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diff --git a/da/hardware/installation-media.xml b/da/hardware/installation-media.xml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..88ff2c209 --- /dev/null +++ b/da/hardware/installation-media.xml @@ -0,0 +1,317 @@ +<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking --> +<!-- original version: 22229 untranslated --> + + <sect1 id="installation-media"> + <title>Installation Media</title> + +<para> + +This section will help you determine which different media types you can use to +install Debian. For example, if you have a floppy disk drive on your machine, +it can be used to install Debian. There is a whole chapter devoted media, +<xref linkend="install-methods"/>, which lists the advantages and +disadvantages of each media type. You may want to refer back to this page once +you reach that section. + +</para> + + <sect2 condition="supports-floppy-boot"><title>Floppies</title> +<para> + +In some cases, you'll have to do your first boot from floppy disks. +Generally, all you will need is a +high-density (1440 kilobytes) 3.5 inch floppy drive. + +</para><para arch="powerpc"> + +For CHRP, floppy support is currently broken. + +</para> + </sect2> + + <sect2><title>CD-ROM/DVD-ROM</title> + +<note><para> + +Whenever you see <quote>CD-ROM</quote> in this manual, it applies to both +CD-ROMs and DVD-ROMs, because both technologies are really +the same from the operating system's point of view, except for some very +old nonstandard CD-ROM drives which are neither SCSI nor IDE/ATAPI. + +</para></note><para> + +CD-ROM based installation is supported for some architectures. +On machines which support bootable CD-ROMs, you should be able to do a +completely +<phrase arch="not-s390">floppy-less</phrase> +<phrase arch="s390">tape-less</phrase> +installation. Even if your system doesn't +support booting from a CD-ROM, you can use the CD-ROM in conjunction +with the other techniques to install your system, once you've booted +up by other means; see <xref linkend="boot-installer"/>. + +</para><para arch="i386"> + +Both SCSI and IDE/ATAPI CD-ROMs are supported. In addition, all +non-standard CD interfaces supported by Linux are supported by the +boot disks (such as Mitsumi and Matsushita drives). However, these +models might require special boot parameters or other massaging to get +them to work, and booting off these non-standard interfaces is +unlikely. The <ulink url="&url-cd-howto;">Linux CD-ROM HOWTO</ulink> +contains in-depth information on using CD-ROMs with Linux. + +</para><para arch="i386"> + +USB CD-ROM drives are also supported, as are FireWire devices that +are supported by the ohci1394 and sbp2 drivers. + +</para><para arch="arm"> + +IDE/ATAPI CD-ROMs are supported on all ARM machines. +On RiscPCs, SCSI CD-ROMs are also supported. + +</para><para arch="mips"> + +On SGI machines, it is possible to boot from CD and images are provided. +To start the install, simply choose the <quote>System installation</quote> +entry in the firmware. The Broadcom BCM1250 supports standard IDE devices, +including CD-ROM drives, but CD images for this platform are currently not +provided because the firmware doesn't recognize CD drives. + +</para><para arch="mipsel"> + +On DECstations, booting from CD-ROM requires a SCSI CD-ROM drive +capable of working with a logical blocksize of 512 bytes. Many of the +SCSI CD-DROM drives sold for the PC market do not have this +capability. If your CD-ROM drive has a jumper labeled "Unix/PC" or +"512/2048", place it in the "Unix" or "512" position. + +</para><para arch="mipsel"> + +CD 1 contains the installer for the r3k-kn02 subarchitecture +(the R3000-based DECstations 5000/1xx and 5000/240 as well as +the R3000-based Personal DECstation models), CD 2 the +installer for the r4k-kn04 subarchitecture (the R4x00-based +DECstations 5000/150 and 5000/260 as well as the Personal DECstation +5000/50). + +</para><para arch="mipsel"> + +To boot from CD, issue the command <userinput>boot +<replaceable>#</replaceable>/rz<replaceable>id</replaceable></userinput> +on the firmware prompt, where <replaceable>#</replaceable> is the +number of the TurboChannel device from which to boot (3 on most +DECstations) and <replaceable>id</replaceable> is the SCSI ID of the +CD-ROM drive. If you need to pass additional parameters, they can +optionally be appended with the following syntax: + +</para><para arch="mipsel"> + +<userinput>boot +<replaceable>#</replaceable>/rz<replaceable>id</replaceable> +param1=value1 param2=value2 ...</userinput> + +</para> + </sect2> + + <sect2><title>Hard Disk</title> + +<para> + +Booting the installation system directly from a hard disk is another option +for many architectures. This will require some other operating system +to load the installer onto the hard disk. + +</para><para arch="m68k"> + +In fact, installation from your local disk is the preferred +installation technique for most &architecture; machines. + +</para><para arch="sparc"> + +Although the &arch-title; does not allow booting from SunOS +(Solaris), you can install from a SunOS partiton (UFS slices). + +</para> + </sect2> + + <sect2 condition="bootable-usb"><title>USB Memory Stick</title> + +<para> + +Many Debian boxes need their floppy and/or CD-ROM drives only for +setting up the system and for rescue purposes. If you operate some +servers, you will probably already have thought about omitting those +drives and using an USB memory stick for installing and (when +necessary) for recovering the system. This is also useful for small +systems which have no room for unnecessary drives. + +</para> + </sect2> + + <sect2><title>Network</title> + +<para condition="supports-tftp"> + +You can also <emphasis>boot</emphasis> your system over the network. +<phrase arch="mips">This is the preferred installation technique for +Mips.</phrase> + +</para><para condition="supports-nfsroot"> + +Diskless installation, using network booting from a local area network +and NFS-mounting of all local filesystems, is another option. + +</para><para> + +After the operating system kernel is installed, you can install the +rest of your system via any sort of network connection (including +PPP after installation of the base system), via FTP or HTTP. + +</para> + </sect2> + + <sect2><title>Un*x or GNU system</title> + +<para> + +If you are running other Unix-like system, you could use it to install +&debian; without using the &d-i; described in the rest of the +manual. This kind of install may be useful for users with otherwise +unsupported hardware or on hosts which can't afford downtimes. If you +are interested in this technique, skip to the <xref +linkend="linux-upgrade"/>. + +</para> + </sect2> + + <sect2><title>Supported Storage Systems</title> + +<para> + +The Debian boot disks contain a kernel which is built to maximize the +number of systems it runs on. Unfortunately, this makes for a larger +kernel, which includes many drivers that won't be used for your +machine (see <xref linkend="kernel-baking"/> to learn how to +build your own kernel). Support for the widest possible range of +devices is desirable in general, to ensure that Debian can be +installed on the widest array of hardware. + +</para><para arch="i386"> + +Generally, the Debian installation system includes support for floppies, +IDE drives, IDE floppies, parallel port IDE devices, SCSI controllers and +drives, USB, and FireWire. The file systems supported include FAT, +Win-32 FAT extensions (VFAT), and NTFS, among others. + +</para><para arch="i386"> + +The disk interfaces that emulate the ``AT'' hard disk interface which +are often called MFM, RLL, IDE, or ATA are supported. Very old 8 bit +hard disk controllers used in the IBM XT computer are supported only +as a module. SCSI disk controllers from many different manufacturers +are supported. See the +<ulink url="&url-hardware-howto;">Linux Hardware Compatibility HOWTO</ulink> +for more details. + +</para><para arch="m68k"> + +Pretty much all storage systems supported by the Linux kernel are +supported by the Debian installation system. Note that the current +Linux kernel does not support floppies on the Macintosh at all, and +the Debian installation system doesn't support floppies for Amigas. +Also supported on the Atari is the Macintosh HFS system, and AFFS as a +module. Macs support the Atari (FAT) file system. Amigas support the +FAT file system, and HFS as a module. + +</para><para arch="sparc"> + +Any storage system supported by the Linux kernel is also supported by +the boot system. The following SCSI drivers are supported in the default +kernel: + +<itemizedlist> +<listitem><para> + +Sparc ESP + +</para></listitem> +<listitem><para> + +PTI Qlogic,ISP + +</para></listitem> +<listitem><para> + +Adaptec AIC7xxx + +</para></listitem> +<listitem><para> + +NCR and Symbios 53C8XX + +</para></listitem> +</itemizedlist> + +IDE systems (such as the UltraSPARC 5) are also supported. See +<ulink url="&url-sparc-linux-faq;">Linux for SPARC Processors FAQ</ulink> +for more information on SPARC hardware supported by the Linux kernel. + +</para><para arch="alpha"> + +Any storage system supported by the Linux kernel is also supported by +the boot system. The following SCSI drivers are supported in the default +kernel: + +<itemizedlist> +<listitem><para> + +Qlogic ISP + +</para></listitem> +<listitem><para> + +NCR and Symbios 53c8xx + +</para></listitem> +<listitem><para> + +Adaptec AIC7xxx + +</para></listitem> +</itemizedlist> + +IDE disks are also supported. Note, however, that on many systems, +the SRM console is unable to boot from IDE drives, and the Jensen is +unable to boot from floppies. (see +<ulink url="&url-jensen-howto;"></ulink> +for more information on booting the Jensen) + +</para><para arch="powerpc"> + +Any storage system supported by the Linux kernel is also supported by +the boot system. Note that the current Linux kernel does not support +floppies on CHRP systems at all. + +</para><para arch="hppa"> + +Any storage system supported by the Linux kernel is also supported by +the boot system. Note that the current Linux kernel does not support +the floppy drive. + +</para><para arch="mips"> + +Any storage system supported by the Linux kernel is also supported by +the boot system. + +</para><para arch="s390"> + +Any storage system supported by the Linux kernel is also supported by +the boot system. This means that FBA and ECKD DASDs are supported with +the old Linux disk layout (ldl) and the new common S/390 disk layout (cdl). + +</para> + + </sect2> + + </sect1> |