# Debian GNU/Linux Installation Guide - translation into Chinese (simplified)
# Ji YongGang <jungleji@gmail.com>, 2012.
# tao wang <tonywang5@163.com>, 2020.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: d-i-manual\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: debian-boot@lists.debian.org\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2023-08-04 23:04+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-03-15 14:41+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Wenbin Lv <wenbin816@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: debian-chinese-gb <debian-chinese-gb@lists.debian.org>\n"
"Language: zh_CN\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
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"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
"X-Generator: Weblate 4.16.2-dev\n"

#. Tag: title
#: partitioning.xml:5
#, no-c-format
msgid "Partitioning for &debian;"
msgstr "为 &debian; 准备分区"

#. Tag: title
#: partitioning.xml:13
#, no-c-format
msgid "Deciding on &debian; Partitions and Sizes"
msgstr "决定 &debian; 分区以及大小"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:14
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"At a bare minimum, GNU/&arch-kernel; needs one partition for itself. You can "
"have a single partition containing the entire operating system, "
"applications, and your personal files. Most people feel that a separate swap "
"partition is also a necessity, although it's not strictly true. <quote>Swap</"
"quote> is scratch space for an operating system, which allows the system to "
"use disk storage as <quote>virtual memory</quote>. By putting swap on a "
"separate partition, &arch-kernel; can make much more efficient use of it. It "
"is possible to force &arch-kernel; to use a regular file as swap, but it is "
"not recommended."
msgstr ""
"最小化情况下，GNU/&arch-kernel; 需要一个分区。您可以有一个包含整个操作系统，"
"应用程序以及您私人数据的分区。大多数人感到一个分离的交换分区也是很有必要的，"
"尽管它并非严格要求。<quote>交换分区</quote>是一个操作系统用的空白空间，允许系"
"统使用磁盘来提供<quote>虚拟内存</quote>。通过放置交换空间至一个分离的分区，"
"&arch-kernel; 可以非常有效地使用它。强迫 &arch-kernel; 使用一个普通文件作为交"
"换空间也是可行的，但是并不推荐这种做法。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:26
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Most people choose to give GNU/&arch-kernel; more than the minimum number of "
"partitions, however. There are two reasons you might want to break up the "
"file system into a number of smaller partitions. The first is for safety. If "
"something happens to corrupt the file system, generally only one partition "
"is affected. Thus, you only have to replace (from the backups you've been "
"carefully keeping) a portion of your system. At a bare minimum, you should "
"consider creating what is commonly called a <quote>root partition</quote>. "
"This contains the most essential components of the system. If any other "
"partitions get corrupted, you can still boot into GNU/&arch-kernel; to fix "
"the system. This can save you the trouble of having to reinstall the system "
"from scratch."
msgstr ""
"但是大多数人选择给 GNU/&arch-kernel; 更多的分区。有两个原因使您愿意把文件系统"
"分置到一些较小的分区上。首先是安全性。如果出现问题破坏了文件系统，一般来说只"
"有一个分区受到影响。因此，您只需要更换(从您精心维护的备份中)系统的一部分。在"
"最小化情况下，您应该考虑创建所谓的<quote>根分区</quote>。它含有最基础的系统组"
"件。如果其它分区出现了问题，您仍然可以引导至 GNU/&arch-kernel; 来修复系统。这"
"个可以让您不用从头重新安装系统。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:40
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The second reason is generally more important in a business setting, but it "
"really depends on your use of the machine. For example, a mail server "
"getting spammed with e-mail can easily fill a partition. If you made "
"<filename>/var/mail</filename> a separate partition on the mail server, most "
"of the system will remain working even if you get spammed."
msgstr ""
"第二个理由对商业设置来说更重要，但它实际上取决于机器的用途。比如，一个邮件服"
"务器接受到很多垃圾邮件会很快填满一个分区，如果邮件服务器的 <filename>/var/"
"mail</filename> 建立在一个单独的分区上面，您即使收到太多的垃圾邮件，大多数系"
"统仍然会继续工作。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:48
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The only real drawback to using more partitions is that it is often "
"difficult to know in advance what your needs will be. If you make a "
"partition too small then you will either have to reinstall the system or you "
"will be constantly moving things around to make room in the undersized "
"partition. On the other hand, if you make the partition too big, you will be "
"wasting space that could be used elsewhere. Disk space is cheap nowadays, "
"but why throw your money away?"
msgstr ""
"使用更多分区的惟一缺点很难知道您将来的需求。如果建立的一个分区容量太小，您要"
"么重装系统，要么不停地移动数据来给分区分配空间。另一种情况，如果您建立的分区"
"过大，将浪费一些原可以用在别的地方的空间。虽然今天的磁盘很便宜，但为什么要白"
"白浪费金钱呢？"

#. Tag: title
#: partitioning.xml:67
#, no-c-format
msgid "The Directory Tree"
msgstr "目录树"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:68
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"&debian-gnu; adheres to the <ulink url=\"&url-fhs-home;\">Filesystem "
"Hierarchy Standard</ulink> for directory and file naming. This standard "
"allows users and software programs to predict the location of files and "
"directories. The root level directory is represented simply by the slash "
"<filename>/</filename>. At the root level, all &debian; systems include "
"these directories:"
msgstr ""
"&debian-gnu; 依照 <ulink url=\"&url-fhs-home;\">文件系统层次标准 (Filesystem "
"Hierarchy Standard)</ulink> 安排文件以及文件命名。该标准让用户和软件程序预知"
"文件以及目录的位置。根目录只是简单表现为 <filename>/</filename>。在根层次，所"
"有的 &debian; 系统包括这些目录："

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:82
#, no-c-format
msgid "Directory"
msgstr "目录"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:82
#, no-c-format
msgid "Content"
msgstr "内容"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:88
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>bin</filename>"
msgstr "<filename>bin</filename>"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:89
#, no-c-format
msgid "Essential command binaries"
msgstr "基本命令执行文件"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:91
#, no-c-format
msgid "boot"
msgstr "boot"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:92
#, no-c-format
msgid "Static files of the boot loader"
msgstr "boot loader 的静态链接文件"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:94
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>dev</filename>"
msgstr "<filename>dev</filename>"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:95
#, no-c-format
msgid "Device files"
msgstr "设备文件"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:97
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>etc</filename>"
msgstr "<filename>etc</filename>"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:98
#, no-c-format
msgid "Host-specific system configuration"
msgstr "主机特定的系统配置"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:100
#, no-c-format
msgid "home"
msgstr "home"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:101
#, no-c-format
msgid "User home directories"
msgstr "用户目录"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:103
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>lib</filename>"
msgstr "<filename>lib</filename>"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:104
#, no-c-format
msgid "Essential shared libraries and kernel modules"
msgstr "基本共享库以及内核模块"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:106
#, no-c-format
msgid "media"
msgstr "media"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:107
#, no-c-format
msgid "Contains mount points for replaceable media"
msgstr "用于移动介质的挂载点"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:109
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>mnt</filename>"
msgstr "<filename>mnt</filename>"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:110
#, no-c-format
msgid "Mount point for mounting a file system temporarily"
msgstr "用于临时挂载文件系统"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:112
#, no-c-format
msgid "proc"
msgstr "proc"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:113 partitioning.xml:125
#, no-c-format
msgid "Virtual directory for system information"
msgstr "系统信息的虚拟目录"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:115
#, no-c-format
msgid "root"
msgstr "root"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:116
#, no-c-format
msgid "Home directory for the root user"
msgstr "root 用户的目录"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:118
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>run</filename>"
msgstr "<filename>run</filename>"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:119
#, no-c-format
msgid "Run-time variable data"
msgstr "运行变量数据"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:121
#, no-c-format
msgid "sbin"
msgstr "sbin"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:122
#, no-c-format
msgid "Essential system binaries"
msgstr "基本系统命令执行文件"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:124
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>sys</filename>"
msgstr "<filename>sys</filename>"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:127
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>tmp</filename>"
msgstr "<filename>tmp</filename>"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:128
#, no-c-format
msgid "Temporary files"
msgstr "临时文件"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:130
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>usr</filename>"
msgstr "<filename>usr</filename>"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:131
#, no-c-format
msgid "Secondary hierarchy"
msgstr "第二级目录"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:133
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>var</filename>"
msgstr "<filename>var</filename>"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:134
#, no-c-format
msgid "Variable data"
msgstr "不断变化的数据"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:136
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>srv</filename>"
msgstr "<filename>srv</filename>"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:137
#, no-c-format
msgid "Data for services provided by the system"
msgstr "系统提供的用于 service 的数据"

#. Tag: filename
#: partitioning.xml:139
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>opt</filename>"
msgstr "<filename>opt</filename>"

#. Tag: entry
#: partitioning.xml:140
#, no-c-format
msgid "Add-on application software packages"
msgstr "附加的应用程序软件包"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:145
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The following is a list of important considerations regarding directories "
"and partitions. Note that disk usage varies widely given system "
"configuration and specific usage patterns. The recommendations here are "
"general guidelines and provide a starting point for partitioning."
msgstr ""
"下面列出关于目录和分区的重要考虑。要注意磁盘的使用随系统配置和特定用途有很大"
"变化。这里所推荐的是通用指引，提供如何分区的起点。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:155
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The root partition <filename>/</filename> must always physically contain "
"<filename>/etc</filename>, <filename>/bin</filename>, <filename>/sbin</"
"filename>, <filename>/lib</filename>, <filename>/dev</filename> and "
"<filename>/usr</filename>, otherwise you won't be able to boot. This means "
"that you should provide at least &root-system-size-min;&ndash;&root-system-"
"size-max;MB of disk space for the root partition including <filename>/usr</"
"filename>, or &root-desktop-system-size-min;&ndash;&root-desktop-system-size-"
"max;GB for a workstation or a server installation."
msgstr ""
"根分区 <filename>/</filename> 必须总是物理地包含 <filename>/etc</filename>、"
"<filename>/bin</filename>、<filename>/sbin</filename>、<filename>/lib</"
"filename>、<filename>/dev</filename> 和 <filename>/usr</filename>，否则您将不"
"能启动系统。这意味着您需要为包含 <filename>/usr</filename> 分区的根分区提供 "
"&root-system-size-min;&ndash;&root-system-size-max;MB 大小空间，或者为工作站"
"或服务器的安装提供 &root-desktop-system-size-min;&ndash;&root-desktop-system-"
"size-max;GB 大小空间。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:169
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"<filename>/var</filename>: variable data like news articles, e-mails, web "
"sites, databases, the packaging system cache, etc. will be placed under this "
"directory. The size of this directory depends greatly on the usage of your "
"system, but for most people will be dictated by the package management "
"tool's overhead. If you are going to do a full installation of just about "
"everything &debian; has to offer, all in one session, setting aside 2 or 3 "
"GB of space for <filename>/var</filename> should be sufficient. If you are "
"going to install in pieces (that is to say, install services and utilities, "
"followed by text stuff, then X, ...), you can get away with 300&ndash;500 "
"MB. If hard drive space is at a premium and you don't plan on doing major "
"system updates, you can get by with as little as 30 or 40 MB."
msgstr ""
"<filename>/var</filename>：所有的可变数据，如新闻组文章、电子邮件、网站、数据"
"库、软件包系统的缓存等等，将被放入这个目录。这个目录的大小取决于您计算机的用"
"途，但是对大多数人来说，将主要用于软件包系统的管理工具。如果您准备一次性地做"
"一个全面的安装，包含 &debian; 提供的所有程序，<filename>/var</filename> 下面 "
"2 或 3GB 的空间应该够用。如果您准备逐个安装(也就是说，安装服务程序和工具，然"
"后是文本处理工具，然后是 X，...)，您准备 300&ndash;500 MB 就行。要是硬盘空间"
"很紧张，并且不准备做主版本的系统升级，可以为其准备 30 或 40MB 大小。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:185
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"<filename>/tmp</filename>: temporary data created by programs will most "
"likely go in this directory. 40&ndash;100MB should usually be enough. Some "
"applications &mdash; including archive manipulators, CD/DVD authoring tools, "
"and multimedia software &mdash; may use <filename>/tmp</filename> to "
"temporarily store image files. If you plan to use such applications, you "
"should adjust the space available in <filename>/tmp</filename> accordingly."
msgstr ""
"<filename>/tmp</filename>: 程序创建的临时数据大都存到这个目录。通常 "
"40&ndash;100 MB 应该足够。一些应用程序 &mdash; 包括归档处理程序、CD/DVD 制作"
"工具和多媒体软件 &mdash; 可能会使用 <filename>/tmp</filename> 临时保存映像文"
"件。如果要使用这些程序，应该相应地调整 <filename>/tmp</filename> 目录的大小。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:196
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"<filename>/home</filename>: every user will put his personal data into a "
"subdirectory of this directory. Its size depends on how many users will be "
"using the system and what files are to be stored in their directories. "
"Depending on your planned usage you should reserve about 100MB for each "
"user, but adapt this value to your needs. Reserve a lot more space if you "
"plan to save a lot of multimedia files (pictures, MP3, movies) in your home "
"directory."
msgstr ""
"<filename>/home</filename>：每个用户将放置他的私有数据到这个目录的子目录下。"
"其大小取决于将有多少用户使用系统，以及有什么样文件放在他们的目录下。根据规划"
"的用途，应该为每个用户准备 100MB 空间，不过应该按您的需求调整。假如您在 home "
"目录下计划保存大量的多媒体文件(图片、MP3、电影)，该预备更多的空间。"

#. Tag: title
#: partitioning.xml:217
#, no-c-format
msgid "Recommended Partitioning Scheme"
msgstr "推荐的分区方案"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:218
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"For new users, personal &debian; boxes, home systems, and other single-user "
"setups, a single <filename>/</filename> partition (plus swap) is probably "
"the easiest, simplest way to go. The recommended partition type is ext4."
msgstr ""
"对于新用户，个人 &debian; 系统、家庭系统以及其它单用户配置来说，一个单一 "
"<filename>/</filename> 分区(加上交换分区)可能是最容易的方案。推荐的分区类型"
"是 ext4。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:225
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"For multi-user systems or systems with lots of disk space, it's best to put "
"<filename>/var</filename>, <filename>/tmp</filename>, and <filename>/home</"
"filename> each on their own partitions separate from the <filename>/</"
"filename> partition."
msgstr ""
"对于多用户系统或者有大量磁盘空间的系统，最好将 <filename>/var</filename>、"
"<filename>/tmp</filename> 和 <filename>/home</filename> 分配到他们各自的分"
"区，与 <filename>/</filename> 分区分离开来。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:233
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"You might need a separate <filename>/usr/local</filename> partition if you "
"plan to install many programs that are not part of the &debian; "
"distribution. If your machine will be a mail server, you might need to make "
"<filename>/var/mail</filename> a separate partition. If you are setting up a "
"server with lots of user accounts, it's generally good to have a separate, "
"large <filename>/home</filename> partition. In general, the partitioning "
"situation varies from computer to computer depending on its uses."
msgstr ""
"如果您计划安装 &debian; 发布版以外的程序，也许需要一个独立的 <filename>/usr/"
"local</filename> 分区。如果您的机器是一个邮件服务器，也许需要为 <filename>/"
"var/mail</filename> 建立一个独立的分区。如果您要创建一个有很多用户的服务器，"
"一个独立的、大的 <filename>/home</filename> 分区比较好。一般来说，分区状况在"
"每台计算机都不同，这取决于它们的用途。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:244
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"For very complex systems, you should see the <ulink url=\"&url-multidisk-"
"howto;\"> Multi Disk HOWTO</ulink>. This contains in-depth information, "
"mostly of interest to ISPs and people setting up servers."
msgstr ""
"对于非常复杂的系统来，您应该阅读 <ulink url=\"&url-multidisk-howto;\"> Multi "
"Disk HOWTO</ulink>。其中包含了更深入的内容，对于很多 ISP 和架设服务器的用户很"
"有用。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:251
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"With respect to the issue of swap partition size, there are many views. One "
"rule of thumb which works well is to use as much swap as you have system "
"memory. It also shouldn't be smaller than 512MB, in most cases. Of course, "
"there are exceptions to these rules."
msgstr ""
"在交换分区大小方面，这里有很多观点。其中一条经验是使用和内存相同大小的交换分"
"区。在大多数情况下它也不应该小于 512MB。当然，这些规则有一些例外。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:258
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"As an example, an older home machine might have 512MB of RAM and a 20GB SATA "
"drive on <filename>/dev/sda</filename>. There might be a 8GB partition for "
"another operating system on <filename>/dev/sda1</filename>, a 512MB swap "
"partition on <filename>/dev/sda3</filename> and about 11.4GB on <filename>/"
"dev/sda2</filename> as the Linux partition."
msgstr ""
"举一个例子，一个较老的家用机器上，可能有 512MB 内存和一个 <filename>/dev/"
"sda</filename> 上的 20GB SATA 驱动器。<filename>/dev/sda1</filename> 上有一"
"个 8GB 的分区用于其它操作系统，一个 512MB 交换分区位于 <filename>/dev/sda3</"
"filename>，以及一个 11.4GB 空间 <filename>/dev/sda2</filename> 用于 Linux 分"
"区。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:267
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"For an idea of the space taken by tasks you might be interested in adding "
"after your system installation is complete, check <xref linkend=\"tasksel-"
"size-list\"/>."
msgstr ""
"对于不同任务需要多大的空间，安装系统完成后的情况有个概念，您或许会感兴趣知"
"道，请查阅 <xref linkend=\"tasksel-size-list\"/>。"

#. Tag: title
#: partitioning.xml:283
#, no-c-format
msgid "Device Names in Linux"
msgstr "Linux 里面的设备名称"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:284
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Linux disks and partition names may be different from other operating "
"systems. You need to know the names that Linux uses when you create and "
"mount partitions. Here's the basic naming scheme:"
msgstr ""
"Linux 的磁盘和分区命名可能与其它操作系统不同。您需要知道创建和挂接分区时 "
"Linux 所使用的设备名称。这里是基本的命名方案："

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:292
#, no-c-format
msgid "The first hard disk detected is named <filename>/dev/sda</filename>."
msgstr "第一个检测到的硬盘被命名为 <filename>/dev/dasda</filename>。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:297
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The second hard disk detected is named <filename>/dev/sdb</filename>, and so "
"on."
msgstr "第二个检测到的硬盘被命名为 <filename>/dev/sdb</filename>，等等。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:303
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The first SCSI CD-ROM is named <filename>/dev/scd0</filename>, also known as "
"<filename>/dev/sr0</filename>."
msgstr ""
"第一个 SCSI 光盘驱动器被命名为 <filename>/dev/scd0</filename>，也叫 "
"<filename>/dev/sr0</filename>。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:312
#, no-c-format
msgid "The first DASD device is named <filename>/dev/dasda</filename>."
msgstr "第一个 DASD 设备被命名为 <filename>/dev/dasda</filename>。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:318
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The second DASD device is named <filename>/dev/dasdb</filename>, and so on."
msgstr "第二个 DASD 设备被命名为 <filename>/dev/dasdb</filename>，等等。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:326
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The partitions on each disk are represented by appending a decimal number to "
"the disk name: <filename>sda1</filename> and <filename>sda2</filename> "
"represent the first and second partitions of the first SCSI disk drive in "
"your system."
msgstr ""
"每个磁盘分区的表示，是通过在磁盘名称后面附加一个十进制数字：<filename>sda1</"
"filename> 和 <filename>sda2</filename> 代表系统里的第一个 SCSI 磁盘驱动器的第"
"一个和第二个分区。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:333
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Here is a real-life example. Let's assume you have a system with 2 SCSI "
"disks, one at SCSI address 2 and the other at SCSI address 4. The first disk "
"(at address 2) is then named <filename>sda</filename>, and the second "
"<filename>sdb</filename>. If the <filename>sda</filename> drive has 3 "
"partitions on it, these will be named <filename>sda1</filename>, "
"<filename>sda2</filename>, and <filename>sda3</filename>. The same applies "
"to the <filename>sdb</filename> disk and its partitions."
msgstr ""
"这里有一个具体的例子。假设您有一个系统带有两个 SCSI 磁盘，一个 SCSI 地址是 2 "
"并且另外一个地址是 4。第一个磁盘(在 2 上)会被命名为 <filename>sda</filename>"
"并且第二个是 <filename>sdb</filename>。如果 <filename>sda</filename> 驱动器"
"有 3 个分区，它们将被命名为 <filename>sda1</filename>、<filename>sda2</"
"filename> 和 <filename>sda3</filename>。这同样适用于 <filename>sdb</"
"filename> 及其分区。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:344
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Note that if you have two SCSI host bus adapters (i.e., controllers), the "
"order of the drives can get confusing. The best solution in this case is to "
"watch the boot messages, assuming you know the drive models and/or "
"capacities."
msgstr ""
"注意如果您有两个 SCSI 主机总线适配器(控制器)，设备的顺序可能会比较混乱。最好"
"的解决方案是观察引导信息，如果您知道驱动器型号和/或者容量。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:351
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Linux represents the primary partitions as the drive name, plus the numbers "
"1 through 4. For example, the first primary partition on the first drive is "
"<filename>/dev/sda1</filename>. The logical partitions are numbered starting "
"at 5, so the first logical partition on that same drive is <filename>/dev/"
"sda5</filename>. Remember that the extended partition, that is, the primary "
"partition holding the logical partitions, is not usable by itself."
msgstr ""
"Linux 表示主分区为驱动器名称加上数字 1 到 4。例如，在第一个驱动器上的第一个主"
"分区是 <filename>/dev/sda1</filename>。逻辑驱动器将会从数字 5 开始，因此在相"
"同驱动器上的第一个逻辑驱动器是 <filename>/dev/sda5</filename>。要记住，扩展分"
"区也就是含有逻辑驱动器的主分区，本身不可以使用。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:363
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The partitions on each disk are represented by appending a decimal number to "
"the disk name: <filename>dasda1</filename> and <filename>dasda2</filename> "
"represent the first and second partitions of the first DASD device in your "
"system."
msgstr ""
"每个磁盘的分区名的显示，是通过在磁盘名称后面附加一个十进制数字："
"<filename>dasda1</filename> 以及 <filename>dasda2</filename> 表示您系统上第一"
"个 DASD 设备的第一个以及第二个分区。"

#. Tag: title
#: partitioning.xml:378
#, no-c-format
msgid "&debian; Partitioning Programs"
msgstr "&debian; 分区程序"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:379
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Several varieties of partitioning programs have been adapted by &debian; "
"developers to work on various types of hard disks and computer "
"architectures. Following is a list of the program(s) applicable for your "
"architecture."
msgstr ""
"&debian; 开发人员选用了几种在不同硬盘和不同体系结构上的分区程序。下面是一个适"
"合您的体系的程序列表。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:392
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Recommended partitioning tool in &debian;. This Swiss army knife can also "
"resize partitions, create filesystems <phrase arch=\"any-x86\"> "
"(<quote>format</quote> in Windows speak)</phrase> and assign them to the "
"mountpoints."
msgstr ""
"推荐的 &debian; 分区工具。这把瑞士军刀可以修改分区大小，创建文件系统<phrase "
"arch=\"any-x86\">(Windows 下的说法是 <quote>format</quote>)</phrase>和关联分"
"区至挂接点。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:404
#, no-c-format
msgid "The original Linux disk partitioner, good for gurus."
msgstr "最早的 Linux 磁盘分区工具，对于老手很好用。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:408
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Be careful if you have existing FreeBSD partitions on your machine. The "
"installation kernels include support for these partitions, but the way that "
"<command>fdisk</command> represents them (or not) can make the device names "
"differ. See the <ulink url=\"&url-linux-freebsd;\">Linux+FreeBSD HOWTO</"
"ulink>."
msgstr ""
"请注意，如果您的机器上有一个 FreeBSD 分区。安装内核包含对这些分区的支持，但"
"是 <command>fdisk</command> 表示他们的设备名称方式可能有所不同(也可能不是)。"
"参阅 <ulink url=\"&url-linux-freebsd;\">Linux+FreeBSD HOWTO</ulink>。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:421
#, no-c-format
msgid "A simple-to-use, full-screen disk partitioner for the rest of us."
msgstr "一个简单易用、全屏幕的磁盘分区程序。供其他人员使用。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:425
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Note that <command>cfdisk</command> doesn't understand FreeBSD partitions at "
"all, and, again, device names may differ as a result."
msgstr ""
"请注意 <command>cfdisk</command> 完全不了解 FreeBSD 的分区，因此，再说一次，"
"设备名称与结果可能不同。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:435
#, no-c-format
msgid "Atari-aware version of <command>fdisk</command>."
msgstr "Atari 版本的 <command>fdisk</command>。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:444
#, no-c-format
msgid "Amiga-aware version of <command>fdisk</command>."
msgstr "Amiga-aware 版本的 <command>fdisk</command>。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:453
#, no-c-format
msgid "Mac-aware version of <command>fdisk</command>."
msgstr "Mac-aware 版本的 <command>fdisk</command>。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:462
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"PowerMac-aware version of <command>fdisk</command>, also used by BVM and "
"Motorola VMEbus systems."
msgstr ""
"PowerMac 的 <command>fdisk</command>版本，同时也用于 BVM 以及 Motorola "
"VMEbus 系统。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:472
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"&arch-title; version of <command>fdisk</command>; Please read the fdasd "
"manual page or chapter 13 in <ulink url=\"http://oss.software.ibm.com/"
"developerworks/opensource/linux390/docu/l390dd08.pdf\"> Device Drivers and "
"Installation Commands</ulink> for details."
msgstr ""
"&arch-title; <command>fdisk</command> 的版本; 请阅读 <ulink url=\"fdasd.txt"
"\">fdasd 手册页</ulink>或者 <ulink url=\"http://oss.software.ibm.com/"
"developerworks/opensource/linux390/docu/l390dd08.pdf\"> Device Drivers and "
"Installation Commands</ulink> 的第 13 章获得详细信息。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:483
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"One of these programs will be run by default when you select "
"<guimenuitem>Partition disks</guimenuitem> (or similar). It may be possible "
"to use a different partitioning tool from the command line on VT2, but this "
"is not recommended."
msgstr ""
"当您选择了 <guimenuitem>Partition disks</guimenuitem> (或类似的)，默认会执行"
"其中的一个程序。在 VT2 命令行上也可以使用其他的分区工具，但不推荐采用这种方"
"式。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:490
#, no-c-format
msgid "Remember to mark your boot partition as <quote>Bootable</quote>."
msgstr "要记得标记您的引导分区为 <quote>Bootable</quote>。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:493
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"One key point when partitioning for Mac type disks is that the swap "
"partition is identified by its name; it must be named <quote>swap</quote>. "
"All Mac linux partitions are the same partition type, Apple_UNIX_SRV2. "
"Please read the fine manual. We also suggest reading the <ulink url=\"&url-"
"mac-fdisk-tutorial;\">mac-fdisk Tutorial</ulink>, which includes steps you "
"should take if you are sharing your disk with MacOS."
msgstr ""
"为 Mac 类型磁盘分区的关键点是，交换分区是根据其名称确定的，它必须被命名为"
"<quote>swap</quote>。所有的 Mac Linux 分区都是相同的 Apple_UNIX_SRV2 分区类"
"型。请阅读合适的手册。我们还建议您阅读 <ulink url=\"&url-mac-fdisk-tutorial;"
"\">mac-fdisk Tutorial</ulink>，其中包括了如何同 MacOS 共享磁盘的步骤。"

# index.docbook:612, index.docbook:672, index.docbook:696, index.docbook:793, index.docbook:912, index.docbook:989
#. Tag: title
#: partitioning.xml:509
#, no-c-format
msgid "Partitioning for &arch-title;"
msgstr "为 &arch-title; 分区"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:510
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you are using a new harddisk (or want to wipe out the whole partition "
"table of your disk), a new partition table needs to be created. The "
"<quote>Guided partitioning</quote> does this automatically, but when "
"partitioning manually, move the selection on the top-level entry of the disk "
"and hit &enterkey;. That will create a new partition table on that disk. In "
"expert mode, you will then be asked for the type of the partition table. "
"Default for UEFI-based systems is <quote>gpt</quote>, while for the older "
"BIOS world the default value is <quote>msdos</quote>. In a standard priority "
"installation those defaults will be used automatically."
msgstr ""
"如果使用新的硬盘（或者想要擦除硬盘上的整个分区表），那么需要创建新的分区表。"
"<quote>Guided partitioning</quote> 会自动做这件事，但当手动分区时，需要在磁盘"
"的顶层入口移动选项并点击 &enterkey; 按键。这会在磁盘上创建新的分区表。在专家"
"模式中，然后您会被询问分区表的类型。基于 UEFI 系统默认为 <quote>gpt</quote>，"
"而对于较旧的 BIOS 默认值为 <quote>msdos</quote>。在标准的优先安装中，会自动使"
"用这些默认值。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:522
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"When a partition table with type <quote>gpt</quote> was selected (default "
"for UEFI systems), a free space of 1 MB will automatically get created at "
"the beginning of the disk. This is intended and required to embed the GRUB2 "
"bootloader."
msgstr ""
"当选择 <quote>gpt</quote> 类型（对于 UEFI 系统是默认的）的分区表时，在磁盘的"
"开始部分自动创建空余的 1MB 空间。这会要求用于嵌入 GRUB2 启动引导程序。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:529
#, fuzzy, no-c-format
#| msgid ""
#| "If you have an existing other operating system such as DOS or Windows and "
#| "you want to preserve that operating system while installing &debian;, you "
#| "may need to resize its partition to free up space for the &debian; "
#| "installation. The installer supports resizing of both FAT and NTFS "
#| "filesystems; when you get to the installer's partitioning step, select "
#| "the option <guimenuitem>Manual</guimenuitem> and then simply select an "
#| "existing partition and change its size."
msgid ""
"If you have an existing other operating system such as Windows and you want "
"to preserve that operating system while installing &debian;, you may need to "
"resize its partition to free up space for the &debian; installation. The "
"installer supports resizing of both FAT and NTFS filesystems; when you get "
"to the installer's partitioning step, select the option <guimenuitem>Manual</"
"guimenuitem> and then simply select an existing partition and change its "
"size."
msgstr ""
"如果您已经有 DOS 或 Windows 这样的其他操作系统存在，并想在安装 &debian; 时保"
"留它们，应该重新设置分区大小，释放空间给 &debian; 安装程序。安装程序支持修改 "
"FAT 和 NTFS 文件系统的尺寸；当您进入安装程序的分区步骤，选择 "
"<guimenuitem>Manual</guimenuitem> 选项，然后只需选择已有的分区，更改其尺寸。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:539
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"While modern UEFI systems don't have such limitations as listed below, the "
"old PC BIOS generally adds additional constraints for disk partitioning. "
"There is a limit to how many <quote>primary</quote> and <quote>logical</"
"quote> partitions a drive can contain. Additionally, with pre 1994&ndash;98 "
"BIOSes, there are limits to where on the drive the BIOS can boot from. More "
"information can be found in the <ulink url=\"&url-partition-howto;\">Linux "
"Partition HOWTO</ulink>, but this section will include a brief overview to "
"help you plan most situations."
msgstr ""
"现代的 UEFI 系统没有下面列出的这样的限制，旧的 PC BIOS 通常会对磁盘分区加入一"
"些额外约束。一个是限制单一磁盘可以包含多少个<quote>主分区</quote>和<quote>逻"
"辑分区</quote>。还有，在 1994&ndash;98 前的 BIOS 里，限制 BIOS 可以引导的磁"
"盘。详细的信息可以在 <ulink url=\"&url-partition-howto;\">Linux Partition "
"HOWTO</ulink> 找到，但是本节将包含一个简单的介绍，帮助您在大多数情况下进行规"
"划。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:550
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"<quote>Primary</quote> partitions are the original partitioning scheme for "
"PC disks. However, there can only be four of them. To get past this "
"limitation, <quote>extended</quote> and <quote>logical</quote> partitions "
"were invented. By setting one of your primary partitions as an extended "
"partition, you can subdivide all the space allocated to that partition into "
"logical partitions. You can create up to 60 logical partitions per extended "
"partition; however, you can only have one extended partition per drive."
msgstr ""
"<quote>主</quote>分区是 PC 磁盘上最早的分区方案。但是，每个磁盘只能含有四个主"
"分区。为了突破这个限制，发明了<quote>扩展(extended)</quote>和<quote>逻辑</"
"quote>分区。通过将一个主分区设置为扩展分区，您可以把其他的空间分配到其中划分"
"成逻辑分区。您可以为每个扩展分区分配多至 60 个逻辑分区；但是每个磁盘只能含有"
"一个扩展分区。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:561
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"Linux limits the partitions per drive to 255 partitions for SCSI disks (3 "
"usable primary partitions, 252 logical partitions), and 63 partitions on an "
"IDE drive (3 usable primary partitions, 60 logical partitions). However the "
"normal &debian-gnu; system provides only 20 devices for partitions, so you "
"may not install on partitions higher than 20 unless you first manually "
"create devices for those partitions."
msgstr ""
"对于 SCSI 来说，Linux 限制每个驱动器最多有 255 个分区(3 个可用的主分区，252 "
"个逻辑分区)。对于 IDE 来说可以有 63 个分区(3 个可用的主分区，60 个逻辑分区)。"
"但是对于普通的 &debian-gnu; 版本，系统只支持 20 个分区设备，因此您不能安装超"
"过 20 个的分区，除非您首先为这些分区手工创建了设备文件。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:571
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you have a large IDE disk, and are using neither LBA addressing, nor "
"overlay drivers (sometimes provided by hard disk manufacturers), then the "
"boot partition (the partition containing your kernel image) must be placed "
"within the first 1024 cylinders of your hard drive (usually around 524 "
"megabytes, without BIOS translation)."
msgstr ""
"如果您有一个大的 IDE 磁盘，并且既没有使用 LBA 寻址，也没有覆盖(overlay)驱动"
"(硬盘制造商有时候提供此功能)，那么引导分区(含有您内核映像的分区)必须放置在硬"
"盘第一个 1024 柱面内(在没有 BIOS 转换的情况下，大约有 524MB)。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:579
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"This restriction doesn't apply if you have a BIOS newer than around "
"1995&ndash;98 (depending on the manufacturer) that supports the "
"<quote>Enhanced Disk Drive Support Specification</quote>. &debian;'s Lilo "
"alternative <command>mbr</command> must use the BIOS to read the kernel from "
"the disk into RAM. If the BIOS int 0x13 large disk access extensions are "
"found to be present, they will be utilized. Otherwise, the legacy disk "
"access interface is used as a fall-back, and it cannot be used to address "
"any location on the disk higher than the 1023rd cylinder. Once &arch-kernel; "
"is booted, no matter what BIOS your computer has, these restrictions no "
"longer apply, since &arch-kernel; does not use the BIOS for disk access."
msgstr ""
"如果您的 BIOS 在 1995&ndash;98 年之后出现(取决于制造商)，并且支持 "
"<quote>Enhanced Disk Drive Support Specification</quote>，就没有这个限制。 "
"&debian; 的 Lilo <command>mbr</command> 必须使用 BIOS 来从磁盘读取内核至内"
"存。如果 BIOS int 0x13 大硬盘访问拓展被打开，则将被使用。否则会使用旧的传统磁"
"盘访问接口，而且不能找到任何大于 1023 的柱面。一旦 &arch-kernel; 引导后，不管"
"您的计算机 BIOS 是什么，这些限制都不再起任何作用，因为 &arch-kernel; 并不使"
"用 BIOS 来进行磁盘寻址。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:593
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"If you have a large disk, you might have to use cylinder translation "
"techniques, which you can set from your BIOS setup program, such as LBA "
"(Logical Block Addressing) or CHS translation mode (<quote>Large</quote>). "
"More information about issues with large disks can be found in the <ulink "
"url=\"&url-large-disk-howto;\">Large Disk HOWTO</ulink>. If you are using a "
"cylinder translation scheme, and the BIOS does not support the large disk "
"access extensions, then your boot partition has to fit within the "
"<emphasis>translated</emphasis> representation of the 1024th cylinder."
msgstr ""
"如果您有一个大硬盘，您也许必须使用柱面转换(cylinder translation)技术。它可以"
"在 BIOS 设置程序中打开，比如 LBA (Logical Block Addressing) 或者 CHS 转换模式"
"(<quote>Large</quote>)。关于大硬盘的各种问题可以在 <ulink url=\"&url-large-"
"disk-howto;\">Large Disk HOWTO</ulink> 下找到。如果您正在使用一个柱面转换方"
"案，并且 BIOS 并不支持大硬盘访问拓展，您的引导分区必须放置在<emphasis>转换后"
"</emphasis>的 1024 柱面内。"

#. Tag: para
#: partitioning.xml:605
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
"The recommended way of accomplishing this is to create a small "
"(25&ndash;50MB should suffice) partition at the beginning of the disk to be "
"used as the boot partition, and then create whatever other partitions you "
"wish to have, in the remaining area. This boot partition <emphasis>must</"
"emphasis> be mounted on <filename>/boot</filename>, since that is the "
"directory where the &arch-kernel; kernel(s) will be stored. This "
"configuration will work on any system, regardless of whether LBA or large "
"disk CHS translation is used, and regardless of whether your BIOS supports "
"the large disk access extensions."
msgstr ""
"解决这个问题的推荐方法，是在磁盘开始处创建一个小的(25&ndash;50MB 足矣)分区来"
"作为引导分区。并且在其余地方创建另外的分区。这个引导分区<emphasis>必须</"
"emphasis>挂载到 <filename>/boot</filename> 下，因为它是放置 &arch-kernel; 内"
"核的地方。这样的设置将可以在任意系统上工作，不管 LBA 或者大硬盘 CHS 转换是否"
"起作用，甚至也不管您的 BIOS 是否支持大硬盘访问扩展。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "<filename>/usr</filename>: contains all user programs (<filename>/usr/"
#~ "bin</filename>), libraries (<filename>/usr/lib</filename>), documentation "
#~ "(<filename>/usr/share/doc</filename>), etc. This is the part of the file "
#~ "system that generally takes up most space. You should provide at least "
#~ "500MB of disk space. This amount should be increased depending on the "
#~ "number and type of packages you plan to install. A generous workstation "
#~ "or server installation should allow 4&ndash;6GB."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "<filename>/usr</filename>：包含所有的用户程序(<filename>/usr/bin</"
#~ "filename>)，库文件(<filename>/usr/lib</filename>)，文档(<filename>/usr/"
#~ "share/doc</filename>)，等等。这是文件系统中耗费空间最多的部分。您需要提供"
#~ "至少 500MB 磁盘空间。总容量会依据您要安装的软件包数量和类型增长。宽松的工"
#~ "作站或服务器安装应该需要 4&ndash;6GB。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "It is now recommended to have <filename>/usr</filename> on the root "
#~ "partition <filename>/</filename>, otherwise it could cause some trouble "
#~ "at boot time. This means that you should provide at least 600&ndash;750MB "
#~ "of disk space for the root partition including <filename>/usr</filename>, "
#~ "or 5&ndash;6GB for a workstation or a server installation."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "现在推荐将<filename>/usr</filename>放置在根分区<filename>/</filename>，否"
#~ "则可能会在启动时导致一些问题。这意味着为根分区提供至少 600&ndash;750MB 的"
#~ "磁盘空间来包括<filename>/usr</filename>，或者对于工作站或服务器安装为 "
#~ "5&ndash;6GB。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "Sun disk partitions allow for 8 separate partitions (or slices). The "
#~ "third partition is usually (and is preferred to have) the <quote>Whole "
#~ "Disk</quote> partition. This partition references all of the sectors of "
#~ "the disk, and is used by the boot loader (either SILO, or Sun's)."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Sun 磁盘分区允许8个独立的分区(或者片)。第三个分区通常是(一般也被建议设置"
#~ "为)<quote>Whole Disk</quote>分区。这个分区代表磁盘上所有的扇区，并且将被启"
#~ "动引导器(SILO 或者 SUN 的)使用。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "PALO, the HPPA boot loader, requires a partition of type <quote>F0</"
#~ "quote> somewhere in the first 2GB. This is where the boot loader and an "
#~ "optional kernel and RAMdisk will be stored, so make it big enough for "
#~ "that &mdash; at least 4Mb (I like 8&ndash;16MB). An additional "
#~ "requirement of the firmware is that the Linux kernel must reside within "
#~ "the first 2GB of the disk. This is typically achieved by making the root "
#~ "ext2 partition fit entirely within the first 2GB of the disk. "
#~ "Alternatively you can create a small ext2 partition near the start of the "
#~ "disk and mount that on <filename>/boot</filename>, since that is the "
#~ "directory where the Linux kernel(s) will be stored. <filename>/boot</"
#~ "filename> needs to be big enough to hold whatever kernels (and backups) "
#~ "you might wish to load; 25&ndash;50MB is generally sufficient."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "PALO 是一个 HPPA 的启动引导器。它需要在磁盘前 2GB 内得到一个 <quote>F0</"
#~ "quote> 类型的分区。这个分区里面装有启动引导器以及可选的内核和内存虚拟磁"
#~ "盘。因此最好这个分区的大小应该符合这个要求 &mdash; 至少需要 4 MB (我个人倾"
#~ "向于 8&ndash;16 MB)。固件的一个附加的要求是 Linux 内核必须在磁盘的前 2GB "
#~ "内。达到这一点要求需要把根 ext2 分区整个放在磁盘的头 2GB 内。或者您可以在"
#~ "磁盘前部创建一个小分区，并且被挂载到 <filename>/boot</filename>，然后在这"
#~ "个目录下面放置 Linux 内核。<filename>/boot</filename> 需要足够大以便能够放"
#~ "置入内核；25&ndash;50 MB 一般来说应该足够了。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "The <command>partman</command> disk partitioner is the default "
#~ "partitioning tool for the installer. It manages the set of partitions and "
#~ "their mount points to ensure that the disks and filesystems are properly "
#~ "configured for a successful installation. It actually uses "
#~ "<command>parted</command> to do the on-disk partitioning."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "<command>partman</command> 是安装程序的缺省分区工具。它管理一系列分区以及"
#~ "挂载点，对于一个成功的安装确保磁盘和文件系统有合适的配置。实际上它使用的"
#~ "是 <command>parted</command> 来进行磁盘分区的。"

#~ msgid "EFI Recognized Formats"
#~ msgstr "EFI 能够识别的格式"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "The IA-64 EFI firmware supports two partition table (or disk label) "
#~ "formats, GPT and MS-DOS. MS-DOS, the format typically used on i386 PCs, "
#~ "is no longer recommended for IA-64 systems. Although the installer also "
#~ "provides <command>cfdisk</command>, you should only use <ulink url="
#~ "\"parted.txt\"> <command>parted</command></ulink> because only it can "
#~ "manage both GPT and MS-DOS tables correctly."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "IA-64 EFI 固件支持 GPT 和 MS-DOS 两种分区表(或者 disk label)格式。MS-DOS "
#~ "格式通常用在 i386 PC 上，IA-64 已经不推荐使用。尽管安装程序同时提供了 "
#~ "<command>cfdisk</command>，您应该只采用 <ulink url=\"parted.txt\"> "
#~ "<command>parted</command></ulink>，因为只有它能够同时正确地管理 GPT 和 MS-"
#~ "DOS 分区表。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "The automatic partitioning recipes for <command>partman</command> "
#~ "allocate an EFI partition as the first partition on the disk. You can "
#~ "also set up the partition under the <guimenuitem>Guided partitioning</"
#~ "guimenuitem> from the main menu in a manner similar to setting up a "
#~ "<emphasis>swap</emphasis> partition."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "<command>partman</command> 自动分区方案会分配一个 EFI 分区作为磁盘上的第一"
#~ "个分区。您也可以在主菜单下选择 <guimenuitem>Guided partitioning</"
#~ "guimenuitem> 配置分区。其方法类似设置一个 <emphasis>交换</emphasis> 分区。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "The <command>partman</command> partitioner will handle most disk layouts. "
#~ "For those rare cases where it is necessary to manually set up a disk, you "
#~ "can use the shell as described above and run the <command>parted</"
#~ "command> utility directly using its command line interface. Assuming that "
#~ "you want to erase your whole disk and create a GPT table and some "
#~ "partitions, then something similar to the following command sequence "
#~ "could be used: <informalexample><screen>\n"
#~ "      mklabel gpt\n"
#~ "      mkpartfs primary fat 0 50\n"
#~ "      mkpartfs primary linux-swap 51 1000\n"
#~ "      mkpartfs primary ext2 1001 3000\n"
#~ "      set 1 boot on\n"
#~ "      print\n"
#~ "      quit\n"
#~ "</screen></informalexample> This creates a new partition table, and three "
#~ "partitions to be used as an EFI boot partition, swap space, and a root "
#~ "file system. Finally it sets the boot flag on the EFI partition. "
#~ "Partitions are specified in Megabytes, with start and end offsets from "
#~ "the beginning of the disk. So, for example, above we created a 1999MB "
#~ "ext2 file system starting at offset 1001MB from the start of the disk. "
#~ "Note that formatting swap space with <command>parted</command> can take a "
#~ "few minutes to complete, as it scans the partition for bad blocks."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "<command>partman</command> 分区工具将掌握大部分的磁盘布局。对于那些需要手"
#~ "工设置磁盘的罕见例子，您可以按照上面方法采用 shell 并且直接运行 "
#~ "<command>parted</command> 工具下的明令行界面。比如您想擦除您的整个硬盘并且"
#~ "创立一个 GPT 分区表以及一些分区，则可以才采用类似下面命令的方法："
#~ "<informalexample><screen>\n"
#~ "      mklabel gpt\n"
#~ "      mkpartfs primary fat 0 50\n"
#~ "      mkpartfs primary linux-swap 51 1000\n"
#~ "      mkpartfs primary ext2 1001 3000\n"
#~ "      set 1 boot on\n"
#~ "      print\n"
#~ "      quit\n"
#~ "</screen></informalexample> 这里创建了一个新的分区表，以及三个分区分别用"
#~ "做 EFI 引导分区，交换空间以及一个根文件系统。最后它设置了 EFI 分区的引导标"
#~ "记。分区将用兆字节，以及起始和结束位置到磁盘开始的偏移量来表示。因此，比如"
#~ "在上面我们在到磁盘开始处偏移量为 1001MB 的地方开始创建了一个 1999MB ext2 "
#~ "文件系统。注意采用 <command>parted</command> 格式化交换分区，可能要花一些"
#~ "时间来完成，因为它可能要扫描坏区。"

#~ msgid "Boot Loader Partition Requirements"
#~ msgstr "启动引导器分区要求"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "ELILO, the IA-64 boot loader, requires a partition containing a FAT file "
#~ "system with the <userinput>boot</userinput> flag set. The partition must "
#~ "be big enough to hold the boot loader and any kernels or RAMdisks you may "
#~ "wish to boot. A minimum size would be about 20MB, but if you expect to "
#~ "run with multiple kernels, then 128MB might be a better size."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "ELILO 作为一种 IA-64 启动引导器需要一个含有 FAT 文件系统的分区。且此分区标"
#~ "记为 <userinput>boot</userinput>。分区必须足够大以便能够放入启动引导器，您"
#~ "想引导的内核以及 RAMdisks 内存磁盘镜像。最小的尺寸大概有 20MB，但是如果您"
#~ "想使用多个内核的话，128MB 也许更好。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "The EFI Boot Manager and the EFI Shell fully support the GPT table so the "
#~ "boot partition does not necessarily have to be the first partition or "
#~ "even on the same disk. This is convenient if you should forget to "
#~ "allocate the partition and only find out after you have formatted the "
#~ "other partitions on your disk(s). The <command>partman</command> "
#~ "partitioner checks for an EFI partition at the same time it checks for a "
#~ "properly set up <emphasis>root</emphasis> partition. This gives you an "
#~ "opportunity to correct the disk layout before the package install begins. "
#~ "The easiest way to correct this omission is to shrink the last partition "
#~ "of the disk to make enough free space for adding an EFI partition."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "因为 EFI Boot Manager 以及 EFI Shell 完全支持 GPT 表格所以引导分区不需要一"
#~ "定是第一个分区，甚至可以不在本地磁盘上。这样方便您在格式化磁盘上的其它分区"
#~ "后再决定。<command>partman</command> 分区程序将在设置 <emphasis>root</"
#~ "emphasis> 分区时会同时检查一个 EFI 分区。这样您就有机会在开始安装软件包之"
#~ "前检查磁盘的布局。纠正这个问题的最简单的方法，是在最后一个分区末尾留下足够"
#~ "的磁盘空间，来加入一个 EFI 分区。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "It is strongly recommended that you allocate the EFI boot partition on "
#~ "the same disk as the <emphasis>root</emphasis> filesystem."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "强烈推荐您把 EFI 引导分区和 <emphasis>root</emphasis> 文件系统分配在同一个"
#~ "磁盘上。"

#~ msgid "EFI Diagnostic Partitions"
#~ msgstr "EFI 诊断分区"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "The EFI firmware is significantly more sophisticated than the usual BIOS "
#~ "seen on most x86 PCs. Some system vendors take advantage of the ability "
#~ "of the EFI to access files and run programs from a hard disk filesystem "
#~ "to store diagnostics and EFI based system management utilities on the "
#~ "hard disk. This is a separate FAT format filesystem on the system disk. "
#~ "Consult the system documentation and accessories that come with the "
#~ "system for details. The easiest time to set up a diagnostics partition is "
#~ "at the same time you set up the EFI boot partition."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "对于在大多数 x86 PCs 上常见的 BIOS 来说，EFI 固件明显要复杂的多。一些系统"
#~ "制造商利用 EFI 的 优点从硬盘文件系统来访问文件以及运行程序以保存一些诊断信"
#~ "息和 EFI 的系统管理工具。这将在系统磁盘上存在一个分开的 FAT 文件系统。请查"
#~ "阅随机相关的系统文档和附件以获得细节。最轻松设置一个诊断分区的时候是在设"
#~ "置 EFI 引导分区的时候。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "SGI machines require an SGI disk label in order to make the system "
#~ "bootable from hard disk. It can be created in the fdisk expert menu. The "
#~ "thereby created volume header (partition number 9) should be at least 3MB "
#~ "large. If the volume header created is too small, you can simply delete "
#~ "partition number 9 and re-add it with a different size. Note that the "
#~ "volume header must start at sector 0."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "SGI 机器需要一个 SGI 磁盘标记来确保系统能够从硬盘上引导。它能够在 fdisk 高"
#~ "级菜单下创建。因此创建的 volume header (分区号 9)应该有至少 3MB 大。如果 "
#~ "volume header 创建的太小，您可以简单的删除分区号 9，并且重新以不同的尺寸加"
#~ "入。注意 volume header 必须从 0 号扇区开始。"

#~ msgid "Partitioning Newer PowerMacs"
#~ msgstr "为较新的 PowerMacs 分区"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "If you are installing onto a NewWorld PowerMac you must create a special "
#~ "bootstrap partition to hold the boot loader. The size of this partition "
#~ "must have at least 819200 bytes and its partition type must be "
#~ "<emphasis>Apple_Bootstrap</emphasis>. If the bootstrap partition is not "
#~ "created with the <emphasis>Apple_Bootstrap</emphasis> type your machine "
#~ "cannot be made bootable from the hard disk. This partition can easily be "
#~ "created by creating a new partition in <command>partman</command> and "
#~ "telling it to use it as a <quote>NewWorld boot partition</quote>, or in "
#~ "<command>mac-fdisk</command> using the <userinput>b</userinput> command."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "如果您正在一台 NewWorld PowerMac 上面安装，必须创建一个特殊的启动分区来驻"
#~ "留 bootloader。这个分区的尺寸至少要有 819200 字节，并且它的分区类型必须是 "
#~ "<emphasis>Apple_Bootstrap</emphasis>。如果启动分区不是 "
#~ "<emphasis>Apple_Bootstrap</emphasis> 类型，机器就不能从硬盘上引导。该分区"
#~ "可以在 <command>partman</command> 里面轻松地创建，只需通过创建新分区命令并"
#~ "告诉它是 <quote>NewWorld boot partition</quote>，或者在 <command>mac-"
#~ "fdisk</command> 里面使用 <userinput>b</userinput> 命令。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "The special partition type Apple_Bootstrap is required to prevent MacOS "
#~ "from mounting and damaging the bootstrap partition, as there are special "
#~ "modifications made to it in order for OpenFirmware to boot it "
#~ "automatically."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "这里要求特殊的分区类型 Apple_Bootstrap 来阻止 MacOS 挂接以及处理启动分区。"
#~ "因为里面 含有一些特殊修改的模式来让 OpenFirmware 能够自动启动它。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "Note that the bootstrap partition is only meant to hold 3 very small "
#~ "files: the <command>yaboot</command> binary, its configuration "
#~ "<filename>yaboot.conf</filename>, and a first stage OpenFirmware loader "
#~ "<command>ofboot.b</command>. It need not and must not be mounted on your "
#~ "file system nor have kernels or anything else copied to it. The "
#~ "<command>ybin</command> and <command>mkofboot</command> utilities are "
#~ "used to manipulate this partition."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "注意启动分区只含有三个非常小的文件：<command>yaboot</command> 可执行文件，"
#~ "它的配置文件 <filename>yaboot.conf</filename>，以及一个第一级 "
#~ "OpenFirmware 装载器 <command>ofboot.b</command>。它不需要，也一定不要被您"
#~ "的文件系统挂接，或者把内核以及其它文件放入在其中。<command>ybin</command> "
#~ "和 <command>mkofboot</command> 工具可以用来维护这个分区。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "In order for OpenFirmware to automatically boot &debian-gnu; the "
#~ "bootstrap partition should appear before other boot partitions on the "
#~ "disk, especially MacOS boot partitions. The bootstrap partition should be "
#~ "the first one you create. However, if you add a bootstrap partition "
#~ "later, you can use <command>mac-fdisk</command>'s <userinput>r</"
#~ "userinput> command to reorder the partition map so the bootstrap "
#~ "partition comes right after the map (which is always partition 1). It's "
#~ "the logical map order, not the physical address order, that counts."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "为了确保 OpenFirmware 能够自动引导 &debian-gnu; 启动分区应该先于其它磁盘上"
#~ "的引导分区，特别是 MacOS 引导分区。启动分区应该是您第一个创建的分区。但"
#~ "是，如果您在其它情况下后加入启动分区，您可以使用 <command>mac-fdisk</"
#~ "command> 的 <userinput>r</userinput> 命令来重新调整分区布局。这样启动分区"
#~ "就可以在随后时间内顺利使用 (它总是位于 1 号分区)。注意的是，这只是逻辑布局"
#~ "顺序而不是物理地址顺序。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "Apple disks normally have several small driver partitions. If you intend "
#~ "to dual boot your machine with MacOSX, you should retain these partitions "
#~ "and a small HFS partition (800k is the minimum size). That is because "
#~ "MacOSX, on every boot, offers to initialize any disks which do not have "
#~ "active MacOS partitions and driver partitions."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Apple 磁盘通常有一些小的驱动分区。如果您想和 MacOSX 一起使用而采用双引导，"
#~ "您应该保持这些分区以及一个小的 HFS 分区 (最少要求 800k)。这是因为 MacOSX "
#~ "在每次启动的时候，会初始化没有任何激活的 MacOS 分区以及驱动分区的磁盘。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "Make sure you create a <quote>Sun disk label</quote> on your boot disk. "
#~ "This is the only kind of partition scheme that the OpenBoot PROM "
#~ "understands, and so it's the only scheme from which you can boot. The "
#~ "<keycap>s</keycap> key is used in <command>fdisk</command> to create Sun "
#~ "disk labels."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "首先确保在您的引导磁盘上面创建有一个 <quote>Sun 磁盘标记</quote>。这是 "
#~ "OpenBoot PROM 唯一懂得的分区方式，因此它是唯一能够被引导的分区类型。可以"
#~ "在 <keycap>s</keycap> 中用 <command>fdisk</command> 键来创建 Sun 磁盘标"
#~ "记。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "Furthermore, on &arch-title; disks, make sure your first partition on "
#~ "your boot disk starts at cylinder 0. While this is required, it also "
#~ "means that the first partition will contain the partition table and the "
#~ "boot block, which are the first two sectors of the disk. You must "
#~ "<emphasis>not</emphasis> put swap on the first partition of the boot "
#~ "drive, since swap partitions do not preserve the first few sectors of the "
#~ "partition. You can put Ext2 or UFS partitions there; these will leave the "
#~ "partition table and the boot block alone."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "进一步来说，在 &arch-title; 磁盘里，请确定您的引导磁盘的第一分区是从 "
#~ "cylinder 0 开始的。在这里是必须的，这意味着第一个分区将含有分区表以及引导"
#~ "块。它们通常在磁盘的前两个扇区内。您必须 <emphasis>not</emphasis> 能设置引"
#~ "导磁盘的第一分区为交换分区，因为交换分区并不能保留分区前两个扇区。您可以放"
#~ "置 Ext2 或者 UFS 分区在那里；它们将隔离分区表和引导块。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "It is also advised that the third partition should be of type "
#~ "<quote>Whole disk</quote> (type 5), and contain the entire disk (from the "
#~ "first cylinder to the last). This is simply a convention of Sun disk "
#~ "labels, and helps the <command>SILO</command> boot loader keep its "
#~ "bearings."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "这里建议第三个分区应该是 <quote>Whole disk</quote>(type 5)，并且包含整个磁"
#~ "盘 (从第一个柱面至最后一个)，这是 Sun 磁盘格式的惯例，并且确保 "
#~ "<command>SILO</command> 启动引导器工作良好。"

#~ msgid "The first floppy drive is named <filename>/dev/fd0</filename>."
#~ msgstr "第一个软盘驱动器被命名为 <filename>/dev/fd0</filename>。"

#~ msgid "The second floppy drive is named <filename>/dev/fd1</filename>."
#~ msgstr "第二个软盘驱动器被命名为 <filename>/dev/fd1</filename>。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "On some 32-bit architectures (m68k and PowerPC), the maximum size of a "
#~ "swap partition is 2GB. That should be enough for nearly any installation. "
#~ "However, if your swap requirements are this high, you should probably try "
#~ "to spread the swap across different disks (also called <quote>spindles</"
#~ "quote>) and, if possible, different SCSI or IDE channels. The kernel will "
#~ "balance swap usage between multiple swap partitions, giving better "
#~ "performance."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "在 32 位体系结构(m68k 和 PowerPC)下，最大的交换分区尺寸是 2GB。这应该基本"
#~ "满足任何安装情况。但是如果您的交换分区需求非常大，您或许该将交换分区散布到"
#~ "不同磁盘中(也叫做 <quote>spindles</quote>)，并且如果可能的话，使用不同的 "
#~ "SCSI 或者 IDE 通道。内核将平衡使用多个交换分区以达到更好的性能。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "The first SCSI disk (SCSI ID address-wise) is named <filename>/dev/sda</"
#~ "filename>."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "第一个 SCSI 驱动器(SCSI ID address-wise)被命名为 <filename>/dev/sda</"
#~ "filename>。"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "The second SCSI disk (address-wise) is named <filename>/dev/sdb</"
#~ "filename>, and so on."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "第二个 SCSI 驱动器(address-wise)被命名为 <filename>/dev/sdb</filename>，等"
#~ "等。"

#~ msgid "Virtual directory for system information (2.4 and 2.6 kernels)"
#~ msgstr "系统信息的虚拟目录(2.4 和 2.6 内核)"

#~ msgid "partman"
#~ msgstr "partman"

#~ msgid "fdisk"
#~ msgstr "fdisk"

#~ msgid "cfdisk"
#~ msgstr "cfdisk"

#~ msgid "atari-fdisk"
#~ msgstr "atari-fdisk"

#~ msgid "amiga-fdisk"
#~ msgstr "amiga-fdisk"

#~ msgid "mac-fdisk"
#~ msgstr "mac-fdisk"

#~ msgid "pmac-fdisk"
#~ msgstr "pmac-fdisk"

#~ msgid "fdasd"
#~ msgstr "fdasd"