From 190a18225bcf21fc3b92820fc168a31ab06ec0d7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Frans Pop Date: Wed, 27 Dec 2006 04:03:39 +0000 Subject: Update of original English docs --- nl/appendix/chroot-install.xml | 181 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------- nl/appendix/preseed.xml | 22 ++--- 2 files changed, 159 insertions(+), 44 deletions(-) (limited to 'nl/appendix') diff --git a/nl/appendix/chroot-install.xml b/nl/appendix/chroot-install.xml index 3a47deb1c..798904902 100644 --- a/nl/appendix/chroot-install.xml +++ b/nl/appendix/chroot-install.xml @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ - + Installing &debian; from a Unix/Linux System @@ -33,17 +33,18 @@ media. With your current *nix partitioning tools, repartition the hard drive as needed, creating at least one filesystem plus swap. You -need at least 150MB of space available for a console only install, -or at least 300MB if you plan to install X. +need around 350MB of space available for a console only install, +or about 1GB if you plan to install X (more if you intend to +install destop environments like GNOME or KDE). -Create file systems on your partitions. For example, to create an +Next, create file systems on the partitions. For example, to create an ext3 file system on partition /dev/hda6 (that's our example root partition): -# mke2fs -j /dev/hda6 +# mke2fs -j /dev/hda6 To create an ext2 file system instead, omit -j. @@ -54,9 +55,9 @@ Initialize and activate swap (substitute the partition number for your intended Debian swap partition): -# mkswap /dev/hda5 +# mkswap /dev/hda5 # sync; sync; sync -# swapon /dev/hda5 +# swapon /dev/hda5 Mount one partition as /mnt/debinst (the @@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ referenced later below. # mkdir /mnt/debinst -# mount /dev/hda6 /mnt/debinst +# mount /dev/hda6 /mnt/debinst @@ -161,6 +162,7 @@ Substitute one of the following for ARCH in the debootstrap command: alpha, +amd64, arm, hppa, i386, @@ -174,7 +176,7 @@ in the debootstrap command: # /usr/sbin/debootstrap --arch ARCH &releasename; \ - /mnt/debinst http://http.us.debian.org/debian + /mnt/debinst http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian @@ -185,10 +187,17 @@ in the debootstrap command: Now you've got a real Debian system, though rather lean, on disk. -Chroot into it: +chroot into it: -# LANG= chroot /mnt/debinst /bin/bash +# LANG=C chroot /mnt/debinst /bin/bash + + +After chrooting you may need to set the terminal definition to be +compatible with the Debian base system, for example: + + +# export TERM=xterm-color @@ -215,8 +224,8 @@ Here is a sample you can modify to suit: /dev/XXX none swap sw 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 -/dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy auto noauto,rw,sync,user,exec 0 0 -/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom iso9660 noauto,ro,user,exec 0 0 +/dev/fd0 /media/floppy auto noauto,rw,sync,user,exec 0 0 +/dev/cdrom /media/cdrom iso9660 noauto,ro,user,exec 0 0 /dev/XXX /tmp ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 2 /dev/XXX /var ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 2 @@ -225,13 +234,25 @@ proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 Use mount -a to mount all the file systems you -have specified in your /etc/fstab, or to mount -file systems individually use: +have specified in your /etc/fstab, or, to mount +file systems individually, use: # mount /path # e.g.: mount /usr +Current Debian systems have mountpoints for removable media under +/media, but keep compatibility symlinks in +/. Create these as as needed, for example: + + +# cd /media +# mkdir cdrom0 +# ln -s cdrom0 cdrom +# cd / +# ln -s media/cdrom + + You can mount the proc file system multiple times and to arbitrary locations, though /proc is customary. If you didn't use mount -a, be sure to mount proc before continuing: @@ -254,20 +275,19 @@ the chroot: - Configure Keyboard + Setting Timezone -To configure your keyboard: +An option in the file /etc/default/rcS determines +whether the system will interpret the hardware clock as being set to UTC +or local time. The following command allow you to set that and choose +your timezone. -# dpkg-reconfigure console-data +# editor /etc/default/rcS +# tzconfig - - -Note that the keyboard cannot be set while in the chroot, but will be -configured for the next reboot. - @@ -337,6 +357,20 @@ Enter your system's host name (2 to 63 characters): # echo DebianHostName > /etc/hostname +And a basic /etc/hosts with IPv6 support: + + +127.0.0.1 localhost DebianHostName + +# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts +::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback +fe00::0 ip6-localnet +ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix +ff02::1 ip6-allnodes +ff02::2 ip6-allrouters +ff02::3 ip6-allhosts + + If you have multiple network cards, you should arrange the names of driver modules in the /etc/modules file into the desired order. Then during boot, each card will be associated with the @@ -346,22 +380,51 @@ interface name (eth0, eth1, etc.) that you expect. - Configure Locales + Configure Apt + + +Debootstrap will have created a very basic +/etc/apt/sources.list that will allow installing +additional packages. However, you may want to add some additional sources, +for example for source packages and security updates: + + +deb-src http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian etch main + +deb http://security.debian.org/ etch/updates main +deb-src http://security.debian.org/ etch/updates main + + +Make sure to run aptitude update after you have +made changes to the sources list. + + + + + + Configure Locales and Keyboard To configure your locale settings to use a language other than English, install the locales support package -and configure it: +and configure it. Currently the use of UTF-8 locales is recommended. # aptitude install locales # dpkg-reconfigure locales -NOTE: apt must be configured beforehand by creating -a sources.list and running aptitude update. -Before using locales with character sets other than ASCII or latin1, -please consult the appropriate localization HOWTO. +To configure your keyboard (if needed): + + +# aptitude install console-data +# dpkg-reconfigure console-data + + + + +Note that the keyboard cannot be set while in the chroot, but will be +configured for the next reboot. @@ -372,7 +435,7 @@ please consult the appropriate localization HOWTO. If you intend to boot this system, you probably want a Linux kernel -and a boot loader. Identify available pre-packaged kernels with +and a boot loader. Identify available pre-packaged kernels with: # apt-cache search linux-image @@ -385,6 +448,15 @@ Then install your choice using its package name. + + +The configuration file /etc/kernel-img.conf influences +the installation and upgrade of pre-packaged Debian kernels. A default file +will be created when you first install a Debian kernel image. For additional +information about this file, consult its man page which will be available +after installing the kernel-package package. + + @@ -404,16 +476,31 @@ bootloader. If you are keeping the system you used to install Debian, just add an entry for the Debian install to your existing grub menu.lst or lilo.conf. For lilo.conf, you could also copy it to the new system and -edit it there. After you are done editing, call lilo (remember it will use +edit it there. After you are done editing, call lilo +(remember it will use lilo.conf relative to the system you call it from). +Installing and setting up grub is as easy as: + + +# aptitude install grub +# grub-install /dev/hda +# update-grub + + +The second command will install grub (in this case in +the MBR of hda). The last command will create a sane +and working /boot/grub/menu.lst. + + + Here is a basic /etc/lilo.conf as an example: -boot=/dev/hda6 -root=/dev/hda6 +boot=/dev/hda6 +root=/dev/hda6 install=menu delay=20 lba32 @@ -449,6 +536,34 @@ label=Debian On some machines, you may need to use ide0: instead of hd:. + + + + +Finishing touches + + +As mentioned earlier, the installed system will be very basic. If you would +like to make the system a bit more mature, there is an easy method to +packages of standard priority: + + +# tasksel install standard + + +Of course, you can also just use aptitude to install +packages individually. + + + +After the installation there will be a lot of downloaded packages in +/var/cache/apt/archives/. You can free up some +diskspace by running: + + +# aptitude clean + + diff --git a/nl/appendix/preseed.xml b/nl/appendix/preseed.xml index cfd607830..35f445ff4 100644 --- a/nl/appendix/preseed.xml +++ b/nl/appendix/preseed.xml @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ - - +!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking --> +