Commons Math is a library of lightweight, self-contained mathematics and statistics components addressing the most common problems not available in the Java programming language or Commons Lang. Guiding principles: * Real-world application use cases determine development priority. * This package emphasizes small, easily integrated components rather than large libraries with complex dependencies and configurations. * All algorithms are fully documented and follow generally accepted best practices. * In situations where multiple standard algorithms exist, a Strategy pattern is used to support multiple implementations. * Limited dependencies. No external dependencies beyond Commons components and the core Java platform.