diff options
author | Joey Hess <joeyh@debian.org> | 2005-10-07 19:51:38 +0000 |
---|---|---|
committer | Joey Hess <joeyh@debian.org> | 2005-10-07 19:51:38 +0000 |
commit | 1ea73eea5ecc6a8ed901316049259aee737ee554 (patch) | |
tree | 03a077f0b1b1548f3c806bd1c5795964fba0fb52 /da/partitioning/tree.xml | |
download | installation-guide-1ea73eea5ecc6a8ed901316049259aee737ee554.zip |
move manual to top-level directory, split out of debian-installer package
Diffstat (limited to 'da/partitioning/tree.xml')
-rw-r--r-- | da/partitioning/tree.xml | 135 |
1 files changed, 135 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/da/partitioning/tree.xml b/da/partitioning/tree.xml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bf8bf825b --- /dev/null +++ b/da/partitioning/tree.xml @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ +<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking --> +<!-- original version: 11648 untranslated --> + + + <sect1 id="directory-tree"> + <title>The Directory Tree</title> +<para> + +&debian; adheres to the +<ulink url="&url-fhs-home;">Filesystem Hierarchy Standard</ulink> +for directory and file naming. This standard allows users and software +programs to predict the location of files and directories. The root +level directory is represented simply by the slash +<filename>/</filename>. At the root level, all Debian systems include +these directories: + +<informaltable> +<tgroup cols="2"> +<thead> +<row> + <entry>Directory</entry><entry>Content</entry> +</row> +</thead> + +<tbody> +<row> + <entry><filename>bin</filename></entry> + <entry>Essential command binaries</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><filename>boot</filename></entry> + <entry>Static files of the boot loader</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><filename>dev</filename></entry> + <entry>Device files</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><filename>etc</filename></entry> + <entry>Host-specific system configuration</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><filename>home</filename></entry> + <entry>User home directories</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><filename>lib</filename></entry> + <entry>Essential shared libraries and kernel modules</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><filename>mnt</filename></entry> + <entry>Mount point for mounting a file system temporarily</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><filename>proc</filename></entry> + <entry>Virtual directory for system information</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><filename>root</filename></entry> + <entry>Home directory for the root user</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><filename>sbin</filename></entry> + <entry>Essential system binaries</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><filename>tmp</filename></entry> + <entry>Temporary files</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><filename>usr</filename></entry> + <entry>Secondary hierarchy</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><filename>var</filename></entry> + <entry>Variable data</entry> +</row><row> + <entry><filename>opt</filename></entry> + <entry>Add-on application software packages</entry> +</row> +</tbody></tgroup></informaltable> +</para> + +<para> + +The following is a list of important considerations regarding +directories and partitions. + +</para> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem><para> + +The root partition <filename>/</filename> must always physically +contain <filename>/etc</filename>, <filename>/bin</filename>, +<filename>/sbin</filename>, <filename>/lib</filename> and +<filename>/dev</filename>, otherwise you won't be able to boot. +Typically 100 MB is needed for the root partition, but this may vary. + +</para></listitem> +<listitem><para> + +<filename>/usr</filename>: all user programs +(<filename>/usr/bin</filename>), libraries +(<filename>/usr/lib</filename>), documentation +(<filename>/usr/share/doc</filename>), etc., are in this +directory. This part of the file system needs most of the space. You +should provide at least 500 MB of disk space. If you want to install +more packages you should increase the amount of space you give this +directory. + +</para></listitem> +<listitem><para> + +<filename>/home</filename>: every user will put his data into a +subdirectory of this directory. The size of this depends on how many +users will be using the system and what files are to be stored in +their directories. Depending on your planned usage you should reserve +about 100 MB for each user, but adapt this value to your needs. + +</para></listitem> +<listitem><para> + +<filename>/var</filename>: all variable data like news articles, +e-mails, web sites, the packaging system cache, etc. will be placed +under this directory. The size of this directory depends greatly on +the usage of your computer, but for most people will be dictated by +the package management tool's overhead. If you are going to do a full +installation of just about everything Debian has to offer, all in one +session, setting aside 2 or 3 gigabytes of space for +<filename>/var</filename> should be sufficient. If you are going to +install in pieces (that is to say, install services and utilities, +followed by text stuff, then X, ...), you can get away with 300 - 500 +megabytes in <filename>/var</filename>. If hard drive space is at a +premium and you don't plan on doing major system updates, you can get +by with as little as 30 or 40 megabytes in <filename>/var</filename>. + +</para></listitem> +<listitem><para> + +<filename>/tmp</filename>: if a program creates temporary data it will +most likely go in <filename>/tmp</filename>. 20-50 MB should usually +be enough. + +</para></listitem> +</itemizedlist> + + </sect1> |