# Translation of the Debian installation-guide into Indonesian. # Andika Triwidada , 2022. # msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: d-i-manual_administrivia\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: debian-boot@lists.debian.org\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2022-05-19 22:02+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2022-12-29 07:50+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Andika Triwidada \n" "Language-Team: Debian Indonesia Translators \n" "Language: id\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" "X-Generator: Weblate 4.15.1-dev\n" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:5 #, no-c-format msgid "Before Installing &debian-gnu;" msgstr "Sebelum Memasang &debian-gnu;" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:6 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This chapter deals with the preparation for installing &debian; before you " "even boot the installer. This includes backing up your data, gathering " "information about your hardware, and locating any necessary information." msgstr "" "Bab ini membahas persiapan untuk menginstal &debian; bahkan sebelum Anda mem-" "boot installer. Hal ini termasuk mencadangkan data Anda, mengumpulkan " "informasi tentang perangkat keras Anda, dan mencari informasi yang " "diperlukan." #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:19 #, no-c-format msgid "Overview of the Installation Process" msgstr "Ikhtisar Proses Pemasangan" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:20 #, no-c-format msgid "" "First, just a note about re-installations. With &debian;, a circumstance " "that will require a complete re-installation of your system is very rare; " "perhaps mechanical failure of the hard disk would be the most common case." msgstr "" "Pertama, hanya sebuah catatan tentang instalasi ulang. Dengan &debian;, " "keadaan yang akan memerlukan instalasi ulang lengkap sistem Anda sangat " "jarang terjadi; mungkin kegagalan mekanis hard disk akan menjadi kasus yang " "paling umum." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:27 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Many common operating systems may require a complete installation to be " "performed when critical failures take place or for upgrades to new OS " "versions. Even if a completely new installation isn't required, often the " "programs you use must be re-installed to operate properly in the new OS." msgstr "" "Banyak sistem operasi umum yang mungkin memerlukan instalasi lengkap untuk " "dilakukan ketika terjadi kegagalan kritis atau untuk peningkatan ke versi OS " "baru. Bahkan jika instalasi yang benar-benar baru tidak diperlukan, " "seringkali program yang Anda gunakan harus diinstal ulang untuk beroperasi " "dengan benar di OS baru." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:35 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Under &debian-gnu;, it is much more likely that your OS can be repaired " "rather than replaced if things go wrong. Upgrades never require a wholesale " "installation; you can always upgrade in-place. And the programs are almost " "always compatible with successive OS releases. If a new program version " "requires newer supporting software, the &debian; packaging system ensures " "that all the necessary software is automatically identified and installed. " "The point is, much effort has been put into avoiding the need for re-" "installation, so think of it as your very last option. The installer is " "not designed to re-install over an existing system." msgstr "" "Di bawah &debian-gnu;, lebih besar kemungkinannya OS Anda dapat diperbaiki " "daripada diganti jika ada yang salah. Peningkatan tidak pernah memerlukan " "instalasi besar-besaran; Anda selalu dapat meningkatkan di tempat. Dan " "program-program hampir selalu kompatibel dengan rilis OS yang berurutan. " "Jika versi program baru memerlukan perangkat lunak pendukung yang lebih " "baru, sistem pengemasan &debian; memastikan bahwa semua perangkat lunak yang " "diperlukan secara otomatis diidentifikasi dan dipasang. Intinya adalah, " "banyak usaha yang telah dilakukan untuk menghindari perlunya instalasi " "ulang, jadi anggaplah ini sebagai pilihan terakhir Anda. Pemasang ini " "tidak dirancang untuk memasang ulang di atas sistem " "yang sudah ada." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:48 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Here's a road map for the steps you will take during the installation " "process." msgstr "" "Berikut adalah peta jalan untuk langkah-langkah yang akan Anda ambil selama " "proses instalasi." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:56 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Back up any existing data or documents on the hard disk where you plan to " "install." msgstr "" "Cadangkan semua data atau dokumen yang ada di hard disk tempat Anda " "berencana untuk menginstal." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:62 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Gather information about your computer and any needed documentation, before " "starting the installation." msgstr "" "Kumpulkan informasi tentang komputer Anda dan dokumentasi yang diperlukan, " "sebelum memulai instalasi." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:68 #, no-c-format msgid "Create partitionable space for &debian; on your hard disk." msgstr "Buat ruang yang dapat dipartisi untuk &debian; pada hard disk Anda." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:73 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Locate and/or download the installer software and any specialized driver or " "firmware files your machine requires." msgstr "" "Cari dan/atau unduh perangkat lunak penginstal dan berkas driver atau " "firmware khusus apa pun yang diperlukan mesin Anda." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:79 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Set up boot media such as CDs/DVDs/USB sticks or provide a network boot " "infrastructure from which the installer can be booted." msgstr "" "Siapkan media boot seperti CD/DVD/stik USB atau sediakan infrastruktur boot " "jaringan dari mana installer bisa di-boot." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:85 #, no-c-format msgid "Boot the installation system." msgstr "Boot sistem instalasi." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:90 #, no-c-format msgid "Select the installation language." msgstr "Pilih bahasa instalasi." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:95 #, no-c-format msgid "Activate the ethernet network connection, if available." msgstr "Aktifkan koneksi jaringan ethernet, jika tersedia." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:101 #, no-c-format msgid "Configure one network interface." msgstr "Konfigurasikan satu antarmuka jaringan." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:106 #, no-c-format msgid "Open an ssh connection to the new system." msgstr "Buka koneksi ssh ke sistem baru." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:111 #, no-c-format msgid "Attach one or more DASDs (Direct Access Storage Device)." msgstr "Cantolkan satu atau lebih DASD (Direct Access Storage Device)." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:117 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If necessary, resize existing partitions on your target harddisk to make " "space for the installation." msgstr "" "Jika perlu, ubah ukuran partisi yang sudah ada pada harddisk target Anda " "untuk menyediakan ruang bagi instalasi." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:122 #, no-c-format msgid "Create and mount the partitions on which &debian; will be installed." msgstr "Buat dan kait partisi tempat &debian; akan dipasang." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:127 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Watch the automatic download/install/setup of the base system." msgstr "" "Saksikan pengunduhan/instalasi/penyiapan otomatis sistem dasar ." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:133 #, no-c-format msgid "Select and install additional software." msgstr "Pilih dan pasang perangkat lunak tambahan." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:138 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Install a boot loader which can start up &debian-gnu; " "and/or your existing system." msgstr "" "Instal boot loader yang dapat memulai &debian-gnu; " "dan/atau sistem Anda yang ada." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:144 #, no-c-format msgid "Load the newly installed system for the first time." msgstr "Muat sistem yang baru diinstal untuk pertama kalinya." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:151 #, no-c-format msgid "" "For &arch-title; you have the option of using a an experimental an experimental graphical version of the installation " "system. For more information about this graphical installer, see ." msgstr "" "Untuk &arch-title; Anda memiliki pilihan untuk menggunakan sebuah versi grafis sebuah versi " "grafis eksperimental sebuah versi grafis " "eksperimental dari sistem instalasi. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut " "tentang pemasang grafis ini, lihat ." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:160 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you have problems during the installation, it helps to know which " "packages are involved in which steps. Introducing the leading software " "actors in this installation drama:" msgstr "" "Jika Anda memiliki masalah selama instalasi, ada baiknya untuk mengetahui " "paket mana yang terlibat dalam langkah mana. Memperkenalkan aktor perangkat " "lunak terkemuka dalam drama instalasi ini:" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:166 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The installer software, debian-installer, is the " "primary concern of this manual. It detects hardware and loads appropriate " "drivers, uses dhcp-client to set up the network " "connection, runs debootstrap to install the base " "system packages, and runs tasksel to allow you to " "install certain additional software. Many more actors play smaller parts in " "this process, but debian-installer has completed its " "task when you load the new system for the first time." msgstr "" "Perangkat lunak pemasang, debian-installer, adalah " "perhatian utama dari manual ini. Perangkat lunak ini mendeteksi perangkat " "keras dan memuat driver yang sesuai, menggunakan dhcp-client untuk mengatur koneksi jaringan, menjalankan " "debootstrap untuk memasang paket sistem dasar, dan " "menjalankan tasksel untuk mengizinkan Anda memasang " "perangkat lunak tambahan tertentu. Banyak lagi aktor yang memainkan peran " "yang lebih kecil dalam proses ini, tetapi debian-installer telah menyelesaikan tugasnya ketika Anda memuat sistem baru untuk " "pertama kalinya." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:178 #, no-c-format msgid "" "To tune the system to your needs, tasksel allows you " "to choose to install various predefined bundles of software like a Web " "server or a Desktop environment." msgstr "" "Untuk menyesuaikan sistem dengan kebutuhan Anda, tasksel memungkinkan Anda memilih untuk menginstal berbagai paket " "perangkat lunak yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya seperti server Web atau " "lingkungan Desktop." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:184 #, no-c-format msgid "" "One important option during the installation is whether or not to install a " "graphical desktop environment, consisting of the X Window System and one of " "the available graphical desktop environments. If you choose not to select " "the Desktop environment task, you will only have a relatively " "basic, command line driven system. Installing the Desktop environment task " "is optional because in relation to a text-mode-only system it requires a " "comparatively large amount of disk space and because many &debian-gnu; " "systems are servers which don't really have any need for a graphical user " "interface to do their job." msgstr "" "Salah satu opsi penting selama instalasi adalah apakah akan menginstal " "lingkungan desktop grafis atau tidak, yang terdiri dari Sistem X Window dan " "salah satu lingkungan desktop grafis yang tersedia. Jika Anda memutuskan " "untuk tidak memilih tugas Lingkungan desktop, Anda hanya akan " "memiliki sistem yang relatif mendasar dan digerakkan oleh baris perintah. " "Memasang tugas Lingkungan desktop adalah opsional karena dalam kaitannya " "dengan sistem hanya mode teks itu membutuhkan sejumlah ruang disk yang " "relatif besar dan karena banyak sistem &debian-gnu; adalah server yang tidak " "benar-benar membutuhkan antarmuka pengguna grafis untuk melakukan pekerjaan " "mereka." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:197 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Just be aware that the X Window System is completely separate from " "debian-installer, and in fact is much more " "complicated. Troubleshooting of the X Window System is not within the scope " "of this manual." msgstr "" "Perlu disadari bahwa X Window System benar-benar terpisah dari " "debian-installer, dan sebenarnya jauh lebih rumit. " "Melacak masalah X Window System tidak termasuk dalam cakupan manual ini." #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:212 #, no-c-format msgid "Back Up Your Existing Data!" msgstr "Cadangkan Data Anda yang Ada!" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:213 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Before you start, make sure to back up every file that is now on your " "system. If this is the first time a non-native operating system is going to " "be installed on your computer, it is quite likely you will need to re-" "partition your disk to make room for &debian-gnu;. Anytime you partition " "your disk, you run a risk of losing everything on the disk, no matter what " "program you use to do it. The programs used in the installation of &debian-" "gnu; are quite reliable and most have seen years of use; but they are also " "quite powerful and a false move can cost you. Even after backing up, be " "careful and think about your answers and actions. Two minutes of thinking " "can save hours of unnecessary work." msgstr "" "Sebelum Anda mulai, pastikan untuk mencadangkan setiap berkas yang sekarang " "ada di sistem Anda. Jika ini adalah pertama kalinya sistem operasi bukan " "native akan dipasang pada komputer Anda, kemungkinan besar Anda perlu " "mempartisi ulang disk Anda untuk memberikan ruang bagi &debian-gnu;. Setiap " "kali Anda mempartisi disk Anda, Anda berrisiko kehilangan semua yang ada di " "disk, tidak peduli program apa yang Anda gunakan untuk melakukannya. Program-" "program yang digunakan dalam instalasi &debian-gnu; cukup handal dan " "sebagian besar telah digunakan selama bertahun-tahun; tetapi program-program " "tersebut juga cukup kuat dan langkah yang salah dapat merugikan Anda. Bahkan " "setelah melakukan pencadangan, berhati-hatilah dan pikirkan jawaban dan " "tindakan Anda. Dua menit berpikir dapat menghemat berjam-jam pekerjaan yang " "tidak perlu." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:226 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you are creating a multi-boot system, make sure that you have the " "distribution media of any other present operating systems on hand. Even " "though this is normally not necessary, there might be situations in which " "you could be required to reinstall your operating system's boot loader to " "make the system boot or in a worst case even have to reinstall the complete " "operating system and restore your previously made backup." msgstr "" "Jika Anda membuat sistem multi-boot, pastikan Anda memiliki media distribusi " "dari sistem operasi lain yang ada. Walaupun hal ini biasanya tidak " "diperlukan, mungkin ada situasi di mana Anda mungkin diharuskan memasang " "ulang boot loader sistem operasi Anda untuk membuat sistem boot atau dalam " "kasus terburuk, bahkan harus memasang ulang sistem operasi lengkap dan " "mengembalikan cadangan yang telah Anda buat sebelumnya." #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:245 #, no-c-format msgid "Information You Will Need" msgstr "Informasi yang Anda Perlukan" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:248 #, no-c-format msgid "Documentation" msgstr "Dokumentasi" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:251 #, no-c-format msgid "Installation Manual" msgstr "Manual Instalasi" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:253 #, no-c-format msgid "This document you are now reading, in plain ASCII, HTML or PDF format." msgstr "" "Dokumen yang sedang Anda baca ini, dalam format ASCII polos, HTML, atau PDF." #. Tag: itemizedlist #: preparing.xml:259 #, no-c-format msgid "&list-install-manual-files;" msgstr "&list-install-manual-files;" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:265 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The document you are now reading, which is the official version of the " "Installation Guide for the &releasename; release of &debian;; available in " "various formats and " "translations." msgstr "" "Dokumen yang sedang Anda baca sekarang, yang merupakan versi resmi dari " "Panduan Instalasi untuk &debian; rilis &releasename;; tersedia dalam berbagai format dan terjemahan." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:274 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The document you are now reading, which is a development version of the " "Installation Guide for the next release of &debian;; available in various formats and translations." msgstr "" "Dokumen yang sedang Anda baca sekarang, yang merupakan versi pengembangan " "dari Panduan Instalasi untuk rilis berikutnya dari &debian;; tersedia dalam " "berbagai format dan terjemahan." #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:286 #, no-c-format msgid "Hardware documentation" msgstr "Dokumentasi perangkat keras" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:287 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Often contains useful information on configuring or using your hardware." msgstr "" "Sering kali berisi informasi yang berguna mengenai mengonfigurasi atau " "menggunakan perangkat keras Anda." #. Tag: ulink #: preparing.xml:298 #, no-c-format msgid "The Debian Wiki hardware page" msgstr "Halaman perangkat keras Wiki Debian" #. Tag: ulink #: preparing.xml:304 #, no-c-format msgid "Linux/MIPS website" msgstr "Situs web Linux/MIPS" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:313 #, no-c-format msgid "&arch-title; Hardware References" msgstr "Referensi Perangkat Keras &arch-title;" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:314 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Documentation of &arch-title;-specific boot sequence, commands and device " "drivers (e.g. DASD, XPRAM, Console, OSA, HiperSockets and z/VM interaction)" msgstr "" "Dokumentasi urutan boot, perintah, dan device drivers (misalnya DASD, XPRAM, " "Console, OSA, HiperSockets, dan interaksi z/VM) spesifik &arch-title;" #. Tag: ulink #: preparing.xml:325 #, no-c-format msgid "Device Drivers, Features, and Commands (Linux Kernel 3.2)" msgstr "Device Driver, Fitur, dan Perintah (Kernel Linux 3.2)" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:330 #, no-c-format msgid "" "IBM Redbook describing how Linux can be combined with z/VM on zSeries and " "&arch-title; hardware." msgstr "" "IBM Redbook menjelaskan bagaimana Linux dapat dikombinasikan dengan z/VM " "pada perangkat keras zSeries dan &arch-title;." #. Tag: ulink #: preparing.xml:340 #, no-c-format msgid "Linux for &arch-title;" msgstr "Linux untuk &arch-title;" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:346 #, no-c-format msgid "" "IBM Redbook describing the Linux distributions available for the mainframe. " "It has no chapter about &debian; but the basic installation concepts are the " "same across all &arch-title; distributions." msgstr "" "IBM Redbook menjelaskan distribusi Linux yang tersedia untuk mainframe. Ini " "tidak memiliki bab tentang &debian; tetapi konsep instalasi dasarnya sama di " "semua distribusi &arch-title;." #. Tag: ulink #: preparing.xml:357 #, no-c-format msgid "Linux for IBM eServer zSeries and &arch-title;: Distributions" msgstr "Linux untuk IBM eServer zSeries dan distribusi &arch-title;:" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:367 #, no-c-format msgid "Finding Sources of Hardware Information" msgstr "Menemukan Sumber Informasi Perangkat Keras" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:368 #, no-c-format msgid "" "In many cases, the installer will be able to automatically detect your " "hardware. But to be prepared, we do recommend familiarizing yourself with " "your hardware before the install." msgstr "" "Dalam banyak kasus, pemasang akan dapat secara otomatis mendeteksi perangkat " "keras Anda. Tetapi untuk bersiap-siap, kami sarankan untuk membiasakan diri " "dengan perangkat keras Anda sebelum memasang." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:374 #, no-c-format msgid "Hardware information can be gathered from:" msgstr "Informasi perangkat keras dapat dikumpulkan dari:" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:381 #, no-c-format msgid "The manuals that come with each piece of hardware." msgstr "Manual yang disertakan dengan setiap perangkat keras." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:386 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The BIOS/UEFI setup screens of your computer. You can view these screens " "when you start your computer by pressing a combination of keys. Check your " "manual for the combination. Often, it is the Delete or the " "F2 key, but some manufacturers use other keys or key " "combinations. Usually upon starting the computer there will be a message " "stating which key to press to enter the setup screen." msgstr "" "Layar pengaturan BIOS/UEFI komputer Anda. Anda dapat melihat layar ini saat " "memulai komputer dengan menekan kombinasi tombol. Periksa manual Anda untuk " "kombinasi. Sering kali, itu adalah tombol Delete atau " "F2, tetapi beberapa produsen menggunakan tombol atau " "kombinasi tombol lain. Biasanya saat memulai komputer akan ada pesan yang " "menyatakan tombol mana yang harus ditekan untuk masuk ke layar pengaturan." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:396 #, no-c-format msgid "The cases and boxes for each piece of hardware." msgstr "Kemasan dan kotak untuk setiap perangkat keras." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:402 #, no-c-format msgid "The System window in the Windows Control Panel." msgstr "Jendela Sistem di Panel Kontrol Windows." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:408 #, no-c-format msgid "" "System commands or tools in another operating system, including file manager " "displays. This source is especially useful for information about RAM and " "hard drive memory." msgstr "" "Perintah atau alat sistem di sistem operasi lain, termasuk tampilan manajer " "berkas. Sumber ini sangat berguna untuk informasi tentang RAM dan memori " "hard disk." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:415 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Your system administrator or Internet Service Provider. These sources can " "tell you the settings you need to set up your networking and e-mail." msgstr "" "Administrator sistem atau Penyedia Layanan Internet Anda. Sumber-sumber ini " "dapat memberi tahu Anda pengaturan yang Anda butuhkan untuk mengatur " "jaringan dan surel Anda." #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:427 #, no-c-format msgid "Hardware Information Helpful for an Install" msgstr "Informasi Perangkat Keras yang Berguna untuk Instalasi" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:431 #, no-c-format msgid "Hardware" msgstr "Perangkat Keras" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:431 #, no-c-format msgid "Information You Might Need" msgstr "Informasi yang Mungkin Anda Butuhkan" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:437 #, no-c-format msgid "Hard Drives" msgstr "Hard Disk" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:438 #, no-c-format msgid "How many you have." msgstr "Berapa banyak yang Anda miliki." #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:440 #, no-c-format msgid "Their order on the system." msgstr "Urutan mereka pada sistem." #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:442 #, no-c-format msgid "Whether IDE (also known as PATA), SATA or SCSI." msgstr "Apakah IDE (juga dikenal sebagai PATA), SATA, atau SCSI." #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:444 preparing.xml:493 #, no-c-format msgid "Available free space." msgstr "Ruang kosong yang tersedia." #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:445 #, no-c-format msgid "Partitions." msgstr "Partisi." #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:447 #, no-c-format msgid "Partitions where other operating systems are installed." msgstr "Partisi tempat sistem operasi lain dipasang." #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:475 #, no-c-format msgid "Network interfaces" msgstr "Antarmuka jaringan" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:476 #, no-c-format msgid "Type/model of available network interfaces." msgstr "Jenis/model antarmuka jaringan yang tersedia." #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:480 #, no-c-format msgid "Printer" msgstr "Pencetak" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:481 #, no-c-format msgid "Model and manufacturer." msgstr "Model dan pabrikan." #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:485 #, no-c-format msgid "Video Card" msgstr "Kartu Video" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:486 #, no-c-format msgid "Type/model and manufacturer." msgstr "Jenis/model dan pabrikan." #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:490 #, no-c-format msgid "DASD" msgstr "DASD" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:491 #, no-c-format msgid "Device number(s)." msgstr "Nomor perangkat." #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:496 #, no-c-format msgid "Network" msgstr "Jaringan" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:497 #, no-c-format msgid "Type of adapter." msgstr "Jenis adaptor." #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:499 #, no-c-format msgid "Device numbers." msgstr "Nomor perangkat." #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:500 #, no-c-format msgid "Relative adapter number for OSA cards." msgstr "Nomor adaptor relatif untuk kartu OSA." #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:508 #, no-c-format msgid "Hardware Compatibility" msgstr "Kompatibilitas Perangkat Keras" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:510 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Many products work without trouble on &arch-kernel;. Moreover, hardware " "support in &arch-kernel; is improving daily. However, &arch-kernel; still " "does not run as many different types of hardware as some operating systems." msgstr "" "Banyak produk bekerja tanpa masalah pada &arch-kernel;. Selain itu, dukungan " "perangkat keras di &arch-kernel; membaik setiap hari. Namun, &arch-kernel; " "masih tidak menjalankan berbagai jenis perangkat keras sebanyak beberapa " "sistem operasi." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:516 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Drivers in &arch-kernel; in most cases are not written for a certain " "product or brand from a specific manufacturer, " "but for a certain hardware/chipset. Many seemingly different products/brands " "are based on the same hardware design; it is not uncommon that chip " "manufacturers provide so-called reference designs for " "products based on their chips which are then used by several different " "device manufacturers and sold under lots of different product or brand names." msgstr "" "Driver di &arch-kernel; dalam kebanyakan kasus tidak ditulis untuk " "produk atau merek tertentu dari produsen " "tertentu, tetapi untuk perangkat keras/chipset tertentu. Banyak produk/merek " "yang tampaknya berbeda didasarkan pada desain perangkat keras yang sama; " "tidak jarang produsen chip menyediakan apa yang disebut desain " "referensi untuk produk berdasarkan chip mereka yang kemudian " "digunakan oleh beberapa produsen perangkat yang berbeda dan dijual dengan " "banyak nama produk atau merek yang berbeda." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:527 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This has advantages and disadvantages. An advantage is that a driver for one " "chipset works with lots of different products from different manufacturers, " "as long as their product is based on the same chipset. The disadvantage is " "that it is not always easy to see which actual chipset is used in a certain " "product/brand. Unfortunately sometimes device manufacturers change the " "hardware base of their product without changing the product name or at least " "the product version number, so that when having two items of the same brand/" "product name bought at different times, they can sometimes be based on two " "different chipsets and therefore use two different drivers or there might be " "no driver at all for one of them." msgstr "" "Ini memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan. Keuntungannya adalah driver untuk " "satu chipset bekerja dengan banyak produk berbeda dari produsen yang " "berbeda, selama produk mereka didasarkan pada chipset yang sama. Kerugiannya " "adalah tidak selalu mudah untuk melihat chipset mana yang sebenarnya " "digunakan dalam produk/merek tertentu. Sayangnya terkadang produsen " "perangkat mengubah basis perangkat keras produk mereka tanpa mengubah nama " "produk atau setidaknya nomor versi produk, sehingga ketika memiliki dua item " "dengan merek/nama produk yang sama yang dibeli pada waktu yang berbeda, " "mereka terkadang dapat didasarkan pada dua chipset yang berbeda dan oleh " "karena itu menggunakan dua driver yang berbeda atau mungkin tidak ada driver " "sama sekali untuk salah satunya." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:540 #, no-c-format msgid "" "For USB and PCI/PCI-Express/ExpressCard devices, a good way to find out on " "which chipset they are based is to look at their device IDs. All USB/PCI/PCI-" "Express/ExpressCard devices have so called vendor and " "product IDs, and the combination of these two is usually the " "same for any product based on the same chipset." msgstr "" "Untuk perangkat USB dan PCI/PCI-Express/ExpressCard, cara yang baik untuk " "mengetahui chipset mana yang menjadi dasarnya adalah dengan melihat ID " "perangkat mereka. Semua perangkat USB/PCI/PCI-Express/ExpressCard memiliki " "apa yang disebut ID vendor dan produk, dan " "kombinasi keduanya biasanya sama untuk produk apa pun berdasarkan chipset " "yang sama." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:548 #, no-c-format msgid "" "On Linux systems, these IDs can be read with the lsusb " "command for USB devices and with the lspci -nn command " "for PCI/PCI-Express/ExpressCard devices. The vendor and product IDs are " "usually given in the form of two hexadecimal numbers, separated by a colon, " "such as 1d6b:0001." msgstr "" "Pada sistem Linux, ID ini dapat dibaca dengan perintah lsusb untuk perangkat USB dan dengan perintah lspci -nn untuk perangkat PCI/PCI-Express/ExpressCard. ID vendor dan produk " "biasanya diberikan dalam bentuk dua angka heksadesimal, dipisahkan oleh " "titik dua, seperti 1d6b:0001." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:556 #, no-c-format msgid "" "An example for the output of lsusb: Bus 001 Device " "001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub, whereby 1d6b is the " "vendor ID and 0002 is the product ID." msgstr "" "Contoh untuk keluaran dari lsusb: Bus 001 Device " "001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub, dimana 1d6b adalah " "ID vendor dan 0002 adalah ID produk." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:562 #, no-c-format msgid "" "An example for the output of lspci -nn for an Ethernet " "card: 03:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., " "Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller [10ec:8168] (rev " "06). The IDs are given inside the rightmost square brackets, i.e. " "here 10ec is the vendor- and 8168 is the product ID." msgstr "" "Contoh untuk keluaran dari lspci -nn untuk sebuah kartu " "Ethernet: 03:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor " "Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller [10ec:8168] " "(rev 06). ID diberikan di dalam tanda kurung siku paling kanan, " "yaitu di sini 10ec adalah ID vendor dan 8168 adalah ID produk." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:570 #, no-c-format msgid "" "As another example, a graphics card could give the following output: " "04:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Advanced Micro Devices " "[AMD] nee ATI RV710 [Radeon HD 4350] [1002:954f]." msgstr "" "Sebagai contoh lain, kartu grafis dapat memberikan keluaran berikut: " "04:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Advanced Micro Devices " "[AMD] nee ATI RV710 [Radeon HD 4350] [1002:954f]." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:576 #, no-c-format msgid "" "On Windows systems, the IDs for a device can be found in the Windows device " "manager on the tab details, where the vendor ID is prefixed " "with VEN_ and the product ID is prefixed with DEV_. On Windows 7 systems, " "you have to select the property Hardware IDs in the device " "manager's details tab to actually see the IDs, as they are not displayed by " "default." msgstr "" "Pada sistem Windows, ID untuk perangkat dapat ditemukan di manajer perangkat " "Windows pada tab detail, dimana ID vendor diawali dengan VEN_ " "dan ID produk diawali dengan DEV_. Pada sistem Windows 7, Anda harus memilih " "properti ID Perangkat Keras di tab detail manajer perangkat " "untuk benar-benar melihat ID, karena tidak ditampilkan secara baku." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:586 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Searching on the internet with the vendor/product ID, &arch-kernel; and driver as the search terms often results in " "information regarding the driver support status for a certain chipset. If a " "search for the vendor/product ID does not yield usable results, a search for " "the chip code names, which are also often provided by lsusb and lspci " "(RTL8111/RTL8168B in the network card example " "and RV710 in the graphics card example), can help." msgstr "" "Mencari di internet dengan ID vendor/produk, &arch-kernel;, " "dan driver sebagai istilah pencarian sering menghasilkan informasi mengenai " "status dukungan driver untuk chipset tertentu. Jika pencarian " "untuk ID vendor/produk tidak menemukan hasil yang dapat digunakan, pencarian " "untuk nama kode chip, yang juga sering disediakan oleh lsusb dan lspci " "(RTL8111/RTL8168B dalam contoh kartu jaringan " "dan RV710 dalam contoh kartu grafis), dapat membantu." #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:599 #, no-c-format msgid "Testing hardware compatibility with a Live-System" msgstr "Menguji kompatibilitas perangkat keras dengan Live-System" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:601 #, no-c-format msgid "" "&debian-gnu; is also available as a so-called live system for " "certain architectures. A live system is a preconfigured ready-to-use system " "in a compressed format that can be booted and used from a read-only medium " "like a CD or DVD. Using it by default does not create any permanent changes " "on your computer. You can change user settings and install additional " "programs from within the live system, but all this only happens in the " "computer's RAM, i.e. if you turn off the computer and boot the live system " "again, everything is reset to its defaults. If you want to see whether your " "hardware is supported by &debian-gnu;, the easiest way is to run a &debian; " "live system on it and try it out." msgstr "" "&debian-gnu; juga tersedia sebagai apa yang disebut sistem live untuk arsitektur tertentu. Sistem live adalah sistem siap pakai yang " "telah dikonfigurasi sebelumnya dalam format terkompresi yang dapat di-boot " "dan digunakan dari media hanya-baca seperti CD atau DVD. Menggunakannya " "secara baku tidak membuat perubahan permanen pada komputer Anda. Anda dapat " "mengubah pengaturan pengguna dan memasang program tambahan dari dalam sistem " "live, tetapi semua ini hanya terjadi di RAM komputer, yaitu jika Anda " "mematikan komputer dan mem-boot sistem live lagi, semuanya diatur ulang ke " "bakunya. Jika Anda ingin melihat apakah perangkat keras Anda didukung oleh " "&debian-gnu;, cara termudah adalah dengan menjalankan sistem live &debian; " "padanya dan mencobanya." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:614 #, no-c-format msgid "" "There are a few limitations in using a live system. The first is that as all " "changes you do within the live system must be held in your computer's RAM, " "this only works on systems with enough RAM to do that, so installing " "additional large software packages may fail due to memory constraints. " "Another limitation with regards to hardware compatibility testing is that " "the official &debian-gnu; live system contains only free components, i.e. " "there are no non-free firmware files included in it. Such non-free packages " "can of course be installed manually within the system, but there is no " "automatic detection of required firmware files like in the &d-i;, so " "installation of non-free components must be done manually if needed." msgstr "" "Ada beberapa batasan dalam menggunakan sistem live. Yang pertama adalah " "bahwa karena semua perubahan yang Anda lakukan dalam sistem live harus " "disimpan di RAM komputer Anda, ini hanya berfungsi pada sistem dengan RAM " "yang cukup untuk melakukan itu, jadi memasang paket perangkat lunak tambahan " "yang besar mungkin gagal karena kendala memori. Batasan lain sehubungan " "dengan pengujian kompatibilitas perangkat keras adalah bahwa sistem live " "&debian-gnu; resmi hanya berisi komponen bebas, yaitu tidak ada berkas " "firmware non-free yang termasuk di dalamnya. Paket non-free seperti itu " "tentu saja dapat dipasang secara manual di dalam sistem, tetapi tidak ada " "deteksi otomatis berkas firmware yang diperlukan seperti di &d-i;, jadi " "pemasangan komponen non-free harus dilakukan secara manual jika diperlukan." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:627 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Information about the available variants of the &debian; live images can be " "found at the Debian Live Images website." msgstr "" "Informasi tentang varian yang tersedia dari image live &debian; dapat " "ditemukan di situs web Image Live " "Debian." #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:641 #, no-c-format msgid "Network Settings" msgstr "Pengaturan Jaringan" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:643 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If your computer is connected to a fixed network (i.e. an Ethernet or " "equivalent connection — not a dialup/PPP connection) which is " "administered by somebody else, you should ask your network's system " "administrator for this information:" msgstr "" "Jika komputer Anda terhubung ke jaringan tetap (yaitu Ethernet atau koneksi " "yang setara — bukan koneksi dialup/PPP) yang dikelola oleh orang lain, " "Anda harus meminta informasi ini kepada administrator sistem jaringan Anda:" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:651 #, no-c-format msgid "Your host name (you may be able to decide this on your own)." msgstr "Nama host Anda (Anda mungkin dapat memutuskan ini sendiri)." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:656 #, no-c-format msgid "Your domain name." msgstr "Nama domain Anda." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:661 #, no-c-format msgid "Your computer's IP address." msgstr "Alamat IP komputer Anda." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:666 #, no-c-format msgid "The netmask to use with your network." msgstr "Netmask untuk digunakan dengan jaringan Anda." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:671 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The IP address of the default gateway system you should route to, if your " "network has a gateway." msgstr "" "Alamat IP sistem gateway baku tempat Anda mengarahkan rute, jika jaringan " "Anda memiliki gateway." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:677 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The system on your network that you should use as a DNS (Domain Name " "Service) server." msgstr "" "Sistem di jaringan Anda yang harus Anda gunakan sebagai server DNS (Domain " "Name Service)." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:685 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If the network you are connected to uses DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration " "Protocol) for configuring network settings, you don't need this information " "because the DHCP server will provide it directly to your computer during the " "installation process." msgstr "" "Jika jaringan yang terhubung dengan Anda menggunakan DHCP (Dynamic Host " "Configuration Protocol) untuk mengonfigurasi pengaturan jaringan, Anda tidak " "memerlukan informasi ini karena server DHCP akan memberikannya langsung ke " "komputer Anda selama proses instalasi." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:692 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you have internet access via DSL or cable modem (i.e. over a cable tv " "network) and have a router (often provided preconfigured by your phone or " "catv provider) which handles your network connectivity, DHCP is usually " "available by default." msgstr "" "Jika Anda memiliki akses internet melalui DSL atau modem kabel (yaitu " "melalui jaringan tv kabel) dan memiliki router (sering disediakan " "terprakonfigurasi oleh penyedia telepon atau catv Anda) yang menangani " "konektivitas jaringan Anda, DHCP biasanya tersedia secara baku." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:700 #, no-c-format msgid "" "As a rule of thumb: if you run a Windows system in your home network and did " "not have to manually perform any network settings there to achieve Internet " "access, network connectivity in &debian-gnu; will also be configured " "automatically." msgstr "" "Sebagai aturan praktis: jika Anda menjalankan sistem Windows di jaringan " "rumah Anda dan tidak perlu melakukan pengaturan jaringan secara manual di " "sana untuk mencapai akses Internet, konektivitas jaringan di &debian-gnu; " "juga akan dikonfigurasi secara otomatis." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:707 #, no-c-format msgid "If you use a WLAN/WiFi network, you should find out:" msgstr "Jika Anda menggunakan jaringan WLAN/WiFi, Anda harus mencari tahu:" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:712 #, no-c-format msgid "The ESSID (network name) of your wireless network." msgstr "ESSID (nama jaringan) jaringan nirkabel Anda." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:717 #, no-c-format msgid "The WEP or WPA/WPA2 security key to access the network (if applicable)." msgstr "Kunci keamanan WEP atau WPA/WPA2 untuk mengakses jaringan (jika ada)." #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:734 #, no-c-format msgid "Meeting Minimum Hardware Requirements" msgstr "Memenuhi Persyaratan Perangkat Keras Minimum" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:735 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Once you have gathered information about your computer's hardware, check " "that your hardware will let you do the type of installation that you want to " "do." msgstr "" "Setelah Anda mengumpulkan informasi tentang perangkat keras komputer Anda, " "periksa apakah perangkat keras Anda akan membiarkan Anda melakukan jenis " "instalasi yang ingin Anda lakukan." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:741 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Depending on your needs, you might manage with less than some of the " "recommended hardware listed in the table below. However, most users risk " "being frustrated if they ignore these suggestions." msgstr "" "Bergantung pada kebutuhan Anda, Anda mungkin bisa melanjutkan dengan " "beberapa perangkat keras kurang dari yang direkomendasikan yang tercantum " "dalam tabel di bawah ini. Namun, sebagian besar pengguna berisiko frustrasi " "jika mereka mengabaikan saran ini." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:747 #, no-c-format msgid "" "A Pentium 4, 1GHz system is the minimum recommended for a desktop system." msgstr "" "Sistem Pentium 4, 1GHz adalah minimum yang direkomendasikan untuk sistem " "desktop." #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:763 #, no-c-format msgid "Recommended Minimum System Requirements" msgstr "Persyaratan Sistem Minimum yang Direkomendasikan" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:767 #, no-c-format msgid "Install Type" msgstr "Jenis Instalasi" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:768 #, no-c-format msgid "RAM (minimum)" msgstr "RAM (minimum)" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:769 #, no-c-format msgid "RAM (recommended)" msgstr "RAM (disarankan)" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:770 #, no-c-format msgid "Hard Drive" msgstr "Hard Disk" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:776 #, no-c-format msgid "No desktop" msgstr "Tanpa desktop" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:777 #, no-c-format msgid "256 megabytes" msgstr "256 megabita" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:778 #, no-c-format msgid "512 megabytes" msgstr "512 megabita" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:779 preparing.xml:783 #, no-c-format msgid "2 gigabytes" msgstr "2 gigabita" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:781 #, no-c-format msgid "With Desktop" msgstr "Dengan Desktop" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:782 #, no-c-format msgid "1 gigabytes" msgstr "1 gigabita" #. Tag: entry #: preparing.xml:784 #, no-c-format msgid "10 gigabytes" msgstr "10 gigabita" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:789 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The minimum values assumes that swap will be enabled and a non-liveCD image " "is used. The No desktop value assumes that the non-graphical " "(text-based) installer is used." msgstr "" "Nilai minimum mengasumsikan bahwa swap akan diaktifkan dan image bukan " "liveCD digunakan. Nilai Tidak ada desktop mengasumsikan bahwa " "pemasang non-grafis (berbasis teks) digunakan." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:795 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The actual minimum memory requirements are a lot less than the numbers " "listed in this table. With swap enabled, it is possible to install &debian; " "with as little as &minimum-memory-strict;. The same goes for the disk space " "requirements, especially if you pick and choose which applications to " "install; see for additional " "information on disk space requirements." msgstr "" "Persyaratan memori minimum aktual jauh lebih sedikit daripada angka yang " "tercantum dalam tabel ini. Dengan swap diaktifkan, dimungkinkan untuk " "memasang &debian; dengan sesedikit &minimum-memory-strict;. Hal yang sama " "berlaku untuk persyaratan ruang disk, terutama jika Anda memilih aplikasi " "mana yang akan dipasang; Lihat untuk " "informasi tambahan tentang persyaratan ruang disk." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:805 #, no-c-format msgid "" "It is possible to run a graphical desktop environment on older or low-end " "systems, but in that case it is recommended to install a window manager that " "is less resource-hungry than those of the GNOME or KDE Plasma desktop " "environments; alternatives include xfce4, " "icewm and wmaker, but there " "are others to choose from." msgstr "" "Dimungkinkan untuk menjalankan lingkungan desktop grafis pada sistem yang " "lebih lama atau kelas bawah, tetapi dalam hal ini disarankan untuk memasang " "manajer jendela yang kurang haus sumber daya daripada lingkungan desktop " "GNOME atau KDE Plasma; alternatif termasuk xfce4, " "icewm, dan wmaker, tetapi ada " "yang lain untuk dipilih." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:814 #, no-c-format msgid "" "It is practically impossible to give general memory or disk space " "requirements for server installations as those very much depend on what the " "server is to be used for." msgstr "" "Praktis tidak mungkin untuk memberikan persyaratan ruang disk atau memori " "umum untuk instalasi server karena sangat tergantung pada untuk apa server " "akan digunakan." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:820 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Remember that these sizes don't include all the other materials which are " "usually to be found, such as user files, mail, and data. It is always best " "to be generous when considering the space for your own files and data." msgstr "" "Ingatlah bahwa ukuran ini tidak mencakup semua materi lain yang biasanya " "ditemukan, seperti berkas pengguna, surel, dan data. Selalu yang terbaik " "untuk bermurah hati ketika mempertimbangkan ruang untuk berkas dan data Anda " "sendiri." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:827 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Disk space required for the smooth operation of the &debian-gnu; system " "itself is taken into account in these recommended system requirements. " "Notably, the /var partition contains a lot of state " "information specific to &debian; in addition to its regular contents, like " "logfiles. The dpkg files (with information on all " "installed packages) can easily consume 40MB. Also, apt " "puts downloaded packages here before they are installed. You should usually " "allocate at least 200MB for /var, and a lot more if you " "install a graphical desktop environment." msgstr "" "Ruang disk diperlukan untuk kelancaran operasi sistem &debian-gnu; itu " "sendiri diperhitungkan dalam persyaratan sistem yang direkomendasikan ini. " "Khususnya, partisi /var berisi banyak informasi keadaan " "yang spesifik bagi &debian; selain konten regulernya, seperti berkas log. " "Berkas-berkas dpkg (dengan informasi tentang semua paket " "yang dipasang) dapat dengan mudah mengkonsumsi 40MB. Juga apt menempatkan paket yang diunduh di sini sebelum dipasang. Anda " "biasanya harus mengalokasikan setidaknya 200MB untuk /var, dan lebih banyak lagi jika Anda memasang lingkungan desktop " "grafis." #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:851 #, no-c-format msgid "Pre-Partitioning for Multi-Boot Systems" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:852 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Partitioning your disk simply refers to the act of breaking up your disk " "into sections. Each section is then independent of the others. It's roughly " "equivalent to putting up walls inside a house; if you add furniture to one " "room it doesn't affect any other room." msgstr "" "Mempartisi disk Anda hanya mengacu pada tindakan memecah disk Anda menjadi " "beberapa bagian. Setiap bagian kemudian independen dari yang lain. Ini kira-" "kira setara dengan memasang dinding di dalam rumah; jika Anda menambahkan " "furnitur ke satu ruangan itu tidak mempengaruhi ruangan lain." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:859 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Whenever this section talks about disks you should translate " "this into a DASD or VM minidisk in the &arch-title; world. Also a machine " "means an LPAR or VM guest in this case." msgstr "" "Setiap kali bagian ini berbicara tentang disk, Anda harus " "menerjemahkannya ke dalam minidisk DASD atau VM di dunia &arch-title;. Juga " "mesin berarti LPAR atau guest VM dalam kasus ini." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:865 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you already have an operating system on your system (Windows 9x, Windows NT/2000/XP/2003/Vista/7, OS/2, MacOS, Solaris, " "FreeBSD, …) (VM, z/OS, OS/390, " "…) which uses the whole disk and you want to stick &debian; " "on the same disk, you will need to repartition it. &debian; requires its own " "hard disk partitions. It cannot be installed on Windows or Mac OS X " "partitions. It may be able to share some partitions with other Unix systems, " "but that's not covered here. At the very least you will need a dedicated " "partition for the &debian; root filesystem." msgstr "" "Jika Anda sudah memiliki sistem operasi pada sistem Anda (Windows 9x, Windows NT/2000/XP/2003/Vista/7, OS/2, MacOS, Solaris, " "FreeBSD, …) (VM, z/OS, OS/390, " "…) yang menggunakan seluruh disk dan Anda ingin menempatkan " "&debian; pada disk yang sama, Anda harus mempartisi ulang. &debian; " "membutuhkan partisi hard disk sendiri. Itu tidak dapat dipasang pada partisi " "Windows atau Mac OS X. Ini mungkin dapat berbagi beberapa partisi dengan " "sistem Unix lain, tetapi itu tidak tercakup di sini. Setidaknya Anda akan " "memerlukan partisi khusus untuk sistem berkas root &debian;." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:884 #, no-c-format msgid "" "You can find information about your current partition setup by using a " "partitioning tool for your current operating system, such as the integrated Disk Manager in Windows or fdisk in DOS, such as Disk Utility, Drive Setup, HD " "Toolkit, or MacTools, such as the VM diskmap. Partitioning tools always provide a way to show existing partitions " "without making changes." msgstr "" "Anda dapat menemukan informasi tentang pengaturan partisi Anda saat ini " "dengan menggunakan alat partisi untuk sistem operasi Anda saat ini, seperti " "Manajer Disk terintegrasi di Windows atau fdisk di " "DOSDisk Utility, Drive Setup, HD Toolkit, " "atau MacToolsVM diskmap. Alat " "partisi selalu menyediakan cara untuk menampilkan partisi yang ada tanpa " "membuat perubahan." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:894 #, no-c-format msgid "" "In general, changing a partition with a file system already on it will " "destroy any information there. Thus you should always make backups before " "doing any repartitioning. Using the analogy of the house, you would probably " "want to move all the furniture out of the way before moving a wall or you " "risk destroying it." msgstr "" "Secara umum, mengubah partisi dengan sistem berkas yang sudah ada di " "dalamnya akan menghancurkan informasi apa pun di sana. Dengan demikian Anda " "harus selalu membuat cadangan sebelum melakukan partisi ulang. Dengan " "menggunakan analogi rumah, Anda mungkin ingin memindahkan semua furnitur " "sebelum memindahkan dinding atau Anda berrisiko menghancurkannya." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:902 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Several modern operating systems offer the ability to move and resize " "certain existing partitions without destroying their contents. This allows " "making space for additional partitions without losing existing data. Even " "though this works quite well in most cases, making changes to the " "partitioning of a disk is an inherently dangerous action and should only be " "done after having made a full backup of all data. For FAT/FAT32 and NTFS partitions as used by DOS and Windows systems, " "the ability to move and resize them losslessly is provided both by &d-i; as " "well as by the integrated Disk Manager of Windows 7. " msgstr "" "Beberapa sistem operasi modern menawarkan kemampuan untuk memindah dan " "mengubah ukuran partisi tertentu yang ada tanpa merusak isinya. Ini " "memungkinkan membuat ruang untuk partisi tambahan tanpa kehilangan data yang " "ada. Meskipun ini bekerja cukup baik dalam banyak kasus, membuat perubahan " "pada partisi disk adalah tindakan yang secara inheren berbahaya dan hanya " "boleh dilakukan setelah membuat cadangan penuh dari semua data. Untuk partisi FAT/FAT32 dan NTFS seperti yang digunakan oleh " "sistem DOS dan Windows, kemampuan untuk memindahkan dan mengubah ukurannya " "tanpa kehilangan disediakan baik oleh &d-i; serta oleh Manajer Disk " "terintegrasi Windows 7. " #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:917 #, no-c-format msgid "" "To losslessly resize an existing FAT or NTFS partition from within &d-i;, go " "to the partitioning step, select the option for manual partitioning, select " "the partition to resize, and simply specify its new size." msgstr "" "Untuk mengubah ukuran partisi FAT atau NTFS yang ada, tanpa kehilangan data, " "dari dalam &d-i;, lanjutkan ke langkah pemartisian, pilih opsi untuk " "pemartisian manual, pilih partisi yang akan diubah ukuran, dan cukup " "tentukan ukuran barunya." #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:990 #, no-c-format msgid "Pre-Installation Hardware and Operating System Setup" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:991 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This section will walk you through pre-installation hardware setup, if any, " "that you will need to do prior to installing &debian;. Generally, this " "involves checking and possibly changing BIOS/UEFI/system firmware settings " "for your system. The BIOS/UEFI or system firmware is the core software used by the hardware; it is most critically " "invoked during the bootstrap process (after power-up)." msgstr "" "Bagian ini akan memandu Anda melalui penyiapan perangkat keras pra-" "instalasi, jika ada, yang perlu Anda lakukan sebelum memasang &debian;. " "Umumnya, ini melibatkan pemeriksaan dan mungkin mengubah pengaturan firmware " "BIOS/UEFI/sistem untuk sistem Anda. BIOS/UEFI atau " "firmware sistem adalah perangkat lunak inti yang digunakan " "oleh perangkat keras; ini paling kritis dipanggil selama proses bootstrap " "(setelah daya dihidupkan)." #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1006 #, no-c-format msgid "Invoking the BIOS/UEFI Set-Up Menu" msgstr "Memanggil Menu Penyiapan BIOS/UEFI" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1008 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The BIOS/UEFI provides the basic functions needed to boot your machine and " "to allow your operating system to access your hardware. Your system provides " "a BIOS/UEFI setup menu, which is used to configure the BIOS/UEFI. To enter " "the BIOS/UEFI setup menu you have to press a key or key combination after " "turning on the computer. Often it is the Delete or the " "F2 key, but some manufacturers use other keys. Usually upon " "starting the computer there will be a message stating which key to press to " "enter the setup screen." msgstr "" "BIOS/UEFI menyediakan fungsi dasar yang diperlukan untuk mem-boot mesin Anda " "dan untuk memungkinkan sistem operasi Anda mengakses perangkat keras Anda. " "Sistem Anda menyediakan menu penyiapan BIOS/UEFI, yang digunakan untuk " "mengonfigurasi BIOS/UEFI. Untuk masuk ke menu penyiapan BIOS/UEFI, Anda " "harus menekan sebuah tombol atau kombinasi tombol setelah menyalakan " "komputer. Sering kali itu adalah tombol Delete atau " "F2, tetapi beberapa produsen menggunakan tombol lain. " "Biasanya saat memulai komputer akan ada pesan yang menyatakan tombol mana " "yang harus ditekan untuk masuk ke layar penyiapan." #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1022 preparing.xml:1447 #, no-c-format msgid "Boot Device Selection" msgstr "Pemilihan Perangkat Boot" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1024 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Within the BIOS/UEFI setup menu, you can select which devices shall be " "checked in which sequence for a bootable operating system. Possible choices " "usually include the internal harddisks, the CD/DVD-ROM drive and USB mass " "storage devices such as USB sticks or external USB harddisks. On modern " "systems there is also often a possibility to enable network booting via PXE." msgstr "" "Dalam menu penyiapan BIOS/UEFI, Anda dapat memilih perangkat mana yang akan " "diperiksa dalam urutan apa untuk sistem operasi yang dapat di-boot. Pilihan " "yang mungkin biasanya termasuk hard disk internal, drive CD/DVD-ROM, dan " "perangkat penyimpanan massal USB seperti flash disk USB atau hard disk USB " "eksternal. Pada sistem modern juga sering ada kemungkinan untuk mengaktifkan " "boot jaringan melalui PXE." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1032 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Depending on the installation media (CD/DVD ROM, USB stick, network boot) " "you have chosen you should enable the appropriate boot devices if they are " "not already enabled." msgstr "" "Tergantung pada media instalasi (CD/DVD ROM, flash disk USB, boot jaringan) " "yang telah Anda pilih, Anda harus mengaktifkan perangkat boot yang sesuai " "jika belum diaktifkan." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1038 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Most BIOS/UEFI versions allow you to call up a boot menu on system startup " "in which you select from which device the computer should start for the " "current session. If this option is available, the BIOS/UEFI usually displays " "a short message like press F12 for boot menu " "on system startup. The actual key used to select this menu varies from " "system to system; commonly used keys are F12, F11 and F8. Choosing a device from this menu does not " "change the default boot order of the BIOS/UEFI, i.e. you can start once from " "a USB stick while having configured the internal harddisk as the normal " "primary boot device." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1052 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If your BIOS/UEFI does not provide you with a boot menu to do ad-hoc choices " "of the current boot device, you will have to change your BIOS/UEFI setup to " "make the device from which the &d-i; shall be booted the primary boot device." msgstr "" "Jika BIOS/UEFI Anda tidak memberi Anda menu boot untuk melakukan pilihan ad-" "hoc dari perangkat boot saat ini, Anda harus mengubah pengaturan BIOS/UEFI " "Anda agar membuat perangkat dari mana &d-i; mesti di-boot sebagai perangkat " "boot utama." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1058 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Unfortunately some computers may contain buggy BIOS/UEFI versions. Booting " "&d-i; from a USB stick might not work even if there is an appropriate option " "in the BIOS/UEFI setup menu and the stick is selected as the primary boot " "device. On some of these systems using a USB stick as boot medium is " "impossible; others can be tricked into booting from the stick by changing " "the device type in the BIOS/UEFI setup from the default USB harddisk or USB stick to USB ZIP or USB " "CDROM. In particular if " "you use an isohybrid installation image on a USB stick (see ), changing the device type to USB CDROM helps on some BIOSes which will not boot from a USB stick in USB " "harddisk mode. You may need to configure your BIOS/UEFI to enable " "USB legacy support." msgstr "" "Sayangnya beberapa komputer mungkin berisi versi BIOS/UEFI yang bermasalah. " "Boot &d-i; dari flash disk USB mungkin tidak berfungsi meskipun ada opsi " "yang sesuai di menu penyiapan BIOS/UEFI dan flash disk dipilih sebagai " "perangkat boot utama. Pada beberapa sistem ini menggunakan flash disk USB " "sebagai media boot tidak mungkin; yang lain dapat ditipu untuk boot dari " "flash disk dengan mengubah jenis perangkat di pengaturan BIOS/UEFI dari baku " "hard disk USB atau flash disk USB ke " "USB ZIP atau USB CDROM. Khususnya jika Anda menggunakan image instalasi " "isohybrid pada flash disk USB (lihat ), mengubah jenis perangkat ke USB CDROM membantu pada " "beberapa BIOS yang tidak akan boot dari flash disk USB dalam mode hard disk " "USB. Anda mungkin perlu mengonfigurasi BIOS/UEFI Anda untuk " "mengaktifkan dukungan legacy USB." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1074 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you cannot manipulate the BIOS/UEFI to boot directly from a USB stick you " "still have the option of using an ISO copied to the stick. Boot &d-i; using " " and, after scanning the hard drives for " "an installer ISO image, select the USB device and choose an installation " "image." msgstr "" "Jika Anda tidak dapat memanipulasi BIOS/UEFI untuk boot langsung dari flash " "disk USB, Anda masih memiliki opsi untuk menggunakan ISO yang disalin ke " "flash disk. Boot &d-i; menggunakan dan, " "setelah memindai hard drive untuk image ISO pemasang, pilih perangkat USB " "dan pilih image instalasi." #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1140 #, no-c-format msgid "How to update bare metal ppc64el firmware" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1141 #, no-c-format msgid "" "This is an excerpt from IBM PowerKVM on " "IBM POWER8." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1146 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Open Power Abstraction Layer (OPAL) is the system firmware in the stack of " "POWER processor-based server." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1151 #, no-c-format msgid "" "There may be instances when the user might have to upgrade the Power Systems " "firmware to a more recent level to acquire new features or additional " "support for devices." msgstr "" "Mungkin ada contoh ketika pengguna mungkin harus memutakhirkan firmware " "Power Systems ke tingkat yang lebih baru agar mendapatkan fitur baru atau " "dukungan tambahan untuk perangkat." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1157 #, no-c-format msgid "Make sure that the following requirements are met:" msgstr "Pastikan bahwa persyaratan berikut terpenuhi:" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1162 #, no-c-format msgid "an OS to be running on the system;" msgstr "OS yang akan berjalan pada sistem;" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1164 #, no-c-format msgid "the .img file of the OPAL level that the user needs to update to;" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1166 #, no-c-format msgid "the machine isn't under HMC control." msgstr "mesin tidak berada di bawah kendali HMC." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1170 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Power Systems has two sides of flash to boot firmware from, namely permanent " "and temporary. This provides a way to test firmware updates on the temporary " "side of the flash before committing the tested changes to the permanent " "side, thereby committing the new updates." msgstr "" "Power Systems memiliki dua sisi flash untuk mem-boot firmware, yaitu " "permanen dan sementara. Ini menyediakan cara untuk menguji pembaruan " "firmware pada sisi sementara flash sebelum melakukan perubahan yang diuji ke " "sisi permanen, sehingga meng-commit pemutakhiran baru." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1177 #, no-c-format msgid "Perform the following steps for the update:" msgstr "Lakukan langkah-langkah berikut untuk pembaruan:" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1182 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Save the level of the existing firmware before really updating. In ASM, in " "the system menu, click Service Aids -> Service Processor Command " "Line, and run the following command:" msgstr "" "Simpan level firmware yang ada sebelum benar-benar memperbarui. Di ASM, di " "menu sistem, klik Service Aids -> Service Processor Command " "Line, dan jalankan perintah berikut:" #. Tag: screen #: preparing.xml:1186 #, no-c-format msgid "cupdcmd -f" msgstr "cupdcmd -f" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1187 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Download the .img file of the level of firmware to be updated to a location " "in the host filesystem. Refer to IBM Fix " "Central for downloading the image file." msgstr "" "Unduh berkas .img pada tingkat firmware untuk diperbarui ke lokasi di sistem " "berkas host. Lihat IBM Fix Central untuk mengunduh berkas image." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1192 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Verify the image downloaded by running the following command and save the " "output." msgstr "" "Verifikasi image yang diunduh dengan menjalankan perintah berikut dan simpan " "hasilnya." #. Tag: screen #: preparing.xml:1195 #, no-c-format msgid "$update_flash -v -f <file_name.img>" msgstr "$update_flash -v -f <file_name.img>" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1197 #, no-c-format msgid "Update the firmware by running the following command." msgstr "Perbarui firmware dengan menjalankan perintah berikut." #. Tag: screen #: preparing.xml:1199 #, no-c-format msgid "$update_flash -f <file_name.img>" msgstr "$update_flash -f <file_name.img>" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1205 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The command reboots the system and therefore, sessions if any, would be lost." msgstr "" "Perintah me-reboot sistem dan oleh karena itu, sesi jika ada, akan hilang." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1208 #, no-c-format msgid "Do not reboot or switch off the system until it is back." msgstr "Jangan reboot atau matikan sistem sampai sistem kembali." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1215 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Verify the updated firmware level of the temporary side of the flash as in " "step 1." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1218 #, no-c-format msgid "" "In case the update has to be reverted, the user can do so by running this " "command: \n" " $update_flash -r\n" " Rejection would reject only the temporary side " "of the flash. Therefore, the new level should be committed to the permanent " "side only after thorough testing of the new firmware." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1225 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The new updated level can be committed to the permanent side of the flash by " "running the following command." msgstr "" #. Tag: screen #: preparing.xml:1228 #, no-c-format msgid "$update_flash -c" msgstr "$update_flash -c" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1236 #, no-c-format msgid "Updating KVM guest firmware (SLOF)" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1237 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Slimline Open Firmware (SLOF) is an implementation of the IEEE 1275 " "standard. It can be used as partition firmware for pSeries machines running " "on QEMU or KVM." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1244 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The package qemu-slof is, in fact, a dependency of package qemu-system-ppc " "(which also provides the virtual package qemu-system-ppc64), and can be " "installed or updated via apt tool on Debian-based " "distros. Like so: \n" "# apt install qemu-slof\n" " SLOF can also be installed into rpm-based " "distribution systems, given the proper repository or rpm package. " "Additionally, the upstream source code is available at ." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1259 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Thus, one can use a different SLOF file rather than the default, when " "running qemu-system, by adding the command line argument " "-bios <slof_file> when starting qemu." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1269 #, no-c-format msgid "Updating PowerKVM hypervisor" msgstr "Memperbarui hypervisor PowerKVM" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1270 #, no-c-format msgid "Instructions for Netboot installation" msgstr "Instruksi untuk instalasi Netboot" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1271 #, no-c-format msgid "" "You will need a DHCP/TFTP (BOOTP) server, as well as a web server. After " "downloading ibm-powerkvm-*-ppc64-service-*.iso, mount loop it and unpack it " "into some directory within your HTTP server www root structure (say " "wwwroot): \n" "# cd <directory-where-the-iso-is>\n" "# mkdir ./iso\n" "# sudo mount -o loop ibm-powerkvm-*-ppc64-service-*.iso ./iso\n" "# cp -a ./iso/* <path-to-wwwroot>\n" " Create the petitboot.conf file in a directory " "under your tftproot, say /tftproot/powerkvm, with the following contents: " "\n" "label PowerKVM Automated Install\n" "kernel http://YOUR-SERVER-IP/SOME-PATH-TO-wwwroot/ppc/ppc64/vmlinuz\n" "initrd http://YOUR-SERVER-IP/SOME-PATH-TO-wwwroot/ppc/ppc64/initrd.img\n" "append root=live:http://YOUR-SERVER-IP/SOME-PATH-TO-wwwroot/LiveOS/squashfs." "img repo=http://YOUR-SERVER-IP/SOME-PATH-TO-wwwroot/packages rd.dm=0 rd.md=0 " "console=hvc0 console=tty0\n" " Editing your dhcpd.conf, set this directive at " "the beginning: \n" "option conf-file code 209 = text;\n" " Add the system directive: " "\n" "host <your-system> {\n" " hardware ethernet <system macaddr>\n" " fixed-address <system ip>;\n" " option host-name \"<system hostname>\";\n" " option conf-file \"<powerkvm/petitboot.conf>\";\n" " }\n" " Reboot the dhcp server." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1295 #, no-c-format msgid "Boot your PowerLinux machine." msgstr "Boot mesin PowerLinux Anda." #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1299 #, no-c-format msgid "" "There should be the following option at petitboot (select it): " "\n" "\"Power KVM Automated Install\" \n" " The installer menu should appear automatically." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1310 #, no-c-format msgid "Instructions for DVD" msgstr "Instruksi untuk DVD" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1311 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Boot the ISO ibm-powerkvm-*-ppc64-service-*.iso (either burn a DVD or make " "it virtual if using QEMU) and simply wait for the boot." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1314 #, no-c-format msgid "" "There should be the following option at petitboot (select it): " "\n" "\"POWERKVM_LIVECD\" \n" " The installer menu should appear automatically." msgstr "" "Mestinya ada opsi berikut di petitboot (pilih itu): " "\n" "\"POWERKVM_LIVECD\" \n" " Menu pemasang akan muncul secara otomatis." #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1335 #, no-c-format msgid "BIOS Setup" msgstr "Penyiapan BIOS" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1336 #, no-c-format msgid "" "In order to install &debian-gnu; on a &arch-title; or zSeries machine you " "have first boot a kernel into the system. The boot mechanism of this " "platform is inherently different to other ones, especially from PC-like " "systems, and you will notice a big difference while you work with this " "platform: most (if not all) of the time you will work remote, with the help " "of some client session software like telnet, or a browser. This is due to " "that special system architecture where the 3215/3270 console is line-based " "instead of character-based." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1348 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Linux on this platform runs either natively on the bare machine, in a so-" "called LPAR (Logical Partition) or in a virtual machine supplied by the VM " "system. Boot media differs depending on the runtime mode. For example, you " "can use the virtual card reader of a virtual machine, or boot from the HMC " "(Hardware Management Console) of an LPAR if the HMC and this option is " "available for you." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1357 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Before you actually perform an installation, you have to go over some design " "and preparation steps. IBM has made documentation available about the whole " "process, e.g. how to prepare an installation medium and how actually to boot " "from that medium. Duplicating that information here is neither possible nor " "necessary. However, we will describe here which kind of &debian;-specific " "data is needed and where to find it. Using both sources of information, you " "have to prepare your machine and the installation medium before you can " "perform a boot from it. When you see the welcome message in your client " "session, return to this document to go through the &debian;-specific " "installation steps." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1374 #, no-c-format msgid "Native and LPAR installations" msgstr "Instalasi native dan LPAR" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1375 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Please refer to chapter 5 of the Linux for &arch-title; Redbook " "and chapter 3.2 of the Linux for IBM eServer zSeries and &arch-title;: " "Distributions Redbook on how to set up an LPAR for Linux." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1389 #, no-c-format msgid "Installation as a VM guest" msgstr "Instalasi sebagai suatu guest VM" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1391 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Please refer to chapter 6 of the Linux for &arch-title; Redbook " "and chapter 3.1 of the Linux for IBM eServer zSeries and &arch-title;: " "Distributions Redbook on how to set up a VM guest for running Linux." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1401 #, no-c-format msgid "" "You need to copy all the files from the generic sub-" "directory to your CMS disk. Be sure to transfer kernel.debian and initrd.debian in binary mode with a fixed " "record length of 80 characters (by specifying BINARY " "and LOCSITE FIX 80 in your FTP client). " "parmfile.debian can be in either ASCII or EBCDIC " "format. A sample debian.exec script, which will punch " "the files in the proper order, is included with the images." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1418 #, no-c-format msgid "Setting up an installation server" msgstr "Menyiapkan Suatu Server Instalasi" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1420 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you don't have a connection to the Internet (either directly or via a web " "proxy) you need to create a local installation server that can be accessed " "from your S/390. This server keeps all the packages you want to install and " "must make them available using NFS, HTTP or FTP." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1428 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The installation server needs to copy the exact directory structure from any " "&debian-gnu; mirror, but only the S/390 and architecture-independent files " "are required. You can also copy the contents of all installation images into " "such a directory tree." msgstr "" #. Tag: emphasis #: preparing.xml:1437 #, no-c-format msgid "FIXME: more information needed — from a Redbook?" msgstr "FIXME: informasi lebih lanjut diperlukan — dari Redbook?" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1454 #, no-c-format msgid "ARM firmware" msgstr "Firmware ARM" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1456 #, no-c-format msgid "" "As already mentioned before, there is unfortunately no standard for system " "firmware on ARM systems. Even the behaviour of different systems which use " "nominally the same firmware can be quite different. This results from the " "fact that a large part of the devices using the ARM architecture are " "embedded systems, for which the manufacturers usually build heavily " "customized firmware versions and include device-specific patches. " "Unfortunately the manufacturers often do not submit their changes and " "extensions back to the mainline firmware developers, so their changes are " "not integrated into newer versions of the original firmware." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1468 #, no-c-format msgid "" "As a result even newly sold systems often use a firmware that is based on a " "years-old manufacturer-modified version of a firmware whose mainline " "codebase has evolved a lot further in the meantime and offers additional " "features or shows different behaviour in certain aspects. In addition to " "that, the naming of onboard devices is not consistent between different " "manufacturer-modified versions of the same firmware, therefore it is nearly " "impossible to provide usable product-independend instructions for ARM-based " "systems." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1481 #, no-c-format msgid "Debian-provided U-Boot (system firmware) images" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1482 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Debian provides U-Boot images for various armhf systems that can load their " "U-Boot from an SD card at &armmp-uboot-img;. The U-Boot builds are offered " "in two formats: raw U-Boot components and a ready-made card image that can " "easily be written onto an SD card. The raw U-Boot components are provided " "for advanced users; the generally recommended way is to use one of the ready-" "made SD card images. They are named <system-type>.sdcard.img.gz and " "can be written to a card e.g. with zcat <system-" "type>.sdcard.img.gz > /dev/SD_CARD_DEVICE " "As with all images, please be aware that writing the image to an SD card " "wipes all previous contents of the card!" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1497 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If Debian provides a U-Boot image for your system, it is recommended that " "you use this image instead of the vendor-provided U-Boot, as the version in " "Debian is usually newer and has more features." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1505 #, no-c-format msgid "Setting the ethernet MAC address in U-Boot" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1506 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The MAC address of every ethernet interface should normally be globally " "unique, and it technically has to be unique within its ethernet broadcast " "domain. To achieve this, the manufacturer usually allocates a block of MAC " "addresses from a centrally-administered pool (for which a fee has to be " "paid) and preconfigures one of these addresses on each item sold." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1514 #, no-c-format msgid "" "In the case of development boards, sometimes the manufacturer wants to avoid " "paying these fees and therefore provides no globally unique addresses. In " "these cases the users themselves have to define MAC addresses for their " "systems. When no MAC address is defined for an ethernet interface, some " "network drivers generate a random MAC address that can change on every boot, " "and if this happens, network access would be possible even when the user has " "not manually set an address, but e.g. assigning semi-static IP addresses by " "DHCP based on the MAC address of the requesting client would obviously not " "work reliably." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1525 #, no-c-format msgid "" "To avoid conflicts with existing officially-assigned MAC addresses, there is " "an address pool which is reserved for so-called locally administered addresses. It is defined by the value of two specific bits in the " "first byte of the address (the article MAC address in the " "English language Wikipedia gives a good explanation). In practice this means " "that e.g. any address starting with hexadecimal ca (such as ca:ff:" "ee:12:34:56) can be used as a locally administered address." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1535 #, no-c-format msgid "" "On systems using U-Boot as system firmware, the ethernet MAC address is " "placed in the ethaddr environment variable. It can be checked " "at the U-Boot command prompt with the command printenv ethaddr and can be set with the command setenv ethaddr ca:ff:" "ee:12:34:56. After setting the value, the command saveenv makes the assignment permanent." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1546 #, no-c-format msgid "Kernel/Initrd/Device-Tree relocation issues in U-Boot" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1547 #, no-c-format msgid "" "On some systems with older U-Boot versions there can be problems with " "properly relocating the Linux kernel, the initial ramdisk and the device-" "tree blob in memory during the boot process. In this case, U-Boot shows the " "message Starting kernel ..., but the system freezes " "afterwards without further output. These issues have been solved with newer " "U-Boot versions from v2014.07 onwards." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1556 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If the system has originally used a U-Boot version older than v2014.07 and " "has been upgraded to a newer version later, the problem might still occur " "even after upgrading U-Boot. Upgrading U-Boot usually does not modify the " "existing U-Boot environment variables and the fix requires an additional " "environment variable (bootm_size) to be set, which U-Boot does automatically " "only on fresh installations without existing environment data. It is " "possible to manually set bootm_size to the new U-Boot's default value by " "running the command env default bootm_size; saveenv at the U-" "Boot prompt." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1567 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Another possibility to circumvent relocation-related problems is to run the " "command setenv fdt_high ffffffff; setenv initrd_high 0xffffffff; " "saveenv at the U-Boot prompt to completely disable the relocation of " "the initial ramdisk and the device-tree blob." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1577 #, no-c-format msgid "Systems with UEFI firmware" msgstr "Sistem dengan firmware UEFI" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1578 #, no-c-format msgid "" "UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) is a new kind of " "system firmware that is used on many modern systems and is - among other " "uses - intended to replace the classic PC BIOS." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1584 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Currently most PC systems that use UEFI also have a so-called " "Compatibility Support Module (CSM) in the firmware, which " "provides exactly the same interfaces to an operating system as a classic PC " "BIOS, so that software written for the classic PC BIOS can be used " "unchanged. Nonetheless UEFI is intended to one day completely replace the " "old PC BIOS without being fully backwards-compatible and there are already a " "lot of systems with UEFI but without CSM." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1594 #, no-c-format msgid "" "On systems with UEFI there are a few things to take into consideration when " "installing an operating system. The way the firmware loads an operating " "system is fundamentally different between the classic BIOS (or UEFI in CSM " "mode) and native UEFI. One major difference is the way the harddisk " "partitions are recorded on the harddisk. While the classic BIOS and UEFI in " "CSM mode use a DOS partition table, native UEFI uses a different " "partitioning scheme called GUID Partition Table (GPT). On a " "single disk, for all practical purposes only one of the two can be used and " "in case of a multi-boot setup with different operating systems on one disk, " "all of them must therefore use the same type of partition table. Booting " "from a disk with GPT is only possible in native UEFI mode, but using GPT " "becomes more and more common as hard disk sizes grow, because the classic " "DOS partition table cannot address disks larger than about 2 Terabytes while " "GPT allows for far larger disks. The other major difference between BIOS (or " "UEFI in CSM mode) and native UEFI is the location where boot code is stored " "and in which format it has to be. This means that different bootloaders are " "needed for each system." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1614 #, no-c-format msgid "" "The latter becomes important when booting &d-i; on a UEFI system with CSM " "because &d-i; checks whether it was started on a BIOS- or on a native UEFI " "system and installs the corresponding bootloader. Normally this simply works " "but there can be a problem in multi-boot environments. On some UEFI systems " "with CSM the default boot mode for removable devices can be different from " "what is actually used when booting from hard disk, so when booting the " "installer from a USB stick in a different mode from what is used when " "booting another already installed operating system from the hard disk, the " "wrong bootloader might be installed and the system might be unbootable after " "finishing the installation. When choosing the boot device from a firmware " "boot menu, some systems offer two separate choices for each device, so that " "the user can select whether booting shall happen in CSM or in native UEFI " "mode." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1633 #, no-c-format msgid "Secure boot" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1634 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Another UEFI-related topic is the so-called secure boot " "mechanism. Secure boot means a function of UEFI implementations that allows " "the firmware to only load and execute code that is cryptographically signed " "with certain keys and thereby blocking any (potentially malicious) boot code " "that is unsigned or signed with unknown keys. In practice the only key " "accepted by default on most UEFI systems with secure boot is a key from " "Microsoft used for signing the Windows bootloader. Debian includes a " "shim bootloader signed by Microsoft, so should work correctly " "on systems with secure boot enabled." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1649 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Disabling the Windows fast boot/fast startup " "feature" msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1650 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Windows offers a feature (called fast boot in Windows 8, " "fast startup in Windows 10) to cut down system startup time. " "Technically, when this feature is enabled, Windows does not do a real " "shutdown and a real cold boot afterwards when ordered to shut down, but " "instead does something resembling a partial suspend to disk to reduce the " "boot time. As long as Windows is the only operating system on " "the machine, this is unproblematic, but it can result in problems and data " "loss, when you have a dual boot setup, in which another operating system " "accesses the same filesystems as Windows does. In that case the real state " "of the filesystem can be different from what Windows believes it to be after " "the boot and this could cause filesystem corruption upon " "further write accesses to the filesystem. Therefore in a dual boot setup, to " "avoid filesystem corruption the fast boot/fast " "startup feature has to be disabled within Windows." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1667 #, no-c-format msgid "" "Furthermore, the Windows Update mechanism has (sometimes) been known to " "automatically re-enable this feature, after it has been previously disabled " "by the user. It is suggested to re-check this setting periodically." msgstr "" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1672 #, no-c-format msgid "" "It may also be necessary to disable fast boot to even allow " "access to UEFI setup to choose to boot another operating system or &d-i;. On " "some UEFI systems, the firmware will reduce boot time by not " "initialising the keyboard controller or USB hardware; in these cases, it is " "necessary to boot into Windows and disable this feature to allow for a " "change of boot order." msgstr "" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1684 #, no-c-format msgid "Hardware Issues to Watch Out For" msgstr "Masalah Perangkat Keras yang Harus Diwaspadai" #. Tag: title #: preparing.xml:1687 #, no-c-format msgid "USB BIOS support and keyboards" msgstr "Dukungan BIOS USB dan papan ketik" #. Tag: para #: preparing.xml:1688 #, no-c-format msgid "" "If you have no PS/2-style keyboard, but only a USB model, on some very old " "PCs you may need to enable legacy keyboard emulation in your BIOS setup to " "be able to use your keyboard in the bootloader menu, but this is not an " "issue for modern systems. If your keyboard does not work in the bootloader " "menu, consult your mainboard manual and look in the BIOS for Legacy " "keyboard emulation or USB keyboard support options." msgstr ""