# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: debian-boot@lists.debian.org\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-12-29 10:09+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: application/x-xml2pot; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:5
#, no-c-format
msgid "Obtaining System Installation Media"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:12
#, no-c-format
msgid "Official &debian-gnu; CD/DVD-ROM Sets"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:13
#, no-c-format
msgid "By far the easiest way to install &debian-gnu; is from an Official &debian; CD/DVD-ROM Set. You can buy a set from a vendor (see the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-cd-vendors;\">CD vendors page</ulink>). You may also download the CD/DVD-ROM images from a &debian; mirror and make your own set, if you have a fast network connection and a CD/DVD burner (see the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-cd;\">Debian CD page</ulink> and <ulink url=\"&url-debian-cd-faq;\">Debian CD FAQ</ulink> for detailed instructions). If you have a &debian; CD/DVD set and CDs/DVDs are bootable on your machine<phrase arch=\"x86\">, which is the case on all modern PCs</phrase>, you can skip right to <xref linkend=\"boot-installer\"/>. Much effort has been expended to ensure the most-used files are on the first CDs and DVDs, so that a basic desktop installation can be done with only the first DVD or - to a limited extent - even with only the first CD."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:30
#, no-c-format
msgid "As CDs have a rather limited capacity by today's standards, not all graphical desktop environments are installable with only the first CD; for some desktop environments a CD installation requires either network connectivity during the installation to download the remaining files or additional CDs."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:38
#, no-c-format
msgid "If your machine doesn't support CD booting<phrase arch=\"x86\"> (only relevant on very old PC systems)</phrase>, but you do have a CD set, you can use an alternative strategy such as <phrase condition=\"supports-floppy-boot\">floppy disk,</phrase> <phrase arch=\"s390\">tape, emulated tape,</phrase> <phrase condition=\"bootable-disk\">hard disk,</phrase> <phrase condition=\"bootable-usb\">usb stick,</phrase> <phrase condition=\"supports-tftp\">net boot,</phrase> or manually loading the kernel from the CD to initially boot the system installer. The files you need for booting by another means are also on the CD; the &debian; network archive and CD folder organization are identical. So when archive file paths are given below for particular files you need for booting, look for those files in the same directories and subdirectories on your CD."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:61
#, no-c-format
msgid "Once the installer is booted, it will be able to obtain all the other files it needs from the CD."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:66
#, no-c-format
msgid "If you don't have a CD set, then you will need to download the installer system files and place them on the <phrase arch=\"s390\">installation tape</phrase> <phrase condition=\"supports-floppy-boot\">floppy disk or</phrase> <phrase condition=\"bootable-disk\">hard disk or</phrase> <phrase condition=\"bootable-usb\">usb stick or</phrase> <phrase condition=\"supports-tftp\">a connected computer</phrase> so they can be used to boot the installer."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:92
#, no-c-format
msgid "Downloading Files from &debian; Mirrors"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:94
#, no-c-format
msgid "To find the nearest (and thus probably the fastest) mirror, see the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-mirrors;\">list of &debian; mirrors</ulink>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:99
#, no-c-format
msgid "When downloading files from a &debian; mirror using FTP, be sure to download the files in <emphasis>binary</emphasis> mode, not text or automatic mode."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:107
#, no-c-format
msgid "Where to Find Installation Images"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:109
#, no-c-format
msgid "The installation images are located on each &debian; mirror in the directory <ulink url=\"&url-debian-installer;images\">debian/dists/&releasename;/main/installer-&architecture;/current/images/</ulink> &mdash; the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-installer;images/MANIFEST\">MANIFEST</ulink> lists each image and its purpose."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:122
#, no-c-format
msgid "Thecus N2100 Installation Files"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:123
#, no-c-format
msgid "A firmware image is provided for the Thecus N2100 which will automatically boot <classname>debian-installer</classname>. This image can be installed using the Thecus firmware upgrade process. This firmware image can be obtained from &n2100-firmware-img;."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:134
#, no-c-format
msgid "GLAN Tank Installation Files"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:135
#, no-c-format
msgid "The GLAN Tank requires a kernel and ramdisk on an ext2 partition on the disk on which you intend to install &debian;. These images can be obtained from &glantank-firmware-img;."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:145
#, no-c-format
msgid "Kurobox Pro Installation Files"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:146
#, no-c-format
msgid "The Kurobox Pro requires a kernel and ramdisk on an ext2 partition on the disk on which you intend to install &debian;. These images can be obtained from &kuroboxpro-firmware-img;."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:156
#, no-c-format
msgid "HP mv2120 Installation Files"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:157
#, no-c-format
msgid "A firmware image is provided for the HP mv2120 which will automatically boot <classname>debian-installer</classname>. This image can be installed with uphpmvault on Linux and other systems and with the HP Media Vault Firmware Recovery Utility on Windows. The firmware image can be obtained from &mv2120-firmware-img;."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:169
#, no-c-format
msgid "QNAP Turbo Station Installation Files"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:170
#, no-c-format
msgid "The installation files for the QNAP Turbo Station consist of a kernel and ramdisk as well as a script to write these images to flash. You can obtain the installation files for QNAP TS-11x, TS-21x and TS-41x models from &qnap-kirkwood-firmware-img;."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:181
#, no-c-format
msgid "Plug Computer and OpenRD Installation Files"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:182
#, no-c-format
msgid "The installation files for plug computers (SheevaPlug, GuruPlug, DreamPlug etc) and OpenRD devices consist of a kernel and initrd for U-Boot. You can obtain these files from &kirkwood-marvell-firmware-img;."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:192
#, no-c-format
msgid "LaCie NASes Installation Files"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:193
#, no-c-format
msgid "The installation files for LaCie NASes (Network Space v2, Network Space Max v2, Internet Space v2, d2 Network v2, 2Big Network v2 and 5Big Network v2) consist of a kernel and initrd for U-Boot. You can obtain these files from &lacie-kirkwood-firmware-img;."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:244
#, no-c-format
msgid "Creating an IPL tape"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:246
#, no-c-format
msgid "If you can't boot (IPL) from the CD-ROM and you are not using VM you need to create an IPL tape first. This is described in section 3.4.3 in the <ulink url=\"http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/pubs/pdfs/redbooks/sg246264.pdf\"> Linux for IBM eServer zSeries and S/390: Distributions</ulink> Redbook. The files you need to write to the tape are (in this order): <filename>kernel.debian</filename>, <filename>parmfile.debian</filename> and <filename>initrd.debian</filename>. The files can be downloaded from the <filename>tape</filename> sub-directory, see <xref linkend=\"where-files\"/>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:270
#, no-c-format
msgid "Creating Floppies from Disk Images"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:271
#, no-c-format
msgid "Bootable floppy disks are generally used as a last resort to boot the installer on hardware that cannot boot from CD or by other means."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:276
#, no-c-format
msgid "Booting the installer from floppy disk reportedly fails on Mac USB floppy drives."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:281
#, no-c-format
msgid "Disk images are files containing the complete contents of a floppy disk in <emphasis>raw</emphasis> form. Disk images, such as <filename>boot.img</filename>, cannot simply be copied to floppy drives. A special program is used to write the image files to floppy disk in <emphasis>raw</emphasis> mode. This is required because these images are raw representations of the disk; it is required to do a <emphasis>sector copy</emphasis> of the data from the file onto the floppy."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:292
#, no-c-format
msgid "There are different techniques for creating floppies from disk images. This section describes how to create floppies from disk images on different platforms."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:298
#, no-c-format
msgid "Before you can create the floppies, you will first need to download them from one of the &debian; mirrors, as explained in <xref linkend=\"downloading-files\"/>. <phrase arch=\"i386\">If you already have an installation CD-ROM or DVD, the floppy images may also be included on the CD/DVD.</phrase>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:306
#, no-c-format
msgid "No matter which method you use to create your floppies, you should remember to flip the write-protect tab on the floppies once you have written them, to ensure they are not damaged unintentionally."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:314
#, no-c-format
msgid "Writing Disk Images From a Linux or Unix System"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:315
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
      "To write the floppy disk image files to the floppy disks, you will probably need root access to the system. Place a good, blank floppy in the floppy drive. Next, use the command <informalexample><screen>\n"
      "$ dd if=<replaceable>filename</replaceable> of=/dev/fd0 bs=1024 conv=sync ; sync\n"
      "</screen></informalexample> where <replaceable>filename</replaceable> is one of the floppy disk image files. <filename>/dev/fd0</filename> is a commonly used name of the floppy disk device, it may be different on your workstation<phrase arch=\"sparc\"> (on Solaris, it is <filename>/dev/fd/0</filename>)</phrase>. The command may return to the prompt before Unix has finished writing the floppy disk, so look for the disk-in-use light on the floppy drive and be sure that the light is out and the disk has stopped revolving before you remove it from the drive. On some systems, you'll have to run a command to eject the floppy from the drive <phrase arch=\"sparc\"> (on Solaris, use <command>eject</command>, see the manual page)</phrase>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:336
#, no-c-format
msgid "Some systems attempt to automatically mount a floppy disk when you place it in the drive. You might have to disable this feature before the workstation will allow you to write a floppy in <emphasis>raw mode</emphasis>. Unfortunately, how to accomplish this will vary based on your operating system. <phrase arch=\"sparc\"> On Solaris, you can work around volume management to get raw access to the floppy. First, make sure that the floppy is auto-mounted (using <command>volcheck</command> or the equivalent command in the file manager). Then use a <command>dd</command> command of the form given above, just replace <filename>/dev/fd0</filename> with <filename>/vol/rdsk/<replaceable>floppy_name</replaceable></filename>, where <replaceable>floppy_name</replaceable> is the name the floppy disk was given when it was formatted (unnamed floppies default to the name <filename>unnamed_floppy</filename>). On other systems, ask your system administrator. </phrase>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:357
#, no-c-format
msgid "If writing a floppy on powerpc Linux, you will need to eject it. The <command>eject</command> program handles this nicely; you might need to install it."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:375
#, no-c-format
msgid "Writing Disk Images From DOS, Windows, or OS/2"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:377
#, no-c-format
msgid "If you have access to an i386 or amd64 machine, you can use one of the following programs to copy images to floppies."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:382
#, no-c-format
msgid "The <command>rawrite1</command> and <command>rawrite2</command> programs can be used under MS-DOS. To use these programs, first make sure that you are booted into DOS. Trying to use these programs from within a DOS box in Windows, or double-clicking on these programs from the Windows Explorer is <emphasis>not</emphasis> expected to work."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:390
#, no-c-format
msgid "The <command>rwwrtwin</command> program runs on Windows 95, NT, 98, 2000, ME, XP and probably later versions. To use it you will need to unpack diskio.dll in the same directory."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:396
#, no-c-format
msgid "These tools can be found on the Official &debian; CD-ROMs under the <filename>/tools</filename> directory."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:409
#, no-c-format
msgid "Writing Disk Images From MacOS"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:410
#, no-c-format
msgid "An AppleScript, <application>Make &debian; Floppy</application>, is available for burning floppies from the provided disk image files. It can be downloaded from <ulink url=\"ftp://ftp2.sourceforge.net/pub/sourceforge/d/de/debian-imac/MakeDebianFloppy.sit\"></ulink>. To use it, just unstuff it on your desktop, and then drag any floppy image file to it. You must have Applescript installed and enabled in your extensions manager. Disk Copy will ask you to confirm that you wish to erase the floppy and proceed to write the file image to it."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:421
#, no-c-format
msgid "You can also use the MacOS utility <command>Disk Copy</command> directly, or the freeware utility <command>suntar</command>. The <filename>root.bin</filename> file is an example of a floppy image. Use one of the following methods to create a floppy from the floppy image with these utilities."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:432
#, no-c-format
msgid "Writing Disk Images with <command>Disk Copy</command>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:433
#, no-c-format
msgid "If you are creating the floppy image from files which were originally on the official &debian-gnu; CD, then the Type and Creator are already set correctly. The following <command>Creator-Changer</command> steps are only necessary if you downloaded the image files from a &debian; mirror."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:442
#, no-c-format
msgid "Obtain <ulink url=\"&url-powerpc-creator-changer;\">Creator-Changer</ulink> and use it to open the <filename>root.bin</filename> file."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:449
#, no-c-format
msgid "Change the Creator to <userinput>ddsk</userinput> (Disk Copy), and the Type to <userinput>DDim</userinput> (binary floppy image). The case is sensitive for these fields."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:456
#, no-c-format
msgid "<emphasis>Important:</emphasis> In the Finder, use <userinput>Get Info</userinput> to display the Finder information about the floppy image, and <quote>X</quote> the <userinput>File Locked</userinput> check box so that MacOS will be unable to remove the boot blocks if the image is accidentally mounted."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:465
#, no-c-format
msgid "Obtain <command>Disk Copy</command>; if you have a MacOS system or CD it will very likely be there already, otherwise try <ulink url=\"&url-powerpc-diskcopy;\"></ulink>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:472
#, no-c-format
msgid "Run <command>Disk Copy</command>, and select <menuchoice> <guimenu>Utilities</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Make a Floppy</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>, then select the <emphasis>locked</emphasis> image file from the resulting dialog. It will ask you to insert a floppy, then ask if you really want to erase it. When done it should eject the floppy."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:487
#, no-c-format
msgid "Writing Disk Images with <command>suntar</command>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:491
#, no-c-format
msgid "Obtain <command>suntar</command> from <ulink url=\"&url-powerpc-suntar;\"> </ulink>. Start the <command>suntar</command> program and select <quote>Overwrite Sectors...</quote> from the <userinput>Special</userinput> menu."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:499
#, no-c-format
msgid "Insert the floppy disk as requested, then hit &enterkey; (start at sector 0)."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:505
#, no-c-format
msgid "Select the <filename>root.bin</filename> file in the file-opening dialog."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:510
#, no-c-format
msgid "After the floppy has been created successfully, select <menuchoice> <guimenu>File</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Eject</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>. If there are any errors writing the floppy, simply toss that floppy and try another."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:518
#, no-c-format
msgid "Before using the floppy you created, <emphasis>set the write protect tab</emphasis>! Otherwise if you accidentally mount it in MacOS, MacOS will helpfully ruin it."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:537
#, no-c-format
msgid "Preparing Files for USB Memory Stick Booting"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:539
#, no-c-format
msgid "To prepare the USB stick, you will need a system where GNU/Linux is already running and where USB is supported. With current GNU/Linux systems the USB stick should be automatically recognized when you insert it. If it is not you should check that the usb-storage kernel module is loaded. When the USB stick is inserted, it will be mapped to a device named <filename>/dev/sdX</filename>, where the <quote>X</quote> is a letter in the range a-z. You should be able to see to which device the USB stick was mapped by running the command <command>dmesg</command> after inserting it. To write to your stick, you may have to turn off its write protection switch."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:552
#, no-c-format
msgid "The procedures described in this section will destroy anything already on the device! Make very sure that you use the correct device name for your USB stick. If you use the wrong device the result could be that all information on for example a hard disk could be lost."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:562
#, no-c-format
msgid "Preparing a USB stick using a hybrid CD or DVD image"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:563
#, no-c-format
msgid "Debian CD and DVD images can now be written directly a USB stick, which is a very easy way to make a bootable USB stick. Simply choose a CD or DVD image that will fit on your USB stick. See <xref linkend=\"official-cdrom\"/> to get a CD or DVD image."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:570
#, no-c-format
msgid "Alternatively, for very small USB sticks, only a few megabytes in size, you can download the <filename>mini.iso</filename> image from the <filename>netboot</filename> directory (at the location mentioned in <xref linkend=\"where-files\"/>)."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:577
#, no-c-format
msgid "The CD or DVD image you choose should be written directly to the USB stick, overwriting its current contents. For example, when using an existing GNU/Linux system, the CD or DVD image file can be written to a USB stick as follows, after having made sure that the stick is unmounted:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: screen
#: install-methods.xml:584
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
      "<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>cp <replaceable>debian.iso</replaceable> /dev/<replaceable>sdX</replaceable></userinput>\n"
      "<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>sync</userinput>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:586
#, no-c-format
msgid "Simply writing the CD or DVD image to USB like this should work fine for most users. The other options below are more complex, mainly for people with specialised needs."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:594
#, no-c-format
msgid "The hybrid image on the stick does not occupy all the storage space, so it may be worth considering using the free space to hold firmware files or packages or any other files of your choice. This could be useful if you have only one stick or just want to keep everything you need on one device."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:602
#, no-c-format
msgid "Create a second, FAT partition on the stick, mount the partition and copy or unpack the firmware onto it. For example:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: screen
#: install-methods.xml:607
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
      "# mount /dev/<replaceable>sdX2</replaceable> /mnt\n"
      "# cd /mnt\n"
      "# tar zxvf <replaceable>/path/to/</replaceable>firmware.tar.gz\n"
      "# cd /\n"
      "# umount"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:609
#, no-c-format
msgid "You might have written the <filename>mini.iso</filename> to the USB stick. In this case the second partition doesn't have to be created as, very nicely, it will already be present. Unplugging and replugging the USB stick should make the two partitions visible."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:623
#, no-c-format
msgid "Manually copying files to the USB stick"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:624
#, no-c-format
msgid "An alternative way to set up your USB stick is to manually copy the installer files, and also a CD image to it. Note that the USB stick should be at least 1 GB in size (smaller setups are possible if you follow <xref linkend=\"usb-copy-flexible\"/>)."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:631
#, no-c-format
msgid "There is an all-in-one file <filename>hd-media/boot.img.gz</filename> which contains all the installer files (including the kernel) <phrase arch=\"x86\">as well as <classname>syslinux</classname> and its configuration file</phrase> <phrase arch=\"powerpc\">as well as <classname>yaboot</classname> and its configuration file</phrase>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:640
#, no-c-format
msgid "Note that, although convenient, this method does have one major disadvantage: the logical size of the device will be limited to 1 GB, even if the capacity of the USB stick is larger. You will need to repartition the USB stick and create new file systems to get its full capacity back if you ever want to use it for some different purpose."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:648
#, no-c-format
msgid "To use this image simply extract it directly to your USB stick:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: screen
#: install-methods.xml:652
#, no-c-format
msgid "# zcat boot.img.gz &gt; /dev/<replaceable>sdX</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:654
#, no-c-format
msgid "Create a partition of type \"Apple_Bootstrap\" on your USB stick using <command>mac-fdisk</command>'s <userinput>C</userinput> command and extract the image directly to that:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: screen
#: install-methods.xml:660
#, no-c-format
msgid "# zcat boot.img.gz &gt; /dev/<replaceable>sdX2</replaceable>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:662
#, no-c-format
msgid "After that, mount the USB memory stick <phrase arch=\"x86\">(<userinput>mount /dev/<replaceable>sdX</replaceable> /mnt</userinput>),</phrase> <phrase arch=\"powerpc\">(<userinput>mount /dev/<replaceable>sdX2</replaceable> /mnt</userinput>),</phrase> which will now have <phrase arch=\"x86\">a FAT filesystem</phrase> <phrase arch=\"powerpc\">an HFS filesystem</phrase> on it, and copy a &debian; ISO image (netinst or full CD) to it. Unmount the stick (<userinput>umount /mnt</userinput>) and you are done."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:679
#, no-c-format
msgid "Manually copying files to the USB stick &mdash; the flexible way"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:680
#, no-c-format
msgid "If you like more flexibility or just want to know what's going on, you should use the following method to put the files on your stick. One advantage of using this method is that &mdash; if the capacity of your USB stick is large enough &mdash; you have the option of copying a full CD ISO image to it."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:695 install-methods.xml:817
#, no-c-format
msgid "Partitioning the USB stick"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:696
#, no-c-format
msgid "We will show how to set up the memory stick to use the first partition, instead of the entire device."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:701
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
      "Since most USB sticks come pre-configured with a single FAT16 partition, you probably won't have to repartition or reformat the stick. If you have to do that anyway, use <command>cfdisk</command> or any other partitioning tool to create a FAT16 partition<footnote> <para> Don't forget to set the <quote>bootable</quote> bootable flag. </para> </footnote>, install an MBR using: <informalexample><screen>\n"
      "# install-mbr /dev/<replaceable>sdX</replaceable>\n"
      "</screen></informalexample> The <command>install-mbr</command> command is contained in the <classname>mbr</classname> &debian; package. Then create the filesystem using: <informalexample><screen>\n"
      "# mkdosfs /dev/<replaceable>sdX1</replaceable>\n"
      "</screen></informalexample> Take care that you use the correct device name for your USB stick. The <command>mkdosfs</command> command is contained in the <classname>dosfstools</classname> &debian; package."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:725
#, no-c-format
msgid "In order to start the kernel after booting from the USB stick, we will put a boot loader on the stick. Although any boot loader (e.g. <classname>lilo</classname>) should work, it's convenient to use <classname>syslinux</classname>, since it uses a FAT16 partition and can be reconfigured by just editing a text file. Any operating system which supports the FAT file system can be used to make changes to the configuration of the boot loader."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:735
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
      "To put <classname>syslinux</classname> on the FAT16 partition on your USB stick, install the <classname>syslinux</classname> and <classname>mtools</classname> packages on your system, and do: <informalexample><screen>\n"
      "# syslinux /dev/<replaceable>sdX1</replaceable>\n"
      "</screen></informalexample> Again, take care that you use the correct device name. The partition must not be mounted when starting <command>syslinux</command>. This procedure writes a boot sector to the partition and creates the file <filename>ldlinux.sys</filename> which contains the boot loader code."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:752 install-methods.xml:864
#, no-c-format
msgid "Adding the installer image"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:753
#, no-c-format
msgid "Mount the partition (<userinput>mount /dev/<replaceable>sdX1</replaceable> /mnt</userinput>) and copy the following installer image files to the stick: <itemizedlist> <listitem><para> <filename>vmlinuz</filename> or <filename>linux</filename> (kernel binary) </para></listitem> <listitem><para> <filename>initrd.gz</filename> (initial ramdisk image) </para></listitem> </itemizedlist> You can choose between either the regular version or the graphical version of the installer. The latter can be found in the <filename>gtk</filename> subdirectory. If you want to rename the files, please note that <classname>syslinux</classname> can only process DOS (8.3) file names."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:777
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
      "Next you should create a <filename>syslinux.cfg</filename> configuration file, which at a bare minimum should contain the following two lines (change the name of the kernel binary to <quote><filename>linux</filename></quote> if you used a <filename>netboot</filename> image): <informalexample><screen>\n"
      "default vmlinuz\n"
      "append initrd=initrd.gz\n"
      "</screen></informalexample> For the graphical installer you should add <userinput>vga=788</userinput> to the second line. Other parameters can be appended as desired."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:789
#, no-c-format
msgid "To enable the boot prompt to permit further parameter appending, add a <userinput>prompt 1</userinput> line."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:794 install-methods.xml:904
#, no-c-format
msgid "If you used an <filename>hd-media</filename> image, you should now copy the ISO file of a &debian; ISO image<footnote> <para> You can use either a netinst or a full CD image (see <xref linkend=\"official-cdrom\"/>). Be sure to select one that fits. Note that the <quote>netboot <filename>mini.iso</filename></quote> image is not usable for this purpose. </para> </footnote> onto the stick. When you are done, unmount the USB memory stick (<userinput>umount /mnt</userinput>)."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:818
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
      "Most USB sticks do not come pre-configured in such a way that Open Firmware can boot from them, so you will need to repartition the stick. On Mac systems, run <userinput>mac-fdisk /dev/<replaceable>sdX</replaceable></userinput>, initialise a new partition map using the <userinput>i</userinput> command, and create a new partition of type Apple_Bootstrap using the <userinput>C</userinput> command. (Note that the first \"partition\" will always be the partition map itself.) Then type <informalexample><screen>\n"
      "$ hformat /dev/<replaceable>sdX2</replaceable>\n"
      "</screen></informalexample> Take care that you use the correct device name for your USB stick. The <command>hformat</command> command is contained in the <classname>hfsutils</classname> &debian; package."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:835
#, no-c-format
msgid "In order to start the kernel after booting from the USB stick, we will put a boot loader on the stick. The <command>yaboot</command> boot loader can be installed on an HFS filesystem and can be reconfigured by just editing a text file. Any operating system which supports the HFS file system can be used to make changes to the configuration of the boot loader."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:844
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
      "The normal <command>ybin</command> tool that comes with <command>yaboot</command> does not yet understand USB storage devices, so you will have to install <command>yaboot</command> by hand using the <classname>hfsutils</classname> tools. Type <informalexample><screen>\n"
      "$ hmount /dev/<replaceable>sdX2</replaceable>\n"
      "$ hcopy -r /usr/lib/yaboot/yaboot :\n"
      "$ hattrib -c UNIX -t tbxi :yaboot\n"
      "$ hattrib -b :\n"
      "$ humount\n"
      "</screen></informalexample> Again, take care that you use the correct device name. The partition must not be otherwise mounted during this procedure. This procedure writes the boot loader to the partition, and uses the HFS utilities to mark it in such a way that Open Firmware will boot it. Having done this, the rest of the USB stick may be prepared using the normal Unix utilities."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:865
#, no-c-format
msgid "Mount the partition (<userinput>mount /dev/<replaceable>sdX2</replaceable> /mnt</userinput>) and copy the following installer image files to the stick:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:872
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>vmlinux</filename> (kernel binary)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:877
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>initrd.gz</filename> (initial ramdisk image)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:882
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>yaboot.conf</filename> (yaboot configuration file)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:887
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>boot.msg</filename> (optional boot message)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:894
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
      "The <filename>yaboot.conf</filename> configuration file should contain the following lines: <informalexample><screen>\n"
      "default=install\n"
      "root=/dev/ram\n"
      "\n"
      "message=/boot.msg\n"
      "\n"
      "image=/vmlinux\n"
      "        label=install\n"
      "        initrd=/initrd.gz\n"
      "        initrd-size=10000\n"
      "        read-only\n"
      "</screen></informalexample> Please note that the <userinput>initrd-size</userinput> parameter may need to be increased, depending on the image you are booting."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:932
#, no-c-format
msgid "Preparing Files for Hard Disk Booting"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:933
#, no-c-format
msgid "The installer may be booted using boot files placed on an existing hard drive partition, either launched from another operating system or by invoking a boot loader directly from the BIOS."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:939
#, no-c-format
msgid "A full, <quote>pure network</quote> installation can be achieved using this technique. This avoids all hassles of removable media, like finding and burning CD images or struggling with too numerous and unreliable floppy disks."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:946
#, no-c-format
msgid "The installer cannot boot from files on an HFS+ file system. MacOS System 8.1 and above may use HFS+ file systems; NewWorld PowerMacs all use HFS+. To determine whether your existing file system is HFS+, select <userinput>Get Info</userinput> for the volume in question. HFS file systems appear as <userinput>Mac OS Standard</userinput>, while HFS+ file systems say <userinput>Mac OS Extended</userinput>. You must have an HFS partition in order to exchange files between MacOS and Linux, in particular the installation files you download."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:957
#, no-c-format
msgid "Different programs are used for hard disk installation system booting, depending on whether the system is a <quote>NewWorld</quote> or an <quote>OldWorld</quote> model."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:966
#, no-c-format
msgid "Hard disk installer booting from Linux using <command>LILO</command> or <command>GRUB</command>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:968
#, no-c-format
msgid "This section explains how to add to or even replace an existing linux installation using either <command>LILO</command> or <command>GRUB</command>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:974
#, no-c-format
msgid "At boot time, both bootloaders support loading in memory not only the kernel, but also a disk image. This RAM disk can be used as the root file-system by the kernel."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:980
#, no-c-format
msgid "Copy the following files from the &debian; archives to a convenient location on your hard drive (note that LILO can not boot from files on an NTFS file system), for instance to <filename>/boot/newinstall/</filename>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:988
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>vmlinuz</filename> (kernel binary)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:993
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>initrd.gz</filename> (ramdisk image)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1000
#, no-c-format
msgid "Finally, to configure the bootloader proceed to <xref linkend=\"boot-initrd\"/>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:1010
#, no-c-format
msgid "Hard disk installer booting from DOS using <command>loadlin</command>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1011
#, no-c-format
msgid "This section explains how to prepare your hard drive for booting the installer from DOS using <command>loadlin</command>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1016
#, no-c-format
msgid "Copy the following directories from a &debian; CD image to <filename>c:\\</filename>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1021
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>/&x86-install-dir;</filename> (kernel binary and ramdisk image)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1026
#, no-c-format
msgid "<filename>/tools</filename> (loadlin tool)"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:1039
#, no-c-format
msgid "Hard Disk Installer Booting for OldWorld Macs"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1040
#, no-c-format
msgid "The <filename>boot-floppy-hfs</filename> floppy uses <application>miBoot</application> to launch Linux installation, but <application>miBoot</application> cannot easily be used for hard disk booting. <application>BootX</application>, launched from MacOS, supports booting from files placed on the hard disk. <application>BootX</application> can also be used to dual-boot MacOS and Linux after your &debian; installation is complete. For the Performa 6360, it appears that <command>quik</command> cannot make the hard disk bootable. So <application>BootX</application> is required on that model."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1053
#, no-c-format
msgid "Download and unstuff the <application>BootX</application> distribution, available from <ulink url=\"&url-powerpc-bootx;\"></ulink>, or in the <filename>dists/woody/main/disks-powerpc/current/powermac</filename> directory on &debian; http/ftp mirrors and official &debian; CDs. Use <application>Stuffit Expander</application> to extract it from its archive. Within the package, there is an empty folder called <filename>Linux Kernels</filename>. Download <filename>linux.bin</filename> and <filename>ramdisk.image.gz</filename> from the <filename>disks-powerpc/current/powermac</filename> folder, and place them in the <filename>Linux Kernels</filename> folder. Then place the <filename>Linux Kernels</filename> folder in the active System Folder."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:1073
#, no-c-format
msgid "Hard Disk Installer Booting for NewWorld Macs"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1074
#, no-c-format
msgid "NewWorld PowerMacs support booting from a network or an ISO9660 CD-ROM, as well as loading ELF binaries directly from the hard disk. These machines will boot Linux directly via <command>yaboot</command>, which supports loading a kernel and RAMdisk directly from an ext2 partition, as well as dual-booting with MacOS. Hard disk booting of the installer is particularly appropriate for newer machines without floppy drives. <command>BootX</command> is not supported and must not be used on NewWorld PowerMacs."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1085
#, no-c-format
msgid "<emphasis>Copy</emphasis> (not move) the following four files which you downloaded earlier from the &debian; archives, onto the root level of your hard drive (this can be accomplished by <keycap>option</keycap>-dragging each file to the hard drive icon)."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: filename
#: install-methods.xml:1095 install-methods.xml:1421
#, no-c-format
msgid "vmlinux"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: filename
#: install-methods.xml:1100 install-methods.xml:1426
#, no-c-format
msgid "initrd.gz"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: filename
#: install-methods.xml:1105 install-methods.xml:1431
#, no-c-format
msgid "yaboot"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: filename
#: install-methods.xml:1110 install-methods.xml:1436
#, no-c-format
msgid "yaboot.conf"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1115
#, no-c-format
msgid "Make a note of the partition number of the MacOS partition where you place these files. If you have the MacOS <command>pdisk</command> program, you can use the <command>L</command> command to check for the partition number. You will need this partition number for the command you type at the Open Firmware prompt when you boot the installer."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1123
#, no-c-format
msgid "To boot the installer, proceed to <xref linkend=\"boot-newworld\"/>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:1136
#, no-c-format
msgid "Preparing Files for TFTP Net Booting"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1137
#, no-c-format
msgid "If your machine is connected to a local area network, you may be able to boot it over the network from another machine, using TFTP. If you intend to boot the installation system from another machine, the boot files will need to be placed in specific locations on that machine, and the machine configured to support booting of your specific machine."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1145
#, no-c-format
msgid "You need to set up a TFTP server, and for many machines a DHCP server<phrase condition=\"supports-rarp\">, or RARP server</phrase><phrase condition=\"supports-bootp\">, or BOOTP server</phrase>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1152
#, no-c-format
msgid "<phrase condition=\"supports-rarp\">The Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) is one way to tell your client what IP address to use for itself. Another way is to use the BOOTP protocol.</phrase> <phrase condition=\"supports-bootp\">BOOTP is an IP protocol that informs a computer of its IP address and where on the network to obtain a boot image.</phrase> The DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a more flexible, backwards-compatible extension of BOOTP. Some systems can only be configured via DHCP."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1166
#, no-c-format
msgid "For PowerPC, if you have a NewWorld Power Macintosh machine, it is a good idea to use DHCP instead of BOOTP. Some of the latest machines are unable to boot using BOOTP."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1172
#, no-c-format
msgid "Some older HPPA machines (e.g. 715/75) use RBOOTD rather than BOOTP. There is an <classname>rbootd</classname> package available in &debian;."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1177
#, no-c-format
msgid "The Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) is used to serve the boot image to the client. Theoretically, any server, on any platform, which implements these protocols, may be used. In the examples in this section, we shall provide commands for SunOS 4.x, SunOS 5.x (a.k.a. Solaris), and GNU/Linux."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1185
#, no-c-format
msgid "For a &debian-gnu; server we recommend <classname>tftpd-hpa</classname>. It's written by the same author as the <classname>syslinux</classname> bootloader and is therefore least likely to cause issues. A good alternative is <classname>atftpd</classname>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:1201
#, no-c-format
msgid "Setting up RARP server"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1202
#, no-c-format
msgid "To set up RARP, you need to know the Ethernet address (a.k.a. the MAC address) of the client computers to be installed. If you don't know this information, you can <phrase arch=\"sparc\"> pick it off the initial OpenPROM boot messages, use the OpenBoot <userinput>.enet-addr</userinput> command, or </phrase> boot into <quote>Rescue</quote> mode (e.g., from the rescue floppy) and use the command <userinput>ip addr show dev eth0</userinput>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1214
#, no-c-format
msgid "On a RARP server system using a Linux 2.4 or 2.6 kernel, or Solaris/SunOS, you use the <command>rarpd</command> program. You need to ensure that the Ethernet hardware address for the client is listed in the <quote>ethers</quote> database (either in the <filename>/etc/ethers</filename> file, or via NIS/NIS+) and in the <quote>hosts</quote> database. Then you need to start the RARP daemon. Issue the command (as root): <userinput>/usr/sbin/rarpd -a</userinput> on most Linux systems and SunOS 5 (Solaris 2), <userinput>/usr/sbin/in.rarpd -a</userinput> on some other Linux systems, or <userinput>/usr/etc/rarpd -a</userinput> in SunOS 4 (Solaris 1)."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:1235
#, no-c-format
msgid "Setting up a DHCP server"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1236
#, no-c-format
msgid "One free software DHCP server is ISC <command>dhcpd</command>. For &debian-gnu;, the <classname>dhcp3-server</classname> package is recommended. Here is a sample configuration file for it (see <filename>/etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf</filename>):"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: screen
#: install-methods.xml:1243
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
      "option domain-name \"example.com\";\n"
      "option domain-name-servers ns1.example.com;\n"
      "option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;\n"
      "default-lease-time 600;\n"
      "max-lease-time 7200;\n"
      "server-name \"servername\";\n"
      "\n"
      "subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {\n"
      "  range 192.168.1.200 192.168.1.253;\n"
      "  option routers 192.168.1.1;\n"
      "}\n"
      "\n"
      "host clientname {\n"
      "  filename \"/tftpboot.img\";\n"
      "  server-name \"servername\";\n"
      "  next-server servername;\n"
      "  hardware ethernet 01:23:45:67:89:AB;\n"
      "  fixed-address 192.168.1.90;\n"
      "}"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1245
#, no-c-format
msgid "In this example, there is one server <replaceable>servername</replaceable> which performs all of the work of DHCP server, TFTP server, and network gateway. You will almost certainly need to change the domain-name options, as well as the server name and client hardware address. The <replaceable>filename</replaceable> option should be the name of the file which will be retrieved via TFTP."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1255
#, no-c-format
msgid "After you have edited the <command>dhcpd</command> configuration file, restart it with <userinput>/etc/init.d/dhcp3-server restart</userinput>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:1263
#, no-c-format
msgid "Enabling PXE Booting in the DHCP configuration"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1264
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
      "Here is another example for a <filename>dhcp.conf</filename> using the Pre-boot Execution Environment (PXE) method of TFTP. <informalexample><screen>\n"
      "option domain-name \"example.com\";\n"
      "\n"
      "default-lease-time 600;\n"
      "max-lease-time 7200;\n"
      "\n"
      "allow booting;\n"
      "allow bootp;\n"
      "\n"
      "# The next paragraph needs to be modified to fit your case\n"
      "subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {\n"
      "  range 192.168.1.200 192.168.1.253;\n"
      "  option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;\n"
      "# the gateway address which can be different\n"
      "# (access to the internet for instance)\n"
      "  option routers 192.168.1.1;\n"
      "# indicate the dns you want to use\n"
      "  option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.3;\n"
      "}\n"
      "\n"
      "group {\n"
      "  next-server 192.168.1.3;\n"
      "  host tftpclient {\n"
      "# tftp client hardware address\n"
      "  hardware ethernet  00:10:DC:27:6C:15;\n"
      "  filename \"pxelinux.0\";\n"
      " }\n"
      "}\n"
      "</screen></informalexample> Note that for PXE booting, the client filename <filename>pxelinux.0</filename> is a boot loader, not a kernel image (see <xref linkend=\"tftp-images\"/> below)."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:1284
#, no-c-format
msgid "Setting up a BOOTP server"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1285
#, no-c-format
msgid "There are two BOOTP servers available for GNU/Linux. The first is CMU <command>bootpd</command>. The other is actually a DHCP server: ISC <command>dhcpd</command>. In &debian-gnu; these are contained in the <classname>bootp</classname> and <classname>dhcp3-server</classname> packages respectively."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1293
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
      "To use CMU <command>bootpd</command>, you must first uncomment (or add) the relevant line in <filename>/etc/inetd.conf</filename>. On &debian-gnu;, you can run <userinput>update-inetd --enable bootps</userinput>, then <userinput>/etc/init.d/inetd reload</userinput> to do so. Just in case your BOOTP server does not run &debian;, the line in question should look like: <informalexample><screen>\n"
      "bootps  dgram  udp  wait  root  /usr/sbin/bootpd  bootpd -i -t 120\n"
      "</screen></informalexample> Now, you must create an <filename>/etc/bootptab</filename> file. This has the same sort of familiar and cryptic format as the good old BSD <filename>printcap</filename>, <filename>termcap</filename>, and <filename>disktab</filename> files. See the <filename>bootptab</filename> manual page for more information. For CMU <command>bootpd</command>, you will need to know the hardware (MAC) address of the client. Here is an example <filename>/etc/bootptab</filename>: <informalexample><screen>\n"
      "client:\\\n"
      "  hd=/tftpboot:\\\n"
      "  bf=tftpboot.img:\\\n"
      "  ip=192.168.1.90:\\\n"
      "  sm=255.255.255.0:\\\n"
      "  sa=192.168.1.1:\\\n"
      "  ha=0123456789AB:\n"
      "</screen></informalexample> You will need to change at least the <quote>ha</quote> option, which specifies the hardware address of the client. The <quote>bf</quote> option specifies the file a client should retrieve via TFTP; see <xref linkend=\"tftp-images\"/> for more details. <phrase arch=\"mips\"> On SGI machines you can just enter the command monitor and type <userinput>printenv</userinput>. The value of the <userinput>eaddr</userinput> variable is the machine's MAC address. </phrase>"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1326
#, no-c-format
msgid "By contrast, setting up BOOTP with ISC <command>dhcpd</command> is really easy, because it treats BOOTP clients as a moderately special case of DHCP clients. Some architectures require a complex configuration for booting clients via BOOTP. If yours is one of those, read the section <xref linkend=\"dhcpd\"/>. Otherwise you will probably be able to get away with simply adding the <userinput>allow bootp</userinput> directive to the configuration block for the subnet containing the client in <filename>/etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf</filename>, and restart <command>dhcpd</command> with <userinput>/etc/init.d/dhcp3-server restart</userinput>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:1345
#, no-c-format
msgid "Enabling the TFTP Server"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1346
#, no-c-format
msgid "To get the TFTP server ready to go, you should first make sure that <command>tftpd</command> is enabled."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1351
#, no-c-format
msgid "In the case of <classname>tftpd-hpa</classname> there are two ways the service can be run. It can be started on demand by the system's <classname>inetd</classname> daemon, or it can be set up to run as an independent daemon. Which of these methods is used is selected when the package is installed and can be changed by reconfiguring the package."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1360
#, no-c-format
msgid "Historically, TFTP servers used <filename>/tftpboot</filename> as directory to serve images from. However, &debian-gnu; packages may use other directories to comply with the <ulink url=\"&url-fhs-home;\">Filesystem Hierarchy Standard</ulink>. For example, <classname>tftpd-hpa</classname> by default uses <filename>/srv/tftp</filename>. You may have to adjust the configuration examples in this section accordingly."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1370
#, no-c-format
msgid "All <command>in.tftpd</command> alternatives available in &debian; should log TFTP requests to the system logs by default. Some of them support a <userinput>-v</userinput> argument to increase verbosity. It is recommended to check these log messages in case of boot problems as they are a good starting point for diagnosing the cause of errors."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1378
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
      "If you intend to install &debian; on an SGI machine and your TFTP server is a GNU/Linux box running Linux 2.4, you'll need to set the following on your server: <informalexample><screen>\n"
      "# echo 1 &gt; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_no_pmtu_disc\n"
      "</screen></informalexample> to turn off Path MTU discovery, otherwise the SGI's PROM can't download the kernel. Furthermore, make sure TFTP packets are sent from a source port no greater than 32767, or the download will stall after the first packet. Again, it's Linux 2.4.X tripping this bug in the PROM, and you can avoid it by setting <informalexample><screen>\n"
      "# echo \"2048 32767\" &gt; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_local_port_range\n"
      "</screen></informalexample> to adjust the range of source ports the Linux TFTP server uses."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:1400
#, no-c-format
msgid "Move TFTP Images Into Place"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1401
#, no-c-format
msgid "Next, place the TFTP boot image you need, as found in <xref linkend=\"where-files\"/>, in the <command>tftpd</command> boot image directory. You may have to make a link from that file to the file which <command>tftpd</command> will use for booting a particular client. Unfortunately, the file name is determined by the TFTP client, and there are no strong standards."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1410
#, no-c-format
msgid "On NewWorld Power Macintosh machines, you will need to set up the <command>yaboot</command> boot loader as the TFTP boot image. <command>Yaboot</command> will then retrieve the kernel and RAMdisk images via TFTP itself. You will need to download the following files from the <filename>netboot/</filename> directory:"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: filename
#: install-methods.xml:1441
#, no-c-format
msgid "boot.msg"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1446
#, no-c-format
msgid "For PXE booting, everything you should need is set up in the <filename>netboot/netboot.tar.gz</filename> tarball. Simply extract this tarball into the <command>tftpd</command> boot image directory. Make sure your dhcp server is configured to pass <filename>pxelinux.0</filename> to <command>tftpd</command> as the filename to boot."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1454
#, no-c-format
msgid "For PXE booting, everything you should need is set up in the <filename>netboot/netboot.tar.gz</filename> tarball. Simply extract this tarball into the <command>tftpd</command> boot image directory. Make sure your dhcp server is configured to pass <filename>/debian-installer/ia64/elilo.efi</filename> to <command>tftpd</command> as the filename to boot."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:1466
#, no-c-format
msgid "SPARC TFTP Booting"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1467
#, no-c-format
msgid ""
      "Some SPARC architectures add the subarchitecture names, such as <quote>SUN4M</quote> or <quote>SUN4C</quote>, to the filename. Thus, if your system's subarchitecture is a SUN4C, and its IP is 192.168.1.3, the filename would be <filename>C0A80103.SUN4C</filename>. However, there are also subarchitectures where the file the client looks for is just <filename>client-ip-in-hex</filename>. An easy way to determine the hexadecimal code for the IP address is to enter the following command in a shell (assuming the machine's intended IP is 10.0.0.4). <informalexample><screen>\n"
      "$ printf '%.2x%.2x%.2x%.2x\\n' 10 0 0 4\n"
      "</screen></informalexample> To get to the correct filename, you will need to change all letters to uppercase and if necessary append the subarchitecture name."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1483
#, no-c-format
msgid "If you've done all this correctly, giving the command <userinput>boot net</userinput> from the OpenPROM should load the image. If the image cannot be found, try checking the logs on your tftp server to see which image name is being requested."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1490
#, no-c-format
msgid "You can also force some sparc systems to look for a specific file name by adding it to the end of the OpenPROM boot command, such as <userinput>boot net my-sparc.image</userinput>. This must still reside in the directory that the TFTP server looks in."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:1501
#, no-c-format
msgid "SGI TFTP Booting"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1502
#, no-c-format
msgid "On SGI machines you can rely on the <command>bootpd</command> to supply the name of the TFTP file. It is given either as the <userinput>bf=</userinput> in <filename>/etc/bootptab</filename> or as the <userinput>filename=</userinput> option in <filename>/etc/dhcpd.conf</filename>."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:1610
#, no-c-format
msgid "Automatic Installation"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1611
#, no-c-format
msgid "For installing on multiple computers it's possible to do fully automatic installations. &debian; packages intended for this include <classname>fai-quickstart</classname> (which can use an install server) and the &debian; Installer itself. Have a look at the <ulink url=\"http://fai-project.org\">FAI home page</ulink> for detailed information."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: title
#: install-methods.xml:1623
#, no-c-format
msgid "Automatic Installation Using the &debian; Installer"
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1624
#, no-c-format
msgid "The &debian; Installer supports automating installs via preconfiguration files. A preconfiguration file can be loaded from the network or from removable media, and used to fill in answers to questions asked during the installation process."
msgstr ""

#. Tag: para
#: install-methods.xml:1631
#, no-c-format
msgid "Full documentation on preseeding including a working example that you can edit is in <xref linkend=\"appendix-preseed\"/>."
msgstr ""