# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: debian-boot@lists.debian.org\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2007-01-04 06:04+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: application/x-xml2pot; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:4 #, no-c-format msgid "Random Bits" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:11 #, no-c-format msgid "Linux Devices" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:12 #, no-c-format msgid "In Linux various special files can be found under the directory /dev. These files are called device files and behave unlike ordinary files. The most common types of device files are for block devices and character devices. These files are an interface to the actual driver (part of the Linux kernel) which in turn accesses the hardware. Another, less common, type of device file is the named pipe. The most important device files are listed in the tables below." msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:27 #, no-c-format msgid "fd0" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:28 #, no-c-format msgid "First Floppy Drive" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:30 #, no-c-format msgid "fd1" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:31 #, no-c-format msgid "Second Floppy Drive" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:37 #, no-c-format msgid "hda" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:38 #, no-c-format msgid "IDE Hard disk / CD-ROM on the first IDE port (Master)" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:40 #, no-c-format msgid "hdb" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:41 #, no-c-format msgid "IDE Hard disk / CD-ROM on the first IDE port (Slave)" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:43 #, no-c-format msgid "hdc" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:44 #, no-c-format msgid "IDE Hard disk / CD-ROM on the second IDE port (Master)" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:46 #, no-c-format msgid "hdd" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:47 #, no-c-format msgid "IDE Hard disk / CD-ROM on the second IDE port (Slave)" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:49 #, no-c-format msgid "hda1" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:50 #, no-c-format msgid "First partition of the first IDE hard disk" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:52 #, no-c-format msgid "hdd15" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:53 #, no-c-format msgid "Fifteenth partition of the fourth IDE hard disk" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:59 #, no-c-format msgid "sda" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:60 #, no-c-format msgid "SCSI Hard disk with lowest SCSI ID (e.g. 0)" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:62 #, no-c-format msgid "sdb" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:63 #, no-c-format msgid "SCSI Hard disk with next higher SCSI ID (e.g. 1)" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:65 #, no-c-format msgid "sdc" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:66 #, no-c-format msgid "SCSI Hard disk with next higher SCSI ID (e.g. 2)" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:68 #, no-c-format msgid "sda1" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:69 #, no-c-format msgid "First partition of the first SCSI hard disk" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:71 #, no-c-format msgid "sdd10" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:72 #, no-c-format msgid "Tenth partition of the fourth SCSI hard disk" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:78 #, no-c-format msgid "sr0" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:79 #, no-c-format msgid "SCSI CD-ROM with the lowest SCSI ID" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:81 #, no-c-format msgid "sr1" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:82 #, no-c-format msgid "SCSI CD-ROM with the next higher SCSI ID" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:88 #, no-c-format msgid "ttyS0" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:89 #, no-c-format msgid "Serial port 0, COM1 under MS-DOS" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:91 #, no-c-format msgid "ttyS1" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:92 #, no-c-format msgid "Serial port 1, COM2 under MS-DOS" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:94 #, no-c-format msgid "psaux" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:95 #, no-c-format msgid "PS/2 mouse device" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:97 #, no-c-format msgid "gpmdata" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:98 #, no-c-format msgid "Pseudo device, repeater data from GPM (mouse) daemon" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:104 #, no-c-format msgid "cdrom" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:105 #, no-c-format msgid "Symbolic link to the CD-ROM drive" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:107 #, no-c-format msgid "mouse" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:108 #, no-c-format msgid "Symbolic link to the mouse device file" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:114 #, no-c-format msgid "null" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:115 #, no-c-format msgid "Anything written to this device will disappear" msgstr "" #. Tag: filename #: random-bits.xml:117 #, no-c-format msgid "zero" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:118 #, no-c-format msgid "One can endlessly read zeros out of this device" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:125 #, no-c-format msgid "Setting Up Your Mouse" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:127 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The mouse can be used in both the Linux console (with gpm) and the X window environment. The two uses can be made compatible if the gpm repeater is used to allow the signal to flow to the X server as shown: \n" "mouse => /dev/psaux => gpm => /dev/gpmdata -> /dev/mouse => X\n" " /dev/ttyS0 (repeater) (symlink)\n" " /dev/ttyS1\n" " Set the repeater protocol to be raw (in /etc/gpm.conf) while setting X to the original mouse protocol in /etc/X11/XF86Config or /etc/X11/XF86Config-4." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:139 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This approach to use gpm even in X has advantages when the mouse is unplugged inadvertently. Simply restarting gpm with \n" "# /etc/init.d/gpm restart\n" " will re-connect the mouse in software without restarting X." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:148 #, no-c-format msgid "If gpm is disabled or not installed for some reason, make sure to set X to read directly from a mouse device such as /dev/psaux. For details, refer to the 3-Button Mouse mini-Howto at /usr/share/doc/HOWTO/en-txt/mini/3-Button-Mouse.gz, man gpm, /usr/share/doc/gpm/FAQ.gz, and README.mouse." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:158 #, no-c-format msgid "For PowerPC, in /etc/X11/XF86Config or /etc/X11/XF86Config-4, set the mouse device to \"/dev/input/mice\"." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:164 #, no-c-format msgid "Modern kernels give you the capability to emulate a three-button mouse when your mouse only has one button. Just add the following lines to /etc/sysctl.conf file." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:170 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# 3-button mouse emulation\n" "# turn on emulation\n" "/dev/mac_hid/mouse_button_emulation = 1\n" "# Send middle mouse button signal with the F11 key\n" "/dev/mac_hid/mouse_button2_keycode = 87\n" "# Send right mouse button signal with the F12 key\n" "/dev/mac_hid/mouse_button3_keycode = 88\n" "# For different keys, use showkey to tell you what the code is." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:177 #, no-c-format msgid "Disk Space Needed for Tasks" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:194 #, no-c-format msgid "A standard installation for the i386 architecture, including all standard packages and using the default 2.6 kernel, takes up 442MB of disk space. A minimal base installation, without the Standard system task selected, will take 230MB." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:202 #, no-c-format msgid "In both cases this is the actual disk space used after the installation is finished and any temporary files deleted. It also does not take into account overhead used by the file system, for example for journal files. This means that significantly more disk space is needed both during the installation and for normal system use." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:211 #, no-c-format msgid "The following table lists sizes reported by aptitude for the tasks listed in tasksel. Note that some tasks have overlapping constituents, so the total installed size for two tasks together may be less than the total obtained by adding up the numbers." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:218 #, no-c-format msgid "Note that you will need to add the sizes listed in the table to the size of the standard installation when determining the size of partitions. Most of the size listed as Installed size will end up in /usr and in /lib; the size listed as Download size is (temporarily) required in /var." msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:232 #, no-c-format msgid "Task" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:233 #, no-c-format msgid "Installed size (MB)" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:234 #, no-c-format msgid "Download size (MB)" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:235 #, no-c-format msgid "Space needed to install (MB)" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:241 #, no-c-format msgid "Desktop environment" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:242 #, no-c-format msgid "1267" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:243 #, no-c-format msgid "420" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:244 #, no-c-format msgid "1667" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:248 #, no-c-format msgid "Laptop" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:250 #, no-c-format msgid "There is a large overlap of the Laptop task with the Destop environment task. If you install both, the Laptop task will only require a few MB additional disk space." msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:257 #, no-c-format msgid "50" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:258 #, no-c-format msgid "17" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:259 #, no-c-format msgid "67" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:263 #, no-c-format msgid "Web server" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:264 #, no-c-format msgid "35" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:265 #, no-c-format msgid "11" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:266 #, no-c-format msgid "46" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:270 #, no-c-format msgid "Print server" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:271 #, no-c-format msgid "277" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:272 #, no-c-format msgid "79" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:273 #, no-c-format msgid "356" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:277 #, no-c-format msgid "DNS server" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:278 #, no-c-format msgid "2" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:279 #, no-c-format msgid "1" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:280 #, no-c-format msgid "3" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:284 #, no-c-format msgid "File server" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:285 #, no-c-format msgid "49" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:286 #, no-c-format msgid "21" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:287 #, no-c-format msgid "70" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:291 #, no-c-format msgid "Mail server" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:292 #, no-c-format msgid "13" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:293 #, no-c-format msgid "5" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:294 #, no-c-format msgid "18" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:298 #, no-c-format msgid "SQL database" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:299 #, no-c-format msgid "24" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:300 #, no-c-format msgid "8" msgstr "" #. Tag: entry #: random-bits.xml:301 #, no-c-format msgid "32" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:307 #, no-c-format msgid "The Desktop task will install the GNOME desktop environment." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:314 #, no-c-format msgid "If you install in a language other than English, tasksel may automatically install a localization task, if one is available for your language. Space requirements differ per language; you should allow up to 350MB in total for download and installation." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:329 #, no-c-format msgid "Installing &debian; from a Unix/Linux System" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:331 #, no-c-format msgid "This section explains how to install &debian; from an existing Unix or Linux system, without using the menu-driven installer as explained in the rest of the manual. This cross-install HOWTO has been requested by users switching to &debian; from Red Hat, Mandrake, and SUSE. In this section some familiarity with entering *nix commands and navigating the file system is assumed. In this section, $ symbolizes a command to be entered in the user's current system, while # refers to a command entered in the Debian chroot." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:343 #, no-c-format msgid "Once you've got the new Debian system configured to your preference, you can migrate your existing user data (if any) to it, and keep on rolling. This is therefore a zero downtime &debian; install. It's also a clever way for dealing with hardware that otherwise doesn't play friendly with various boot or installation media." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:355 #, no-c-format msgid "Getting Started" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:356 #, no-c-format msgid "With your current *nix partitioning tools, repartition the hard drive as needed, creating at least one filesystem plus swap. You need around 350MB of space available for a console only install, or about 1GB if you plan to install X (more if you intend to install desktop environments like GNOME or KDE)." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:364 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Next, create file systems on the partitions. For example, to create an ext3 file system on partition /dev/hda6 (that's our example root partition): \n" "# mke2fs -j /dev/hda6\n" " To create an ext2 file system instead, omit -j." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:374 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Initialize and activate swap (substitute the partition number for your intended Debian swap partition): \n" "# mkswap /dev/hda5\n" "# sync; sync; sync\n" "# swapon /dev/hda5\n" " Mount one partition as /mnt/debinst (the installation point, to be the root (/) filesystem on your new system). The mount point name is strictly arbitrary, it is referenced later below." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:386 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# mkdir /mnt/debinst\n" "# mount /dev/hda6 /mnt/debinst" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:389 #, no-c-format msgid "If you want to have parts of the filesystem (e.g. /usr) mounted on separate partitions, you will need to create and mount these directories manually before proceding with the next stage." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:399 #, no-c-format msgid "Install debootstrap" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:400 #, no-c-format msgid "The utility used by the Debian installer, and recognized as the official way to install a Debian base system, is debootstrap. It uses wget and ar, but otherwise depends only on /bin/sh and basic Unix/Linux tools These include the GNU core utilities and commands like sed, grep, tar and gzip. . Install wget and ar if they aren't already on your current system, then download and install debootstrap." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:430 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Or, you can use the following procedure to install it manually. Make a work folder for extracting the .deb into: \n" "# mkdir work\n" "# cd work\n" " The debootstrap binary is located in the Debian archive (be sure to select the proper file for your architecture). Download the debootstrap .deb from the pool, copy the package to the work folder, and extract the files from it. You will need to have root privileges to install the files." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:445 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# ar -x debootstrap_0.X.X_all.deb\n" "# cd /\n" "# zcat /full-path-to-work/work/data.tar.gz | tar xv" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:451 #, no-c-format msgid "Run debootstrap" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:452 #, no-c-format msgid "debootstrap can download the needed files directly from the archive when you run it. You can substitute any Debian archive mirror for http.us.debian.org/debian in the command example below, preferably a mirror close to you network-wise. Mirrors are listed at ." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:461 #, no-c-format msgid "If you have a &releasename; &debian; CD mounted at /cdrom, you could substitute a file URL instead of the http URL: file:/cdrom/debian/" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:467 #, no-c-format msgid "Substitute one of the following for ARCH in the debootstrap command: alpha, amd64, arm, hppa, i386, ia64, m68k, mips, mipsel, powerpc, s390, or sparc." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:485 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# /usr/sbin/debootstrap --arch ARCH &releasename; \\\n" " /mnt/debinst http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:491 #, no-c-format msgid "Configure The Base System" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:492 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Now you've got a real Debian system, though rather lean, on disk. chroot into it: \n" "# LANG=C chroot /mnt/debinst /bin/bash\n" " After chrooting you may need to set the terminal definition to be compatible with the Debian base system, for example:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:502 #, no-c-format msgid "# export TERM=xterm-color" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:507 #, no-c-format msgid "Mount Partitions" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:508 #, no-c-format msgid "" "You need to create /etc/fstab. \n" "# editor /etc/fstab\n" " Here is a sample you can modify to suit: \n" "# /etc/fstab: static file system information.\n" "#\n" "# file system mount point type options dump pass\n" "/dev/XXX / ext3 defaults 0 1\n" "/dev/XXX /boot ext3 ro,nosuid,nodev 0 2\n" "\n" "/dev/XXX none swap sw 0 0\n" "proc /proc proc defaults 0 0\n" "\n" "/dev/fd0 /media/floppy auto noauto,rw,sync,user,exec 0 0\n" "/dev/cdrom /media/cdrom iso9660 noauto,ro,user,exec 0 0\n" "\n" "/dev/XXX /tmp ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 2\n" "/dev/XXX /var ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 2\n" "/dev/XXX /usr ext3 rw,nodev 0 2\n" "/dev/XXX /home ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 2\n" " Use mount -a to mount all the file systems you have specified in your /etc/fstab, or, to mount file systems individually, use: \n" "# mount /path # e.g.: mount /usr\n" " Current Debian systems have mountpoints for removable media under /media, but keep compatibility symlinks in /. Create these as as needed, for example: \n" "# cd /media\n" "# mkdir cdrom0\n" "# ln -s cdrom0 cdrom\n" "# cd /\n" "# ln -s media/cdrom\n" " You can mount the proc file system multiple times and to arbitrary locations, though /proc is customary. If you didn't use mount -a, be sure to mount proc before continuing:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:534 #, no-c-format msgid "# mount -t proc proc /proc" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:536 #, no-c-format msgid "The command ls /proc should now show a non-empty directory. Should this fail, you may be able to mount proc from outside the chroot:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:542 #, no-c-format msgid "# mount -t proc proc /mnt/debinst/proc" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:548 #, no-c-format msgid "Setting Timezone" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:549 #, no-c-format msgid "An option in the file /etc/default/rcS determines whether the system will interpret the hardware clock as being set to UTC or local time. The following command allow you to set that and choose your timezone." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:556 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# editor /etc/default/rcS\n" "# tzconfig" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:562 #, no-c-format msgid "Configure Networking" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:563 #, no-c-format msgid "" "To configure networking, edit /etc/network/interfaces, /etc/resolv.conf, /etc/hostname and /etc/hosts. \n" "# editor /etc/network/interfaces\n" " Here are some simple examples from /usr/share/doc/ifupdown/examples: \n" "######################################################################\n" "# /etc/network/interfaces -- configuration file for ifup(8), ifdown(8)\n" "# See the interfaces(5) manpage for information on what options are\n" "# available.\n" "######################################################################\n" "\n" "# We always want the loopback interface.\n" "#\n" "auto lo\n" "iface lo inet loopback\n" "\n" "# To use dhcp:\n" "#\n" "# auto eth0\n" "# iface eth0 inet dhcp\n" "\n" "# An example static IP setup: (broadcast and gateway are optional)\n" "#\n" "# auto eth0\n" "# iface eth0 inet static\n" "# address 192.168.0.42\n" "# network 192.168.0.0\n" "# netmask 255.255.255.0\n" "# broadcast 192.168.0.255\n" "# gateway 192.168.0.1\n" " Enter your nameserver(s) and search directives in /etc/resolv.conf: \n" "# editor /etc/resolv.conf\n" " A simple /etc/resolv.conf: \n" "search hqdom.local\\000\n" "nameserver 10.1.1.36\n" "nameserver 192.168.9.100\n" " Enter your system's host name (2 to 63 characters): \n" "# echo DebianHostName > /etc/hostname\n" " And a basic /etc/hosts with IPv6 support: \n" "127.0.0.1 localhost DebianHostName\n" "\n" "# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts\n" "::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback\n" "fe00::0 ip6-localnet\n" "ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix\n" "ff02::1 ip6-allnodes\n" "ff02::2 ip6-allrouters\n" "ff02::3 ip6-allhosts\n" " If you have multiple network cards, you should arrange the names of driver modules in the /etc/modules file into the desired order. Then during boot, each card will be associated with the interface name (eth0, eth1, etc.) that you expect." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:604 #, no-c-format msgid "Configure Apt" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:605 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Debootstrap will have created a very basic /etc/apt/sources.list that will allow installing additional packages. However, you may want to add some additional sources, for example for source packages and security updates: \n" "deb-src http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian etch main\n" "\n" "deb http://security.debian.org/ etch/updates main\n" "deb-src http://security.debian.org/ etch/updates main\n" " Make sure to run aptitude update after you have made changes to the sources list." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:621 #, no-c-format msgid "Configure Locales and Keyboard" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:622 #, no-c-format msgid "" "To configure your locale settings to use a language other than English, install the locales support package and configure it. Currently the use of UTF-8 locales is recommended. \n" "# aptitude install locales\n" "# dpkg-reconfigure locales\n" " To configure your keyboard (if needed):" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:632 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# aptitude install console-data\n" "# dpkg-reconfigure console-data" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:634 #, no-c-format msgid "Note that the keyboard cannot be set while in the chroot, but will be configured for the next reboot." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:644 #, no-c-format msgid "Install a Kernel" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:645 #, no-c-format msgid "If you intend to boot this system, you probably want a Linux kernel and a boot loader. Identify available pre-packaged kernels with:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:650 #, no-c-format msgid "# apt-cache search linux-image" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:652 #, no-c-format msgid "If you intend to use a pre-packaged kernel, you may want to create the configuration file /etc/kernel-img.conf before you do so. Here's an example file:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:658 #, no-c-format msgid "" "# Kernel image management overrides\n" "# See kernel-img.conf(5) for details\n" "do_symlinks = yes\n" "relative_links = yes\n" "do_bootloader = yes\n" "do_bootfloppy = no\n" "do_initrd = yes\n" "link_in_boot = no" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:660 #, no-c-format msgid "For detailed information about this file and the various options, consult its man page which will be available after installing the kernel-package package. We recommend that you check that the values are appropriate for your system." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:667 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you intend to use grub as your bootloader, you can set the do_bootloader option to no. To automatically update your /boot/grub/menu.lst on installation or removal of Debian kernels, add the following lines: \n" "postinst_hook = update-grub\n" "postrm_hook = update-grub\n" " For the lilo bootloader, the value of do_bootloader needs to be yes." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:679 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Then install the kernel package of your choice using its package name. \n" "# aptitude install linux-image-&kernelversion;-arch-etc\n" " If you did not create a /etc/kernel-img.conf before installing a pre-packaged kernel, you may be asked some questions during its installation that refer to it." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:693 #, no-c-format msgid "Set up the Boot Loader" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:694 #, no-c-format msgid "To make your &debian; system bootable, set up your boot loader to load the installed kernel with your new root partition. Note that debootstrap does not install a boot loader, though you can use aptitude inside your Debian chroot to do so." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:701 #, no-c-format msgid "Check info grub or man lilo.conf for instructions on setting up the bootloader. If you are keeping the system you used to install Debian, just add an entry for the Debian install to your existing grub menu.lst or lilo.conf. For lilo.conf, you could also copy it to the new system and edit it there. After you are done editing, call lilo (remember it will use lilo.conf relative to the system you call it from)." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:713 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Installing and setting up grub is as easy as: \n" "# aptitude install grub\n" "# grub-install /dev/hda\n" "# update-grub\n" " The second command will install grub (in this case in the MBR of hda). The last command will create a sane and working /boot/grub/menu.lst." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:723 #, no-c-format msgid "Here is a basic /etc/lilo.conf as an example:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:727 #, no-c-format msgid "" "boot=/dev/hda6\n" "root=/dev/hda6\n" "install=menu\n" "delay=20\n" "lba32\n" "image=/vmlinuz\n" "label=Debian" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:729 #, no-c-format msgid "Check man yaboot.conf for instructions on setting up the bootloader. If you are keeping the system you used to install Debian, just add an entry for the Debian install to your existing yaboot.conf. You could also copy it to the new system and edit it there. After you are done editing, call ybin (remember it will use yaboot.conf relative to the system you call it from)." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:739 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Here is a basic /etc/yaboot.conf as an example: \n" "boot=/dev/hda2\n" "device=hd:\n" "partition=6\n" "root=/dev/hda6\n" "magicboot=/usr/lib/yaboot/ofboot\n" "timeout=50\n" "image=/vmlinux\n" "label=Debian\n" " On some machines, you may need to use ide0: instead of hd:." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:752 #, no-c-format msgid "Finishing touches" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:753 #, no-c-format msgid "" "As mentioned earlier, the installed system will be very basic. If you would like to make the system a bit more mature, there is an easy method to install all packages with standard priority: \n" "# tasksel install standard\n" " Of course, you can also just use aptitude to install packages individually." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:764 #, no-c-format msgid "After the installation there will be a lot of downloaded packages in /var/cache/apt/archives/. You can free up some diskspace by running:" msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:770 #, no-c-format msgid "# aptitude clean" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:781 #, no-c-format msgid "Installing &debian; over Parallel Line IP (PLIP)" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:783 #, no-c-format msgid "This section explains how to install &debian; on a computer without an Ethernet card, but with just a remote gateway computer attached via a Null-Modem cable (also called Null-Printer cable). The gateway computer should be connected to a network that has a Debian mirror on it (e.g. to the Internet)." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:791 #, no-c-format msgid "In the example in this appendix we will set up a PLIP connection using a gateway connected to the Internet over a dial-up connection (ppp0). We will use IP addresses 192.168.0.1 and 192.168.0.2 for the PLIP interfaces on the target system and the source system respectively (these addresses should be unused within your network address space)." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:799 #, no-c-format msgid "The PLIP connection set up during the installation will also be available after the reboot into the installed system (see )." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:804 #, no-c-format msgid "Before you start, you will need to check the BIOS configuration (IO base address and IRQ) for the parallel ports of both the source and target systems. The most common values are io=0x378, irq=7." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:814 #, no-c-format msgid "Requirements" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:817 #, no-c-format msgid "A target computer, called target, where Debian will be installed." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:823 #, no-c-format msgid "System installation media; see ." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:828 #, no-c-format msgid "Another computer connected to the Internet, called source, that will function as the gateway." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:834 #, no-c-format msgid "A DB-25 Null-Modem cable. See the PLIP-Install-HOWTO for more information on this cable and instructions how to make your own." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:846 #, no-c-format msgid "Setting up source" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:847 #, no-c-format msgid "The following shell script is a simple example of how to configure the source computer as a gateway to the Internet using ppp0." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: random-bits.xml:852 #, no-c-format msgid "" "#!/bin/sh\n" "\n" "# We remove running modules from kernel to avoid conflicts and to\n" "# reconfigure them manually.\n" "modprobe -r lp parport_pc\n" "modprobe parport_pc io=0x378 irq=7\n" "modprobe plip\n" "\n" "# Configure the plip interface (plip0 for me, see dmesg | grep plip)\n" "ifconfig plip0 192.168.0.2 pointopoint 192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.255 up\n" "\n" "# Configure gateway\n" "modprobe iptable_nat\n" "iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE\n" "echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:858 #, no-c-format msgid "Installing target" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:859 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Boot the installation media. The installation needs to be run in expert mode; enter expert at the boot prompt. If you need to set parameters for kernel modules, you also need to do this at the boot prompt. For example, to boot the installer and set values for the io and irq options for the parport_pc module, enter the following at the boot prompt: \n" "expert parport_pc.io=0x378 parport_pc.irq=7\n" " Below are the answers that should be given during various stages of the installation." msgstr "" #. Tag: guimenuitem #: random-bits.xml:878 #, no-c-format msgid "Load installer components from CD" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:880 #, no-c-format msgid "Select the plip-modules option from the list; this will make the PLIP drivers available to the installation system." msgstr "" #. Tag: guimenuitem #: random-bits.xml:888 #, no-c-format msgid "Detect network hardware" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:893 #, no-c-format msgid "If target does have a network card, a list of driver modules for detected cards will be shown. If you want to force &d-i; to use plip instead, you have to deselect all listed driver modules. Obviously, if target doesn't have a network card, the installer will not show this list." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:902 #, no-c-format msgid "Because no network card was detected/selected earlier, the installer will ask you to select a network driver module from a list. Select the plip module." msgstr "" #. Tag: guimenuitem #: random-bits.xml:914 #, no-c-format msgid "Configure the network" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:917 #, no-c-format msgid "Auto-configure network with DHCP: No" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:922 #, no-c-format msgid "IP address: 192.168.0.1" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:927 #, no-c-format msgid "Point-to-point address: 192.168.0.2" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:933 #, no-c-format msgid "Name server addresses: you can enter the same addresses used on source (see /etc/resolv.conf)" msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:952 #, no-c-format msgid "The Graphical Installer" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:953 #, no-c-format msgid "The graphical version of the installer is only available for a limited number of architectures, including &arch-title;. The functionality of the graphical installer is essentially the same as that of the regular installer as it basically uses the same programs, but with a different frontend." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:961 #, no-c-format msgid "Although the functionality is identical, the graphical installer still has a few significant advantages. The main advantage is that it supports more languages, namely those that use a character set that cannot be displayed with the regular newt frontend. It also has a few usability advantages such as the option to use a mouse, and in some cases several questions can be displayed on a single screen." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:970 #, no-c-format msgid "The graphical installer is available with all CD images and with the hd-media installation method. As the graphical installer uses a separate (much larger) initrd than the regular installer, it has to be booted using installgui instead of install. Analogous, the expert and rescue modes are booted using expertgui and rescuegui respectively." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:980 #, no-c-format msgid "It is also available as a special mini ISO image The mini ISO image can be downloaded from a Debian mirror as described in . Look for gtk-miniiso. , which is mainly useful for testing; in this case the image is booted just using install. There is no graphical installer image that can be netbooted." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:994 #, no-c-format msgid "For &arch-title;, currently only an experimental mini ISO image is available The mini ISO image can be downloaded from a Debian mirror as described in . Look for gtk-miniiso. . It should work on almost all PowerPC systems that have an ATI graphical card, but is unlikely to work on other systems." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:1007 #, no-c-format msgid "The graphical installer requires significantly more memory to run than the regular installer: &minimum-memory-gtk;. If insufficient memory is available, it will automatically fall back to the regular newt frontend." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:1014 #, no-c-format msgid "You can add boot parameters when starting the graphical installer, just as with the regular installer. One of those parameters allows you to configure the mouse for left-handed use. See for valid parameters." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:1024 #, no-c-format msgid "Using the graphical installer" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:1025 #, no-c-format msgid "As already mentioned, the graphical installer basically works the same as the regular installer and thus the rest of this manual can be used to guide you through the installation process." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:1031 #, no-c-format msgid "If you prefer using the keyboard over the mouse, there are two things you need to know. To expand a collapsed list (used for example for the selection of countries within continents), you can use the + and - keys. For questions where more than one item can be selected (e.g. task selection), you first need to tab to the Continue button after making your selections; hitting enter will toggle a selection, not activate Continue." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:1041 #, no-c-format msgid "To switch to another console, you will also need to use the Ctrl key, just as with the X Window System. For example, to switch to VT1 you would use: Ctrl Left Alt F1 ." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: random-bits.xml:1052 #, no-c-format msgid "Known issues" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:1053 #, no-c-format msgid "Etch is the first release that includes the graphical installer and uses some relatively new technology. There are a few known issues that you may run into during the installation. We expect to be able to fix these issues for the next release of &debian;." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:1063 #, no-c-format msgid "Information on some screens is not nicely formatted into columns as it should be. The most obvious example is the first screen where you select your language. Another example is the main screen of partman." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:1070 #, no-c-format msgid "Typing some characters may not work and in some cases the wrong character may be printed. For example, \"composing\" a character by typing an accent and then the letter over/under which the accent should appear does not work." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:1077 #, no-c-format msgid "Support for touchpads is not yet optimal." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:1082 #, no-c-format msgid "You should not switch to a different console while the installer is busy; this may cause the frontend to crash. The frontend will be restarted automatically, but this may still cause problems with the installation. Switching to another console while the installer is waiting for input should work without causing any problems." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: random-bits.xml:1091 #, no-c-format msgid "Support for creating encrypted partitions is limited as it is not possible to generate a random encryption key. It is possible to set up an encrypted partition using a passphrase as encryption key." msgstr ""