First pass at optimizing ale to autoload (#80)

* First pass at optimizing ale to autoload

First off, the structure/function names should be revised a bit,
but I will wait for @w0rp's input before unifying the naming style.
Second off, the docs probably need some more work, I just did some
simple find-and-replace work.

With that said, this pull brings major performance gains for ale. On my
slowest system, fully loading ale and all its code takes around 150ms.

I have moved all of ale's autoload-able code to autoload/, and in
addition, implemented lazy-loading of linters. This brings load time on
that same system down to 5ms.

The only downside of lazy loading is that `g:ale_linters` cannot be
changed at runtime; however, it also speeds up performance at runtime by
simplfying the logic greatly.

Please let me know what you think!

Closes #59

* Address Travis/Vint errors

For some reason, ale isn't running vint for me...

* Incorporate feedback, make fixes

Lazy-loading logic is much improved.

* Add header comments; remove incorrect workaround

* Remove unneeded plugin guards

* Fix lazy-loading linter logic

Set the wrong variable....

* Fix capitialization

1 files changed, 1 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/ale_linters/ruby/rubocop.vim b/ale_linters/ruby/rubocop.vim
index 1acb2636..17326a7e 100644
--- a/ale_linters/ruby/rubocop.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/ruby/rubocop.vim
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ function! ale_linters#ruby#rubocop#Handle(buffer, lines)
     return output
 endfunction
 
-call ALEAddLinter('ruby', {
+call ale#linter#Define('ruby', {
 \   'name': 'rubocop',
 \   'executable': 'rubocop',
 \   'command': 'rubocop --format emacs --stdin _',