Allow relocation of resource files and translations

--- CMakeLists.txt.orig	2023-10-16 12:57:57 UTC
+++ CMakeLists.txt
@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@ endif()
   endif()
 endif()
 
+if(DEFINED DUCKSTATION_APPLICATION_DIR_PATH)
+  add_compile_definitions(DUCKSTATION_APPLICATION_DIR_PATH="${DUCKSTATION_APPLICATION_DIR_PATH}")
+endif()
 
 # Required libraries.
 if(ENABLE_SDL2)
--- src/duckstation-qt/qthost.cpp.orig	2023-11-20 14:04:38 UTC
+++ src/duckstation-qt/qthost.cpp
@@ -259,6 +259,10 @@ void QtHost::SetResourcesDirectory()
 
 void QtHost::SetResourcesDirectory()
 {
+#ifdef DUCKSTATION_APPLICATION_DIR_PATH
+  // Resources' path specified at compile time
+  EmuFolders::Resources = Path::Canonicalize(DUCKSTATION_APPLICATION_DIR_PATH "/resources");
+#else
 #ifndef __APPLE__
   // On Windows/Linux, these are in the binary directory.
   EmuFolders::Resources = Path::Combine(EmuFolders::AppRoot, "resources");
@@ -266,6 +270,7 @@ void QtHost::SetResourcesDirectory()
   // On macOS, this is in the bundle resources directory.
   EmuFolders::Resources = Path::Canonicalize(Path::Combine(EmuFolders::AppRoot, "../Resources"));
 #endif
+#endif // DUCKSTATION_APPLICATION_DIR_PATH
 }
 
 void QtHost::SetDataDirectory()
--- src/duckstation-nogui/nogui_host.cpp.orig	2023-10-16 12:57:57 UTC
+++ src/duckstation-nogui/nogui_host.cpp
@@ -156,6 +156,10 @@ void NoGUIHost::SetResourcesDirectory()
 
 void NoGUIHost::SetResourcesDirectory()
 {
+#ifdef DUCKSTATION_APPLICATION_DIR_PATH
+  // Resources' path specified at compile time
+  EmuFolders::Resources = Path::Canonicalize(DUCKSTATION_APPLICATION_DIR_PATH "/resources");
+#else
 #ifndef __APPLE__NOT_USED // Not using bundles yet.
   // On Windows/Linux, these are in the binary directory.
   EmuFolders::Resources = Path::Combine(EmuFolders::AppRoot, "resources");
@@ -163,6 +167,7 @@ void NoGUIHost::SetResourcesDirectory()
   // On macOS, this is in the bundle resources directory.
   EmuFolders::Resources = Path::Canonicalize(Path::Combine(EmuFolders::AppRoot, "../Resources"));
 #endif
+#endif // DUCKSTATION_APPLICATION_DIR_PATH
 }
 
 void NoGUIHost::SetDataDirectory()
--- src/duckstation-qt/qttranslations.cpp.orig	2023-10-16 12:57:57 UTC
+++ src/duckstation-qt/qttranslations.cpp
@@ -73,11 +73,15 @@ void QtHost::InstallTranslator()
     FixLanguageName(QString::fromStdString(Host::GetBaseStringSettingValue("Main", "Language", GetDefaultLanguage())));
 
   // install the base qt translation first
+#ifdef DUCKSTATION_APPLICATION_DIR_PATH
+  const QString base_dir = QStringLiteral(DUCKSTATION_APPLICATION_DIR_PATH "/translations");
+#else
 #ifndef __APPLE__
   const QString base_dir = QStringLiteral("%1/translations").arg(qApp->applicationDirPath());
 #else
   const QString base_dir = QStringLiteral("%1/../Resources/translations").arg(qApp->applicationDirPath());
 #endif
+#endif // DUCKSTATION_APPLICATION_DIR_PATH
 
   // Qt base uses underscores instead of hyphens.
   const QString qt_language = QString(language).replace(QChar('-'), QChar('_'));