希 值。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:881 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Be aware that preseeding passwords is not completely secure as everyone with " "access to the preconfiguration file will have the knowledge of these " "passwords. Using MD5 hashes is considered slightly better in terms of " "security but it might also give a false sense of security as access to a MD5 " "hash allows for brute force attacks." msgstr "" "要知道预置密码并不安全，每个可以访问预置文件的用户都可以看到这些密码。使用 " "MD5 哈希值相对安全一些，但也会造成安全的假象，MD5 哈希值也可以被暴力破解。" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:891 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# Skip creation of a root account (normal user account will be able to\n" "# use sudo).\n" "#d-i passwd/root-login boolean false\n" "# Alternatively, to skip creation of a normal user account.\n" "#d-i passwd/make-user boolean false\n" "\n" "# Root password, either in clear text\n" "#d-i passwd/root-password password r00tme\n" "#d-i passwd/root-password-again password r00tme\n" "# or encrypted using an MD5 hash.\n" "#d-i passwd/root-password-crypted password [MD5 hash]\n" "\n" "# To create a normal user account.\n" "#d-i passwd/user-fullname string Debian User\n" "#d-i passwd/username string debian\n" "# Normal user's password, either in clear text\n" "#d-i passwd/user-password password insecure\n" "#d-i passwd/user-password-again password insecure\n" "# or encrypted using an MD5 hash.\n" "#d-i passwd/user-password-crypted password [MD5 hash]\n" "# Create the first user with the specified UID instead of the default.\n" "#d-i passwd/user-uid string 1010\n" "\n" "# The user account will be added to some standard initial groups. To\n" "# override that, use this.\n" "#d-i passwd/user-default-groups string audio cdrom video" msgstr "" "# Skip creation of a root account (normal user account will be able to\n" "# use sudo).\n" "#d-i passwd/root-login boolean false\n" "# Alternatively, to skip creation of a normal user account.\n" "#d-i passwd/make-user boolean false\n" "\n" "# Root password, either in clear text\n" "#d-i passwd/root-password password r00tme\n" "#d-i passwd/root-password-again password r00tme\n" "# or encrypted using an MD5 hash.\n" "#d-i passwd/root-password-crypted password [MD5 hash]\n" "\n" "# To create a normal user account.\n" "#d-i passwd/user-fullname string Debian User\n" "#d-i passwd/username string debian\n" "# Normal user's password, either in clear text\n" "#d-i passwd/user-password password insecure\n" "#d-i passwd/user-password-again password insecure\n" "# or encrypted using an MD5 hash.\n" "#d-i passwd/user-password-crypted password [MD5 hash]\n" "# Create the first user with the specified UID instead of the default.\n" "#d-i passwd/user-uid string 1010\n" "\n" "# The user account will be added to some standard initial groups. To\n" "# override that, use this.\n" "#d-i passwd/user-default-groups string audio cdrom video" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:893 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The passwd/root-password-crypted and " "passwd/user-password-crypted variables can also be " "preseeded with ! as their value. In that case, the " "corresponding account is disabled. This may be convenient for the root " "account, provided of course that an alternative method is setup to allow " "administrative activities or root login (for instance by using SSH key " "authentication or sudo)." msgstr "" "passwd/root-password-crypted 和 passwd/" "user-password-crypted 值可以使用 ! 作为他们的预置" "值。这种情况下，对应的帐号关闭。它常用于 root 帐号，用其他替代方法允许管理或 " "root 登录(例如使用 SSH key 认证或 sudo)。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:903 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The following command can be used to generate an MD5 hash for a password:" msgstr "下面的命令可用于生成密码的 MD5 值。" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:907 #, no-c-format msgid "$ echo \"r00tme\" | mkpasswd -s -m md5" msgstr "$ echo \"r00tme\" | mkpasswd -s -m md5" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:913 #, no-c-format msgid "Apt setup" msgstr "设置 apt" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:914 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Setup of the /etc/apt/sources.list and basic " "configuration options is fully automated based on your installation method " "and answers to earlier questions. You can optionally add other (local) " "repositories." msgstr "" "设置 /etc/apt/sources.list 和其他的基本配置选项，将自动" "地基于您使用的安装方式以及前面问题的回答。您也可以选择性地安装其他(或本地)的" "仓库。" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:922 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# You can choose to install non-free and contrib software.\n" "#d-i apt-setup/non-free boolean true\n" "#d-i apt-setup/contrib boolean true\n" "# Uncomment this if you don't want to use a network mirror.\n" "#d-i apt-setup/use_mirror boolean false\n" "# Select which update services to use; define the mirrors to be used.\n" "# Values shown below are the normal defaults.\n" "#d-i apt-setup/services-select multiselect security, volatile\n" "#d-i apt-setup/security_host string security.debian.org\n" "#d-i apt-setup/volatile_host string volatile.debian.org\n" "\n" "# Additional repositories, local[0-9] available\n" "#d-i apt-setup/local0/repository string \\\n" "# http://local.server/debian stable main\n" "#d-i apt-setup/local0/comment string local server\n" "# Enable deb-src lines\n" "#d-i apt-setup/local0/source boolean true\n" "# URL to the public key of the local repository; you must provide a key or\n" "# apt will complain about the unauthenticated repository and so the\n" "# sources.list line will be left commented out\n" "#d-i apt-setup/local0/key string http://local.server/key\n" "\n" "# By default the installer requires that repositories be authenticated\n" "# using a known gpg key. This setting can be used to disable that\n" "# authentication. Warning: Insecure, not recommended.\n" "#d-i debian-installer/allow_unauthenticated string true" msgstr "" "# You can choose to install non-free and contrib software.\n" "#d-i apt-setup/non-free boolean true\n" "#d-i apt-setup/contrib boolean true\n" "# Uncomment this if you don't want to use a network mirror.\n" "#d-i apt-setup/use_mirror boolean false\n" "# Select which update services to use; define the mirrors to be used.\n" "# Values shown below are the normal defaults.\n" "#d-i apt-setup/services-select multiselect security, volatile\n" "#d-i apt-setup/security_host string security.debian.org\n" "#d-i apt-setup/volatile_host string volatile.debian.org\n" "\n" "# Additional repositories, local[0-9] available\n" "#d-i apt-setup/local0/repository string \\\n" "# http://local.server/debian stable main\n" "#d-i apt-setup/local0/comment string local server\n" "# Enable deb-src lines\n" "#d-i apt-setup/local0/source boolean true\n" "# URL to the public key of the local repository; you must provide a key or\n" "# apt will complain about the unauthenticated repository and so the\n" "# sources.list line will be left commented out\n" "#d-i apt-setup/local0/key string http://local.server/key\n" "\n" "# By default the installer requires that repositories be authenticated\n" "# using a known gpg key. This setting can be used to disable that\n" "# authentication. Warning: Insecure, not recommended.\n" "#d-i debian-installer/allow_unauthenticated string true" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:927 #, no-c-format msgid "Package selection" msgstr "选择软件包" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:928 #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can choose to install any combination of tasks that are available. " "Available tasks as of this writing include:" msgstr "您可以选择安装存在的任务的组合。写这篇文章时已有的任务是：" #. Tag: userinput #: preseed.xml:937 #, no-c-format msgid "standard" msgstr "标准" #. Tag: userinput #: preseed.xml:940 #, no-c-format msgid "desktop" msgstr "桌面" #. Tag: userinput #: preseed.xml:943 #, no-c-format msgid "gnome-desktop" msgstr "gnome 桌面" #. Tag: userinput #: preseed.xml:946 #, no-c-format msgid "kde-desktop" msgstr "kde 桌面" #. Tag: userinput #: preseed.xml:949 #, no-c-format msgid "web-server" msgstr "web 服务器" #. Tag: userinput #: preseed.xml:952 #, no-c-format msgid "print-server" msgstr "打印服务器" #. Tag: userinput #: preseed.xml:955 #, no-c-format msgid "dns-server" msgstr "dns 服务器" #. Tag: userinput #: preseed.xml:958 #, no-c-format msgid "file-server" msgstr "文件服务器" #. Tag: userinput #: preseed.xml:961 #, no-c-format msgid "mail-server" msgstr "邮件服务器" #. Tag: userinput #: preseed.xml:964 #, no-c-format msgid "sql-database" msgstr "SQL 数据库" #. Tag: userinput #: preseed.xml:967 #, no-c-format msgid "laptop" msgstr "便携机" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:971 #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can also choose to install no tasks, and force the installation of a set " "of packages in some other way. We recommend always including the " "standard task." msgstr "" "您可以不选任务，并用其他方法安装一系列软件包。我们推荐选上 标准 任务。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:977 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you want to install some individual packages in addition to packages " "installed by tasks, you can use the parameter pkgsel/include. The value of this parameter can be a list of packages separated " "by either commas or spaces, which allows it to be used easily on the kernel " "command line as well." msgstr "" "如果您打算安装一些安装任务之外的独立软件包，可以使用参数 pkgsel/" "include。该参数的值可以是用逗号或空格分开的软件包列表，便于在内核" "命令行上使用。" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:987 #, no-c-format msgid "" "#tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, web-server\n" "# If the desktop task is selected, install the kde and xfce desktops\n" "# instead of the default gnome desktop.\n" "#tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect kde, xfce\n" "\n" "# Individual additional packages to install\n" "#d-i pkgsel/include string openssh-server build-essential\n" "# Whether to upgrade packages after debootstrap.\n" "# Allowed values: none, safe-upgrade, full-upgrade\n" "#d-i pkgsel/upgrade select none\n" "\n" "# Some versions of the installer can report back on what software you have\n" "# installed, and what software you use. The default is not to report back,\n" "# but sending reports helps the project determine what software is most\n" "# popular and include it on CDs.\n" "#popularity-contest popularity-contest/participate boolean false" msgstr "" "#tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, web-server\n" "# If the desktop task is selected, install the kde and xfce desktops\n" "# instead of the default gnome desktop.\n" "#tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect kde, xfce\n" "\n" "# Individual additional packages to install\n" "#d-i pkgsel/include string openssh-server build-essential\n" "# Whether to upgrade packages after debootstrap.\n" "# Allowed values: none, safe-upgrade, full-upgrade\n" "#d-i pkgsel/upgrade select none\n" "\n" "# Some versions of the installer can report back on what software you have\n" "# installed, and what software you use. The default is not to report back,\n" "# but sending reports helps the project determine what software is most\n" "# popular and include it on CDs.\n" "#popularity-contest popularity-contest/participate boolean false" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:992 #, no-c-format msgid "Boot loader installation" msgstr "安装引导加载器" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:994 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# Grub is the default boot loader (for x86). If you want lilo installed\n" "# instead, uncomment this:\n" "#d-i grub-installer/skip boolean true\n" "# To also skip installing lilo, and install no bootloader, uncomment this\n" "# too:\n" "#d-i lilo-installer/skip boolean true\n" "\n" "# This is fairly safe to set, it makes grub install automatically to the " "MBR\n" "# if no other operating system is detected on the machine.\n" "d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true\n" "\n" "# This one makes grub-installer install to the MBR if it also finds some " "other\n" "# OS, which is less safe as it might not be able to boot that other OS.\n" "d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true\n" "\n" "# Alternatively, if you want to install to a location other than the mbr,\n" "# uncomment and edit these lines:\n" "#d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean false\n" "#d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean false\n" "#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,0)\n" "# To install grub to multiple disks:\n" "#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,0) (hd1,0) (hd2,0)\n" "\n" "# Optional password for grub, either in clear text\n" "#d-i grub-installer/password password r00tme\n" "#d-i grub-installer/password-again password r00tme\n" "# or encrypted using an MD5 hash, see grub-md5-crypt(8).\n" "#d-i grub-installer/password-crypted password [MD5 hash]" msgstr "" "# Grub is the default boot loader (for x86). If you want lilo installed\n" "# instead, uncomment this:\n" "#d-i grub-installer/skip boolean true\n" "# To also skip installing lilo, and install no bootloader, uncomment this\n" "# too:\n" "#d-i lilo-installer/skip boolean true\n" "\n" "# This is fairly safe to set, it makes grub install automatically to the " "MBR\n" "# if no other operating system is detected on the machine.\n" "d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true\n" "\n" "# This one makes grub-installer install to the MBR if it also finds some " "other\n" "# OS, which is less safe as it might not be able to boot that other OS.\n" "d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true\n" "\n" "# Alternatively, if you want to install to a location other than the mbr,\n" "# uncomment and edit these lines:\n" "#d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean false\n" "#d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean false\n" "#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,0)\n" "# To install grub to multiple disks:\n" "#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,0) (hd1,0) (hd2,0)\n" "\n" "# Optional password for grub, either in clear text\n" "#d-i grub-installer/password password r00tme\n" "#d-i grub-installer/password-again password r00tme\n" "# or encrypted using an MD5 hash, see grub-md5-crypt(8).\n" "#d-i grub-installer/password-crypted password [MD5 hash]" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:996 #, no-c-format msgid "" "An MD5 hash for a password for grub can be generated " "using grub-md5-crypt, or using the command from the " "example in ." msgstr "" "grub 使用的密码 MD5 值可以使用 grub-md5-" "crypt 生成，或者使用 例子中的命" "令。" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:1006 #, no-c-format msgid "Finishing up the installation" msgstr "完成安装" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:1008 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# During installations from serial console, the regular virtual consoles\n" "# (VT1-VT6) are normally disabled in /etc/inittab. Uncomment the next\n" "# line to prevent this.\n" "#d-i finish-install/keep-consoles boolean true\n" "\n" "# Avoid that last message about the install being complete.\n" "d-i finish-install/reboot_in_progress note\n" "\n" "# This will prevent the installer from ejecting the CD during the reboot,\n" "# which is useful in some situations.\n" "#d-i cdrom-detect/eject boolean false\n" "\n" "# This is how to make the installer shutdown when finished, but not\n" "# reboot into the installed system.\n" "#d-i debian-installer/exit/halt boolean true\n" "# This will power off the machine instead of just halting it.\n" "#d-i debian-installer/exit/poweroff boolean true" msgstr "" "# During installations from serial console, the regular virtual consoles\n" "# (VT1-VT6) are normally disabled in /etc/inittab. Uncomment the next\n" "# line to prevent this.\n" "#d-i finish-install/keep-consoles boolean true\n" "\n" "# Avoid that last message about the install being complete.\n" "d-i finish-install/reboot_in_progress note\n" "\n" "# This will prevent the installer from ejecting the CD during the reboot,\n" "# which is useful in some situations.\n" "#d-i cdrom-detect/eject boolean false\n" "\n" "# This is how to make the installer shutdown when finished, but not\n" "# reboot into the installed system.\n" "#d-i debian-installer/exit/halt boolean true\n" "# This will power off the machine instead of just halting it.\n" "#d-i debian-installer/exit/poweroff boolean true" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:1013 #, no-c-format msgid "Preseeding other packages" msgstr "预置其他的软件包" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:1015 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# Depending on what software you choose to install, or if things go wrong\n" "# during the installation process, it's possible that other questions may\n" "# be asked. You can preseed those too, of course. To get a list of every\n" "# possible question that could be asked during an install, do an\n" "# installation, and then run these commands:\n" "# debconf-get-selections --installer > file\n" "# debconf-get-selections >> file" msgstr "" "# Depending on what software you choose to install, or if things go wrong\n" "# during the installation process, it's possible that other questions may\n" "# be asked. You can preseed those too, of course. To get a list of every\n" "# possible question that could be asked during an install, do an\n" "# installation, and then run these commands:\n" "# debconf-get-selections --installer > file\n" "# debconf-get-selections >> file" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:1022 #, no-c-format msgid "Advanced options" msgstr "高级选项" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:1025 #, no-c-format msgid "Running custom commands during the installation" msgstr "安装过程中运行用户命令" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:1026 #, no-c-format msgid "" "A very powerful and flexible option offered by the preconfiguration tools is " "the ability to run commands or scripts at certain points in the installation." msgstr "" "预置工具提供了一个非常强大和灵活的选项，可以在安装过程的一些环节运行命令或脚" "本。" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:1034 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# d-i preseeding is inherently not secure. Nothing in the installer checks\n" "# for attempts at buffer overflows or other exploits of the values of a\n" "# preconfiguration file like this one. Only use preconfiguration files from\n" "# trusted locations! To drive that home, and because it's generally useful,\n" "# here's a way to run any shell command you'd like inside the installer,\n" "# automatically.\n" "\n" "# This first command is run as early as possible, just after\n" "# preseeding is read.\n" "#d-i preseed/early_command string anna-install some-udeb\n" "\n" "# This command is run just before the install finishes, but when there is\n" "# still a usable /target directory. You can chroot to /target and use it\n" "# directly, or use the apt-install and in-target commands to easily install\n" "# packages and run commands in the target system.\n" "#d-i preseed/late_command string apt-install zsh; in-target chsh -s /bin/zsh" msgstr "" "# d-i preseeding is inherently not secure. Nothing in the installer checks\n" "# for attempts at buffer overflows or other exploits of the values of a\n" "# preconfiguration file like this one. Only use preconfiguration files from\n" "# trusted locations! To drive that home, and because it's generally useful,\n" "# here's a way to run any shell command you'd like inside the installer,\n" "# automatically.\n" "\n" "# This first command is run as early as possible, just after\n" "# preseeding is read.\n" "#d-i preseed/early_command string anna-install some-udeb\n" "\n" "# This command is run just before the install finishes, but when there is\n" "# still a usable /target directory. You can chroot to /target and use it\n" "# directly, or use the apt-install and in-target commands to easily install\n" "# packages and run commands in the target system.\n" "#d-i preseed/late_command string apt-install zsh; in-target chsh -s /bin/zsh" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:1039 #, no-c-format msgid "Using preseeding to change default values" msgstr "使用预置修改默认值" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:1040 #, no-c-format msgid "" "It is possible to use preseeding to change the default answer for a " "question, but still have the question asked. To do this the seen flag must be reset to false after setting the " "value for a question. \n" "d-i foo/bar string value\n" "d-i foo/bar seen false\n" " The same effect can be achieved for " "all questions by setting the parameter " "preseed/interactive=true at the boot prompt. This can " "also be useful for testing or debugging your preconfiguration file." msgstr "" "也可以使用预置修改问题的默认答案，但同时显示问题。这需要在问题设定值之后，必" "须将 seen 旗标重置为 false。" "\n" "d-i foo/bar string value\n" "d-i foo/bar seen false\n" " 要对所有问题达到同样效果，可" "以通过在启动引导符后面设置 preseed/interactive=true。" "这对于测试和调试您的预置文件很有帮助。" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:1054 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you are preseeding using boot parameters, you can make the installer ask " "the corresponding question by using the ?= operator, i.e. " "foo/bar?" "=value. This will of course only have " "effect for parameters that correspond to questions that are actually " "displayed during an installation and not for internal " "parameters." msgstr "" "如果使用引导参数预置，您可以通过 ?= 操作符让安装程序询问相关的" "问题，例如，foo/bar?=value。当然，这只会影响" "在安装时显示出来的问题对应的参数，而不是内部的参数。" #. Tag: title #: preseed.xml:1069 #, no-c-format msgid "Chainloading preconfiguration files" msgstr "预置文件链" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:1070 #, no-c-format msgid "" "It is possible to include other preconfiguration files from a " "preconfiguration file. Any settings in those files will override pre-" "existing settings from files loaded earlier. This makes it possible to put, " "for example, general networking settings for your location in one file and " "more specific settings for certain configurations in other files." msgstr "" "可以在一个预置文件里面包含另外的预置文件。这些文件里面的任何设置将覆盖前面加" "载的设置。有一种用法，例如，通用的网络设置放在一个文件，其他规格的设置放在另" "外的文件里面。" #. Tag: screen #: preseed.xml:1080 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# More than one file can be listed, separated by spaces; all will be\n" "# loaded. The included files can have preseed/include directives of their\n" "# own as well. Note that if the filenames are relative, they are taken from\n" "# the same directory as the preconfiguration file that includes them.\n" "#d-i preseed/include string x.cfg\n" "\n" "# The installer can optionally verify checksums of preconfiguration files\n" "# before using them. Currently only md5sums are supported, list the md5sums\n" "# in the same order as the list of files to include.\n" "#d-i preseed/include/checksum string 5da499872becccfeda2c4872f9171c3d\n" "\n" "# More flexibly, this runs a shell command and if it outputs the names of\n" "# preconfiguration files, includes those files. \n" "#d-i preseed/include_command \\\n" "# string if [ \"`hostname`\" = bob ]; then echo bob.cfg; fi\n" "\n" "# Most flexibly of all, this downloads a program and runs it. The program\n" "# can use commands such as debconf-set to manipulate the debconf database.\n" "# More than one script can be listed, separated by spaces.\n" "# Note that if the filenames are relative, they are taken from the same\n" "# directory as the preconfiguration file that runs them.\n" "#d-i preseed/run string foo.sh" msgstr "" "# More than one file can be listed, separated by spaces; all will be\n" "# loaded. The included files can have preseed/include directives of their\n" "# own as well. Note that if the filenames are relative, they are taken from\n" "# the same directory as the preconfiguration file that includes them.\n" "#d-i preseed/include string x.cfg\n" "\n" "# The installer can optionally verify checksums of preconfiguration files\n" "# before using them. Currently only md5sums are supported, list the md5sums\n" "# in the same order as the list of files to include.\n" "#d-i preseed/include/checksum string 5da499872becccfeda2c4872f9171c3d\n" "\n" "# More flexibly, this runs a shell command and if it outputs the names of\n" "# preconfiguration files, includes those files. \n" "#d-i preseed/include_command \\\n" "# string if [ \"`hostname`\" = bob ]; then echo bob.cfg; fi\n" "\n" "# Most flexibly of all, this downloads a program and runs it. The program\n" "# can use commands such as debconf-set to manipulate the debconf database.\n" "# More than one script can be listed, separated by spaces.\n" "# Note that if the filenames are relative, they are taken from the same\n" "# directory as the preconfiguration file that runs them.\n" "#d-i preseed/run string foo.sh" #. Tag: para #: preseed.xml:1082 #, no-c-format msgid "" "It is also possible to chainload from the initrd or file preseeding phase, " "into network preseeding by setting preseed/url in the earlier files. This " "will cause network preseeding to be performed when the network comes up. You " "need to be careful when doing this, since there will be two distinct runs at " "preseeding, meaning for example that you get another chance to run the " "preseed/early command, the second one happening after the network comes up." msgstr "" "也可以通过在前面设置 preseed/url 从 initrd 或者文件预置链载进入网络预置。这将" "使网络预置在网络连通时执行。您应该小心使用，因为这是两种预置，意味着您有机会" "执行 preseed/early 命令，第二个可以在网络连通后使用。" #~ msgid "" #~ "Note that only RAID 0 and RAID 1 have been tested by the developers of " #~ "the component. RAID 5 is untested. Advanced RAID setup with degraded " #~ "arrays or spare devices has only been tested lightly." #~ msgstr "" #~ "注意，该模块的开发人员只测试了 RAID 0 和 RAID 1。RAID 5 未经测试。高级的 " #~ "RAID 设置像降级阵列或额外设备只经过了轻量级的测试。" #~ msgid "X configuration" #~ msgstr "设置 X" #~ msgid "" #~ "Preseeding Debian's X config is possible, but you probably need to know " #~ "some details about the video hardware of the machine, since Debian's X " #~ "configurator does not do fully automatic configuration of everything." #~ msgstr "" #~ "您可以给 Debian 设置 X，但需要了解机器上视频硬件的详细资料，这是因为 " #~ "Debian 的 X 配置工具无法自动设置每一件事。" #~ msgid "" #~ "# X can detect the right driver for some cards, but if you're " #~ "preseeding,\n" #~ "# you override whatever it chooses. Still, vesa will work most places.\n" #~ "#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/device/driver select vesa\n" #~ "\n" #~ "# A caveat with mouse autodetection is that if it fails, X will retry it\n" #~ "# over and over. So if it's preseeded to be done, there is a possibility " #~ "of\n" #~ "# an infinite loop if the mouse is not autodetected.\n" #~ "#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/autodetect_mouse boolean true\n" #~ "\n" #~ "# Monitor autodetection is recommended.\n" #~ "xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/autodetect_monitor boolean true\n" #~ "# Uncomment if you have an LCD display.\n" #~ "#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/lcd boolean true\n" #~ "# X has three configuration paths for the monitor. Here's how to preseed\n" #~ "# the \"medium\" path, which is always available. The \"simple\" path may " #~ "not\n" #~ "# be available, and the \"advanced\" path asks too many questions.\n" #~ "xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/selection-method \\\n" #~ " select medium\n" #~ "xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/mode-list \\\n" #~ " select 1024x768 @ 60 Hz" #~ msgstr "" #~ "# X can detect the right driver for some cards, but if you're " #~ "preseeding,\n" #~ "# you override whatever it chooses. Still, vesa will work most places.\n" #~ "#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/device/driver select vesa\n" #~ "\n" #~ "# A caveat with mouse autodetection is that if it fails, X will retry it\n" #~ "# over and over. So if it's preseeded to be done, there is a possibility " #~ "of\n" #~ "# an infinite loop if the mouse is not autodetected.\n" #~ "#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/autodetect_mouse boolean true\n" #~ "\n" #~ "# Monitor autodetection is recommended.\n" #~ "xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/autodetect_monitor boolean true\n" #~ "# Uncomment if you have an LCD display.\n" #~ "#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/lcd boolean true\n" #~ "# X has three configuration paths for the monitor. Here's how to preseed\n" #~ "# the \"medium\" path, which is always available. The \"simple\" path may " #~ "not\n" #~ "# be available, and the \"advanced\" path asks too many questions.\n" #~ "xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/selection-method \\\n" #~ " select medium\n" #~ "xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/mode-list \\\n" #~ " select 1024x768 @ 60 Hz"