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Diffstat (limited to 'it/appendix/files.xml')
| -rw-r--r-- | it/appendix/files.xml | 331 |
1 files changed, 111 insertions, 220 deletions
diff --git a/it/appendix/files.xml b/it/appendix/files.xml index c18ebaaa0..5f28c1e2f 100644 --- a/it/appendix/files.xml +++ b/it/appendix/files.xml @@ -7,14 +7,16 @@ <title>I device linux</title> <para> -<!-- In Linux you have various special files in +<!-- +In Linux you have various special files in <filename>/dev</filename>. These files are called device files. In the Unix world accessing hardware is different. There you have a special file which actually runs a driver which in turn accesses the hardware. The device file is an interface to the actual system component. Files under <filename>/dev</filename> also behave differently than ordinary files. Below are the most important device -files listed. --> +files listed. +--> In Linux sotto <filename>/dev</filename> sono presenti diversi file speciali, chiamati file di device. Nel mondo Unix si accede alle @@ -26,199 +28,123 @@ ordinari. Segue un elenco dei file di device più significativi. </para><para> -<!-- <informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody> -<row> - <entry><filename>fd0</filename></entry> - <entry>First Floppy Drive</entry> -</row><row> - <entry><filename>fd1</filename></entry> - <entry>Second Floppy Drive</entry> -</row> -</tbody></tgroup></informaltable> - -<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody> -<row> - <entry><filename>hda</filename></entry> - <entry>IDE Hard disk / CD-ROM on the first IDE port (Master)</entry> -</row><row> - <entry><filename>hdb</filename></entry> - <entry>IDE Hard disk / CD-ROM on the first IDE port (Slave)</entry> -</row><row> - <entry><filename>hdc</filename></entry> - <entry>IDE Hard disk / CD-ROM on the second IDE port (Master)</entry> -</row><row> - <entry><filename>hdd</filename></entry> - <entry>IDE Hard disk / CD-ROM on the second IDE port (Slave)</entry> -</row><row> - <entry><filename>hda1</filename></entry> - <entry>First partition of the first IDE hard disk</entry> -</row><row> - <entry><filename>hdd15</filename></entry> - <entry>Fifteenth partition of the fourth IDE hard disk</entry> -</row> -</tbody></tgroup></informaltable> - -<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody> -<row> - <entry><filename>sda</filename></entry> - <entry>SCSI Hard disk with lowest SCSI ID (e.g. 0)</entry> -</row><row> - <entry><filename>sdb</filename></entry> - <entry>SCSI Hard disk with next higher SCSI ID (e.g. 1)</entry> -</row><row> - <entry><filename>sdc</filename></entry> - <entry>SCSI Hard disk with next higher SCSI ID (e.g. 2)</entry> -</row><row> - <entry><filename>sda1</filename></entry> - <entry>First partition of the first SCSI hard disk</entry> -</row><row> - <entry><filename>sdd10</filename></entry> - <entry>Tenth partition of the fourth SCSI hard disk</entry> -</row> -</tbody></tgroup></informaltable> - -<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody> -<row> - <entry><filename>sr0</filename></entry> - <entry>SCSI CD-ROM with the lowest SCSI ID</entry> -</row><row> - <entry><filename>sr1</filename></entry> - <entry>SCSI CD-ROM with the next higher SCSI ID</entry> -</row> -</tbody></tgroup></informaltable> - -<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody> -<row> - <entry><filename>ttyS0</filename></entry> - <entry>Serial port 0, COM1 under MS-DOS</entry> -</row><row> - <entry><filename>ttyS1</filename></entry> - <entry>Serial port 1, COM2 under MS-DOS</entry> -</row><row> - <entry><filename>psaux</filename></entry> - <entry>PS/2 mouse device</entry> -</row><row> - <entry><filename>gpmdata</filename></entry> - <entry>Pseudo device, repeater data from GPM (mouse) daemon</entry> -</row> -</tbody></tgroup></informaltable> - -<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody> -<row> - <entry><filename>cdrom</filename></entry> - <entry>Symbolic link to the CD-ROM drive</entry> -</row><row> - <entry><filename>mouse</filename></entry> - <entry>Symbolic link to the mouse device file</entry> -</row> -</tbody></tgroup></informaltable> - -<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody> -<row> - <entry><filename>null</filename></entry> - <entry>Everything pointed to this device will disappear</entry> -</row><row> - <entry><filename>zero</filename></entry> - <entry>One can endlessly read zeros out of this device</entry> -</row> -</tbody></tgroup></informaltable> --> - <informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody> <row> <entry><filename>fd0</filename></entry> - <entry>Primo lettore di dischetti</entry> + <entry><!-- First Floppy Drive -->Primo lettore di dischetti</entry> </row><row> <entry><filename>fd1</filename></entry> - <entry>Secondo lettore di dischetti</entry> + <entry><!-- Second Floppy Drive -->Secondo lettore di dischetti</entry> </row> </tbody></tgroup></informaltable> <informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody> <row> <entry><filename>hda</filename></entry> - <entry>Disco fisso o lettore CD IDE presente sulla prima porta IDE (Master)</entry> + <entry><!-- IDE Hard disk / CD-ROM on the first IDE port (Master) --> + Disco fisso o lettore CD IDE presente sulla prima porta IDE (Master)</entry> </row><row> <entry><filename>hdb</filename></entry> - <entry>Disco fisso o lettore CD IDE presente sulla prima porta IDE (Slave)</entry> + <entry><!-- IDE Hard disk / CD-ROM on the first IDE port (Slave) --> + Disco fisso o lettore CD IDE presente sulla prima porta IDE (Slave)</entry> </row><row> <entry><filename>hdc</filename></entry> - <entry>Disco fisso o lettore CD IDE presente sulla seconda porta IDE (Master)</entry> + <entry><!-- IDE Hard disk / CD-ROM on the second IDE port (Master) --> + Disco fisso o lettore CD IDE presente sulla seconda porta IDE (Master)</entry> </row><row> <entry><filename>hdd</filename></entry> - <entry>Disco fisso o lettore CD IDE presente sulla seconda porta IDE (Slave)</entry> + <entry><!-- IDE Hard disk / CD-ROM on the second IDE port (Slave) --> + Disco fisso o lettore CD IDE presente sulla seconda porta IDE (Slave)</entry> </row><row> <entry><filename>hda1</filename></entry> - <entry>Prima partizione del primo disco fisso IDE</entry> + <entry><!-- First partition of the first IDE hard disk --> + Prima partizione del primo disco fisso IDE</entry> </row><row> <entry><filename>hdd15</filename></entry> - <entry>Quindicesima partizione del quarto disco fisso IDE</entry> + <entry><!-- Fifteenth partition of the fourth IDE hard disk --> + Quindicesima partizione del primo disco fisso IDE</entry> </row> </tbody></tgroup></informaltable> <informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody> <row> <entry><filename>sda</filename></entry> - <entry>Il disco fisso SCSI con l'ID SCSI più basso (p.e. 0)</entry> + <entry><!-- SCSI Hard disk with lowest SCSI ID (e.g. 0) --> + Il disco fisso SCSI con l'ID SCSI più basso (p.e. 0)</entry> </row><row> <entry><filename>sdb</filename></entry> - <entry>Il disco fisso SCSI con l'ID SCSI successivo (p.e. 1)</entry> + <entry><!-- SCSI Hard disk with next higher SCSI ID (e.g. 1) --> + Il disco fisso SCSI con l'ID SCSI successivo (p.e. 1)</entry> </row><row> <entry><filename>sdc</filename></entry> - <entry>Il disco fisso SCSI con l'ID SCSI ulteriore (p.e. 2)</entry> + <entry><!-- SCSI Hard disk with next higher SCSI ID (e.g. 2) --> + Il disco fisso SCSI con l'ID SCSI ulteriore (p.e. 2)</entry> </row><row> <entry><filename>sda1</filename></entry> - <entry>Prima partizione del primo disco fisso SCSI</entry> + <entry><!-- First partition of the first SCSI hard disk --> + Prima partizione del primo disco fisso SCSI</entry> </row><row> <entry><filename>sdd10</filename></entry> - <entry>Decima partizione del quarto disco fisso SCSI</entry> + <entry><!-- Tenth partition of the fourth SCSI hard disk --> + Decima partizione del primo disco fisso SCSI</entry> </row> </tbody></tgroup></informaltable> <informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody> <row> <entry><filename>sr0</filename></entry> - <entry>Il lettore CD SCSI con l'ID SCSI più basso</entry> + <entry><!-- SCSI CD-ROM with the lowest SCSI ID --> + Il lettore CD SCSI con l'ID SCSI più basso</entry> </row><row> <entry><filename>sr1</filename></entry> - <entry>Il lettore CD SCSI con l'ID SCSI successivo</entry> + <entry><!-- SCSI CD-ROM with the next higher SCSI ID --> + Il lettore CD SCSI con l'ID SCSI successivo</entry> </row> </tbody></tgroup></informaltable> <informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody> <row> <entry><filename>ttyS0</filename></entry> - <entry>Porta seriale 0, COM1 sotto MS-DOS</entry> + <entry><!-- Serial port 0, COM1 under MS-DOS --> + Porta seriale 0, COM1 sotto MS-DOS</entry> </row><row> <entry><filename>ttyS1</filename></entry> - <entry>Porta seriale 1, COM2 sotto MS-DOS</entry> + <entry><!-- Serial port 1, COM2 under MS-DOS --> + Porta seriale 1, COM2 sotto MS-DOS</entry> </row><row> <entry><filename>psaux</filename></entry> - <entry>Device del mouse PS/2</entry> + <entry><!-- PS/2 mouse device --> + Device del mouse PS/2</entry> </row><row> <entry><filename>gpmdata</filename></entry> - <entry>Pseudo device, usato dal demone GPM per ritrasmettere i dati del mouse</entry> + <entry><!-- Pseudo device, repeater data from GPM (mouse) daemon --> + Pseudo device, usato dal demone GPM per ritrasmettere i dati del mouse</entry> </row> </tbody></tgroup></informaltable> <informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody> <row> <entry><filename>cdrom</filename></entry> - <entry>Link simbolico al lettore CD</entry> + <entry><!-- Symbolic link to the CD-ROM drive --> + Link simbolico al lettore CD</entry> </row><row> <entry><filename>mouse</filename></entry> - <entry>Link simbolico al file di device del mouse</entry> + <entry><!-- Symbolic link to the mouse device file --> + Link simbolico al file di device del mouse</entry> </row> </tbody></tgroup></informaltable> <informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody> <row> <entry><filename>null</filename></entry> - <entry>Qualunque cosa trasmessa a questo device scomparirà</entry> + <entry><!-- Everything pointed to this device will disappear --> + Qualunque cosa trasmessa a questo device scomparirà</entry> </row><row> <entry><filename>zero</filename></entry> - <entry>Vi si possono leggere infiniti zero</entry> + <entry><!-- One can endlessly read zeros out of this device --> + Vi si possono leggere infiniti zero</entry> </row> -</tbody></tgroup></informaltable> +</tbody></tgroup></informaltable> --> </para> @@ -227,9 +153,11 @@ ordinari. Segue un elenco dei file di device più significativi. <title>Configurazione del mouse</title> <para> -<!-- The mouse can be used in both the Linux console (with gpm) and the X window +<!-- +The mouse can be used in both the Linux console (with gpm) and the X window environment. The two uses can be made compatible if the gpm repeater is used -to allow the signal to flow to the X server as shown: --> +to allow the signal to flow to the X server as shown: +--> Il mouse può essere utilizzato sia in console (con gpm) che in ambiente X Window. Le due modalità di utilizzo sono compatibili se si utilizza @@ -242,19 +170,24 @@ mouse => /dev/psaux => gpm => /dev/gpmdata -> /dev/mouse => X /dev/ttyS1 </screen></informalexample> -<!-- Set the repeater protocol to be raw (in <filename>/etc/gpm.conf</filename>) while +<!-- +Set the repeater protocol to be raw (in <filename>/etc/gpm.conf</filename>) while setting X to the original mouse protocol in <filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config</filename> -or <filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config-4</filename>. --> +or <filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config-4</filename>. +--> -Si imposti come "raw" il protocollo del ripetitore (in <filename>/etc/gpm.conf</filename>), -mentre in <filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config</filename> o +Si imposti come "raw" il protocollo del ripetitore (in +<filename>/etc/gpm.conf</filename>), mentre in +<filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config</filename> o <filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config-4</filename> si imposti per X il protocollo originario del mouse. </para><para> -<!-- This approach to use gpm even in X has advantages when the mouse is -unplugged inadvertently. Simply restarting gpm with --> +<!-- +This approach to use gpm even in X has advantages when the mouse is +unplugged inadvertently. Simply restarting gpm with +--> L'utilizzo di gpm anche in X si dimostra vantaggioso nel caso il mouse venga inavvertitamente scollegato. Basterà semplicemente rilanciare @@ -264,13 +197,16 @@ gpm con # /etc/init.d/gpm restart </screen></informalexample> -<!-- will re-connect the mouse in software without restarting X. --> +<!-- +will re-connect the mouse in software without restarting X. +--> per riconnettere via software il mouse senza dover rilanciare X. </para><para> -<!-- If gpm is disabled or not installed with some reason, make sure to set X to +<!-- +If gpm is disabled or not installed with some reason, make sure to set X to read directly from the mouse device such as /dev/psaux. For details, refer to the 3-Button Mouse mini-Howto at <filename>/usr/share/doc/HOWTO/en-txt/mini/3-Button-Mouse.gz</filename>, @@ -288,25 +224,31 @@ e <ulink url="&url-xorg;current/doc/html/mouse.html">README.mouse</ulink>. </para><para arch="powerpc"> -<!-- For PowerPC, in <filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config</filename> or +<!-- +For PowerPC, in <filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config</filename> or <filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config-4</filename>, set the mouse device to -<userinput>"/dev/input/mice"</userinput>. --> +<userinput>"/dev/input/mice"</userinput>. +--> Per i PowerPC, si imposti il device del mouse come -<userinput>"/dev/input/mice"</userinput>, in <filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config</filename> -o <filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config-4</filename>. +<userinput>"/dev/input/mice"</userinput>, in +<filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config</filename> o +<filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config-4</filename>. </para><para arch="powerpc"> -<!-- Modern kernels give you the capability to emulate a three-button mouse +<!-- +Modern kernels give you the capability to emulate a three-button mouse when your mouse only has one button. Just add the following lines to -<filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename> file. --> +<filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename> file. +--> I kernel attuali permettono di emulare un mouse a tre tasti con un mouse ad un solo tasto. È sufficiente aggiungere le righe seguenti al file <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>. -<!-- <informalexample><screen> +<!-- +<informalexample><screen> # 3-button mouse emulation # turn on emulation /dev/mac_hid/mouse_button_emulation = 1 @@ -315,7 +257,8 @@ file <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>. # Send right mouse button signal with the F12 key /dev/mac_hid/mouse_button3_keycode = 88 # For different keys, use showkey to tell you what the code is. -</screen></informalexample> --> +</screen></informalexample> +--> <informalexample><screen> # Emulazione di mouse a 3 tasti @@ -338,8 +281,10 @@ file <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>. <title>Spazio necessario per i task di tasksel</title> <para> -<!-- The base installation for i386 using the default 2.4 kernel, -including all standard packages, requires 573MB of disk space. --> +<!-- +The base installation for i386 using the default 2.4 kernel, +including all standard packages, requires 573MB of disk space. +--> L'installazione di base per i386 con il kernel 2.4 predefinito, compresi tutti i pacchetti standard, richiede 573 MB di spazio sul @@ -347,10 +292,12 @@ disco fisso. </para><para> -<!-- The following table lists sizes reported by aptitude for the tasks listed +<!-- +The following table lists sizes reported by aptitude for the tasks listed in tasksel. Note that some tasks have overlapping constituents, so the total installed size for two tasks together may be less than the total -obtained by adding up the numbers. --> +obtained by adding up the numbers. +--> La tabella seguente elenca le dimensioni dei task proposti in tasksel, secondo quanto riportato da aptitude. Si noti che alcuni task hanno dei componenti in @@ -359,11 +306,13 @@ potrebbe essere minore della somma teorica. </para><para> -<!-- Note that you will need to add the sizes listed in the table to the size +<!-- +Note that you will need to add the sizes listed in the table to the size of the base installation when determining the size of partitions. Most of the size listed as <quote>Installed size</quote> will end up in <filename>/usr</filename>; the size listed as <quote>Download size</quote> -is (temporarily) required in <filename>/var</filename>. --> +is (temporarily) required in <filename>/var</filename>. +--> Si noti che è necessario aggiungere dello spazio rispetto a quanto indicato nella tabella come spazio minimo nel momento in cui si definisce @@ -375,76 +324,14 @@ download</quote> devono essere (temporaneamente) disponibili in </para><para> -<!-- <informaltable><tgroup cols="4"> -<thead> -<row> - <entry>Task</entry> - <entry>Installed size (MB)</entry> - <entry>Download size (MB)</entry> - <entry>Space needed to install (MB)</entry> -</row> -</thead> - -<tbody> -<row> - <entry>Desktop</entry> - <entry>1392</entry> - <entry>460</entry> - <entry>1852</entry> -</row> - -<row> - <entry>Web server</entry> - <entry>36</entry> - <entry>12</entry> - <entry>48</entry> -</row> - -<row> - <entry>Print server</entry> - <entry>168</entry> - <entry>58</entry> - <entry>226</entry> -</row> - -<row> - <entry>DNS server</entry> - <entry>2</entry> - <entry>1</entry> - <entry>3</entry> -</row> - -<row> - <entry>File server</entry> - <entry>47</entry> - <entry>24</entry> - <entry>71</entry> -</row> - -<row> - <entry>Mail server</entry> - <entry>10</entry> - <entry>3</entry> - <entry>13</entry> -</row> - -<row> - <entry>SQL database</entry> - <entry>66</entry> - <entry>21</entry> - <entry>87</entry> -</row> - -</tbody> -</tgroup></informaltable> --> - <informaltable><tgroup cols="4"> <thead> <row> - <entry>Task</entry> - <entry>Dimensione installazione (MB)</entry> - <entry>Dimensione download (MB)</entry> - <entry>Spazio necessario all'installazione (MB)</entry> + <entry><!-- Task -->Task</entry> + <entry><!-- Installed size (MB) -->Dimensione installazione (MB)</entry> + <entry><!-- Download size (MB) -->Dimensione download (MB)</entry> + <entry><!-- Space needed to install (MB) -->Spazio necessario + all'installazione (MB)</entry> </row> </thead> @@ -503,8 +390,10 @@ download</quote> devono essere (temporaneamente) disponibili in <note><para> -<!-- The <emphasis>Desktop</emphasis> task will install both the Gnome and KDE -desktop environments. --> +<!-- +The <emphasis>Desktop</emphasis> task will install both the Gnome and KDE +desktop environments. +--> Il task <emphasis>Desktop</emphasis> installa sia l'ambiente desktop GNOME che KDE. @@ -513,15 +402,17 @@ che KDE. </para><para> -<!-- If you install in a language other than English, <command>tasksel</command> +<!-- +If you install in a language other than English, <command>tasksel</command> may automatically install a <firstterm>localization task</firstterm>, if one is available for your language. Space requirements differ per language; -you should allow up to 200MB in total for download and installation. --> +you should allow up to 200MB in total for download and installation. +--> Se l'installazione avviene in una lingua diversa dall'inglese, <command>tasksel</command> potrebbe installare automaticamente un -<firstterm>localization task</firstterm> se è disponibile per la propria -lingua. Lo spazio richiesto varia a seconda della lingua; potrebbe essere +<firstterm>localization task</firstterm> se disponibile per la lingua +in uso. Lo spazio richiesto varia a seconda della lingua; potrebbero essere necessari altri 200 MB per il download e l'installazione di questo task. |