CPU, Main Boards, and Video Support
Complete information concerning supported peripherals can be found at
Linux Hardware Compatibility HOWTO.
This section merely outlines the basics.
CPU
Nearly all x86-based processors are supported; this includes AMD and
VIA (former Cyrix) processors as well. Also the new processors like
Athlon XP and Intel P4 Xeon are supported. However, Linux will
not run on 286 or earlier processors.
I/O Bus
The system bus is the part of the motherboard which allows the CPU to
communicate with peripherals such as storage devices. Your computer
must use the ISA, EISA, PCI, the Microchannel Architecture (MCA, used
in IBM's PS/2 line), or VESA Local Bus (VLB, sometimes called the VL
bus).