From 97b5dcae85e96ddbf4376942361fc23be07e713d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Holger Wansing Date: Tue, 3 Sep 2019 21:38:57 +0200 Subject: installation-guide: add Ukranian, on request of Volodymyr Bodenchuk --- po/uk/partitioning.po | 1098 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 1098 insertions(+) create mode 100644 po/uk/partitioning.po (limited to 'po/uk/partitioning.po') diff --git a/po/uk/partitioning.po b/po/uk/partitioning.po new file mode 100644 index 000000000..86f234204 --- /dev/null +++ b/po/uk/partitioning.po @@ -0,0 +1,1098 @@ +# Debian installation guide - translation into Ukranian +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: partioning_uk\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: debian-boot@lists.debian.org\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-08-06 18:46+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2019-09-03 08:32+0100\n" +"Last-Translator: \n" +"Language-Team: Ukranian\n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"Language: uk\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n" + +#. Tag: title +#: partitioning.xml:5 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Partitioning for &debian;" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: partitioning.xml:13 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Deciding on &debian; Partitions and Sizes" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:14 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"At a bare minimum, GNU/&arch-kernel; needs one partition for itself. You can " +"have a single partition containing the entire operating system, " +"applications, and your personal files. Most people feel that a separate swap " +"partition is also a necessity, although it's not strictly true. Swap is scratch space for an operating system, which allows the system to " +"use disk storage as virtual memory. By putting swap on a " +"separate partition, &arch-kernel; can make much more efficient use of it. It " +"is possible to force &arch-kernel; to use a regular file as swap, but it is " +"not recommended." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:26 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Most people choose to give GNU/&arch-kernel; more than the minimum number of " +"partitions, however. There are two reasons you might want to break up the " +"file system into a number of smaller partitions. The first is for safety. If " +"something happens to corrupt the file system, generally only one partition " +"is affected. Thus, you only have to replace (from the backups you've been " +"carefully keeping) a portion of your system. At a bare minimum, you should " +"consider creating what is commonly called a root partition. " +"This contains the most essential components of the system. If any other " +"partitions get corrupted, you can still boot into GNU/&arch-kernel; to fix " +"the system. This can save you the trouble of having to reinstall the system " +"from scratch." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:40 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The second reason is generally more important in a business setting, but it " +"really depends on your use of the machine. For example, a mail server " +"getting spammed with e-mail can easily fill a partition. If you made " +"/var/mail a separate partition on the mail server, most " +"of the system will remain working even if you get spammed." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:48 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The only real drawback to using more partitions is that it is often " +"difficult to know in advance what your needs will be. If you make a " +"partition too small then you will either have to reinstall the system or you " +"will be constantly moving things around to make room in the undersized " +"partition. On the other hand, if you make the partition too big, you will be " +"wasting space that could be used elsewhere. Disk space is cheap nowadays, " +"but why throw your money away?" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: partitioning.xml:67 +#, no-c-format +msgid "The Directory Tree" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:68 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"&debian-gnu; adheres to the Filesystem " +"Hierarchy Standard for directory and file naming. This standard " +"allows users and software programs to predict the location of files and " +"directories. The root level directory is represented simply by the slash " +"/. At the root level, all &debian; systems include " +"these directories:" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:82 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Directory" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:82 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Content" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:88 +#, no-c-format +msgid "bin" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:89 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Essential command binaries" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:91 +#, no-c-format +msgid "boot" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:92 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Static files of the boot loader" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:94 +#, no-c-format +msgid "dev" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:95 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Device files" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:97 +#, no-c-format +msgid "etc" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:98 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Host-specific system configuration" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:100 +#, no-c-format +msgid "home" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:101 +#, no-c-format +msgid "User home directories" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:103 +#, no-c-format +msgid "lib" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:104 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Essential shared libraries and kernel modules" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:106 +#, no-c-format +msgid "media" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:107 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Contains mount points for replaceable media" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:109 +#, no-c-format +msgid "mnt" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:110 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Mount point for mounting a file system temporarily" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:112 +#, no-c-format +msgid "proc" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:113 partitioning.xml:125 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Virtual directory for system information" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:115 +#, no-c-format +msgid "root" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:116 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Home directory for the root user" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:118 +#, no-c-format +msgid "run" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:119 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Run-time variable data" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:121 +#, no-c-format +msgid "sbin" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:122 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Essential system binaries" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:124 +#, no-c-format +msgid "sys" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:127 +#, no-c-format +msgid "tmp" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:128 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Temporary files" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:130 +#, no-c-format +msgid "usr" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:131 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Secondary hierarchy" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:133 +#, no-c-format +msgid "var" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:134 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Variable data" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:136 +#, no-c-format +msgid "srv" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:137 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Data for services provided by the system" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: filename +#: partitioning.xml:139 +#, no-c-format +msgid "opt" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: entry +#: partitioning.xml:140 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Add-on application software packages" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:145 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The following is a list of important considerations regarding directories " +"and partitions. Note that disk usage varies widely given system " +"configuration and specific usage patterns. The recommendations here are " +"general guidelines and provide a starting point for partitioning." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:155 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The root partition / must always physically contain " +"/etc, /bin, /sbin, /lib and /dev, " +"otherwise you won't be able to boot. Typically &root-system-size-min;–" +"&root-system-size-max;MB is needed for the root partition." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:164 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"/usr: contains all user programs (/usr/bin), libraries (/usr/lib), documentation " +"(/usr/share/doc), etc. This is the part of the file " +"system that generally takes up most space. You should provide at least 500MB " +"of disk space. This amount should be increased depending on the number and " +"type of packages you plan to install. A generous workstation or server " +"installation should allow 4–6GB." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:177 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"It is now recommended to have /usr on the root " +"partition /, otherwise it could cause some trouble at " +"boot time. This means that you should provide at least 600–750MB of " +"disk space for the root partition including /usr, or " +"5–6GB for a workstation or a server installation." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:187 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"/var: variable data like news articles, e-mails, web " +"sites, databases, the packaging system cache, etc. will be placed under this " +"directory. The size of this directory depends greatly on the usage of your " +"system, but for most people will be dictated by the package management " +"tool's overhead. If you are going to do a full installation of just about " +"everything &debian; has to offer, all in one session, setting aside 2 or 3 " +"GB of space for /var should be sufficient. If you are " +"going to install in pieces (that is to say, install services and utilities, " +"followed by text stuff, then X, ...), you can get away with 300–500 " +"MB. If hard drive space is at a premium and you don't plan on doing major " +"system updates, you can get by with as little as 30 or 40 MB." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:203 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"/tmp: temporary data created by programs will most " +"likely go in this directory. 40–100MB should usually be enough. Some " +"applications — including archive manipulators, CD/DVD authoring tools, " +"and multimedia software — may use /tmp to " +"temporarily store image files. If you plan to use such applications, you " +"should adjust the space available in /tmp accordingly." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:214 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"/home: every user will put his personal data into a " +"subdirectory of this directory. Its size depends on how many users will be " +"using the system and what files are to be stored in their directories. " +"Depending on your planned usage you should reserve about 100MB for each " +"user, but adapt this value to your needs. Reserve a lot more space if you " +"plan to save a lot of multimedia files (pictures, MP3, movies) in your home " +"directory." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: partitioning.xml:235 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Recommended Partitioning Scheme" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:236 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"For new users, personal &debian; boxes, home systems, and other single-user " +"setups, a single / partition (plus swap) is probably " +"the easiest, simplest way to go. The recommended partition type is ext4." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:243 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"For multi-user systems or systems with lots of disk space, it's best to put " +"/var, /tmp, and /home each on their own partitions separate from the / partition." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:251 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"You might need a separate /usr/local partition if you " +"plan to install many programs that are not part of the &debian; " +"distribution. If your machine will be a mail server, you might need to make " +"/var/mail a separate partition. If you are setting up a " +"server with lots of user accounts, it's generally good to have a separate, " +"large /home partition. In general, the partitioning " +"situation varies from computer to computer depending on its uses." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:262 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"For very complex systems, you should see the Multi Disk HOWTO. This contains in-depth information, " +"mostly of interest to ISPs and people setting up servers." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:269 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"With respect to the issue of swap partition size, there are many views. One " +"rule of thumb which works well is to use as much swap as you have system " +"memory. It also shouldn't be smaller than 512MB, in most cases. Of course, " +"there are exceptions to these rules." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:276 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"As an example, an older home machine might have 512MB of RAM and a 20GB SATA " +"drive on /dev/sda. There might be a 8GB partition for " +"another operating system on /dev/sda1, a 512MB swap " +"partition on /dev/sda3 and about 11.4GB on /" +"dev/sda2 as the Linux partition." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:285 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"For an idea of the space taken by tasks you might be interested in adding " +"after your system installation is complete, check ." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: partitioning.xml:301 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Device Names in Linux" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:302 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Linux disks and partition names may be different from other operating " +"systems. You need to know the names that Linux uses when you create and " +"mount partitions. Here's the basic naming scheme:" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:310 +#, no-c-format +msgid "The first hard disk detected is named /dev/sda." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:315 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The second hard disk detected is named /dev/sdb, and so " +"on." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:321 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The first SCSI CD-ROM is named /dev/scd0, also known as " +"/dev/sr0." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:330 +#, no-c-format +msgid "The first DASD device is named /dev/dasda." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:336 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The second DASD device is named /dev/dasdb, and so on." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:344 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The partitions on each disk are represented by appending a decimal number to " +"the disk name: sda1 and sda2 " +"represent the first and second partitions of the first SCSI disk drive in " +"your system." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:351 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Here is a real-life example. Let's assume you have a system with 2 SCSI " +"disks, one at SCSI address 2 and the other at SCSI address 4. The first disk " +"(at address 2) is then named sda, and the second " +"sdb. If the sda drive has 3 " +"partitions on it, these will be named sda1, " +"sda2, and sda3. The same applies " +"to the sdb disk and its partitions." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:362 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Note that if you have two SCSI host bus adapters (i.e., controllers), the " +"order of the drives can get confusing. The best solution in this case is to " +"watch the boot messages, assuming you know the drive models and/or " +"capacities." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:369 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Linux represents the primary partitions as the drive name, plus the numbers " +"1 through 4. For example, the first primary partition on the first drive is " +"/dev/sda1. The logical partitions are numbered starting " +"at 5, so the first logical partition on that same drive is /dev/" +"sda5. Remember that the extended partition, that is, the primary " +"partition holding the logical partitions, is not usable by itself." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:379 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Sun disk partitions allow for 8 separate partitions (or slices). The third " +"partition is usually (and is preferred to have) the Whole Disk partition. This partition references all of the sectors of the disk, " +"and is used by the boot loader (either SILO, or Sun's)." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:386 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The partitions on each disk are represented by appending a decimal number to " +"the disk name: dasda1 and dasda2 " +"represent the first and second partitions of the first DASD device in your " +"system." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: partitioning.xml:401 +#, no-c-format +msgid "&debian; Partitioning Programs" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:402 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Several varieties of partitioning programs have been adapted by &debian; " +"developers to work on various types of hard disks and computer " +"architectures. Following is a list of the program(s) applicable for your " +"architecture." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:415 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Recommended partitioning tool in &debian;. This Swiss army knife can also " +"resize partitions, create filesystems " +"(format in Windows speak) and assign them to the " +"mountpoints." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:427 +#, no-c-format +msgid "The original Linux disk partitioner, good for gurus." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:431 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Be careful if you have existing FreeBSD partitions on your machine. The " +"installation kernels include support for these partitions, but the way that " +"fdisk represents them (or not) can make the device names " +"differ. See the Linux+FreeBSD HOWTO." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:444 +#, no-c-format +msgid "A simple-to-use, full-screen disk partitioner for the rest of us." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:448 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Note that cfdisk doesn't understand FreeBSD partitions at " +"all, and, again, device names may differ as a result." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:458 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Atari-aware version of fdisk." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:467 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Amiga-aware version of fdisk." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:476 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Mac-aware version of fdisk." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:485 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"PowerMac-aware version of fdisk, also used by BVM and " +"Motorola VMEbus systems." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:495 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"&arch-title; version of fdisk; Please read the fdasd " +"manual page or chapter 13 in Device Drivers and " +"Installation Commands for details." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:506 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"One of these programs will be run by default when you select " +"Partition disks (or similar). It may be possible " +"to use a different partitioning tool from the command line on VT2, but this " +"is not recommended." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:513 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Remember to mark your boot partition as Bootable." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:516 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"One key point when partitioning for Mac type disks is that the swap " +"partition is identified by its name; it must be named swap. " +"All Mac linux partitions are the same partition type, Apple_UNIX_SRV2. " +"Please read the fine manual. We also suggest reading the mac-fdisk Tutorial, which includes steps you " +"should take if you are sharing your disk with MacOS." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: partitioning.xml:532 partitioning.xml:556 partitioning.xml:652 +#: partitioning.xml:766 partitioning.xml:843 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Partitioning for &arch-title;" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:533 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"PALO, the HPPA boot loader, requires a partition of type F0 " +"somewhere in the first 2GB. This is where the boot loader and an optional " +"kernel and RAMdisk will be stored, so make it big enough for that — at " +"least 4Mb (I like 8–16MB). An additional requirement of the firmware " +"is that the Linux kernel must reside within the first 2GB of the disk. This " +"is typically achieved by making the root ext2 partition fit entirely within " +"the first 2GB of the disk. Alternatively you can create a small ext2 " +"partition near the start of the disk and mount that on /boot, since that is the directory where the Linux kernel(s) will be " +"stored. /boot needs to be big enough to hold whatever " +"kernels (and backups) you might wish to load; 25–50MB is generally " +"sufficient." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:557 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"If you have an existing other operating system such as DOS or Windows and " +"you want to preserve that operating system while installing &debian;, you " +"may need to resize its partition to free up space for the &debian; " +"installation. The installer supports resizing of both FAT and NTFS " +"filesystems; when you get to the installer's partitioning step, select the " +"option Manual and then simply select an existing " +"partition and change its size." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:567 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The PC BIOS generally adds additional constraints for disk partitioning. " +"There is a limit to how many primary and logical partitions a drive can contain. Additionally, with pre 1994–98 " +"BIOSes, there are limits to where on the drive the BIOS can boot from. More " +"information can be found in the Linux " +"Partition HOWTO, but this section will include a brief overview to " +"help you plan most situations." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:577 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Primary partitions are the original partitioning scheme for " +"PC disks. However, there can only be four of them. To get past this " +"limitation, extended and logical partitions " +"were invented. By setting one of your primary partitions as an extended " +"partition, you can subdivide all the space allocated to that partition into " +"logical partitions. You can create up to 60 logical partitions per extended " +"partition; however, you can only have one extended partition per drive." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:588 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Linux limits the partitions per drive to 255 partitions for SCSI disks (3 " +"usable primary partitions, 252 logical partitions), and 63 partitions on an " +"IDE drive (3 usable primary partitions, 60 logical partitions). However the " +"normal &debian-gnu; system provides only 20 devices for partitions, so you " +"may not install on partitions higher than 20 unless you first manually " +"create devices for those partitions." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:598 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"If you have a large IDE disk, and are using neither LBA addressing, nor " +"overlay drivers (sometimes provided by hard disk manufacturers), then the " +"boot partition (the partition containing your kernel image) must be placed " +"within the first 1024 cylinders of your hard drive (usually around 524 " +"megabytes, without BIOS translation)." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:606 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"This restriction doesn't apply if you have a BIOS newer than around " +"1995–98 (depending on the manufacturer) that supports the " +"Enhanced Disk Drive Support Specification. Both Lilo, the " +"Linux loader, and &debian;'s alternative mbr must use the " +"BIOS to read the kernel from the disk into RAM. If the BIOS int 0x13 large " +"disk access extensions are found to be present, they will be utilized. " +"Otherwise, the legacy disk access interface is used as a fall-back, and it " +"cannot be used to address any location on the disk higher than the 1023rd " +"cylinder. Once &arch-kernel; is booted, no matter what BIOS your computer " +"has, these restrictions no longer apply, since &arch-kernel; does not use " +"the BIOS for disk access." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:620 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"If you have a large disk, you might have to use cylinder translation " +"techniques, which you can set from your BIOS setup program, such as LBA " +"(Logical Block Addressing) or CHS translation mode (Large). " +"More information about issues with large disks can be found in the Large Disk HOWTO. If you are using a " +"cylinder translation scheme, and the BIOS does not support the large disk " +"access extensions, then your boot partition has to fit within the " +"translated representation of the 1024th cylinder." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:632 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The recommended way of accomplishing this is to create a small " +"(25–50MB should suffice) partition at the beginning of the disk to be " +"used as the boot partition, and then create whatever other partitions you " +"wish to have, in the remaining area. This boot partition must be mounted on /boot, since that is the " +"directory where the &arch-kernel; kernel(s) will be stored. This " +"configuration will work on any system, regardless of whether LBA or large " +"disk CHS translation is used, and regardless of whether your BIOS supports " +"the large disk access extensions." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:653 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The partman disk partitioner is the default partitioning " +"tool for the installer. It manages the set of partitions and their mount " +"points to ensure that the disks and filesystems are properly configured for " +"a successful installation. It actually uses parted to do " +"the on-disk partitioning." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: partitioning.xml:665 +#, no-c-format +msgid "EFI Recognized Formats" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:666 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The IA-64 EFI firmware supports two partition table (or disk label) formats, " +"GPT and MS-DOS. MS-DOS, the format typically used on i386 PCs, is no longer " +"recommended for IA-64 systems. Although the installer also provides " +"cfdisk, you should only use " +"parted because only it can manage both GPT and MS-" +"DOS tables correctly." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:678 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The automatic partitioning recipes for partman allocate " +"an EFI partition as the first partition on the disk. You can also set up the " +"partition under the Guided partitioning from the " +"main menu in a manner similar to setting up a swap " +"partition." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:686 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The partman partitioner will handle most disk layouts. " +"For those rare cases where it is necessary to manually set up a disk, you " +"can use the shell as described above and run the parted " +"utility directly using its command line interface. Assuming that you want to " +"erase your whole disk and create a GPT table and some partitions, then " +"something similar to the following command sequence could be used: " +"\n" +" mklabel gpt\n" +" mkpartfs primary fat 0 50\n" +" mkpartfs primary linux-swap 51 1000\n" +" mkpartfs primary ext2 1001 3000\n" +" set 1 boot on\n" +" print\n" +" quit\n" +" This creates a new partition table, and three " +"partitions to be used as an EFI boot partition, swap space, and a root file " +"system. Finally it sets the boot flag on the EFI partition. Partitions are " +"specified in Megabytes, with start and end offsets from the beginning of the " +"disk. So, for example, above we created a 1999MB ext2 file system starting " +"at offset 1001MB from the start of the disk. Note that formatting swap space " +"with parted can take a few minutes to complete, as it " +"scans the partition for bad blocks." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: partitioning.xml:711 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Boot Loader Partition Requirements" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:712 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"ELILO, the IA-64 boot loader, requires a partition containing a FAT file " +"system with the boot flag set. The partition must be " +"big enough to hold the boot loader and any kernels or RAMdisks you may wish " +"to boot. A minimum size would be about 20MB, but if you expect to run with " +"multiple kernels, then 128MB might be a better size." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:721 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The EFI Boot Manager and the EFI Shell fully support the GPT table so the " +"boot partition does not necessarily have to be the first partition or even " +"on the same disk. This is convenient if you should forget to allocate the " +"partition and only find out after you have formatted the other partitions on " +"your disk(s). The partman partitioner checks for an EFI " +"partition at the same time it checks for a properly set up root partition. This gives you an opportunity to correct the disk " +"layout before the package install begins. The easiest way to correct this " +"omission is to shrink the last partition of the disk to make enough free " +"space for adding an EFI partition." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:736 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"It is strongly recommended that you allocate the EFI boot partition on the " +"same disk as the root filesystem." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: partitioning.xml:744 +#, no-c-format +msgid "EFI Diagnostic Partitions" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:745 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The EFI firmware is significantly more sophisticated than the usual BIOS " +"seen on most x86 PCs. Some system vendors take advantage of the ability of " +"the EFI to access files and run programs from a hard disk filesystem to " +"store diagnostics and EFI based system management utilities on the hard " +"disk. This is a separate FAT format filesystem on the system disk. Consult " +"the system documentation and accessories that come with the system for " +"details. The easiest time to set up a diagnostics partition is at the same " +"time you set up the EFI boot partition." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:767 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"SGI machines require an SGI disk label in order to make the system bootable " +"from hard disk. It can be created in the fdisk expert menu. The thereby " +"created volume header (partition number 9) should be at least 3MB large. If " +"the volume header created is too small, you can simply delete partition " +"number 9 and re-add it with a different size. Note that the volume header " +"must start at sector 0." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: title +#: partitioning.xml:784 +#, no-c-format +msgid "Partitioning Newer PowerMacs" +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:785 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"If you are installing onto a NewWorld PowerMac you must create a special " +"bootstrap partition to hold the boot loader. The size of this partition must " +"have at least 819200 bytes and its partition type must be " +"Apple_Bootstrap. If the bootstrap partition is not " +"created with the Apple_Bootstrap type your machine " +"cannot be made bootable from the hard disk. This partition can easily be " +"created by creating a new partition in partman and " +"telling it to use it as a NewWorld boot partition, or in " +"mac-fdisk using the b command." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:798 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"The special partition type Apple_Bootstrap is required to prevent MacOS from " +"mounting and damaging the bootstrap partition, as there are special " +"modifications made to it in order for OpenFirmware to boot it automatically." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:805 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Note that the bootstrap partition is only meant to hold 3 very small files: " +"the yaboot binary, its configuration yaboot." +"conf, and a first stage OpenFirmware loader ofboot.b. It need not and must not be mounted on your file system nor have " +"kernels or anything else copied to it. The ybin and " +"mkofboot utilities are used to manipulate this partition." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:815 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"In order for OpenFirmware to automatically boot &debian-gnu; the bootstrap " +"partition should appear before other boot partitions on the disk, especially " +"MacOS boot partitions. The bootstrap partition should be the first one you " +"create. However, if you add a bootstrap partition later, you can use " +"mac-fdisk's r command to reorder " +"the partition map so the bootstrap partition comes right after the map " +"(which is always partition 1). It's the logical map order, not the physical " +"address order, that counts." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:827 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Apple disks normally have several small driver partitions. If you intend to " +"dual boot your machine with MacOSX, you should retain these partitions and a " +"small HFS partition (800k is the minimum size). That is because MacOSX, on " +"every boot, offers to initialize any disks which do not have active MacOS " +"partitions and driver partitions." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:844 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Make sure you create a Sun disk label on your boot disk. This " +"is the only kind of partition scheme that the OpenBoot PROM understands, and " +"so it's the only scheme from which you can boot. The s key " +"is used in fdisk to create Sun disk labels." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:852 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"Furthermore, on &arch-title; disks, make sure your first partition on your " +"boot disk starts at cylinder 0. While this is required, it also means that " +"the first partition will contain the partition table and the boot block, " +"which are the first two sectors of the disk. You must not put swap on the first partition of the boot drive, since swap " +"partitions do not preserve the first few sectors of the partition. You can " +"put Ext2 or UFS partitions there; these will leave the partition table and " +"the boot block alone." +msgstr "" + +#. Tag: para +#: partitioning.xml:863 +#, no-c-format +msgid "" +"It is also advised that the third partition should be of type Whole " +"disk (type 5), and contain the entire disk (from the first cylinder " +"to the last). This is simply a convention of Sun disk labels, and helps the " +"SILO boot loader keep its bearings." +msgstr "" -- cgit v1.2.3